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Halappanavar S, Vogel U, Wallin H, Yauk CL. Promise and peril in nanomedicine: the challenges and needs for integrated systems biology approaches to define health risk. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 10:e1465. [PMID: 28294555 PMCID: PMC5763403 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the 1966s visionary film 'Fantastic Voyage' a submarine crew was shrunk to 100 nm in size and injected into the body of an injured scientist to repair his damaged brain. The movie (written by Harry Kleiner; directed by Richard Fleischer; novel by Isaac Asimov) drew attention to the potential power of engineered nanoscale structures and devices to construct, monitor, control, treat, and repair individual cells. Even more interesting was the fact that the film elegantly noted that the structure had to be miniaturized to a size that is not detected by the body's immune surveillance system, and highlighted the many physiological barriers that are encountered on the submarine's long journey to the target. Although the concept of miniaturizing humans remains an element of science fiction, targeted drug delivery through nanobots to treat diseases such as cancer is now a reality. The ability of nanobots to evade immune surveillance is one of the most attractive features of nanoscale materials that are exploited in the field of medicine for molecular diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and therapy of diseases. This article will provide a concise opinion on the state-of-the-art, the challenges, and the use of systems biology-another equally revolutionary field of science-to assess the unique health hazards of nanomaterial exposures. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2018, 10:e1465. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1465 This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Hakan Wallin
- National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research BureauHealth CanadaOttawaCanada
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Gentile F, Monteferrante M, Chiodo L, Toma A, Coluccio M, Ciccotti G, Di Fabrizio E. Electroless formation of silver nanoaggregates: an experimental and molecular dynamics approach. Mol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2014.902518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Díaz A, González ML, Pérez RJ, David A, Mukherjee A, Báez A, Clearfield A, Colón JL. Direct intercalation of cisplatin into zirconium phosphate nanoplatelets for potential cancer nanotherapy. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:11456-11463. [PMID: 24072038 PMCID: PMC4140787 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02206d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of zirconium phosphate (ZrP) nanoplatelets for the encapsulation of the anticancer drug cisplatin and its delivery to tumor cells. Cisplatin was intercalated into ZrP by direct ion exchange and was tested in vitro for cytotoxicity in the human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. The structural characterization of the intercalated cisplatin in ZrP suggests that during the intercalation process, the chloride ligands of the cisplatin complex were substituted by phosphate groups within the layers. Consequently, a new phosphate phase with the platinum complex directly bound to ZrP (cisPt@ZrP) is produced with an interlayer distance of 9.3 Å. The in vitro release profile of the intercalated drug upon a pH stimulus shows that at low pH under lysosomal conditions the platinum complex is released with simultaneous hydrolysis of the zirconium phosphate material, while at higher pH the complex is not released. Experiments with the MCF-7 cell line show that cisPt@ZrP reduced the cell viability up to 40%. The cisPt@ZrP intercalation product is envisioned as a future nanotherapy agent against cancer. Taking advantage of the shape and sizes of the ZrP particles and controlled release of the drug at low pH, it is intended to exploit the enhanced permeability and retention effect of tumors, as well as their intrinsic acidity, for the destruction of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Díaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 23346, Río Piedras, PR 00931-3346, USA. Tel: (1) 787 764-0000 xt. 3220;
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA. Tel: (1) 979 845-2936;
| | - Millie L. González
- Departments of Pharmacology and Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA. Tel: (1) 787 758-2525 xt 1366;
| | - Riviam J. Pérez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 23346, Río Piedras, PR 00931-3346, USA. Tel: (1) 787 764-0000 xt. 3220;
| | - Amanda David
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 23346, Río Piedras, PR 00931-3346, USA. Tel: (1) 787 764-0000 xt. 3220;
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA. Tel: (1) 979 845-2936;
| | - Atashi Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA. Tel: (1) 979 845-2936;
| | - Adriana Báez
- Departments of Pharmacology and Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA. Tel: (1) 787 758-2525 xt 1366;
| | - Abraham Clearfield
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA. Tel: (1) 979 845-2936;
| | - Jorge L. Colón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 23346, Río Piedras, PR 00931-3346, USA. Tel: (1) 787 764-0000 xt. 3220;
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Sundaram SK, Sacksteder CA, Weber TJ, Riley BJ, Addleman RS, Harrer BJ, Peterman JW. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for rapid screening and live-cell monitoring: application to nanotoxicology. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 8:145-56. [PMID: 23256497 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant challenge to realize the full potential of nanotechnology for therapeutic and diagnostic applications is to understand and evaluate how live cells interact with an external stimulus, such as a nanosized particle, and the toxicity and broad risk associated with these stimuli. It is difficult to capture the complexity and dynamics of these interactions by following omics-based approaches exclusively, which can be expensive and time-consuming. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is well suited to provide noninvasive live-cell monitoring of cellular responses to potentially toxic nanosized particles or other stimuli. This alternative approach provides the ability to carry out rapid toxicity screenings and nondisruptive monitoring of live-cell cultures. We review the technical basis of the approach, the instrument configuration and interface with the biological media, the various effects that impact the data, subsequent data analysis and toxicity, and present some preliminary results on live-cell monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sundaram
- Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802, USA.
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Kiparissides C, Kammona O. Nanoscale carriers for targeted delivery of drugs and therapeutic biomolecules. CAN J CHEM ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.21685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Díaz A, David A, Pérez R, González ML, Báez A, Wark SE, Zhang P, Clearfield A, Colón JL. Nanoencapsulation of insulin into zirconium phosphate for oral delivery applications. Biomacromolecules 2011; 11:2465-70. [PMID: 20707305 DOI: 10.1021/bm100659p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulation of insulin into different kinds of materials for noninvasive delivery is an important field of study because of the many drawbacks of painful needle and syringe delivery such as physiological stress, infection, and local hypertrophy, among others (Khafagy, E.-S.; et al. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2007, 59 (15), 1521-1546). A stable, robust, nontoxic, and viable noninvasive carrier for insulin delivery is needed. We present a new approach for protein nanoencapsulation using layered zirconium phosphate (ZrP) nanoparticles produced without any preintercalator present. The use of ZrP without preintercalators produces a highly pure material, without any kinds of contaminants, such as the preintercalator, which can be noxious. Cytotoxicity cell viability in vitro experiments for the ZrP nanoparticles show that ZrP is not toxic, or harmful, in a biological environment, as previously reported for rats (Zhu, Z. Y.; et al. Mater. Sci. Forum 2009, 620-622, 307-310). Contrary to previous preintercalator-based methods, we show that insulin can be nanoencapsulated in ZrP if a highly hydrate phase of ZrP with an interlayer distance of 10.3 Å (10.3 Å-ZrP or θ-ZrP) is used as a precursor. The intercalation of insulin into ZrP produced a new insulin-intercalated ZrP phase with about a 27 A interlayer distance, as determined by X-ray powder diffraction, demonstrating a successful nanoencapsulation of the hormone. The in vitro release profile of the hormone after the intercalation was determined and circular dichroism was used to study the hormone stability upon intercalation and release. The insulin remains stable in the layered material, at room temperature, for a considerable amount of time, improving the shell life of the peptidic hormone. This type of material represents a strong candidate to developing a noninvasive insulin carrier for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Díaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 23346, Río Piedras, Puerto Rico
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Pecot CV, Calin GA, Coleman RL, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. RNA interference in the clinic: challenges and future directions. Nat Rev Cancer 2011; 11:59-67. [PMID: 21160526 PMCID: PMC3199132 DOI: 10.1038/nrc2966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 605] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inherent difficulties with blocking many desirable targets using conventional approaches have prompted many to consider using RNA interference (RNAi) as a therapeutic approach. Although exploitation of RNAi has immense potential as a cancer therapeutic, many physiological obstacles stand in the way of successful and efficient delivery. This Review explores current challenges to the development of synthetic RNAi-based therapies and considers new approaches to circumvent biological barriers, to avoid intolerable side effects and to achieve controlled and sustained release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad V Pecot
- U.T. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Philpott CM, Gane S, McKiernan D. Nanomedicine in otorhinolaryngology: what does the future hold? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 268:489-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-010-1418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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NanoParticle Ontology for cancer nanotechnology research. J Biomed Inform 2010; 44:59-74. [PMID: 20211274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Data generated from cancer nanotechnology research are so diverse and large in volume that it is difficult to share and efficiently use them without informatics tools. In particular, ontologies that provide a unifying knowledge framework for annotating the data are required to facilitate the semantic integration, knowledge-based searching, unambiguous interpretation, mining and inferencing of the data using informatics methods. In this paper, we discuss the design and development of NanoParticle Ontology (NPO), which is developed within the framework of the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), and implemented in the Ontology Web Language (OWL) using well-defined ontology design principles. The NPO was developed to represent knowledge underlying the preparation, chemical composition, and characterization of nanomaterials involved in cancer research. Public releases of the NPO are available through BioPortal website, maintained by the National Center for Biomedical Ontology. Mechanisms for editorial and governance processes are being developed for the maintenance, review, and growth of the NPO.
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Ferrari M. Frontiers in cancer nanomedicine: directing mass transport through biological barriers. Trends Biotechnol 2010; 28:181-8. [PMID: 20079548 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The physics of mass transport within body compartments and across biological barriers differentiates cancers from healthy tissues. Variants of nanoparticles can be manufactured in combinatorially large sets, varying by only one transport-affecting design parameter at a time. Nanoparticles can also be used as building blocks for systems that perform sequences of coordinated actions, in accordance with a prescribed logic. We refer to these as Logic-Embedded Vectors (LEVs). Nanoparticles and LEVs are ideal probes for the determination of mass transport laws in tumors, acting as imaging contrast enhancers, and can be employed for lesion-selective delivery of therapy. Their size, shape, density and surface chemistry dominate convective transport in the bloodstream, margination, cell adhesion, selective cellular uptake, as well as sub-cellular trafficking and localization. As argued here, the understanding of transport differentials in cancer, termed 'transport oncophysics', reveals a promising new frontier in oncology: the development of lesion-specific delivery particulates that exploit mass transport differentials to deploy treatment of greater efficacy and reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Ferrari
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHSC-H), Department of NanoMedicine and Biomedical Engineering, 1825 Pressler, Suite 537, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Lee SY, Ferrari M, Decuzzi P. Shaping nano-/micro-particles for enhanced vascular interaction in laminar flows. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:495101. [PMID: 19904027 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/49/495101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Non-spherical nano-/micro-particles can drift laterally (hydrodynamic margination) in a linear laminar flow under the concurrent effect of hydrodynamic and inertial forces. Such a feature can be exploited in the rational design of particle-based intravascular and pulmonary delivery systems and for designing new flow fractioning systems for high-throughput particle separation. A general approach is presented to predict the marginating behavior of non-spherical particles. The lateral drift velocity is shown to depend on the particle Stokes number St(a) and to grow with the size, density and rotational inertia of the particle. Elongated particles, in particular, low aspect ratio discoidal particles, exhibit the largest propensity to marginate in a linear laminar flow. In the blood microcirculation, at low shear rates (S<100 s(-1)), non-spherical particles oscillate around their trajectory and margination can only be achieved through the application of external force fields (gravitational, magnetic); whereas for larger S (100 s(-1)<S<10(4) s(-1)), micrometer particles can achieve drift velocities in the order of 1-10 microm s(-1). In the pulmonary circulation, hydrodynamic margination can be observed even for sub-micrometer particles. Finally, the inherent propensity of non-spherical particles to drift laterally can be effectively exploited for designing microfluidic devices, based on the flow fractioning approach, for particle separation without using external lateral force fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei-Young Lee
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Bewick S, Yang R, Zhang M. Complex mathematical models of biology at the nanoscale. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 1:650-9. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Riehemann K, Schneider S, Luger T, Godin B, Ferrari M, Fuchs H. Nanomedizin - Herausforderung und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Riehemann K, Schneider SW, Luger TA, Godin B, Ferrari M, Fuchs H. Nanomedicine--challenge and perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:872-97. [PMID: 19142939 PMCID: PMC4175737 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 822] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology concepts to medicine joins two large cross-disciplinary fields with an unprecedented societal and economical potential arising from the natural combination of specific achievements in the respective fields. The common basis evolves from the molecular-scale properties relevant to the two fields. Local probes and molecular imaging techniques allow surface and interface properties to be characterized on a nanometer scale at predefined locations, while chemical approaches offer the opportunity to elaborate and address surfaces, for example, for targeted drug delivery, enhanced biocompatibility, and neuroprosthetic purposes. However, concerns arise in this cross-disciplinary area about toxicological aspects and ethical implications. This Review gives an overview of selected recent developments and applications of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Riehemann
- Dr. K. Riehemann, Prof. Dr. H. Fuchs, Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Physical Institute; WWU Münster, Wilhelm Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax:+49 (251) 83 33602, , Homepage: http://www.uni-muenster.de/Physik.PI/Fuchs/
| | | | | | | | | | - Harald Fuchs
- Dr. K. Riehemann, Prof. Dr. H. Fuchs, Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Physical Institute; WWU Münster, Wilhelm Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax:+49 (251) 83 33602, , Homepage: http://www.uni-muenster.de/Physik.PI/Fuchs/
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Sanhai WR, Sakamoto JH, Canady R, Ferrari M. Seven challenges for nanomedicine. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 3:242-244. [PMID: 18654511 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2008.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy R Sanhai
- The Office of the Commissioner, Food & Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Ferrari
- Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, Biomedical Engineering; University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston TX; Rice University Houston TX, USA
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