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Jiang Q, Wu Y, Wang F, Zhu P, Li R, Zhao Y, Huang Y, Wu X, Zhao S, Li Y, Wang B, Gao D, Zhang R. Floating Bimetallic Catalysts for Growing 30 cm-Long Carbon Nanotube Arrays with High Yields and Uniformity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402257. [PMID: 38831681 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Ultralong carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered as promising candidates for many cutting-edge applications. However, restricted by the extremely low yields of ultralong CNTs, their practical applications can hardly be realized. Therefore, new methodologies shall be developed to boost the growth efficiency of ultralong CNTs and alleviate their areal density decay at the macroscale level. Herein, a facile, universal, and controllable method for the in situ synthesis of floating bimetallic catalysts (FBCs) is proposed to grow ultralong CNT arrays with high yields and uniformity. Ferrocene and metal acetylacetonates serve as catalyst precursors, affording the successful synthesis of a series of FBCs with controllable compositions. Among these FBCs, the optimized FeCu catalyst increases the areal density of ultralong CNT arrays to a record-breaking value of ≈8100 CNTs mm-1 and exhibits a lifetime 3.40 times longer than that of Fe, thus achieving both high yields and uniformity. A 30-centimeters-long and high-density ultralong CNT array is also successfully grown with the assistance of FeCu catalysts. As evidenced by this kinetic model and molecular dynamics simulations, the introduction of Cu into Fe can simultaneously improve the catalyst fluidity and decrease carbon solubility, and an optimal catalytic performance will be achieved by balancing this tradeoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Run Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanlong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xueke Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Siming Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yunrui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Baoshun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Di Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Jiang Q, Wang F, Li R, Li B, Wei N, Gao N, Xu H, Zhao S, Huang Y, Wang B, Zhang W, Wu X, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Shi E, Zhang R. Synthesis of Ultralong Carbon Nanotubes with Ultrahigh Yields. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:523-532. [PMID: 36622363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ultralong carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are in huge demand in many cutting-edge fields due to their macroscale lengths, perfect structures, and extraordinary properties, while their practical application is limited by the difficulties in their mass production. Herein, we report the synthesis of ultralong CNTs with a dramatically increased yield by a simple but efficient substrate interception and direction strategy (SIDS), which couples the advantages of floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition with the flying-kite-like growth mechanism of ultralong CNTs. The SIDS-assisted approach prominently improves the catalyst utilization and significantly increases the yield. The areal density of the ultralong CNT arrays with length of over 1 cm reached a record-breaking value of ∼6700 CNTs mm-1, which is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the previously reported values obtained by traditional methods. The SIDS provides a solution for synthesizing high-quality ultralong CNTs with high yields, laying the foundation for their mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Baini Li
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wei
- Research Center for Carbon-based Electronics and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningfei Gao
- Beijing HuaTanYuanXin Electronics Technology Ltd. Co., Beijing 101399, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Xu
- Beijing HuaTanYuanXin Electronics Technology Ltd. Co., Beijing 101399, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Carbon-based Integrated Circuits, Beijing 100195, People's Republic of China
| | - Siming Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuo Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueke Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Enzheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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Liu T, Chen S, Liu H. Oil Adsorption and Reuse Performance of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.01.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liu B, Wang C, Liu J, Che Y, Zhou C. Aligned carbon nanotubes: from controlled synthesis to electronic applications. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:9483-9502. [PMID: 23969970 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02595k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) possess superior geometrical, electronic, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties and are very attractive for applications in electronic devices and circuits. To make this a reality, the nanotube orientation, density, diameter, electronic property, and even chirality should be well controlled. This Feature article focuses on recent achievements researchers have made on the controlled growth of horizontally aligned SWNTs and SWNT arrays on substrates and their electronic applications. Principles and strategies to control the morphology, structure, and properties of SWNTs are reviewed in detail. Furthermore, electrical properties of field-effect transistors fabricated on both individual SWNTs and aligned SWNT arrays are discussed. State-of-the-art electronic devices and circuits based on aligned SWNTs and SWNT arrays are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilu Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
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Hu Y, Chen Y, Li P, Zhang J. Sorting out semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube arrays by washing off metallic tubes using SDS aqueous solution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:1306-1311. [PMID: 23505123 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube (s-SWNT) arrays are produced via a procedure analogous to a surfactant-assisted decontamination process. Aligned individual SWNT arrays grow on a quartz surface as a mixture of metallic SWNTs (m-SWNTs) and s-SWNTs. They are immersed in a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution, and the SDS molecules selectively adsorb onto m-SWNTs. This SDS coating minimizes the interaction between m-SWNTs and the substrate, thus the m-SWNTs are easily washed off during ultrasonication while the s-SWNT arrays remain on the substrate. The percentage of s-SWNTs in the arrays can be higher than 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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Ibrahim I, Bachmatiuk A, Warner JH, Büchner B, Cuniberti G, Rümmeli MH. CVD-grown horizontally aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes: synthesis routes and growth mechanisms. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:1973-92. [PMID: 22619167 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have attractive electrical and physical properties, which make them very promising for use in various applications. For some applications however, in particular those involving electronics, SWCNTs need to be synthesized with a high degree of control with respect to yield, length, alignment, diameter, and chirality. With this in mind, a great deal of effort is being directed to the precision control of vertically and horizontally aligned nanotubes. In this review the focus is on the latter, horizontally aligned tubes grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The reader is provided with an in-depth review of the established vapor deposition orientation techniques. Detailed discussions on the characterization routes, growth parameters, and growth mechanisms are also provided.
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Zhou X, Boey F, Huo F, Huang L, Zhang H. Chemically functionalized surface patterning. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:2273-89. [PMID: 21678549 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201002381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Patterning substrates with versatile chemical functionalities from micro- to nanometer scale is a long-standing and interesting topic. This review provides an overview of a range of techniques commonly used for surface patterning. The first section briefly introduces conventional micropatterning tools, such as photolithography and microcontact printing. The second section focuses on the currently used nanolithographic techniques, for example, scanning probe lithography (SPL), and their applications in surface patterning. Their advantages and disadvantages are also demonstrated. In the last section, dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) is emphatically illustrated, with a particular stress on the patterning and applications of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhu Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Li P, Zhang J. Sorting out semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube arrays by preferential destruction of metallic tubes using water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm10399g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li H, Cao X, Li B, Zhou X, Lu G, Liusman C, He Q, Boey F, Venkatraman SS, Zhang H. Single-layer graphene oxide sheet: a novel substrate for dip-pen nanolithography. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10070-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc12648b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Zhou X, Boey F, Zhang H. Controlled growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes on patterned substrates. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:5221-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15045f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li B, Cao X, Ong HG, Cheah JW, Zhou X, Yin Z, Li H, Wang J, Boey F, Huang W, Zhang H. All-carbon electronic devices fabricated by directly grown single-walled carbon nanotubes on reduced graphene oxide electrodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:3058-3061. [PMID: 20518046 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Hong SW, Banks T, Rogers JA. Improved density in aligned arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes by sequential chemical vapor deposition on quartz. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:1826-1830. [PMID: 20512955 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200903238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suck Won Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Yin Z, He Q, Huang X, Lu G, Hng HH, Chen H, Xue C, Yan Q, Boey F, Zhang Q, Zhang H. Generation of dual patterns of metal oxide nanomaterials based on seed-mediated selective growth. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:4616-4619. [PMID: 20201605 DOI: 10.1021/la100345b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A facile route for the generation of the dual patterns of metal oxide nanomaterials, for example, ZnO and CuO, has been developed by printing the oxide seeds through a combination of microcontact printing (microCP) and microfluidic (microF) techniques, followed by the simultaneous growth of the two metal oxide nanomaterials in a one-step solution reaction based on hydrothermal, seed-mediated selective growth. The obtained dual patterns of ZnO nanorods and CuO nanoneedles show a sharp boundary between them, indicating well-defined dual-pattern generation. Also, the simultaneous growth of metal oxide nanomaterials is highly material-selective for the specific seeds prepatterned on substrates, resulting in the selective growth of ZnO nanorods and CuO nanoneedles on the ZnO and CuO seeds, respectively. Moreover, the generation of high-quality dual patterns has been similarly realized on a flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) wafer. This study demonstrates the well-controlled hydrothermal growth of different metal oxide nanomaterials in the same reaction solution on the preprinted oxide seeds on the target substrates. It opens up an avenue to develop multifunctional devices of different metal oxides with the combination of microCP and microF techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyou Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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Zeng Z, Zhou X, Huang X, Wang Z, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Boey F, Zhang H. Electrochemical deposition of Pt nanoparticles on carbon nanotube patterns for glucose detection. Analyst 2010; 135:1726-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c000316f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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