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Kushwaha A, Srivastava D, Prakash O, Kociok-Köhn G, Gosavi SW, Chauhan R, Muddassir M, Kumar A. 1,1'-Bis-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene appended d 8- and d 10-configuration based thiosquarates: the molecular and electronic configurational insights into their sensitization and co-sensitization properties for dye sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6818-6829. [PMID: 38546210 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00151f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Three new d8- and d10-configuration based 1,1'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) appended thiosquarates complexes with general composition [M(mtsq)2dppf] (M = Ni2+ (NiL2); Zn2+ (ZnL2) and Cd2+ (CdL2)) (mtsq = 3-ethoxycyclobutenedione-4-thiolate) have been synthesized and characterized spectroscopically as well as in case of NiL2 by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The single crystal X-ray analysis reveals square planar geometry around Ni(II) in NiL2, where Ni(II) coordinates with two sulfur centres of two mtsq ligands in monodentate fashion and two phosphorus of a dppf ligand in chelating mode. The supramolecular architecture of NiL2 is sustained by intermolecular C-H⋯O interactions to form one-dimensional chain. Further, the application of these newly synthesized complexes as sensitizers and co-sensitizers/co-absorbents with ruthenium based N719 sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been explored. The DSSC set-up based on NiL2 offers best photovoltaic performance with photovoltaic efficiency (η) 5.12%, short-circuit current (Jsc) 11.60 mA cm-2, open circuit potential (Voc) 0.690 V and incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) 63%. In co-sensitized DSSC set-up, ZnL2 along with state-of-the-art N719 dye displays best photovoltaic performance with η 6.65%, Jsc 14.47 mA cm-2, Voc 0.729 V and IPCE 69%, thereby showing an improvement by 15.25% in photovoltaic efficiency in comparison to the photovoltaic efficiency of N719 sensitized DSSC set-up. Variation in co-sensitization behaviour have been ascribed to the differences in the excited state energy level of co-sensitizers. The ZnL2 and CdL2 have a higher energy level position than N719 dye, allowing efficient electron transfer to N719 during light irradiation, while excited state of NiL2 is lower than N719 dye, preventing photoexcited electron transfer to N719, resulting in its lowest overall efficiency among the three co-sensitized DSSC setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, India.
| | - Devyani Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, India.
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, India.
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Materials and Chemical Characterisation Facility (MC2), University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Suresh W Gosavi
- Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, India
| | - Ratna Chauhan
- Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, India.
| | - Mohd Muddassir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, India.
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Arjmand F, Rashidi Ranjbar Z, Fatemi E. G H. Effect of Dye Complex Structure on Performance in DSSCs; An Experimental and Theoretical Study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11692. [PMID: 36425415 PMCID: PMC9679391 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of cobalt-complexes as dye in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has been a viable contender in the field of photovoltaics due to their low cost, easy production, and wide availability of sources. In this study, we investigated the effect of succinic acid (suc), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (BTC) as ligand in metals complex sensitizers with these general formulas: (1) [Co(suc)]n, (2) [Co2(suc)2(phen)2], (3) [Co3(BTC)2(H2O)n]n, and (4) [Co(HBTC) (phen) (H2O)2]; for DSSCs. The bandgap, and energy levels have an important role in photoelectron emission during photovoltaic processes. The bandgap, and energy levels of these dyes (1–4) were estimated by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis), spectroscopies, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Delocalized π-electron of phenanthroline in two compounds (2, 4) by effectively reducing band gap energies leads to power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.511%, and 1.006%, respectively. Their PCEs to compounds (1, 3) showed an approximate increase of 60%, and 31%, respectively. Furthermore, BTC ligands by more coordinated carboxylate groups in contrast with succinic molecules due to binding sites with TiO2 cause further enhancement in the efficiency for compounds (3, 4) in contrast with compounds (1, 2). Reasonable agreement is found between experimental and theoretical values calculated using density functional theory (DFT) for the bandgaps and energy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Arjmand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rashidi Ranjbar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- Corresponding author.
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2,4-Bis(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,3-dithia-2,4-diphosphetane 2,4-disulfide and its derivatives: Syntheses, structural characterizations, anticancer activities, and theoretical studies on some dithiophosphonato Ni(II) complex. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jangid DK, Dastider SG, Biswas R, Khirid S, Meena S, Kumar P, Sahoo SC, Verma VP, Makde RD, Kumar A, Jangir R, Mondal K, Haldar KK, Dhayal RS. Dithiophosphonate Anchored Heterometallic (Ag(I)/Fe(II)) Molecular Catalysts for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13342-13354. [PMID: 35959970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dichalcogenide ligated molecules in catalysis to produce molecular hydrogen through electroreduction of water are rarely explored. Here, a series of heterometallic [Ag4(S2PFc(OR)4] [where Fc = Fe(η5-C5H4)(η5-C5H5), R = Me, 1; Et, 2; nPr, 3; isoAmyl, 4] clusters were synthesized and characterized by IR, absorption spectroscopy, NMR (1H, 31P), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The molecular structures of 1, 2, and 3 clusters were established by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The structural elucidation shows that each triangular face of a tetrahedral silver(I) core is capped by a ferrocenyl dithiophosphonate ligand in a trimetallic triconnective (η3; μ2, μ1) pattern. A comparative electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction of 1-5 (R = iPr, 5) was studied in order to demonstrate the potential of these clusters in water splitting activity. The experimental results reveal that catalytic performance decreases with increases in the length of the carbon chain and branching within the alkoxy (-OR) group of these clusters. Catalytic durability was found effective even after 8 h of a chronoamperometric stability test along with 1500 cycles of linear sweep voltammetry performance, and only 15 mV overpotential was increased at 5 mA/cm2 current density for cluster 1. A catalytic mechanism was proposed by applying density functional theory (DFT) on clusters 1 and 2 as a representative. Here, a μ1 coordinated S-site between Ag4 core and ligand was found a reaction center. The experimental results are also in good accordance with the DFT analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar Jangid
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Saptarshi G Dastider
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India.,Department of Physics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | | | - Samreet Khirid
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Sangeeta Meena
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Subash C Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Newai-Jodhpuriya Road, Vanasthali 304022, India
| | - Ravindra D Makde
- Beamline of Protein Crystallography, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advance Technology, Indore 452013, M.P., India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Beamline of Protein Crystallography, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advance Technology, Indore 452013, M.P., India
| | - Ravindra Jangir
- Beamline of Protein Crystallography, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advance Technology, Indore 452013, M.P., India
| | | | | | - Rajendra S Dhayal
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
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Bulat E, Sağlam EG, Zeyrek CT, Akkoç S, Zorlu Y, Dal H. Ni(II) complexes with 1,3,2,4‐dithiadiphosphetane 2,4‐disulfide‐based ligands: Structural insights, theoretical studies, and anticancer activities. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Bulat
- Department of Chemistry Yozgat Bozok University Yozgat Turkey
- Department of Chemistry Marmara University İstanbul Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Gazi Sağlam
- Department of Chemistry Yozgat Bozok University Yozgat Turkey
- Department of Chemistry Marmara University İstanbul Turkey
| | - Celal Tuğrul Zeyrek
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques Çankırı Karatekin University Çankırı Turkey
| | - Senem Akkoç
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science Süleyman Demirel University Isparta Turkey
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science Bahcesehir University İstanbul Turkey
| | - Yunus Zorlu
- Department of Chemistry Gebze Technical University Gebze Turkey
| | - Hakan Dal
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques Anadolu University Eskişehir Turkey
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Abstract
The monothiocarbonate ligand, [S(O)COR]−, is unusual and rare regarding its use in the formation of coordination compounds. Here, we report the synthesis and structures of the silver(I) and gold(I) monothiocarbonate complexes, [{Ag4(SC(O)OiPr)2(2,2′-bpy)4}(PF6)2]n (1) and [Au2{S(O)COiPr}2(dppe)]n (2), respectively. Both complexes are coordination polymers, with 1 being cationic and 2 neutral. The uniqueness of the ligand is that it is monoanionic and contains both a ‘hard’ O-donor ligand and a ‘soft’ S-donor ligand in a O-C-S manifold with, in principle, electron delocalization across the three atoms. However, for both complexes 1 and 2, it was found that the binding occurred exclusively through the S-donor atom, while the C=O portion remained dangling and was not involved in bonding. This bonding mode departs significantly from the symmetrical S-C-S type ligand such as dithiocarbamates. The structures were analysed and confirmed by NMR and X-ray crystallography.
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Housecroft CE, Constable EC. Solar energy conversion using first row d-block metal coordination compound sensitizers and redox mediators. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1225-1262. [PMID: 35222908 PMCID: PMC8809415 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06828h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of renewable energy is essential for the future of the Earth, and solar photons are the ultimate source of energy to satisfy the ever-increasing global energy demands. Photoconversion using dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) is becoming an established technology to contribute to the sustainable energy market, and among state-of-the art DSCs are those which rely on ruthenium(ii) sensitizers and the triiodide/iodide (I3 -/I-) redox mediator. Ruthenium is a critical raw material, and in this review, we focus on the use of coordination complexes of the more abundant first row d-block metals, in particular copper, iron and zinc, as dyes in DSCs. A major challenge in these DSCs is an enhancement of their photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) which currently lag significantly behind those containing ruthenium-based dyes. The redox mediator in a DSC is responsible for regenerating the ground state of the dye. Although the I3 -/I- couple has become an established redox shuttle, it has disadvantages: its redox potential limits the values of the open-circuit voltage (V OC) in the DSC and its use creates a corrosive chemical environment within the DSC which impacts upon the long-term stability of the cells. First row d-block metal coordination compounds, especially those containing cobalt, and copper, have come to the fore in the development of alternative redox mediators and we detail the progress in this field over the last decade, with particular attention to Cu2+/Cu+ redox mediators which, when coupled with appropriate dyes, have achieved V OC values in excess of 1000 mV. We also draw attention to aspects of the recyclability of DSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058 Basel Switzerland
| | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058 Basel Switzerland
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Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical behavior of new bis(fluoroalkyl) ferrocenylphosphonates and their tin tetrachloride complexes. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Sağlam EG, Akkoç S, Acar N, Dal H, Tutsak Ö, Açık L, Çelik SP. New Heterobimetallic Ferrocenyl Dithiophosphonato Cd(II) and Hg(II) Complexes: DNA Interactions, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity Studies of the Cd(II) Complexes. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Senem Akkoç
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Science Suleyman Demirel University 32260 Isparta Turkey
| | - Nurcan Acar
- Department of Chemistry Ankara University 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Hakan Dal
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques Anadolu University 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Özgür Tutsak
- Department of Chemistry Yozgat Bozok University 66900 Yozgat Turkey
| | - Leyla Açık
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gazi University 06800 Ankara Turkey
| | - Süheyla Pınar Çelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gazi University 06800 Ankara Turkey
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Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT studies of N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) methanimine. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mkumbuzi E, van Zyl WE. Synthesis and structures of zinc and cadmium bis(dithiophosphonate) complexes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Shekurov R, Khrizanforov M, Gerasimova T, Yamaleeva Z, Ivshin K, Lakomkina A, Bezkishko I, Kononov A, Sinyashin O, Budnikova Y, Kataeva O, Miluykov V. Electrochemical Properties and Structure of Multi-Ferrocenyl Phosphorus Thioesters. Molecules 2020; 25:E939. [PMID: 32093122 PMCID: PMC7070987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of triferrocenylthiophosphite with elemental sulfur leads to triferrocenyltetrathiophosphate. The molecule of tetrathiophosphate adopts propeller-like all synclinal-conformation of the ferrocenyl fragments respective to the P=S bond. All ferrocenyl groups have nearly ideal eclipsed conformation of the cyclopentadienyl fragments. The Fc3S3P (1), Fc3S3P=O, (2) and Fc3S3P=S (3) demonstrate three reversible and well-separated ferrocenyl-based redox events. The electronic structures of 1-3 have been studied quantum-chemically; the energies and composition of frontier orbitals have been calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Shekurov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Mikhail Khrizanforov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Tatiana Gerasimova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Zilya Yamaleeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Kamil Ivshin
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of the Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Alyona Lakomkina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Ilya Bezkishko
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Aleksandr Kononov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Oleg Sinyashin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Yulia Budnikova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Olga Kataeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
| | - Vasily Miluykov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (R.S.); (T.G.); (Z.Y.); (A.L.); (I.B.); (A.K.); (O.S.); (Y.B.); (O.K.); (V.M.)
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Manar KK, Neetu, Kumari K, Anamika, Yadav CL, Srivastava P, Drew MGB, Singh N. Preparation, Characterization and Photosensitizing Activities of Homoleptic Cu(II) Dithiocarbamates in TiO
2
‐Based DSSC. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K. Manar
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Neetu
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Kavita Kumari
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Anamika
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Chote L. Yadav
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Pankaj Srivastava
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 India
| | - Michael G. B. Drew
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Reading, Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
| | - Nanhai Singh
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 India
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