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Shokova MA, Bochenkov VE. Impact of Optical Cavity on Refractive Index Sensitivity of Gold Nanohole Arrays. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:1038. [PMID: 38131798 PMCID: PMC10741978 DOI: 10.3390/bios13121038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Refractive index sensing based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a highly efficient label-free technique for biomolecular detection. The performance of this method is defined by the dielectric properties of a sensing layer and its structure. Nanohole arrays in thin metal films provide good refractive index sensitivity but often suffer from a large resonance linewidth, which limits their broad practical application in biosensorics. Coupling the broad plasmon modes to sharp resonances can reduce the peak widths, but at the same time it can also degrade the sensitivity. Here, we use Finite-Difference Time Domain simulations to study the factors affecting the sensing performance of gold-silica-gold optical cavities with nanohole arrays in the dielectric and top metal layers. We demonstrate that by tuning resonator size and inter-hole spacing, the performance of the biosensor can be optimized and the figure of merit of the order of 5-7 is reached.
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2
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Oubeniz H, Belkacem A, Mangach H, Kadic M, Bouzid A, Achaoui Y. Controlled Dispersion and Transmission-Absorption of Optical Energy through Scaled Metallic Plate Structures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6146. [PMID: 37763424 PMCID: PMC10532763 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The dispersive feature of metals at higher frequencies has opened up a plethora of applications in plasmonics. Besides, Extraordinary Optical Transmission (EOT) reported by Ebbesen et al. in the late 90's has sparked particular interest among the scientific community through the unprecedented and singular way to steer and enhance optical energies. The purpose of the present paper is to shed light on the effect of the scaling parameter over the whole structure, to cover the range from the near-infrared to the visible, on the transmission and the absorption properties. We further bring specific attention to the dispersive properties, easily extractable from the resonance frequency of the drilled tiny slits within the structure. A perfect matching between the analytical Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA), and the numerical Finite Elements Method (FEM) to describe the underlying mechanisms is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammou Oubeniz
- Laboratory of Optics, Information Processing, Mechanics, Energetics and Electronics, Department of Physics, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknes B.P. 11201, Morocco; (H.O.); (A.B.); (Y.A.)
| | - Abdelhaq Belkacem
- Laboratory of Optics, Information Processing, Mechanics, Energetics and Electronics, Department of Physics, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknes B.P. 11201, Morocco; (H.O.); (A.B.); (Y.A.)
| | - Hicham Mangach
- Light, Nanomaterials Nanotechnologies (L2n), CNRS-ERL 7004, Université de Technologie de Troyes, 10000 Troyes, France
| | - Muamer Kadic
- Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR 6174, CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Abdenbi Bouzid
- Laboratory of Optics, Information Processing, Mechanics, Energetics and Electronics, Department of Physics, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknes B.P. 11201, Morocco; (H.O.); (A.B.); (Y.A.)
| | - Younes Achaoui
- Laboratory of Optics, Information Processing, Mechanics, Energetics and Electronics, Department of Physics, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknes B.P. 11201, Morocco; (H.O.); (A.B.); (Y.A.)
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3
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Fujiwara S, Hata M, Onohara I, Kawasaki D, Sueyoshi K, Hisamoto H, Suzuki M, Yasukawa T, Endo T. Dielectrophoretic trapping of nanosized biomolecules on plasmonic nanohole arrays for biosensor applications: simple fabrication and visible-region detection. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21118-21126. [PMID: 37449027 PMCID: PMC10337744 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03245k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance is an optical phenomenon that can be applied for label-free, real-time sensing to directly measure biomolecular interactions and detect biomarkers in solutions. Previous studies using plasmonic nanohole arrays have monitored and detected various biomolecules owing to the propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) that occurs in the near-infrared (NIR) and infrared (IR) regions is usually used for detection. Although these plasmonic nanohole arrays improve the sensitivity and throughput for biomolecular detection, these arrays have the following disadvantages: (1) molecular diffusion in the solution (making the detection of biomolecules difficult), (2) the device fabrication's complexities, and (3) expensive equipments for detection in the NIR or IR regions. Therefore, there is a need to fabricate plasmonic nanohole arrays as biomolecular detection platforms using a simple and highly reproducible procedure based on other SPP modes in the visible region instead of the EOT in the NIR or IR regions while suppressing molecular diffusion in the solution. In this paper, we propose the combination of a polymer-based gold nanohole array (Au NHA) obtained through an easy process as a simple platform and dielectrophoresis (DEP) as a biomolecule manipulation method. This approach was experimentally demonstrated using SPP and LSPR modes (not EOT) in the visible region and simple, label-free, rapid, cost-effective trapping and enrichment of nanoparticles (trapping time: <50 s) and bovine serum albumin (trapping time: <1000 s) was realized. These results prove that the Au NHA-based DEP devices have great potential for real-time digital and Raman bioimaging, in addition to biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Fujiwara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Misaki Hata
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori Ako Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Ikumi Onohara
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori Ako Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Daiki Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) 5-3 Yonban-cho, Chiyoda Tokyo 102-8666 Japan
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori Ako Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
- Advanced Medical Engineering Research Institute, University of Hyogo Hyogo Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yasukawa
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori Ako Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
- Advanced Medical Engineering Research Institute, University of Hyogo Hyogo Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
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4
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Yang K, Li M. The Sensitivity of a Hexagonal Au Nanohole Array under Different Incident Angles. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:654. [PMID: 37367019 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance sensors have been widely used in various fields for label-free and real-time detection of biochemical species due to their high sensitivity to the refractive index change of the surrounding environment. The common practices to achieve the improvement of sensitivity are to adjust the size and morphology of the sensor structure. This strategy is tedious and, to some extent, limits the applications of surface plasmon resonance sensors. Instead, the effect of the incident angle of excited light on the sensitivity of a hexagonal Au nanohole array sensor with a period of 630 nm and a hole diameter of 320 nm is theoretically investigated in this work. By exploring the peak shift of reflectance spectra of the sensor when facing a refractive index change in (1) the bulk environment and (2) the surface environment adjacent to the sensor, we can obtain the bulk sensitivity and surface sensitivity. The results show that the bulk sensitivity and surface sensitivity of the Au nanohole array sensor can be improved by 80% and 150%, respectively, by simply increasing the incident angle from 0° to 40°. The two sensitivities both remain nearly unchanged when the incident angle further changes from 40° to 50°. This work provides new understanding of the performance improvement and advanced sensing applications of surface plasmon resonance sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Meiying Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
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5
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Ung TPL, Quélin X, Laverdant J, Fulcrand R, Hermier JP, Buil S. Localization of plasmon modes in a 2D photonic nanostructure with a controlled disorder. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:20776-20785. [PMID: 34266159 DOI: 10.1364/oe.424970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the optical properties of disordered hole arrays etched in a gold thin film. The disorder is induced and controlled using hole displacements following a Gaussian distribution and starting from a periodic array. The nanostructures present a transition from ordered arrays to short-range ordered arrays and random arrays by increasing the disorder amount. The associated optical properties are characterized in far and near fields by complementary approaches (absorption spectroscopy, classical scanning near field optical microscopy (SNOM) and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations). By increasing the disorder, a broadened absorption up to 30% in the far-field is achieved. Experiments in agreement with FDTD simulations point out the energy localization induced by the disorder and the dependence on the amount of disorder and on the excitation wavelength. By using a controlled disorder, we also show that the effect of these two parameters is also closely linked.
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Hopmann E, Carnio BN, Firby CJ, Shahriar BY, Elezzabi AY. Nanoscale All-Solid-State Plasmochromic Waveguide Nonresonant Modulator. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:1955-1961. [PMID: 33600179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasmochromics, the interaction of plasmons with an electrochromic material, have spawned a new class of active plasmonic devices. By introducing electrochromic materials into the plasmon's dielectric environment, plasmons can be actively manipulated. We introduce inorganic WO3 and ion conducting LiNbO3 layers as the core materials in a solid-state plasmochromic waveguide (PCWG) to demonstrate light modulation in a nanoplasmonic waveguide. The PCWG takes advantage of the high plasmonic loss at the high field located at the WO3/Au interface, where the Li+ ions are intercalated into a thin WO3 plasmon modulating layer. Through careful PCWG design, the direction for ion diffusion and plasmon propagation are decoupled, leading to enhanced modulation depth and fast EC switching times. We show that at a bias voltage of 2.5 V, the fabricated PCWG modulator achieves modulation depths as high as 20 and 38 dB for 10 and 20 μm long devices, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Hopmann
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Brett N Carnio
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Curtis J Firby
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Basem Y Shahriar
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Abdulhakem Y Elezzabi
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
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Nair S, Gomez-Cruz J, Ascanio G, Docoslis A, Sabat RG, Escobedo C. Cicada Wing Inspired Template-Stripped SERS Active 3D Metallic Nanostructures for the Detection of Toxic Substances. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21051699. [PMID: 33801222 PMCID: PMC7957863 DOI: 10.3390/s21051699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article introduces a bioinspired, cicada wing-like surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on template-stripped crossed surface relief grating (TS-CSRG). The substrate is polarization-independent, has tunable nanofeatures and can be fabricated in a cleanroom-free environment via holographic exposure followed by template-stripping using a UV-curable resin. The bioinspired nanostructures in the substrate are strategically designed to minimize the reflection of light for wavelengths shorter than their periodicity, promoting enhanced plasmonic regions for the Raman excitation wavelength at 632.8 nm over a large area. The grating pitch that enables an effective SERS signal is studied using Rhodamine 6G, with enhancement factors of the order of 1 × 104. Water contact angle measurements reveal that the TS-CSRGs are equally hydrophobic to cicada wings, providing them with potential self-cleaning and bactericidal properties. Finite-difference time-domain simulations are used to validate the nanofabrication parameters and to further confirm the polarization-independent electromagnetic field enhancement of the nanostructures. As a real-world application, label-free detection of melamine up to 1 ppm, the maximum concentration of the contaminant in food permitted by the World Health Organization, is demonstrated. The new bioinspired functional TS-CSRG SERS substrate holds great potential as a large-area, label-free SERS-active substrate for medical and biochemical sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijit Nair
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.N.); (J.G.-C.); (A.D.)
| | - Juan Gomez-Cruz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.N.); (J.G.-C.); (A.D.)
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico (ICAT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cto. Exterior S/N, C.U., Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel Ascanio
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico (ICAT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cto. Exterior S/N, C.U., Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Aristides Docoslis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.N.); (J.G.-C.); (A.D.)
| | - Ribal Georges Sabat
- Department of Physics and Space Science, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada;
| | - Carlos Escobedo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.N.); (J.G.-C.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Ahmadivand A, Gerislioglu B, Ramezani Z, Kaushik A, Manickam P, Ghoreishi SA. Functionalized terahertz plasmonic metasensors: Femtomolar-level detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 177:112971. [PMID: 33434777 PMCID: PMC7787065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Effective and efficient management of human betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 virus infection i.e., COVID-19 pandemic, required sensitive and selective sensors with short sample-to-result durations for performing desired diagnostics. In this direction, one appropriate alternative approach to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus protein at low level i.e., femtomolar (fM) is exploring plasmonic metasensor technology for COVID-19 diagnostics, which offers exquisite opportunities in advanced healthcare programs, and modern clinical diagnostics. The intrinsic merits of plasmonic metasensors stem from their capability to squeeze electromagnetic fields, simultaneously in frequency, time, and space. However, the detection of low-molecular weight biomolecules at low densities is a typical drawback of conventional metasensors that has recently been addressed using toroidal metasurface technology. This research is focused on the fabrication of a miniaturized plasmonic immunosensor based on toroidal electrodynamics concept that can sustain robustly confined plasmonic modes with ultranarrow lineshapes in the terahertz (THz) frequencies. By exciting toroidal dipole mode using our quasi-infinite metasurface and a judiciously optimized protocol based on functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with the specific monoclonal antibody specific to spike protein (S1) of SARS-CoV-2 virus onto the metasurface, the resonance shifts for diverse concentrations of the spike protein are monitored. Possessing molecular weight around ~76 kDa allowed to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus protein with significantly low as limit of detection (LoD) was achieved as ~4.2 fM. We envisage that outcomes of this research will pave the way toward the use of toroidal metasensors as practical technologies for rapid and precise screening of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus carriers, symptomatic or asymptomatic, and spike proteins in hospitals, clinics, laboratories, and site of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ahmadivand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX, 77005, United States; Metamaterial Technologies Inc, Pleasanton, CA, 94588, United States.
| | - Burak Gerislioglu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX, 77005, United States
| | - Zeinab Ramezani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art, & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, 33805, United States
| | - Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Amir Ghoreishi
- Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Electrical Engineering, Varamin (Pishva) Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
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Bochenkov VE, Lobanova EM, Shakhov AM, Astafiev AA, Bogdanov AM, Timoshenko VA, Bochenkova AV. Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence of EGFP on Short-Range Ordered Ag Nanohole Arrays. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122563. [PMID: 33419362 PMCID: PMC7767041 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence of organic molecules can be enhanced by plasmonic nanostructures through coupling to their locally amplified electromagnetic field, resulting in higher brightness and better photostability of fluorophores, which is particularly important for bioimaging applications involving fluorescent proteins as genetically encoded biomarkers. Here, we show that a hybrid bionanosystem comprised of a monolayer of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) covalently linked to optically thin Ag films with short-range ordered nanohole arrays can exhibit up to 6-fold increased brightness. The largest enhancement factor is observed for nanohole arrays with a propagating surface plasmon mode, tuned to overlap with both excitation and emission of EGFP. The fluorescence lifetime measurements in combination with FDTD simulations provide in-depth insight into the origin of the fluorescence enhancement, showing that the effect is due to the local amplification of the optical field near the edges of the nanoholes. Our results pave the way to improving the photophysical properties of hybrid bionanosystems based on fluorescent proteins at the interface with easily fabricated and tunable plasmonic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir E. Bochenkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.M.L.); (A.A.A.); (V.A.T.)
- Correspondence: (V.E.B.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Ekaterina M. Lobanova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.M.L.); (A.A.A.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Aleksander M. Shakhov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Artyom A. Astafiev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.M.L.); (A.A.A.); (V.A.T.)
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey M. Bogdanov
- Shemiakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vadim A. Timoshenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.M.L.); (A.A.A.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Anastasia V. Bochenkova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.M.L.); (A.A.A.); (V.A.T.)
- Correspondence: (V.E.B.); (A.V.B.)
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10
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Cesaria M, Taurino A, Manera MG, Rella R. Short-range ordered 2D nanoholes: lattice-model and novel insight into the impact of coordination geometry and packing on their propagating-mode transmittance features. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4133-4146. [PMID: 36132775 PMCID: PMC9418837 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optically thin perforated gold films, fabricated using template colloidal masks self-assembled by following an elsewhere described simplified colloidal lithography protocol, are presented and discussed with the aim to develop a theory of short-range ordered nanoholes without straightforwardly extending concepts strictly related to periodic nanoholes. By Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis of the evolution of nanohole short-range ordering and spatial coordination geometry under increasing interhole average spacing (d NN), unprecedented differences in the spectroscopic response are pointed out with respect to periodic systems. First, the dependence of the wavelength of a propagating plasmon mode on d NN is demonstrated to deviate from the linear relationship predicted by the grating-coupling picture developed for periodic arrays. Second, d NN cannot be straightforwardly interpreted as the counterpart of the lattice constant of periodic nanoholes, which demands to introduce a conceptually more rigorous periodicity-like length-scale. Once the impact of these findings on setting the operating parameters of a nanohole distribution is demonstrated, they are related, experimentally and by using a theoretical model developed by the authors, to the changes of the local coordination geometry (from quasi-hexagonal to quasi-square packing through mixed hexagonal-square coordination) induced by varying d NN over a wide interval. Autocorrelation analysis of SEM images is exploited to estimate a short-range periodicity-like length-scale, as a conceptual advance for laying the foundation of the concept of short-range ordered nanohole lattices and for deeper insight into the spectral response. As discussion is based on realistic, rather than simulated, evolution of colloidal arrangements, the formulated interpretative model accounts for realistic effects impacting transmission resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Cesaria
- IMM-CNR Lecce, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems Campus Ecotekne, prov. le per Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Antonietta Taurino
- IMM-CNR Lecce, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems Campus Ecotekne, prov. le per Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Manera
- IMM-CNR Lecce, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems Campus Ecotekne, prov. le per Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Roberto Rella
- IMM-CNR Lecce, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems Campus Ecotekne, prov. le per Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
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11
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Hopmann E, Elezzabi AY. Plasmochromic Nanocavity Dynamic Light Color Switching. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1876-1882. [PMID: 32049542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Static plasmonic metal-insulator-nanohole (MIN) cavities have been shown to create high chromaticity spectral colors for display applications. While on-off switching of said devices has been demonstrated, introducing active control over the spectral color of a single cavity is an ongoing challenge. Electrochromic oxides such as tungsten oxide (WO3) offer the possibility to tune their refractive index (2.1-1.8) and extinction (0-0.5) upon ion insertion, allowing active control over resonance conditions for MIN based devices. In combination with the dynamic change in the WO3 layer, the utilization of a plasmonic superstructure allows creation of well-defined spectral reflection of the nanocavity. Here, we employ inorganic, electrochromic WO3 as the tunable dielectric in a MIN nanocavity, resulting in a theoretically achievable resonance wavelength modulation from 601 to 505 nm, while maintaining 35% of reflectance intensity. Experimental values for the spectral modulation result in a 64 nm shift of peak wavelength with high reproducibility and fast switching speed. Remarkably, the introduced device shows electrochemical stability over 100 switching cycles while most of the intercalated charge can be regained (91.1%), leading to low power consumption (5.6 mW/cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Hopmann
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Abdulhakem Y Elezzabi
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2V4, Canada
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12
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Vu Thi D, Ohno T, Yamamoto N, Sannomiya T. Field localization of hexagonal and short-range ordered plasmonic nanoholes investigated by cathodoluminescence. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074707. [PMID: 32087626 DOI: 10.1063/1.5131698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoholes have attracted significant attention among nanoplasmonic devices, especially as biosensing platforms, where nanohole arrays can efficiently enhance and confine the electromagnetic field through surface plasmon polaritons, providing a sensitive detection. In nanohole arrays, the optical resonances are typically determined by the inter-hole distance or periodicity with respect to the surface plasmon wavelength. However, for short-range ordered (SRO) arrays, the inter-hole distance varies locally, so the plasmon resonance changes. In this study, we investigate the local resonance of SRO nanoholes using a cathodoluminescence technique and compare it with hexagonally ordered nanoholes. The cathodoluminescence photon maps and resonance peak analysis reveal that the electric fields are confined at the edges of holes and that their resonances are determined by inter-hole distances as well as by their distributions. This demonstrates the Anderson localization of the electromagnetic waves showing locally enhanced electromagnetic local density of states in SRO nanoholes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Vu Thi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takazumi Ohno
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takumi Sannomiya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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13
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Ohnishi H, Sabatani E, Vu Thi D, Yanagimoto S, Sannomiya T. Highly sensitive pressure and temperature induced SPP resonance shift at gold nanohole arrays. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:024705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5131206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ohnishi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Eyal Sabatani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Chemistry Division, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Beer Sheva 8491000, Israel
| | - Dung Vu Thi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Sotatsu Yanagimoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takumi Sannomiya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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14
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Malekian B, Xiong K, Kang ESH, Andersson J, Emilsson G, Rommel M, Sannomiya T, Jonsson MP, Dahlin A. Optical properties of plasmonic nanopore arrays prepared by electron beam and colloidal lithography. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4282-4289. [PMID: 36134417 PMCID: PMC9418017 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00585d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Solid state nanopores are central structures for many applications. To date, much effort has been spent on controlled fabrication of single nanopores, while relatively little work has focused on large scale fabrication of arrays of nanopores. In this work we show wafer-scale fabrication of plasmonic nanopores in 50 nm thick silicon nitride membranes with one or two 30 nm gold films, using electron beam lithography with a negative resist or a new version of colloidal lithography. Both approaches offer good control of pore diameter (even below 100 nm) and with high yield (>90%) of intact membranes. Colloidal lithography has the advantage of parallel patterning without expensive equipment. Despite its serial nature, electron beam lithography provides high throughput and can make arbitrary array patterns. Importantly, both methods prevent metal from ending up on the membrane pore sidewalls. The new fabrication methods make it possible to compare the optical properties of structurally identical plasmonic nanopore arrays with either long-range order (e-beam) or short-range order (colloidal). The resonance features in the extinction spectrum are very similar for both structures when the pitch is the same as the characteristic spacing in the self-assembled colloidal pattern. Long-range ordering slightly enhances the magnitude of the extinction maximum and blueshift the transmission maximum by tens of nm. Upon reducing the diameter in long-range ordered arrays, the resonance is reduced in magnitude and the transmission maximum is further blue shifted, just like for short-range ordered arrays. These effects are well explained by interpreting the spectra as Fano interference between the grating-type excitation of propagating surface plasmons and the broad transmission via individual pores in the metal film. Furthermore, we find that only the short-range ordered arrays scatter light, which we attribute to the highly limited effective period in the short-range ordered system and the corresponding lack of coherent suppression of scattering by interference effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Malekian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Kunli Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Evan S H Kang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University 60174 Norrköping Sweden
| | - John Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Gustav Emilsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Marcus Rommel
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Takumi Sannomiya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering 4259 Nagatsuta Midoriku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Magnus P Jonsson
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University 60174 Norrköping Sweden
| | - Andreas Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
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15
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Jackman JA, Ferhan AR, Cho NJ. Surface-Based Nanoplasmonic Sensors for Biointerfacial Science Applications. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Abdul Rahim Ferhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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16
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Cesaria M, Taurino A, Manera MG, Minunni M, Scarano S, Rella R. Gold nanoholes fabricated by colloidal lithography: novel insights into nanofabrication, short-range correlation and optical properties. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:8416-8432. [PMID: 30985849 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09911a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal lithography is widely used as a low cost and large-area deposition approach, alternative to the conventional small-area expensive lithographic techniques, for the fabrication of short-range ordered sub-wavelength metallic nanostructures. This paper contributes to the understanding of the impact of the fabrication protocol of a colloidal mask on the optical and sensing properties of short range-ordered nanohole (NH) distributions fabricated by colloidal lithography in optically thin (20 nm thick) gold films. We consider polystyrene nanospheres (PS-NSPs) with a nominal diameter of 80 nm, electrostatically adsorbed from a salt-free colloidal solution onto a polydiallyldimethylammonium (PDDA) countercharged monolayer. By avoiding the conventional polyelectrolyte multilayer and based on the interplay between the deposition times of both PDDA and PS-NSPs, we demonstrate effective simplification of the commonly applied deposition protocol and effective tuning of the NH-to-NH spacing (dNN) with negligible agglomeration. Comparison with NH samples prepared by salt-containing colloidal solutions points out the negative impact of salt addition on the optical properties. The effective tuning of dNN obtained by our protocol demonstrates highly correlated disorder under unsaturated adsorption and allows a discussion on the analogies of the optical response between long- and short- range ordered NH systems, which is a still debated topic. By Fast Fourier Transform of autocorrelation images of scanning electron microscopy micrographs we demonstrate quantitatively, rather than in principle, the correspondence between an inherent ordering length-scale and dNN. As optical transducers for detecting refractive index changes, our samples exhibit significant bulk sensitivity (∼309 nm RIU-1) in the framework of short range ordered NH systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Cesaria
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, IMM-CNR, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
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17
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Prasad A, Choi J, Jia Z, Park S, Gartia MR. Nanohole array plasmonic biosensors: Emerging point-of-care applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:185-203. [PMID: 30738247 PMCID: PMC6475599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) applications have expanded hugely in recent years and is likely to continue, with an aim to deliver cheap, portable, and reliable devices to meet the demands of healthcare industry. POC devices are designed, prototyped, and assembled using numerous strategies but the key essential features that biosensing devices require are: (1) sensitivity, (2) selectivity, (3) specificity, (4) repeatability, and (5) good limit of detection. Overall the fabrication and commercialization of the nanohole array (NHA) setup to the outside world still remains a challenge. Here, we review the various methods of NHA fabrication, the design criteria, the geometrical features, the effects of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on sensing as well as current state-of-the-art of existing NHA sensors. This review also provides easy-to-understand examples of NHA-based POC biosensing applications, its current status, challenges, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Prasad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Junseo Choi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; NIH Center for BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Zheng Jia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; NIH Center for BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Sunggook Park
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; NIH Center for BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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18
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Horák M, Křápek V, Hrtoň M, Konečná A, Ligmajer F, Stöger-Pollach M, Šamořil T, Paták A, Édes Z, Metelka O, Babocký J, Šikola T. Limits of Babinet's principle for solid and hollow plasmonic antennas. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4004. [PMID: 30850673 PMCID: PMC6408474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an experimental and theoretical study of Babinet’s principle of complementarity in plasmonics. We have used spatially-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy and cathodoluminescence to investigate electromagnetic response of elementary plasmonic antenna: gold discs and complementary disc-shaped apertures in a gold layer. We have also calculated their response to the plane wave illumination. While the qualitative validity of Babinet’s principle has been confirmed, quantitative differences have been found related to the energy and quality factor of the resonances and the magnitude of related near fields. In particular, apertures were found to exhibit stronger interaction with the electron beam than solid antennas, which makes them a remarkable alternative of the usual plasmonic-antennas design. We also examine the possibility of magnetic near field imaging based on the Babinet’s principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Horák
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - V Křápek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - M Hrtoň
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Konečná
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - F Ligmajer
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Stöger-Pollach
- University Service Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040, Wien, Austria
| | - T Šamořil
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Paták
- Institute of Scientific Instruments, Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 147, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Z Édes
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - O Metelka
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Babocký
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - T Šikola
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
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19
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Larson S, Carlson D, Ai B, Zhao Y. The extraordinary optical transmission and sensing properties of Ag/Ti composite nanohole arrays. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:3771-3780. [PMID: 30706926 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07729k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ag/Ti composite nanohole arrays are fabricated by a simple combination of nanosphere lithography, reactive ion etching, and dual e-beam deposition techniques. Based on the X-ray diffraction, conductivity, and ellipsometry measurements, there exists a Ag composition threshold CAg = 80 at% above which Ag is percolated through the entire film. Significant extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) is observed in nanohole samples with composition larger than the threshold. The main EOT peak position, the (1,0) Ag/glass resonance peak, redshifts as the CAg value decreased, but its index sensitivity monotonically increased with CAg till a value of 300 RIU nm-1 for the CAg = 100 at% sample is achieved. However, the LSPR peak of the nanoholes can achieve a sensitivity of 390 nm RIU-1 when CAg decreases from 100 at% to 85 at%. This study demonstrates that besides the shape, size, and measurement configuration, the resonances and sensitivities of nanohole arrays can be effectively predicted and tuned by the composition of a plasmonic composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Larson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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20
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Zhang G, Hsu C, Lan C, Gao R, Wen Y, Zhou J. Tailoring Nanohole Plasmonic Resonance with Light-Responsive Azobenzene Compound. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:2254-2263. [PMID: 30569700 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based nanohole structures, featuring a continuous matrix and discrete voids, have seen a wide spectrum of practical applications, ranging from plasmonic sensing to extraordinary optical transmission. It would not be uncommon to pursue further enhancement of their optical tunability, and incorporation with other functional materials offers an intriguing lead. In this study, the first step involves colloidal lithography fabrication of gold-based, short-range ordered nanohole structures on a glass substrate with varying geometrical parameters. Plasmonic resonance in optical waveband is readily achieved from the coupling between bonding surface plasmons and nanohole lattices. Resonant features observed in transmission measurements could also be well reproduced both from numerical simulations as well as theoretical calculations based on the grating coupling mechanism. With the introduction of a thin layer of azobenzene compound by spin-coating comes the critical transformation that not only alters optical performances by impacting the surface environment but also bestows the structures with light responsiveness. After 488 nm of laser irradiation, it is observed that the structures underwent cross polarization conversion, which could be attributed to the photoalignment behavior from trans-cis isomerization within the azobenzene layer, yielding further optical tunability with the linearly polarized probe light compared to that in the preirradiated state. The tuning of plasmonic resonances through light stimuli paves a noncontacting path for achieving desired optical responses with potentially high spatial and temporal resolution. This work may serve as a fountainhead for future efforts on optically tailorable photonic devices associated with nanohole plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chuwen Lan
- Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks & Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, School of Information and Communication Engineering , Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Beijing 100876 , China
| | - Rui Gao
- High Temperature Thermochemistry Laboratory, Department of Mining and Materials Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C5 , Canada
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21
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Ferhan AR, Špačková B, Jackman JA, Ma GJ, Sut TN, Homola J, Cho NJ. Nanoplasmonic Ruler for Measuring Separation Distance between Supported Lipid Bilayers and Oxide Surfaces. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12503-12511. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahim Ferhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
| | - Barbora Špačková
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Science, Chaberská 57, Prague 8 18251, Czech Republic
| | - Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
| | - Gamaliel J. Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
| | - Tun Naw Sut
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiří Homola
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Science, Chaberská 57, Prague 8 18251, Czech Republic
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive 637459, Singapore
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22
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Chen K, Razinskas G, Vieker H, Gross H, Wu X, Beyer A, Gölzhäuser A, Hecht B. High-Q, low-mode-volume and multiresonant plasmonic nanoslit cavities fabricated by helium ion milling. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17148-17155. [PMID: 30183794 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02160k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Helium ion milling of chemically-synthesized micron-sized gold flakes is performed to fabricate ultra-narrow nanoslit cavities with a varying length and width down to 5 nm. Their plasmon resonances are characterized by one-photon photoluminescence spectroscopy. The combination of fabrication based on single-crystalline gold and resonant modes with low radiative losses leads to remarkably high quality factors of up to 24. Multiple Fabry-Pérot-type resonances in the visible/near infrared spectral range are observed due to the achieved narrow slit widths and the resulting short effective wavelengths of nanoslit plasmons. These features make nanoslit cavities attractive for a range of applications such as surface-enhanced spectroscopy, ultrafast nano-optics and strong light-matter coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Nano-Optics & Biophotonics Group, Experimentelle Physik V, Physikalisches Institute, Röntgen Center for Complex Material Systems (RCCM), Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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23
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Zuo Z, Wen Y, Zhang S. Interface-induced nucleation and growth: a new route for fabricating ordered silver nanohole arrays. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14039-14046. [PMID: 29995028 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00639c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanohole arrays exhibit fascinating optical properties originating from the excitation of surface plasmons, and have been demonstrated to be of great potential in many applications. However, the fabrication of large-area ordered metal nanohole arrays with a tunable optical response is still highly desired. Herein, a novel interface-induced vapor phase growth method is developed to achieve hexagonally arranged silver nanohole arrays with a centimeter-scale area, in which an interface is introduced via an ordered template and used to induce Ag selective nucleation and growth. The adhesive force of the template with the substrate is found to be crucial in the determination of the nucleation sites and the resulting nanostructures. The plasmonic responses of the nanohole arrays are regulated by controlling their structural features, which are realized through simply changing the template parameters and the Ag deposition thickness. The Ag nanohole array exhibits more than 20-fold Raman enhancement compared to a rough Ag film when its localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is tuned to an optimized range, which indicates its potential in biochemical sensing applications. The present method for the preparation of large-area metal nanohole arrays may open up a new avenue to fabricate novel metal nanostructures and develop high-performance plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Zuo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology (OEMST), College of Physics and Electronics Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China. and National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yibing Wen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology (OEMST), College of Physics and Electronics Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology (OEMST), College of Physics and Electronics Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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24
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Matsumori K, Fujimura R. Broadband light absorption of an Al semishell-MIM nanostrucure in the UV to near-infrared regions. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:2981-2984. [PMID: 29905739 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.002981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A plasmonic broadband light absorber, whose absorption is insensitive to incident angles and polarizations, in the UV to near-infrared regions is demonstrated. In experimental observations, the maximum average absorption of 83% over a wavelength range from 300 to 1000 nm was confirmed. Our proposed plasmonic absorber is based on a three-layer stack of metal-insulator-metal, and the top metal layer is nanostructured by colloidal lithography. This structure is composed of Al, which is an excellent and cost-effective plasmonic material. This fabrication simplicity and economical material allows us to produce a large-scale device of solar absorbers.
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25
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Ferhan AR, Jackman JA, Malekian B, Xiong K, Emilsson G, Park S, Dahlin AB, Cho NJ. Nanoplasmonic Sensing Architectures for Decoding Membrane Curvature-Dependent Biomacromolecular Interactions. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7458-7466. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahim Ferhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Bita Malekian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Kunli Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Gustav Emilsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Soohyun Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Andreas B. Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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26
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Lee TH, Hirst DJ, Kulkarni K, Del Borgo MP, Aguilar MI. Exploring Molecular-Biomembrane Interactions with Surface Plasmon Resonance and Dual Polarization Interferometry Technology: Expanding the Spotlight onto Biomembrane Structure. Chem Rev 2018; 118:5392-5487. [PMID: 29793341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The molecular analysis of biomolecular-membrane interactions is central to understanding most cellular systems but has emerged as a complex technical challenge given the complexities of membrane structure and composition across all living cells. We present a review of the application of surface plasmon resonance and dual polarization interferometry-based biosensors to the study of biomembrane-based systems using both planar mono- or bilayers or liposomes. We first describe the optical principals and instrumentation of surface plasmon resonance, including both linear and extraordinary transmission modes and dual polarization interferometry. We then describe the wide range of model membrane systems that have been developed for deposition on the chips surfaces that include planar, polymer cushioned, tethered bilayers, and liposomes. This is followed by a description of the different chemical immobilization or physisorption techniques. The application of this broad range of engineered membrane surfaces to biomolecular-membrane interactions is then overviewed and how the information obtained using these techniques enhance our molecular understanding of membrane-mediated peptide and protein function. We first discuss experiments where SPR alone has been used to characterize membrane binding and describe how these studies yielded novel insight into the molecular events associated with membrane interactions and how they provided a significant impetus to more recent studies that focus on coincident membrane structure changes during binding of peptides and proteins. We then discuss the emerging limitations of not monitoring the effects on membrane structure and how SPR data can be combined with DPI to provide significant new information on how a membrane responds to the binding of peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzong-Hsien Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Daniel J Hirst
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Ketav Kulkarni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Mark P Del Borgo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
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Jackman JA, Rahim Ferhan A, Cho NJ. Nanoplasmonic sensors for biointerfacial science. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:3615-3660. [PMID: 28383083 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00494f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoplasmonic sensors have become widely used for the label-free detection of biomolecules across medical, biotechnology, and environmental science applications. To date, many nanoplasmonic sensing strategies have been developed with outstanding measurement capabilities, enabling detection down to the single-molecule level. One of the most promising directions has been surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors, and the potential of such technologies is still emerging. Going beyond detection, surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors open the door to enhanced, quantitative measurement capabilities across the biointerfacial sciences by taking advantage of high surface sensitivity that pairs well with the size of medically important biomacromolecules and biological particulates such as viruses and exosomes. The goal of this review is to introduce the latest advances in nanoplasmonic sensors for the biointerfacial sciences, including ongoing development of nanoparticle and nanohole arrays for exploring different classes of biomacromolecules interacting at solid-liquid interfaces. The measurement principles for nanoplasmonic sensors based on utilizing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) phenomena are first introduced. The following sections are then categorized around different themes within the biointerfacial sciences, specifically protein binding and conformational changes, lipid membrane fabrication, membrane-protein interactions, exosome and virus detection and analysis, and probing nucleic acid conformations and binding interactions. Across these themes, we discuss the growing trend to utilize nanoplasmonic sensors for advanced measurement capabilities, including positional sensing, biomacromolecular conformation analysis, and real-time kinetic monitoring of complex biological interactions. Altogether, these advances highlight the rich potential of nanoplasmonic sensors and the future growth prospects of the community as a whole. With ongoing development of commercial nanoplasmonic sensors and analytical models to interpret corresponding measurement data in the context of biologically relevant interactions, there is significant opportunity to utilize nanoplasmonic sensing strategies for not only fundamental biointerfacial science, but also translational science applications related to clinical medicine and pharmaceutical drug development among countless possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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28
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Dhama R, Caligiuri V, Petti L, Rashed AR, Rippa M, Lento R, Termine R, Caglayan H, De Luca A. Extraordinary Effects in Quasi-Periodic Gold Nanocavities: Enhanced Transmission and Polarization Control of Cavity Modes. ACS NANO 2018; 12:504-512. [PMID: 29178780 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic quasi-periodic structures are well-known to exhibit several surprising phenomena with respect to their periodic counterparts, due to their long-range order and higher rotational symmetry. Thanks to their specific geometrical arrangement, plasmonic quasi-crystals offer unique possibilities in tailoring the coupling and propagation of surface plasmons through their lattice, a scenario in which a plethora of fascinating phenomena can take place. In this paper we investigate the extraordinary transmission phenomenon occurring in specifically patterned Thue-Morse nanocavities, demonstrating noticeable enhanced transmission, directly revealed by near-field optical experiments, performed by means of a scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM). SNOM further provides an intuitive picture of confined plasmon modes inside the nanocavities and confirms that localization of plasmon modes is based on size and depth of nanocavities, while cross talk between close cavities via propagating plasmons holds the polarization response of patterned quasi-crystals. Our performed numerical simulations are in good agreement with the experimental results. Thus, the control on cavity size and incident polarization can be used to alter the intensity and spatial properties of confined cavity modes in such structures, which can be exploited in order to design a plasmonic device with customized optical properties and desired functionalities, to be used for several applications in quantum plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Dhama
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria and CNR Nanotec , S. S. di Cosenza, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Caligiuri
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria and CNR Nanotec , S. S. di Cosenza, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Lucia Petti
- CNR, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems , 80072 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Alireza R Rashed
- Laboratory of Photonics, Tampere University of Technology , 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Massimo Rippa
- CNR, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems , 80072 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lento
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria and CNR Nanotec , S. S. di Cosenza, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Roberto Termine
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria and CNR Nanotec , S. S. di Cosenza, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Humeyra Caglayan
- Laboratory of Photonics, Tampere University of Technology , 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria and CNR Nanotec , S. S. di Cosenza, 87036 Rende, Italy
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29
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Kirner R, Vetter A, Opalevs D, Gilfert C, Scholz M, Leisching P, Scharf T, Noell W, Rockstuhl C, Voelkel R. Mask-aligner lithography using a continuous-wave diode laser frequency-quadrupled to 193 nm. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:730-743. [PMID: 29401954 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.000730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a mask-aligner lithographic system operated with a frequency-quadrupled continuous-wave diode laser emitting at 193 nm. For this purpose, a 772 nm diode laser is amplified by a tapered amplifier in the master-oscillator power-amplifier configuration. The emission wavelength is upconverted twice, using LBO and KBBF nonlinear crystals in second-harmonic generation enhancement cavities. An optical output power of 10 mW is achieved. As uniform exposure field illumination is crucial in mask-aligner lithography, beam shaping is realized with optical elements made from fused silica and CaF2 featuring a diffractive non-imaging homogenizer. A tandem setup of shaped random diffusers, one static and one rotating, is used to control speckle formation. We demonstrate first experimental soft contact and proximity prints for a field size of 1 cm2 with a standard binary photomask and proximity prints with a two-level phase mask, both printed into 120 nm layers of photoresist on unstructured silicon substrates.
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30
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Xiong K, Tordera D, Emilsson G, Olsson O, Linderhed U, Jonsson MP, Dahlin AB. Switchable Plasmonic Metasurfaces with High Chromaticity Containing Only Abundant Metals. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:7033-7039. [PMID: 29028347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic color generation offers several advantages but is also limited by the cost and availability of noble metals like gold. In this work, we present color-tunable metasurfaces with high chromaticity and reflectivity consisting of an aluminum mirror, a dielectric spacer, and a plasmonic nanohole array in copper. Copper is shown to be an excellent alternative to gold when properly protected from oxidation and makes it possible to generate a wide RGB gamut covering 27% of the standard RGB. By patterning the metasurfaces into microscale pixel triplets, color photos can be well reproduced with high resolution over wafer-sized areas. Further, we demonstrate active modulation of the reflected intensity using an electrochromic conductive polymer deposited on top of the nanostructures by screen printing. This technology opens up for ultrathin and flexible reflective displays in full color, that is, plasmonic electronic paper, compatible with large-scale sustainable production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Tordera
- Department of Science and Technology, Laboratory for Organic Electronics, Linköping University , 60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Gustav Emilsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Oliver Olsson
- rdot AB (559092-9831), Stena Center 1, 41292 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Magnus P Jonsson
- Department of Science and Technology, Laboratory for Organic Electronics, Linköping University , 60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Andreas B Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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31
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Flexible and Tunable 3D Gold Nanocups Platform as Plasmonic Biosensor for Specific Dual LSPR-SERS Immuno-Detection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14240. [PMID: 29079816 PMCID: PMC5660151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early medical diagnostic in nanomedicine requires the implementation of innovative nanosensors with highly sensitive, selective, and reliable biomarker detection abilities. In this paper, a dual Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance - Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (LSPR- SERS) immunosensor based on a flexible three-dimensional (3D) gold (Au) nanocups platform has been implemented for the first time to operate as a relevant “proof-of-concept” for the specific detection of antigen-antibody binding events, using the human IgG - anti-human IgG recognition interaction as a model. Specifically, polydimethylsilane (PDMS) elastomer mold coated with a thin Au film employed for pattern replication of hexagonally close-packed monolayer of polystyrene nanospheres configuration has been employed as plasmonic nanoplatform to convey both SERS and LSPR readout signals, exhibiting both well-defined LSPR response and enhanced 3D electromagnetic field. Synergistic LSPR and SERS sensing use the same reproducible and large-area plasmonic nanoplatform providing complimentary information not only on the presence of anti-human IgG (by LSPR) but also to identify its specific molecular signature by SERS. The development of such smart flexible healthcare nanosensor platforms holds promise for mass production, opening thereby the doors for the next generation of portable point-of-care devices.
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32
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Hajebifard A, Berini P. Fano resonances in plasmonic heptamer nano-hole arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:18566-18580. [PMID: 29041055 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.018566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of gold heptamer nanohole arrays have been investigated theoretically and numerically. This structure support pronounced Fano resonances with high transmittance (~50%) and narrow bandwidths (down to 12 nm). The Fano features arise from the interference between light directly transmitted through the holes, and light indirectly scattered through the excitation of localized surface plasmon polaritons (LSPPs), propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), or/and waves related to Wood's anomaly (WA). The mechanisms behind the generation of these resonances are revealed by observing near-field distributions, altering the structural parameters and applying the Bloch wave model. Furthermore, it is shown that Fano resonances associated with LSPPs exhibit high surface (2 nm/nm) and bulk sensitivities (400 nm/RIU). However, the highest figure of merit (~24 RIU-1) occurs for a Fano resonance involving a WA and SPP mode.
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Malekian B, Xiong K, Emilsson G, Andersson J, Fager C, Olsson E, Larsson-Langhammer EM, Dahlin AB. Fabrication and Characterization of Plasmonic Nanopores with Cavities in the Solid Support. SENSORS 2017. [PMID: 28632153 PMCID: PMC5492491 DOI: 10.3390/s17061444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures are widely used for various sensing applications by monitoring changes in refractive index through optical spectroscopy or as substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. However, in most practical situations conventional surface plasmon resonance is preferred for biomolecular interaction analysis because of its high resolution in surface coverage and the simple single-material planar interface. Still, plasmonic nanostructures may find unique sensing applications, for instance when the nanoscale geometry itself is of interest. This calls for new methods to prepare nanoscale particles and cavities with controllable dimensions and curvature. In this work, we present two types of plasmonic nanopores where the solid support underneath a nanohole array has been etched, thereby creating cavities denoted as ‘nanowells’ or ‘nanocaves’ depending on the degree of anisotropy (dry or wet etch). The refractometric sensitivity is shown to be enhanced upon removing the solid support because of an increased probing volume and a shift of the asymmetric plasmonic field towards the liquid side of the finite gold film. Furthermore, the structures exhibit different spectral changes upon binding inside the cavities compared to the gold surface, which means that the structures can be used for location-specific detection. Other sensing applications are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Malekian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Kunli Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Gustav Emilsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jenny Andersson
- Insplorion AB, Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8A, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Fager
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Eva Olsson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | | | - Andreas B Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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34
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Drevinskas R, Rakickas T, Selskis A, Rosa L, Valiokas RN. Cup-Shaped Nanoantenna Arrays for Zeptoliter Volume Biochemistry and Plasmonic Sensing in the Visible Wavelength Range. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19082-19091. [PMID: 28523911 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although three-dimensional shaping of metallic nanostructures is an important strategy for control and manipulation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), its implementation in high-throughput, on-chip fabrication of plasmonic devices remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate nanocontact-based large-area fabrication of a novel, LSPR-active Au architecture consisting of periodic arrays of reduced-symmetry nanoantennas having sub-50 nm, out-of-plane features. Namely, by combining nanosphere and molecular self-assembly processes, we have patterned evaporated polycrystalline Au films for chemical etching of nanocups with controlled aspect ratios (outer diameter d = 100 nm and void volumes = 18 or 39 zL). The resulting nanoantennas were highly ordered, forming a hexagonal lattice structure over centimeter-sized glass substrates, and they displayed characteristic LSPR absorption in the visible/near-infrared spectral range. Theoretical simulations indicated electric field confinement and enhancement patterns located not only around the rims but also inside the nanocups. We also explored how these patterns and the overall spectral characteristics depended on the nanocup aspect ratio as well as on electric field coupling in the arrays. We have successfully tested the fabricated architecture for detection of stepwise immobilization and interactions of proteins, thus demonstrating its potential for both nanoscopic scaffolding and sensing of biomolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Rosa
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Applied Plasmonics Laboratory, Centre for Micro-Photonics, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
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35
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Tordera D, Zhao D, Volkov AV, Crispin X, Jonsson MP. Thermoplasmonic Semitransparent Nanohole Electrodes. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:3145-3151. [PMID: 28441500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonradiative decay of plasmons in metallic nanostructures offers unique means for light-to-heat conversion at the nanoscale. Typical thermoplasmonic systems utilize discrete particles, while metal nanohole arrays were instead considered suitable as heat sinks to reduce heating effects. By contrast, we show for the first time that under uniform broadband illumination (e.g., the sun) ultrathin plasmonic nanohole arrays can be highly competitive plasmonic heaters and provide significantly higher temperatures than analogous nanodisk arrays. Our plasmonic nanohole arrays also heat significantly more than nonstructured metal films, while simultaneously providing superior light transmission. Besides being efficient light-driven heat sources, these thin perforated gold films can simultaneously be used as electrodes. We used this feature to develop "plasmonic thermistors" for electrical monitoring of plasmon-induced temperature changes. The nanohole arrays provided temperature changes up to 7.5 K by simulated sunlight, which is very high compared to previously reported plasmonic systems under similar conditions (solar illumination and ambient conditions). Both temperatures and heating profiles quantitatively agree with combined optical and thermal simulations. Finally, we demonstrate the use of a thermoplasmonic nanohole electrode to power the first hybrid plasmonic ionic thermoelectric device, resulting in strong solar-induced heat gradients and corresponding thermoelectric voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tordera
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University , SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Dan Zhao
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University , SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Anton V Volkov
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University , SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Xavier Crispin
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University , SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Magnus P Jonsson
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University , SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
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36
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Wadell C, Inagaki S, Nakamura T, Shi J, Nakamura Y, Sannomiya T. Nanocuvette: A Functional Ultrathin Liquid Container for Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1264-1272. [PMID: 28135067 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Advances in TEM techniques have spurred a renewed interest in a wide variety of research fields. A rather recent track within these endeavors is the use of TEM for in situ imaging in liquids. In this article, we show the fabrication of a liquid cell for TEM observations which we call the nanocuvette. The structure consists of a nanohole film sandwiched by carbon films, sealing liquid in the holes. The hole film can be produced using a variety of materials, tailored for the desired application. Since the fabrication is based on self-assembly, it is both cheap and straightforward. Compared to previously reported liquid cells, this structure allows for thinner liquid layers with better controlled cell structures, making it possible to achieve a high resolution even at lower acceleration voltages and electron doses. We demonstrate a resolution corresponding to an information transfer up to ∼2 nm at 100 kV for molecular imaging. Apart from the advantages arising from the thin liquid layer, the nanocuvette also enables the possibility to study liquid-solid interfaces at the side walls of the nanoholes. We illustrate the possibilities of the nanocuvette by studying several model systems: electron beam induced growth dynamics of silver nanoparticles in salt solution, polymer deposition from solution, and imaging of nonstained antibodies in solution. Finally, we show how the inclusion of a plasmonically active gold layer in the nanocuvette structure enables optical confirmation of successful liquid encapsulation prior to TEM studies. The nanocuvette provides an easily fabricated and flexible platform which can help further the understanding of reactions, processes, and conformation of molecules and atoms in liquid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Wadell
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Satoshi Inagaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Tomiro Nakamura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Ji Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Yoshio Nakamura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Takumi Sannomiya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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37
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Wendisch FJ, Oberreiter R, Salihovic M, Elsaesser MS, Bourret GR. Confined Etching within 2D and 3D Colloidal Crystals for Tunable Nanostructured Templates: Local Environment Matters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:3931-3939. [PMID: 28094914 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the isotropic etching of 2D and 3D polystyrene (PS) nanosphere hcp arrays using a benchtop O2 radio frequency plasma cleaner. Unexpectedly, this slow isotropic etching allows tuning of both particle diameter and shape. Due to a suppressed etching rate at the point of contact between the PS particles originating from their arrangement in 2D and 3D crystals, the spherical PS templates are converted into polyhedral structures with well-defined hexagonal cross sections in directions parallel and normal to the crystal c-axis. Additionally, we found that particles located at the edge (surface) of the hcp 2D (3D) crystals showed increased etch rates compared to those of the particles within the crystals. This indicates that 2D and 3D order affect how nanostructures chemically interact with their surroundings. This work also shows that the morphology of nanostructures periodically arranged in 2D and 3D supercrystals can be modified via gas-phase etching and programmed by the superlattice symmetry. To show the potential applications of this approach, we demonstrate the lithographic transfer of the PS template hexagonal cross section into Si substrates to generate Si nanowires with well-defined hexagonal cross sections using a combination of nanosphere lithography and metal-assisted chemical etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedja J Wendisch
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34/III, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Oberreiter
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34/III, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Miralem Salihovic
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34/III, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael S Elsaesser
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34/III, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gilles R Bourret
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34/III, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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38
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Cai Z, Yan Y, Liu L, Lin S, Hu X. Controllable fabrication of metallic photonic crystals for ultra-sensitive SERS and photodetectors. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11721c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic photonic crystals with strong light harvesting capabilities for SERS and photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai JiaoTong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai JiaoTong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai JiaoTong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengxuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai JiaoTong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai JiaoTong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People’s Republic of China
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39
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Wieghold S, Nienhaus L, Knoller FL, Schweinberger FF, Shepherd JJ, Lyding JW, Heiz U, Gruebele M, Esch F. Plasmonic support-mediated activation of 1 nm platinum clusters for catalysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:30570-30577. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04882c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanometer-sized metal clusters are prime candidates for photoactivated catalysis, based on their unique tunable properties. Under visible light illumination, these non-plasmonic particles can get catalytically activated by coupling to a plasmonic substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Wieghold
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - L. Nienhaus
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Urbana
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois
| | - F. L. Knoller
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - F. F. Schweinberger
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | | | - J. W. Lyding
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Urbana
- USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Illinois
| | - U. Heiz
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - M. Gruebele
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Urbana
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois
| | - F. Esch
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
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40
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Xiong K, Emilsson G, Maziz A, Yang X, Shao L, Jager EWH, Dahlin AB. Plasmonic Metasurfaces with Conjugated Polymers for Flexible Electronic Paper in Color. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:9956-9960. [PMID: 27670834 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A flexible electronic paper in full color is realized by plasmonic metasurfaces with conjugated polymers. An ultrathin large-area electrochromic material is presented which provides high polarization-independent reflection, strong contrast, fast response time, and long-term stability. This technology opens up for new electronic readers and posters with ultralow power consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Gustav Emilsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ali Maziz
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lei Shao
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Edwin W H Jager
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Andreas B Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
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41
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Sannomiya T, Saito H, Junesch J, Yamamoto N. Coupling of plasmonic nanopore pairs: facing dipoles attract each other. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2016; 5:e16146. [PMID: 30167187 PMCID: PMC6059925 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2016.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Control of the optical properties of nano-plasmonic structures is essential for next-generation optical circuits and high-throughput biosensing platforms. Realization of such nano-optical devices requires optical couplings of various nanostructured elements and field confinement at the nanoscale. In particular, symmetric coupling modes, also referred to as dark modes, have recently received considerable attention because these modes can confine light energy to small spaces. Although the coupling behavior of plasmonic nanoparticles has been relatively well studied, couplings of inverse structures, that is, holes and pores, remain partially unexplored. Even for the most fundamental coupling system of two dipolar holes, comparison of the symmetric and anti-symmetric coupling modes has not been performed. Here we present, for the first time, a systematic study of the symmetric and anti-symmetric coupling of nanopore pairs using cathodoluminescence by scanning transmission electron microscopy and electromagnetic simulation. The symmetric coupling mode, approximated as a pair of facing dipoles, is observed at a lower energy than that of the anti-symmetric coupling mode, indicating that the facing dipoles attract each other. The anti-symmetric coupling mode splits into the inner- and outer-edge localized modes as the coupling distance decreases. These coupling behaviors cannot be fully explained as inverses of coupled disks. Symmetric and anti-symmetric coupling modes are also observed in a short-range ordered pore array, where one pore supports multiple local resonance modes, depending on the distance to the neighboring pore. Accessibility to the observed symmetric modes by far field is also discussed, which is important for nanophotonic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sannomiya
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hikaru Saito
- Center of Advanced Instrumental Analysis, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - Juliane Junesch
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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42
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Jackman JA, Linardy E, Yoo D, Seo J, Ng WB, Klemme DJ, Wittenberg NJ, Oh SH, Cho NJ. Plasmonic Nanohole Sensor for Capturing Single Virus-Like Particles toward Virucidal Drug Evaluation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1159-66. [PMID: 26450658 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A plasmonic nanohole sensor for virus-like particle capture and virucidal drug evaluation is reported. Using a materials-selective surface functionalization scheme, passive immobilization of virus-like particles only within the nanoholes is achieved. The findings demonstrate that a low surface coverage of particles only inside the functionalized nanoholes significantly improves nanoplasmonic sensing performance over conventional nanohole arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Eric Linardy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Daehan Yoo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jeongeun Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Wei Beng Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Daniel J Klemme
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nathan J Wittenberg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
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43
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Xiong K, Emilsson G, Dahlin AB. Biosensing using plasmonic nanohole arrays with small, homogenous and tunable aperture diameters. Analyst 2016; 141:3803-10. [PMID: 26867475 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00046k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanohole arrays are widely used for optical label-free molecular detection. An important factor for many applications is the diameter of the apertures. So far nanohole arrays with controllable diameters below 100 nm have not been demonstrated and it has not been systematically investigated how the diameter influences the optical properties. In this work we fine-tune the diameter in short range ordered nanohole arrays down to 50 nm. The experimental far field spectra show how the wavelength of maximum extinction remains unaffected while the transmission maximum blue shifts with smaller diameters. The near field is visualized by numerical simulations, showing a homogenous enhancement throughout the cylindrical void at the transmission maximum for diameters between 50 and 100 nm. For diameters below 50 nm plasmon excitation is no longer possible experimentally or by simulations. Further, we investigate the refractive index sensing capabilities of the smaller holes. As the diameter was reduced, the sensitivity in terms of resonance shift with bulk liquid refractive index was found to be unaltered. However, for the transmission maximum the sensitivity becomes more strongly localized to the hole interior. By directing molecular binding to the bottom of the holes we demonstrate how smaller holes enhance the sensitivity in terms of signal per molecule. A real-time detection limit well below one protein per nanohole is demonstrated. The smaller plasmonic nanoholes should be suitable for studies of molecules confined in small volumes and as mimics of biological nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Xiong
- Dept. of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Techology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Wong TI, Liu X, Zhou X, Liedberg B. Electrofocusing-enhanced localized surface plasmon resonance biosensors. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17244-17248. [PMID: 26370057 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03373j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors typically suffer from diffusion limited mass transport and nonspecific adsorption upon detection of biomolecules in real biofluids. We employ here a peptide-modified plasmonic gold nanohole (AuNH) array for real-time detection of human troponin I (cTnI). Applying a negative electric bias on the AuNH sensor chip enables us to attract and concentrate cTnI at the sensor surface, while repelling other proteins thus decreasing interferences due to nonspecific adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Zhang
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553.
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45
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Junesch J, Emilsson G, Xiong K, Kumar S, Sannomiya T, Pace H, Vörös J, Oh SH, Bally M, Dahlin AB. Location-specific nanoplasmonic sensing of biomolecular binding to lipid membranes with negative curvature. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:15080-15085. [PMID: 26351000 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical processes of cell membranes are sensitive to the geometry of the lipid bilayer. We show how plasmonic "nanowells" provide label-free real-time analysis of molecules on membranes with detection of preferential binding at negative curvature. It is demonstrated that norovirus accumulate in invaginations due to multivalent interactions with glycosphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Junesch
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden.
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46
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Wu F, Liu L, Feng L, Xu D, Lu N. Improving the sensing performance of double gold gratings by oblique incident light. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:13026-13032. [PMID: 26172223 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate a simple method to improve the plasmonic sensing performance of gold gratings. The gratings consist of periodic polymer gratings covered with a gold layer, created by nanoimprint lithography and metal deposition. We investigated the effect of gold thickness and the incident angles on the plasmonic sensing performance. With the optimized gold layer, the full-width at half maximum of this grating was reduced by 60% by using the oblique incident light instead of the normal incident light. A maximum value of the figure of merit at oblique incidence is 12, which is double the one at normal incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
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Ahn KJ, Bahk YM, Kim DS, Kyoung J, Rotermund F. Ultrasensitive molecular absorption detection using metal slot antenna arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:19047-19055. [PMID: 26367567 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.019047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically study the transmission reduction of light passing through absorptive molecules embedded in a periodic metal slot array in a near infrared wavelength regime. From the analytically solved transmitted light, we present a simple relation given by the attenuation length of light at the resonance wavelength of the slot antennas with respect to the spectral width of the resonant transmission peak. This relation clearly explains that the control of the transmission reduction even with very low absorptive materials is possible. We investigate also the transmission reduction by absorptive molecules in a real metallic slot antenna array on a dielectric substrate and compare the results with finite difference time domain calculations. In numerical calculations, we demonstrate that the same amount of transmission reduction by a bulk absorptive material can be achieved only with one-hundredth thickness of the same material when it is embedded in an optimized Fano-resonant slot antenna array. Our relation presented in this study can contribute to label-free chemical and biological sensing as an efficient design and performance criterion for periodic slot antenna arrays.
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48
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Jia P, Yang J. Universal sensitivity of propagating surface plasmon resonance in nanostructure arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:18658-18664. [PMID: 26191924 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.018658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A universal, geometry-independent sensitivity is derived by using a black box model of surface plasmon excitation for two-dimensional nanostructures. It is shown that the resonant wavelength of surface plasmons and dielectric property of interfacial materials dominate the sensitivity. Sensitivity data of nanostructure arrays, widely collected from independent research groups, comply well with our results. This analysis provides a conceptual and intuitive insight into the plasmonic sensing, covering various excitation arrangements under the same umbrella. The universal sensitivity offers a quantitative tool to evaluate and predict the performance of plasmonic sensors.
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49
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Ooms MD, Jeyaram Y, Sinton D. Disposable Plasmonics: Rapid and Inexpensive Large Area Patterning of Plasmonic Structures with CO₂ Laser Annealing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5252-5258. [PMID: 25884102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a method of direct patterning of plasmonic nanofeatures on glass that is fast, scalable, tunable, and accessible to a wide range of users-a unique combination in the context of current nanofabrication options for plasmonic devices. These benefits are made possible by the localized heating and subsequent annealing of thin metal films using infrared light from a commercial CO2 laser system. This approach results in patterning times of 30 mm(2)/min with an average cost of $0.10/mm(2). Colloidal Au nanoparticles with diameters between 15 and 40 nm can be formed on glass surfaces with x-y patterning resolutions of ∼180 μm. While the higher resolution provided by lithography is essential in many applications, in cases where the spatial patterning resolution threshold is lower, commercial CO2 laser processing can be 30-fold faster and 400-fold less expensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Ooms
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yogesh Jeyaram
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
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50
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Otto LM, Mohr DA, Johnson TW, Oh SH, Lindquist NC. Polarization interferometry for real-time spectroscopic plasmonic sensing. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:4226-33. [PMID: 25672889 PMCID: PMC4339257 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06586g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We present quantitative, spectroscopic polarization interferometry phase measurements on plasmonic surfaces for sensing applications. By adding a liquid crystal variable wave plate in our beam path, we are able to measure phase shifts due to small refractive index changes on the sensor surface. By scanning in a quick sequence, our technique is extended to demonstrate real-time measurements. While this optical technique is applicable to different sensor geometries-e.g., nanoparticles, nanogratings, or nanoapertures-the plasmonic sensors we use here consist of an ultrasmooth gold layer with buried linear gratings. Using these devices and our phase measurement technique, we calculate a figure of merit that shows improvement over measuring only surface plasmon resonance shifts from a reflected intensity spectrum. To demonstrate the general-purpose versatility of our phase-resolved measurements, we also show numerical simulations with another common device architecture: periodic plasmonic slits. Since our technique inherently measures both the intensity and phase of the reflected or transmitted light simultaneously, quantitative sensor device characterization is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Otto
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daniel A. Mohr
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Physics Department, Bethel University, St. Paul, MN 55112, USA
| | - Timothy W. Johnson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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