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Bondar MV, Faryadras S, Munera N, Chang HJ, Uddin M, Belfield KD, Kachkovsky OD, Van Stryland EW, Hagan DJ. New Two-Photon Absorbing Squaraine Derivative with Efficient Near-Infrared Fluorescence, Superluminescence, and High Photostability. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3897-3907. [PMID: 35584210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The nature of linear photophysical and nonlinear optical properties of a new squaraine derivative 2,4-bis[4-(azetidyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl]squaraine (1) with efficient near-infrared (NIR) emission was comprehensively analyzed based on spectroscopic, photochemical, and two-photon absorption (2PA) measurements, along with quantum chemical analysis. The steady-state absorption, fluorescence, and excitation anisotropy spectra of 1 and its fluorescence emission lifetimes revealed the multiple aspects of the electronic structure of 1, including the relative orientations of the main transition dipoles, effective rotational volumes in solvents of different polarities, and a maximum molar extinction of 1.35 × 10-5 M-1·cm-1, which is unusually small for similar symmetric squaraines. The degenerate 2PA spectrum of 1 was obtained over a broad spectral range under femtosecond excitation, using standard open-aperture Z-scan and two-photon induced fluorescence methods, revealing maximum 2PA cross sections of ∼400 GM. Squaraine 1 exhibited efficient superluminescence emission in the polar solvent (dichloromethane) at room temperature under femtosecond pumping conditions. Quantum chemical analysis of the electronic structure of 1 was performed using the DFT/TD-DFT level of theory and found to be in good agreement with experimental data. The new squaraine derivative 1 displayed high fluorescence quantum yield, efficient NIR superluminescence, large 2PA cross sections, and high photostability with a photodecomposition quantum yield ∼4 × 10-6, suggesting its potential for applications in two-photon fluorescent bioimaging and lasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo V Bondar
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States.,Institute of Physics NASU, Prospect Nauki, 46, Kyiv-28 03028, Ukraine
| | - Sanaz Faryadras
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Natalia Munera
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Hao-Jung Chang
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Mehrun Uddin
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Kevin D Belfield
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Olexiy D Kachkovsky
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, Murmanskaya Street, 1, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
| | - Eric W Van Stryland
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - David J Hagan
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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Muñoz-García AB, Benesperi I, Boschloo G, Concepcion JJ, Delcamp JH, Gibson EA, Meyer GJ, Pavone M, Pettersson H, Hagfeldt A, Freitag M. Dye-sensitized solar cells strike back. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12450-12550. [PMID: 34590638 PMCID: PMC8591630 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are celebrating their 30th birthday and they are attracting a wealth of research efforts aimed at unleashing their full potential. In recent years, DSCs and dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have experienced a renaissance as the best technology for several niche applications that take advantage of DSCs' unique combination of properties: at low cost, they are composed of non-toxic materials, are colorful, transparent, and very efficient in low light conditions. This review summarizes the advancements in the field over the last decade, encompassing all aspects of the DSC technology: theoretical studies, characterization techniques, materials, applications as solar cells and as drivers for the synthesis of solar fuels, and commercialization efforts from various companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Muñoz-García
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Benesperi
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Javier J Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michele Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- University Management and Management Council, Vice Chancellor, Uppsala University, Segerstedthuset, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marina Freitag
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Chang HJ, Bondar MV, Liu T, Liu X, Singh S, Belfield KD, Sheely A, Masunov AE, Hagan DJ, Van Stryland EW. Electronic Nature of Neutral and Charged Two-Photon Absorbing Squaraines for Fluorescence Bioimaging Application. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:14669-14679. [PMID: 31552306 PMCID: PMC6751543 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The electronic properties of neutral 2,4-bis(4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-hydroxy-6-(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)phenyl)squaraine (1) and charged 2-((3-octadecylbenzothiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)methyl)-3-oxo-4-((3-(4-(pyridinium-1-yl)butyl)benzo-thiazol-3-ium-2-yl)methylene)cyclobut-1-enolate iodide (2) squaraine derivatives were analyzed based on comprehensive linear photophysical, photochemical, nonlinear optical studies (including two-photon absorption (2PA) and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy measurements), and quantum chemical calculations. The steady-state absorption, fluorescence, and excitation anisotropy spectra of these new squaraines revealed the values and mutual orientations of the main transition dipoles of 1 and 2 in solvents of different polarity, while their role in specific nonlinear optical properties was shown. The degenerate 2PA spectra of 1 and 2 exhibited similar shapes, with maximum cross sections of ∼300-400 GM, which were determined by the open aperture Z-scan method over a broad spectral range. The nature of the time-resolved excited-state absorption spectra of 1 and 2 was analyzed using a femtosecond transient absorption pump-probe technique and the characteristic relaxation times of 4-5 ps were revealed. Quantum chemical analyses of the electronic properties of 1 and 2 were performed using the ZINDO/S//DFT theory level, affording good agreement with experimental data. To demonstrate the potential of squaraines 1 and 2 as fluorescent probes for bioimaging, laser scanning fluorescence microscopy images of HeLa cells incubated with new squaraines were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jung Chang
- CREOL,
The College of Optics and Photonics, University
of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | | | - Taihong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal
Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi
Normal University, Xi’an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xinglei Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal
Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Sweety Singh
- Department
of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal
Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Kevin D. Belfield
- Department
of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal
Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
- E-mail: . Phone: 973-596-3677 (K.D.B.)
| | - Andrew Sheely
- NanoScienece
Technology Center, University of Central
Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Ste. 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- School of
Modeling, Simulation, and Training, University
of Central Florida, 3100 Technology Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United
States
| | - Artëm E. Masunov
- NanoScienece
Technology Center, University of Central
Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Ste. 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- School of
Modeling, Simulation, and Training, University
of Central Florida, 3100 Technology Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United
States
- South
Ural State University, Lenin pr. 76, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
- Photochemistry
Center RAS, Federal Research Center Crystallography
and Photonics Russian Academy of Science, Ul. Novatorov 7a, Moscow 119421, Russia
- National
Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoye shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - David J. Hagan
- CREOL,
The College of Optics and Photonics, University
of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
- E-mail: . Phone: 407-823-6817 (D.J.H.)
| | - Eric W. Van Stryland
- CREOL,
The College of Optics and Photonics, University
of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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Bonomo M, Barbero N, Naponiello G, Giordano M, Dini D, Barolo C. Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment as an Effective Approach to Reduce the Dye/Holes Recombination Reaction in P-Type DSCs. Front Chem 2019; 7:99. [PMID: 30873402 PMCID: PMC6400885 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a novel squaraine dye (VG21-C12) and investigate its behavior as p-type sensitizer for p-type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. The results are compared with O4-C12, a well-known sensitizer for p-DSC, and sodium hydroxide pretreatment is described as an effective approach to reduce the dye/holes recombination. Various variable investigation such as dipping time, dye loading, photocurrent, and resulting cell efficiency are also reported. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized for investigating charge transport properties of the different photoelectrodes and the recombination phenomena that occur at the (un)modified electrode/electrolyte interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bonomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.,Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Gaia Naponiello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Giordano
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Danilo Dini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.,ICxT Interdepartmental Centre, Torino, Italy
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Effect of Sensitization on the Electrochemical Properties of Nanostructured NiO. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8070232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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