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Kunrath MF, Farina G, Sturmer LBS, Teixeira ER. TiO 2 nanotubes as an antibacterial nanotextured surface for dental implants: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater 2024; 40:907-920. [PMID: 38714394 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nanotechnology is constantly advancing in dental science, progressing several features aimed at improving dental implants. An alternative for surface treatment of dental implants is electrochemical anodization, which may generate a nanotubular surface (TiO2 nanotubes) with antibacterial potential and osteoinductive features. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to elucidate the possible antibacterial properties of the surface in question compared to the untreated titanium surface. SOURCES For that purpose, was performed a systematic search on the bases PubMed, Lilacs, Embase, Web Of Science, Cinahl, and Cochrane Central, as well as, manual searches and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION The searches resulted in 742 articles, of which 156 followed for full-text reading. Then, 37 were included in the systematic review and 8 were included in meta-analysis. RESULTS Fifteen studies revealed significant antibacterial protection using TiO2 nanotube surfaces, while 15 studies found no statistical difference between control and nanotextured surfaces. Meta-analysis of in vitro studies demonstrated relevant bacterial reduction only for studies investigating Staphylococcus aureus in a period of 6 h. Meta-analysis of in vivo studies revealed three times lower bacterial adhesion and proliferation on TiO2 nanotube surfaces. CONCLUSIONS TiO2 nanotube topography as a surface for dental implants in preclinical research has demonstrated a positive relationship with antibacterial properties, nevertheless, factors such as anodization protocols, bacteria strains, and mono-culture methods should be taken into consideration, consequently, further studies are necessary to promote clinical translatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden; School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; School of Technology, Post-Graduate Program in Materials Technology and Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Georgia Farina
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza B S Sturmer
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Teixeira
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Safaei M, Mohammadi H, Beddu S, Mozaffari HR, Rezaei R, Sharifi R, Moradpoor H, Fallahnia N, Ebadi M, Md Jamil MS, Md Zain AR, Yusop MR. Surface Topography Steer Soft Tissue Response and Antibacterial Function at the Transmucosal Region of Titanium Implant. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4835-4856. [PMID: 38828200 PMCID: PMC11141758 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s461549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Metallic dental implants have been extensively used in clinical practice due to their superior mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and aesthetic outcomes. However, their integration with the surrounding soft tissue at the mucosal region remains challenging and can cause implant failure due to the peri-implant immune microenvironment. The soft tissue integration of dental implants can be ameliorated through different surface modifications. This review discussed and summarized the current knowledge of topography-mediated immune response and topography-mediated antibacterial activity in Ti dental implants which enhance soft tissue integration and their clinical performance. For example, nanopillar-like topographies such as spinules, and spikes showed effective antibacterial activity in human salivary biofilm which was due to the lethal stretching of bacterial membrane between the nanopillars. The key findings of this review were (I) cross-talk between surface nanotopography and soft tissue integration in which the surface nanotopography can guide the perpendicular orientation of collagen fibers into connective tissue which leads to the stability of soft tissue, (II) nanotubular array could shift the macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) and manipulate the balance of osteogenesis/osteoclasia, and (III) surface nanotopography can provide specific sites for the loading of antibacterial agents and metallic nanoparticles of clinical interest functionalizing the implant surface. Silver-containing nanotubular topography significantly decreased the formation of fibrous encapsulation in per-implant soft tissue and showed synergistic antifungal and antibacterial properties. Although the Ti implants with surface nanotopography have shown promising in targeting soft tissue healing in vitro and in vivo through their immunomodulatory and antibacterial properties, however, long-term in vivo studies need to be conducted particularly in osteoporotic, and diabetic patients to ensure their desired performance with immunomodulatory and antibacterial properties. The optimization of product development is another challenging issue for its clinical translation, as the dental implant with surface nanotopography must endure implantation and operation inside the dental microenvironment. Finally, the sustainable release of metallic nanoparticles could be challenging to reduce cytotoxicity while augmenting the therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Safaei
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Advanced Dental Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohammadi
- Biomaterials Research Group, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, 14300, Malaysia
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM UNITEN, Kajang, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Salmia Beddu
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM UNITEN, Kajang, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Razieh Rezaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roohollah Sharifi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hedaiat Moradpoor
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nima Fallahnia
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mona Ebadi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Suzeren Md Jamil
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rahimi Yusop
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
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Han J, Ma Q, An Y, Wu F, Zhao Y, Wu G, Wang J. The current status of stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies on orthopedic titanium implant surfaces. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:277. [PMID: 37596638 PMCID: PMC10439657 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous innovation and breakthrough of nanomedical technology, stimuli-responsive nanotechnology has been gradually applied to the surface modification of titanium implants to achieve brilliant antibacterial activity and promoted osteogenesis. Regarding to the different physiological and pathological microenvironment around implants before and after surgery, these surface nanomodifications are designed to respond to different stimuli and environmental changes in a timely, efficient, and specific way/manner. Here, we focus on the materials related to stimuli-responsive nanotechnology on titanium implant surface modification, including metals and their compounds, polymer materials and other materials. In addition, the mechanism of different response types is introduced according to different activation stimuli, including magnetic, electrical, photic, radio frequency and ultrasonic stimuli, pH and enzymatic stimuli (the internal stimuli). Meanwhile, the associated functions, potential applications and developing prospect were discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Han
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Geitmyrsveien, Oslo, 710455 Norway
| | - Yanxin An
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Gaoyi Wu
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
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4
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Kunrath MF, Rubensam G, Rodrigues FVF, Marinowic DR, Sesterheim P, de Oliveira SD, Teixeira ER, Hubler R. Nano-scaled surfaces and sustainable-antibiotic-release from polymeric coating for application on intra-osseous implants and trans-mucosal abutments. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113417. [PMID: 37356139 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional surfaces may display the potential to accelerate and promote the healing process around dental implants. However, the initial cellular biocompatibility, molecular activity, and the release of functionalized molecules from these novel surfaces require extensive investigation for clinical use. Aiming to develop and compare innovative surfaces for application in dental implants, the present study utilized titanium disks, which were treated and divided into four groups: machined (Macro); acid-etched (Micro); anodized-hydrophilic surface (TNTs); and anodized surface coated with a rifampicin-loaded polymeric layer (poly(lactide-co-glycolide), PLGA) (TNTsRIMP). The samples were characterized regarding their physicochemical properties and the cumulative release of rifampicin (RIMP), investigated at different pH values. Additionally, differentiated osteoblasts from mesenchymal cells were used for cell viability and qRT-PCR analysis. Antibacterial properties of each surface treatment were investigated against Staphylococcus epidermidis. TNTsRIMP demonstrated controlled drug release for up to 7 days in neutral pH environments. Osteogenic cell cultures indicated that all the evaluated surfaces showed biocompatibility. The TNTs group revealed up-regulated values for bone-related gene quantification in 7 days, followed by the TNTsRIMP group. Furthermore, the antibiotic-functionalized surface revealed effectiveness to inhibit S. epidermidis and stimulate promising conditions for osteogenic cell behavior. Characteristics such as nanomorphology and hydrophilicity were determinants for the up-regulated quantification of osteogenic biomarkers related to early bone maturation, encouraging application in intra-osseous implant surfaces; in addition, antibiotic-functionalized surfaces demonstrated significant higher antibacterial properties compared to the other groups. Our findings suggest that polymeric-antibiotic-loaded coating might be applied for the prevention of early infections, favoring its application in multifunctional surfaces for intra- and/or trans-mucosal components of dental implants, while, hydrophilic nanotextured surfaces promoted optimistic properties to stimulate early bone-related cell responses, favoring its application in bone-anchored surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Toxicology and Pharmacology Research Center (INTOX),School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; School of Technology, Post-Graduate Program in Materials Technology and Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Rubensam
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Research Center (INTOX),School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe V F Rodrigues
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel R Marinowic
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Sesterheim
- Experimental Cardiology Center, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sílvia D de Oliveira
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Teixeira
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Hubler
- School of Technology, Post-Graduate Program in Materials Technology and Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Yin B, Luo X, Gao PY, Jiao ZS, Piao JJ, Zhao AS, Yang P. Copper and Zinc Co-doped Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Arrays on Controlling Nitric Oxide Releasing and Regulating the Inflammatory Responses for Cardiovascular Biomaterials. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 17:165-172. [PMID: 34607553 DOI: 10.2174/1872210515666211004103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes arrays have shown tremendous application foreground due to their unique characters of structure and performance. However, the single bio-function is still the limit on cardiovascular biomaterials. METHODS The loadability function provides the possibility for the TiO2 nanotubes arrays to realize composite multifunction. The copper can catalyze the release of nitric oxide to promote the proliferation of endothelium cells and improve the anticoagulant. Also, zinc can adjust the inflammatory responses to improve anti-inflammation. RESULTS In this patent work, we co-doped the copper and zinc onto TiO2 nanotubes arrays to estimate the hemocompatibility, cytocompatibility and responses of inflammation. The results showed that copper and zinc could introduce better multi-biofunctions to the TiO2 nanotubes arrays for the application in cardiovascular biomaterials. CONCLUSION In summary, the NTs@Cu/Zn sample as a new composite material in this study had significant biocompatibility in vascular implantation and can be used as a potential material for polymer- free drug-eluting stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benli Yin
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Peng Yu Gao
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhi Sha Jiao
- Nanyang Grain and Oil Quality Inspection Center, Nanyang, Henan, PR China
| | - Jun Ji Piao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - An Sha Zhao
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ping Yang
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Kunrath MF, Shah FA, Dahlin C. Bench-to-bedside: Feasibility of nano-engineered and drug-delivery biomaterials for bone-anchored implants and periodontal applications. Mater Today Bio 2022; 18:100540. [PMID: 36632628 PMCID: PMC9826856 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology and drug-release biomaterials have been thoroughly explored in the last few years aiming to develop specialized clinical treatments. However, it is rare to find biomaterials associated with drug delivery properties in the current dental market for application in oral bone- and periodontal-related procedures. The gap between basic scientific evidence and translation to a commercial product remains wide. Several challenges have been reported regarding the clinical translation of biomaterials with drug-delivery systems (BDDS) and nanofeatures. Therefore, processes for BDDS development, application in preclinical models, drug delivery doses, sterilization processes, storage protocols and approval requirements were explored in this review, associated with tentative solutions for these issues. The diversity of techniques and compounds/molecules applied to develop BDDS demands a case-by-case approach to manufacturing and validating a commercial biomaterial. Promising outcomes such as accelerated tissue healing and higher antibacterial response have been shown through basic and preclinical studies using BDDS and nano-engineered biomaterials; however, the adequate process for sterilization, storage, cost-effectiveness and possible cytotoxic effects remains unclear for multifunctional biomaterials incorporated with different chemical compounds; then BDDSs are rarely translated into products. The future benefits of BDDS and nano-engineered biomaterials have been reported suggesting personalized clinical treatment and a promising reduction in the use of systemic antibiotics. Finally, the launch of these specialized biomaterials with solid data and controlled traceability onto the market will generate strong specificity for healthcare treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F. Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden,Department of Dentistry, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil,Corresponding author. Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Furqan A. Shah
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christer Dahlin
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
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Ganguli AK, Kunde GB, Raza W, Kumar S, Yadav P. Assessment of Performance of Photocatalytic Nanostructured Materials with Varied Morphology Based on Reaction Conditions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227778. [PMID: 36431879 PMCID: PMC9696975 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of nanomaterials with specific morphology is an essential aspect for the optimisation of its properties and applications. The application of nanomaterials is being discussed in a wide range of areas, one of which is directly relevant to the environment through photocatalysis. To produce an effective photocatalyst for environmental applications, morphology plays an important role as it affects the surface area, interfaces, crystal facets and active sites, which ultimately affects efficiency. The method of synthesis and synthesis temperature can be the basic considerations for the evaluation of a particular nanomaterial. In this study, we have considered the aspects of morphology with a basic understanding and analyzed them in terms of nanomaterial efficacy in photocatalysis. Different morphologies of specific nanomaterials such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silver phosphate, cadmium sulphide and zinc titanate have been discussed to come to reasonable conclusions. Morphologies such as nanorods, nanoflower, nanospindles, nanosheets, nanospheres and nanoparticles were compared within and outside the domain of given nanomaterials. The different synthesis strategies adopted for a specific morphology have been compared with the photocatalytic performance. It has been observed that nanomaterials with similar band gaps show different performances, which can be linked with the reaction conditions and their nanomorphology as well. Materials with similar morphological structures show different photocatalytic performances. TiO2 nanorods appear to have the best features of efficient photocatalyst, while the nanoflowers show very low efficiency. For CdS, the nanoflower is the best morphology for photocatalysis. It appears that high surface area is the key apart from the morphology, which controls the efficiency. The overall understanding by analyzing all the available information has enumerated a path to select an effective photocatalyst amongst the several nanomaterials available. Such an analysis and comparison is unique and has provided a handle to select the effective morphology of nanomaterials for photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Ganguli
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
- Correspondence: (A.K.G.); (G.B.K.); Tel.: +91-11-26591511 (A.K.G.); +91-77-38611349 (G.B.K.)
| | - Gajanan B. Kunde
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
- Correspondence: (A.K.G.); (G.B.K.); Tel.: +91-11-26591511 (A.K.G.); +91-77-38611349 (G.B.K.)
| | - Waseem Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Priyanka Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Kunrath MF, Correia A, Teixeira ER, Hubler R, Dahlin C. Superhydrophilic Nanotextured Surfaces for Dental Implants: Influence of Early Saliva Contamination and Wet Storage. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152603. [PMID: 35957034 PMCID: PMC9370139 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophilic and nanotextured surfaces for dental implants have been reported as relevant properties for early osseointegration. However, these surface characteristics are quite sensitive to oral interactions. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to investigate the superficial alterations caused on hydrophilic nanotubular surfaces after early human saliva interaction. Titanium disks were treated using an anodization protocol followed by reactive plasma application in order to achieve nanotopography and hydrophilicity, additionally; surfaces were stored in normal atmospheric oxygen or wet conditioning. Following, samples were interacted with saliva for 10 min and analyzed regarding physical–chemical properties and cellular viability. Saliva interaction did not show any significant influence on morphological characteristics, roughness measurements and chemical composition; however, hydrophilicity was statistically altered compromising this feature when the samples were stored in common air. Cellular viability tested with pre-osteoblasts cell line (MC3T3-E1) reduced significantly at 48 h on the samples without wet storage after saliva contamination. The applied wet-storage methodology appears to be effective in maintaining properties such as hydrophilicity during saliva interaction. In conclusion, saliva contamination might impair important properties of hydrophilic nanotubular surfaces when not stored in wet conditions, suggesting the need of saliva-controlled sites for oral application of hydrophilic surfaces and/or the use of modified-package methods associated with their wet storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F. Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (M.F.K.); (C.D.); Tel.: +46-0722063757 (M.F.K.)
| | - André Correia
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal;
| | - Eduardo R. Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
| | - Roberto Hubler
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
| | - Christer Dahlin
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.F.K.); (C.D.); Tel.: +46-0722063757 (M.F.K.)
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Lim BS, Cho HR, Choe HC. Nanotube shape changes on Ti-6Al-4 V alloy via various applied potential for bio-implants. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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10
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Laser Direct Writing of Dual-Scale 3D Structures for Cell Repelling at High Cellular Density. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063247. [PMID: 35328668 PMCID: PMC8950975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of complex, reproducible, and accurate micro-and nanostructured interfaces that impede the interaction between material’s surface and different cell types represents an important objective in the development of medical devices. This can be achieved by topographical means such as dual-scale structures, mainly represented by microstructures with surface nanopatterning. Fabrication via laser irradiation of materials seems promising. However, laser-assisted fabrication of dual-scale structures, i.e., ripples relies on stochastic processes deriving from laser–matter interaction, limiting the control over the structures’ topography. In this paper, we report on laser fabrication of cell-repellent dual-scale 3D structures with fully reproducible and high spatial accuracy topographies. Structures were designed as micrometric “mushrooms” decorated with fingerprint-like nanometric features with heights and periodicities close to those of the calamistrum, i.e., 200–300 nm. They were fabricated by Laser Direct Writing via Two-Photon Polymerization of IP-Dip photoresist. Design and laser writing parameters were optimized for conferring cell-repellent properties to the structures, even for high cellular densities in the culture medium. The structures were most efficient in repelling the cells when the fingerprint-like features had periodicities and heights of ≅200 nm, fairly close to the repellent surfaces of the calamistrum. Laser power was the most important parameter for the optimization protocol.
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Titania Nanotube Architectures Synthesized on 3D-Printed Ti-6Al-4V Implant and Assessing Vancomycin Release Protocols. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216576. [PMID: 34772102 PMCID: PMC8585365 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to synthesize Titania nanotubes (TNTs) on the 3D-printed Ti-6Al-4V surface and investigate the loading of antibacterial vancomycin drug dose of 200 ppm for local drug treatment application for 24 h. The antibacterial drug release from synthesized nanotubes evaluated via the chemical surface measurement and the linear fitting of Korsmeyer–Peppas model was also assessed. The TNTs were synthesized on the Ti-6Al-4V surface through the anodization process at different anodization time. The TNTs morphology was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The wettability and the chemical composition of the Ti-6Al-4V surface and the TNTs were assessed using the contact angle meter, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The vancomycin of 200 ppm release behavior under controlled atmosphere was measured by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and hence, the position for retention time at 2.5 min was ascertained. The FESEM analysis confirmed the formation of nanostructured TNTs with vertically oriented, closely packed, smooth and unperforated walls. The maximum cumulative vancomycin release of 34.7% (69.5 ppm) was recorded at 24 h. The wetting angle of both Ti-6Al-4V implant and the TNTs were found below 90 degrees. This confirmed their excellent wettability.
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A state-of-the-art review of the fabrication and characteristics of titanium and its alloys for biomedical applications. Biodes Manuf 2021; 5:371-395. [PMID: 34721937 PMCID: PMC8546395 DOI: 10.1007/s42242-021-00170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys have been among the most commonly used materials for biomedical applications since the 1950s. Due to the excellent mechanical tribological properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties of titanium, it is getting much attention as a biomaterial for implants. Furthermore, titanium promotes osseointegration without any additional adhesives by physically bonding with the living bone at the implant site. These properties are crucial for producing high-strength metallic alloys for biomedical applications. Titanium alloys are manufactured into the three types of α, β, and α + β. The scientific and clinical understanding of titanium and its potential applications, especially in the biomedical field, are still in the early stages. This review aims to establish a credible platform for the current and future roles of titanium in biomedicine. We first explore the developmental history of titanium. Then, we review the recent advancement of the utility of titanium in diverse biomedical areas, its functional properties, mechanisms of biocompatibility, host tissue responses, and various relevant antimicrobial strategies. Future research will be directed toward advanced manufacturing technologies, such as powder-based additive manufacturing, electron beam melting and laser melting deposition, as well as analyzing the effects of alloying elements on the biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of titanium. Moreover, the role of titania nanotubes in regenerative medicine and nanomedicine applications, such as localized drug delivery system, immunomodulatory agents, antibacterial agents, and hemocompatibility, is investigated, and the paper concludes with the future outlook of titanium alloys as biomaterials. Graphic abstract ![]()
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Szkoda M, Trzciński K, Zarach Z, Roda D, Łapiński M, Nowak AP. Scaling Up the Process of Titanium Dioxide Nanotube Synthesis and Its Effect on Photoelectrochemical Properties. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195686. [PMID: 34640082 PMCID: PMC8510213 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, for the first time, the influence of scaling up the process of titanium dioxide nanotube (TiO2NT) synthesis on the photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 nanotubes is presented. Titanium dioxide nanotubes were obtained on substrates of various sizes: 2 × 2, 4 × 4, 5 × 5, 6 × 6, and 8 × 8 cm2. The electrode material was characterized using scanning electron microscopy as well as Raman and UV–vis spectroscopy in order to investigate their morphology, crystallinity, and absorbance ability, respectively. The obtained electrodes were used as photoanodes for the photoelectrochemical water splitting. The surface analysis was performed, and photocurrent values were determined depending on their place on the sample. Interestingly, the values of the obtained photocurrent densities in the center of each sample were similar and were about 80 µA·cm2. The results of our work show evidence of a significant contribution to wider applications of materials based on TiO2 nanotubes not only in photoelectrochemistry but also in medicine, supercapacitors, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Szkoda
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (Z.Z.); (D.R.)
- Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (A.P.N.); Tel.: +48-58-348-64-34 (M.S.)
| | - Konrad Trzciński
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (Z.Z.); (D.R.)
| | - Zuzanna Zarach
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (Z.Z.); (D.R.)
| | - Daria Roda
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (Z.Z.); (D.R.)
| | - Marcin Łapiński
- Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej P. Nowak
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (Z.Z.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (A.P.N.); Tel.: +48-58-348-64-34 (M.S.)
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14
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Kunrath MF, Muradás TC, Penha N, Campos MM. Innovative surfaces and alloys for dental implants: What about biointerface-safety concerns? Dent Mater 2021; 37:1447-1462. [PMID: 34426019 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present review article aimed to discuss the recent technologies employed for the development of dental implants, mainly regarding innovative surface treatments and alternative alloys, emphasizing the bio-tribocorrosion processes. METHODS An electronic search applying specific MeSH terms was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar databases to collect data until August 2021, considering basic, pre-clinical, clinical and review studies. The relevant articles (n=111), focused on innovative surface treatments for dental implants and their potential undesirable biological effects, were selected and explored. RESULTS Novel texturization methodologies for dental implants clearly provided superficial and structural atomic alterations in micro- and nanoscale, promoting different mechanical-chemical interactions when applied in the clinical set. Some particulate metals released from implant surfaces, their degradation products and/or contaminants exhibited local and systemic reactions after implant installation and osseointegration, contributing to unexpected treatment drawbacks and adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of pre-clinical and clinical platforms for screening dental implant devices, to predict the biointerface reactions as early as possible during the development phases. SIGNIFICANCE Modern surface treatments and innovative alloys developed for dental implants are not completely understood regarding their integrity during long-term clinical function, especially when considering the bio-tribocorrosion process. From this review, it is possible to assume that degradation and contamination of dental surfaces might be associated within peri-implant inflammation and cumulative long-lasting systemic toxicity. The in-depth comprehension of the biointerface modifications on these novel surface treatments might preclude unnecessary expenses and postoperative complications involving osseointegration failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Kunrath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Thaís C Muradás
- Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Maria M Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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15
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Alipal J, Lee T, Koshy P, Abdullah H, Idris M. Evolution of anodised titanium for implant applications. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07408. [PMID: 34296002 PMCID: PMC8281482 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anodised titanium has a long history as a coating structure for implants due to its bioactive and ossified surface, which promotes rapid bone integration. In response to the growing literature on anodised titanium, this article is the first to revisit the evolution of anodised titanium as an implant coating. The review reports the process and mechanisms for the engineering of distinctive anodised titanium structures, the significant factors influencing the mechanisms of its formation, bioactivity, as well as recent pre- and post-surface treatments proposed to improve the performance of anodised titanium. The review then broadens the discussion to include future functional trends of anodised titanium, ranging from the provision of higher surface energy interactions in the design of biocomposite coatings (template stencil interface for mechanical interlock) to techniques for measuring the bone-to-implant contact (BIC), each with their own challenges. Overall, this paper provides up-to-date information on the impacts of the structure and function of anodised titanium as an implant coating in vitro and in/ex vivo tests, as well as the four key future challenges that are important for its clinical translations, namely (i) techniques to enhance the mechanical stability and (ii) testing techniques to measure the mechanical stability of anodised titanium, (iii) real-time/in-situ detection methods for surface reactions, and (iv) cost-effectiveness for anodised titanium and its safety as a bone implant coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Alipal
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Higher Education Hub, 84600 Muar, Johor, Malaysia
| | - T.C. Lee
- Department of Production and Operation Management, Faculty of Technology Management and Business, UTHM Parit Raja 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - P. Koshy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - H.Z. Abdullah
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UTHM Parit Raja 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M.I. Idris
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UTHM Parit Raja 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
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16
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Shirazi-Fard S, Mohammadpour F, Zolghadr AR, Klein A. Encapsulation and Release of Doxorubicin from TiO 2 Nanotubes: Experiment, Density Functional Theory Calculations, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:5549-5558. [PMID: 34014667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c02648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes are attractive materials for drug-delivery systems because of their biocompatibility, chemical stability, and simple preparation. In this study, we loaded TiO2 nanotubes with anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) experimentally and in all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The release of doxorubicin from the nanotubes was studied by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and confocal Raman spectroscopy, and drug-release profiles were evaluated under various conditions. The polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating and capping of the nanotubes led to a marked increase in the water contact angles from about 16 to 33° in keeping with reduced wettability. The capping retarded the release rate without decreasing the overall release amount. The MD simulations further show that the DOX molecule diffusion coefficients (Di) are in the order of 10-10 m2/s. The DOX molecules show a plethora of short- and long-range H-bonding interactions with TiO2 nanotube walls and water. Calculated radial distribution functions (RDFs) and combined radial/angular distribution functions (CDFs) allowed gauging the strength of these hydrogen bonds. The strength does not fully correlate with the pKa values of DOX atoms which we assign to the confinement of DOX and water in the tubes. The lifetimes of hydrogen bonds between the DOX atoms and water molecules are shorter than that of the DOX...TiO2 interactions, and DOX...DOX aggregation does not play an important role. These results suggest TiO2 nanotubes as promising candidates for controllable drug-delivery systems for DOX or similar antiproliferative molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadpour
- Department of Physics, Farhangian University, Tarbiat Moallem, Ave Niayesh Junction Farahzadi Blvd, Tehran 1939614464, Iran
| | | | - Axel Klein
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran.,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Köln, Germany
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17
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Kunrath MF, Campos MM. Metallic-nanoparticle release systems for biomedical implant surfaces: effectiveness and safety. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:721-739. [PMID: 33896331 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1915401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current focus of bioengineering for implant devices involves the development of functionalized surfaces, bioactive coatings, and metallic nanoparticles (mNPs) with a controlled release, together with strategies for the application of drugs in situ, aiming at reducing infection rates, with an improvement of clinical outcomes. Controversially, negative aspects, such as cytotoxicity, mNP incorporation, bioaccumulation, acquired autoimmunity, and systemic toxicity have gained attention at the same status of importance, concerning the release of mNPs from these surface systems. The balance between the promising prospects of system releasing mNPs and the undesirable long-term adverse reactions require further investigation. The scarcity of knowledge and the methods of analysis of nanoscale-based systems to control the sequence of migration, interaction, and nanoparticle incorporation with human tissues raise hesitation about their efficacy and safety. Looking ahead, this innovative approach requires additional scientific investigation for permitting an evolution of implants without counterpoints, while updating implant surface technologies to a new level of development. This critical review has explored the promising properties of metals at the nano-scale to promote broad-spectrum bacterial control, allowing for a decrease in using systemic antibiotics. Attempts have also been made to discuss the existing limitations and the future challenges regarding these technologies, besides the negative findings that are explored in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Kunrath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria M Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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18
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Li Y, Wang S, Dong Y, Mu P, Yang Y, Liu X, Lin C, Huang Q. Effect of size and crystalline phase of TiO 2 nanotubes on cell behaviors: A high throughput study using gradient TiO 2 nanotubes. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:1062-1070. [PMID: 32695936 PMCID: PMC7363987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The research of TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) in the field of biomedicine has been increasingly active. However, given the diversity of the nanoscale dimension and controversial reports, our understanding of the structure-property relationships of TNTs is not yet complete. In this paper, gradient TNTs with a wide diameter range of 20-350 nm were achieved by bipolar electrochemistry and utilized for a thorough high-throughput study of the effect of nanotube dimension and crystalline phase on protein adsorption and cell behaviors. Results indicated that protein adsorption escalated with nanotube dimension whereas cell proliferation and differentiation are preferred on small diameter (<70 nm) nanotubes. Large diameter anatase nanotubes had higher adsorption of serum proteins than as-prepared ones. But only as-prepared small diameter nanotubes presented slightly higher cell proliferation than corresponding annealed nanotubes whereas there was no discernible difference between as-prepared and annealed nanotubes on cell differentiation for the entire gradient. Those findings replenish previous research about how cell responses to TNTs with a wide diameter range and provide scientific guidance for the optimal design of biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanran Li
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Si Wang
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuanjun Dong
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ping Mu
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Changjian Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qiaoling Huang
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Kunrath MF, Diz FM, Magini R, Galárraga-Vinueza ME. Nanointeraction: The profound influence of nanostructured and nano-drug delivery biomedical implant surfaces on cell behavior. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 284:102265. [PMID: 33007580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured surfaces feature promising biological properties on biomaterials attracting large interest at basic research, implant industry development, and bioengineering applications. Thou, nanoscale interactions at a molecular and cellular level are not yet completely understood and its biological and clinical implications need to be further elucidated. As follows, the aim of this comprehensive review was to evaluate nanostructured surfaces at biomedical implants focusing on surface development, nanostructuration, and nanoengineered drug delivery systems that can induce specific cell interactions in all relevant aspects of biological, reparative, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and clinical processes. The methods and the physio-chemical properties involved in nanotopography performance, the main cellular characteristics involved at surface/cell interaction, and a summary of results and outlooks reported in studies applying nanostructured surfaces and nano-drug delivery systems is presented. The future prospects and commercial translation of this developing field, particularly concerning multifunctional nanostructured surfaces and its clinical implications are further discussed. At a cellular level, nanostructured biomedical implant surfaces can enhance osteogenesis by targeting osteoblasts, osteocytes, and mesenchymal cells, stimulate fibroblast/epithelial cells proliferation and adherence, inhibit bacterial cell proliferation and biofilm accumulation, and act as immune-modulating surfaces targeting macrophages and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Moreover, several methodological options to create drug-delivery systems on metallic implant surfaces are available, however, the clinical translation is yet incomplete. The efficiency of which nanostructured/nano-delivery surfaces may target specific cell interactions and favor clinical outcomes needs to be further elucidated in pre-clinical and clinical studies, along with engineering solutions for commercial translation and approval of controlling agencies.
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20
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Kunrath MF, Vargas ALM, Sesterheim P, Teixeira ER, Hubler R. Extension of hydrophilicity stability by reactive plasma treatment and wet storage on TiO 2 nanotube surfaces for biomedical implant applications. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20200650. [PMID: 32993437 PMCID: PMC7536041 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro and nanoscale changes allow the optimization of physico-chemical properties of titanium implant surfaces. Recently UV and plasma treatments have allowed surface hydrophilicity to take increased prominence; however, this beneficial effect is short-lived. The aim of this study is to investigate methodologies post-anodizing treatment to generate and maintain high surface hydrophilicity along with high biocompatibility. Anodized surfaces were characterized regarding physical-chemical properties. Then, surface wettability with nanomorphology was evaluated at different times and with distinct post-treatments: as deposited, with a reactive plasma and UV-light post-treatment, stored in air or deionized (DI) water. Adhesion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bone cell viability tests were executed after the incremental treatments. The anodizing process generated a surface with TiO2 nanotubes morphology and micro-roughness. Plasma-treated surfaces resulted in the most hydrophilic samples and this property was maintained for a longer period when those were stored in DI water (angle variation of 7° to 12° in 21 days). Furthermore, plasma post-treatment changed the titanium surface crystalline phase from amorphous to anatase. Anodized surfaces modified by reactive plasma and stored in DI water suggest better hydrophilicity stability, biocompatibility, ALP activity and achievement of crystalline phase alteration, indicating future potential use on biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F. Kunrath
- Dentistry Department, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, P.O. Box 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), P.O. Box 1429, 90619-900, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - André L. M. Vargas
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), P.O. Box 1429, 90619-900, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Sesterheim
- Institute of Cardiology, R. Domingos Crescencio, P.O. Box 132, 90650-090, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R. Teixeira
- Dentistry Department, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, P.O. Box 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Hubler
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), P.O. Box 1429, 90619-900, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
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Gupta S, Noumbissi S, Kunrath MF. Nano modified zirconia dental implants: Advances and the frontiers for rapid osseointegration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mds3.10076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Gupta
- Private Practise Dentistry Bangalore India
- International Academy of Ceramic Implantology Silver Spring MD USA
- Zirconia Implant Research Group (Z.I.R.G.) Silver Spring MD USA
| | - Sammy Noumbissi
- International Academy of Ceramic Implantology Silver Spring MD USA
- Zirconia Implant Research Group (Z.I.R.G.) Silver Spring MD USA
- Department of Oral Surgery University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Marcel F. Kunrath
- Dentistry Department School of Health and Life Sciences Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre Brazil
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22
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Khodabandeh R, Mohammadpour F, Zolghadr AR, Klein A. Zn capped Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoporous arrays as pH sensitive drug delivery systems: a combined experimental and simulation study. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02840a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
pH sensitive nanotube arrays based on Zn capped Al2O3 and TiO2 were reported for the release of vitamin C in an experimental/theoretical study using MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Axel Klein
- Department of Chemistry
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz
- Iran
- Department für Chemie
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Kunrath MF, Leal BF, Hubler R, de Oliveira SD, Teixeira ER. Antibacterial potential associated with drug-delivery built TiO 2 nanotubes in biomedical implants. AMB Express 2019; 9:51. [PMID: 30993485 PMCID: PMC6468021 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0777-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The fast evolution of surface treatments for biomedical implants and the concern with their contact with cells and microorganisms at early phases of bone healing has boosted the development of surface topographies presenting drug delivery potential for, among other features, bacterial growth inhibition without impairing cell adhesion. A diverse set of metal ions and nanoparticles (NPs) present antibacterial properties of their own, which can be applied to improve the implant local response to contamination. Considering the promising combination of nanostructured surfaces with antibacterial materials, this critical review describes a variety of antibacterial effects attributed to specific metals, ions and their combinations. Also, it explains the TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) surface creation, in which the possibility of aggregation of an active drug delivery system is applicable. Also, we discuss the pertinent literature related to the state of the art of drug incorporation of NPs with antibacterial properties inside TNTs, along with the promising future perspectives of in situ drug delivery systems aggregated to biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Ferreira Kunrath
- Dentistry University, School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, P.O. Box 6681, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil.
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), P.O. Box 1429, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Ferreira Leal
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, P.O. Box 6681, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto Hubler
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), P.O. Box 1429, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Dias de Oliveira
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, P.O. Box 6681, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rolim Teixeira
- Dentistry University, School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, P.O. Box 6681, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
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Kunrath MF, Hübler R. A bone preservation protocol that enables evaluation of osseointegration of implants with micro- and nanotextured surfaces. Biotech Histochem 2018; 94:261-270. [PMID: 30556450 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1552017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of surface treatments has enabled secure attachment of dental implants in less than 1 month. Consequently, it is necessary to characterize accurately the osseointegration of the implant surface in the region of the bone-implant contact (BIC). We developed a method for sample preparation that preserves both bone and BIC to permit analysis of the contact interface. We prepared eight nanotextured implants and implanted them in rabbit tibias. After healing for 30 days, outcomes were analyzed using both our bone preservation protocol and routine decalcification followed by preparation of histological sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E). Pull-out tests for implant osseointegration were performed after healing. Non-implanted samples of rabbit mandible were used as a control for assessing organic and mineralized bone characteristics and bone structure. Our bone preservation protocol enabled evaluation of many of the same bone characteristics as histological sections stained with H & E. Our protocol enables analysis of implant samples, implant surfaces and osseointegration without risk of BIC damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Kunrath
- a Dentistry University , School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - R Hübler
- b Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory , Physics University, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
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