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Yu XL, Fan YH, Zheng XN, Gao JF, Zhuang LG, Yu YL, Xi JH, Zhang DW. Synthesis of Imidazole-Based Molecules under Ultrasonic Irradiation Approaches. Molecules 2023; 28:4845. [PMID: 37375399 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazole-based compounds are a series of heterocyclic compounds that exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmaceutical activities. However, those extant syntheses using conventional protocols can be time-costly, require harsh conditions, and result in low yields. As a novel and green technique, sonochemistry has emerged as a promising method for organic synthesis with several advantages over conventional methods, including enhancing reaction rates, improving yields, and reducing the use of hazardous solvents. Contemporarily, a growing body of ultrasound-assisted reactions have been applied in the preparation of imidazole derivatives, which demonstrated greater benefits and provided a new strategy. Herein, we introduce the brief history of sonochemistry and focus on the discussion of the multifarious approaches for the synthesis of imidazole-based compounds under ultrasonic irradiation and its advantages in comparison with conventional protocols, including typical name-reactions and various sorts of catalysts in those reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Long Yu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yu-Han Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xu-Nan Zheng
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jing-Fei Gao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Li-Geng Zhuang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yang-Ling Yu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jing-Hui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Ahmad MS, Siddique AB, Khalid M, Ali A, Shaheen MA, Tahir MN, Imran M, Irfan A, Khan MU, Paixão MW. Synthesis, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial efficacy and molecular docking studies of 4-chloro-2-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol and its transition metal complexes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9222-9230. [PMID: 36959880 PMCID: PMC10029809 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08327b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a one-pot synthesis of tetra-substituted imidazole, 4-chloro-2-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol (HL), is reported by the reaction of benzil, 5-bromosalicylaldehyde, ammonium acetate and anisidine. The synthesized imidazole was reacted with salts of 1st row transition metals (Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Mn(ii) and Zn(ii)) to obtain metal complexes. The structure of the compounds was confirmed using various spectroscopic and analytical techniques. HL, which is crystalline, was characterized by SC-XRD. Subsequently, the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Antimicrobial studies revealed the more noxious nature of metal complexes compared to ligand against various strains of bacteria and fungi. Molecular docking results based on the binding energy values also supported the experimental results of the antioxidant activities of the compounds. HL was found to be a better antioxidant than metal complexes. For a better insight into the structure, computational studies of the compounds were also carried out. A clear intra-molecular charge transfer was perceived in the ligand and its metal complexes. The transfer integral values for holes (36.48 meV) were found to be higher than the electron transfer integrals (24.76 meV), which indicated that the ligand would be a better hole transporter. According to the frontier molecular orbitals of the dimer, the charge transfer within the molecule is found from monomer 1 to 2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Akbar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University PO. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University PO. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University PO. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Marcio Weber Paixão
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) São Carlos SP Brazil
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Saha N, Wanjari PJ, Dubey G, Mahawar N, Bharatam PV. Metal-free synthesis of imidazoles and 2-aminoimidazoles. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Grosjean F, Cros‐Perrial E, Braka A, Uttaro J, Chaloin L, Jordheim LP, Peyrottes S, Mathé C. Synthesis and Studies of Potential Inhibitors of CD73 Based on a Triazole Scaffold. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Félix Grosjean
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1019, route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Emeline Cros‐Perrial
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon 69008 Lyon France
| | - Abdenour Braka
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, Université de Montpellier 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Jean‐Pierre Uttaro
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1019, route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Laurent Chaloin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, Université de Montpellier 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Lars Petter Jordheim
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon 69008 Lyon France
| | - Suzanne Peyrottes
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1019, route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Christophe Mathé
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1019, route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
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Borah B, Chowhan LR. Ultrasound-assisted transition-metal-free catalysis: a sustainable route towards the synthesis of bioactive heterocycles. RSC Adv 2022; 12:14022-14051. [PMID: 35558846 PMCID: PMC9092113 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02063g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocycles of synthetic and natural origin are a well-established class of compounds representing a broad range of organic molecules that constitute over 60% of drugs and agrochemicals in the market or research pipeline. Considering the vast abundance of these structural motifs, the development of chemical processes providing easy access to novel complex target molecules by introducing environmentally benign conditions with the main focus on improving the cost-effectiveness of the chemical transformation is highly demanding and challenging. Accordingly, sonochemistry appears to be an excellent alternative and a highly feasible environmentally benign energy input that has recently received considerable and steadily increasing interest in organic synthesis. However, the involvement of transition-metal-catalyst(s) in a chemical process often triggers an unintended impact on the greenness or sustainability of the transformation. Consequently, enormous efforts have been devoted to developing metal-free routes for assembling various heterocycles of medicinal interest, particularly under ultrasound irradiation. The present review article aims to demonstrate a brief overview of the current progress accomplished in the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant diverse heterocycles using transition-metal-free catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar-382030 India
| | - L Raju Chowhan
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar-382030 India
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Xie C, Smaligo AJ, Song XR, Kwon O. Phosphorus-Based Catalysis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:536-558. [PMID: 34056085 PMCID: PMC8155461 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus-based organocatalysis encompasses several subfields that have undergone rapid growth in recent years. This Outlook gives an overview of its various aspects. In particular, we highlight key advances in three topics: nucleophilic phosphine catalysis, organophosphorus catalysis to bypass phosphine oxide waste, and organophosphorus compound-mediated single electron transfer processes. We briefly summarize five additional topics: chiral phosphoric acid catalysis, phosphine oxide Lewis base catalysis, iminophosphorane super base catalysis, phosphonium salt phase transfer catalysis, and frustrated Lewis pair catalysis. Although it is not catalytic in nature, we also discuss novel discoveries that are emerging in phosphorus(V) ligand coupling. We conclude with some ideas about the future of organophosphorus catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmin Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Andrew J. Smaligo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | | | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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Alizadeh A, Farajpour B, Knedel TO, Janiak C. Synthesis of Substituted Phthalimides via Ultrasound-Promoted One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:574-580. [PMID: 33226238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a novel strategy for the straightforward synthesis of substituted phthalimides is described, which includes base-mediated Michael addition/intramolecular cyclization/[1,5]-H shift/cleavage of CS2/aromatization/nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction of 2-(4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)acetates and α,α-dicyanoolefines under ultrasound (US) irradiation. Some advantages of this method are as follows: having simple operation, easily accessible starting materials, chemoselective cascade process, synthetically useful yields, and green conditions by utilizing US irradiation as a source of energy and using ethanol as solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolali Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Farajpour
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tim-Oliver Knedel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, und Strukturchemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, I40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, und Strukturchemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, I40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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