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Shen H, Cui G, Liang H, Yang H, Chen M, Xu ZL, Liu W, Liu Y. DNA Nanomachine-Driven Heterogeneous Quadratic Amplification for Sensitive and Programmable miRNA Profiling. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15769-15777. [PMID: 37734028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the molecular crowding effect in biological systems, a novel heterogeneous quadratic amplification molecular circuit (HEQAC) was developed for sensitive bimodal miRNA profiling (HEQAC-BMP) by combining an MNAzyme-based DNA nanomachine with an entropy-driven catalytic hairpin assembly (E-CHA) autocatalytic circuit. Utilizing ferromagnetic nanomaterials as the substrate for DNA nanomachines, a biomimetic heterogeneous interface was established; thus, a localized molecular crowding system was created that can elevate the local reaction concentration and accelerate the molecular recognition process for a significant threshold signal. Simultaneously, the threshold signal undergoes further amplification by E-CHA and is transformed into a chemical signal, enabling a colorimetric-fluorescence bimodal signal readout. The HEQAC-BMP enables miRNA detection from 10 aM to 10 nM with detection limits of 3.7 aM (colorimetry) and 4.8 aM (fluorometry), respectively. Moreover, the design principle and strategy of HEQAC-BMP can be customized to address other critical viruses or diseases with life-threatening and socioeconomic impacts, enhancing healthcare outcomes for individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Shen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guosheng Cui
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongzhi Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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2
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Berger S, Berger M, Bantz C, Maskos M, Wagner E. Performance of nanoparticles for biomedical applications: The in vitro/ in vivo discrepancy. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:011303. [PMID: 38505225 PMCID: PMC10903387 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has a great potential to revolutionize the therapeutic landscape. However, up-to-date results obtained from in vitro experiments predict the in vivo performance of nanoparticles weakly or not at all. There is a need for in vitro experiments that better resemble the in vivo reality. As a result, animal experiments can be reduced, and potent in vivo candidates will not be missed. It is important to gain a deeper knowledge about nanoparticle characteristics in physiological environment. In this context, the protein corona plays a crucial role. Its formation process including driving forces, kinetics, and influencing factors has to be explored in more detail. There exist different methods for the investigation of the protein corona and its impact on physico-chemical and biological properties of nanoparticles, which are compiled and critically reflected in this review article. The obtained information about the protein corona can be exploited to optimize nanoparticles for in vivo application. Still the translation from in vitro to in vivo remains challenging. Functional in vitro screening under physiological conditions such as in full serum, in 3D multicellular spheroids/organoids, or under flow conditions is recommended. Innovative in vivo screening using barcoded nanoparticles can simultaneously test more than hundred samples regarding biodistribution and functional delivery within a single mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig–Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Berger
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Bantz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, D-55129 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig–Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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3
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Li L, Zhang Q, Chen B, Guo M, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Nano-Bio Interface-Guided Nanoparticle Protein Corona Antigen for Immunoassays and Immunoimaging in a Complex Matrix. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:841-852. [PMID: 35113530 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles are widely used in biological imaging and drug delivery because of their excellent physical and chemical properties, but almost all the original functions of engineered nanoparticles suffer from a complex matrix. Herein, we proposed a strategy of preparing nanoparticle protein corona antigens (NPCAgs) through exposing a magnetic core silicon shell (Fe3O4@SiO2) fluorescent probe to an antigen protein solution, which could reduce the adsorption of nanoparticles (NPs) with other proteins in serum. In the presence of target anti-BSA IgG, a competitive-type displacement reaction was implemented between NPs@BSA and other proteins by target anti-BSA IgG through the specific antigen-antibody reaction. In addition, secondary structure analysis showed that almost all of the NPCAgs retained their natural conformation, which ensured the function of the NPCAgs, specifically capturing an antibody. Therefore, the NPCAgs showed good performance in immunoassays and immunoimaging, which should shed light on the application in imaging and identification of other nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Biru Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Ming Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Mingcui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
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Mohd Norsham IN, Baharin SNA, Raoov M, Shahabuddin S, Jakmunee J, Sambasevam KP. Optimization of waste quail eggshells as biocomposites for polyaniline in ammonia gas detection. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izyan Najwa Mohd Norsham
- School of Chemistry and Environment Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Negeri Sembilan Branch, Kuala Pilah Campus Kuala Pilah Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Atika Baharin
- School of Chemistry and Environment Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Negeri Sembilan Branch, Kuala Pilah Campus Kuala Pilah Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Muggundha Raoov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Syed Shahabuddin
- Department of Science School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Knowledge Corridor Ghandhinagar Gujarat India
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Kavirajaa Pandian Sambasevam
- School of Chemistry and Environment Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Negeri Sembilan Branch, Kuala Pilah Campus Kuala Pilah Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
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Hristov DR, Pimentel AJ, Ujialele G, Hamad-Schifferli K. The Immunoprobe Aggregation State is Central to Dipstick Immunoassay Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34620-34629. [PMID: 32633115 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As new infectious disease outbreaks become more likely, it is important to be able to develop and deploy appropriate testing in time. Paper-based immunoassays are rapid, cheap, and easy to produce at scale and relatively user friendly but often suffer from low selectivity and sensitivity. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of paper immunoassays may help improve and hasten development and therefore production and market availability. Here, we study how the behavior of nanoparticle-antibody immunoprobes in paper dipstick immunoassays is impacted by synthesis strategy and surface chemistry architecture. We conjugate gold nanoparticles to polyclonal anti-immunoglobulin G (IgG) and anti-zika NS1 antibodies by electrostatic adsorption and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and hydrazide (Hz) chemistries. The immunoprobes were used in paper immunoassays and the effective affinity for the antigen was quantified from the test line intensities, as well as the distribution of the immunoprobes throughout the strips. The results show that nanoparticle colloidal stability, both post synthesis and during antigen binding, is a key factor and affects immunoassay results and performance, often through reduction or loss of signal.
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Baimanov D, Cai R, Chen C. Understanding the Chemical Nature of Nanoparticle-Protein Interactions. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1923-1937. [PMID: 31259537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The formation of a protein corona has been considered a pitfall in the clinical translation of nanomedicines. Hence, interdisciplinary studies on corona characterization are critically essential. A deep understanding of the formation of hard and soft protein coronas upon in vivo administration of nanoparticles is vital. The protein corona gives the nanoplatform a new biological identity. Furthermore, the control of and mechanistic understanding of corona formation as it is regulated by the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles is crucial for developing safe nanomedicines. A growing number of analytical techniques have been developed in the past decade for examining NP-protein interactions, contributing to a better understanding of protein corona formation on the surface of nanoparticles. In this Review, we summarize the latest developments in the in vivo and in vitro study of dynamic protein corona formation. Insights derived from techniques used to visualize, quantify, and define protein coronas, as well as the methods for examining the kinetics and structural changes of coronal proteins, are discussed. The potential challenges and future perspectives in the study of protein corona formation and its effects on biological behavior and applications of therapeutic nanomaterials are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didar Baimanov
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Rong Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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7
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Kumar S, Bhushan P, Krishna V, Bhattacharya S. Tapered lateral flow immunoassay based point-of-care diagnostic device for ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of dengue NS1. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:034104. [PMID: 29805724 PMCID: PMC5951788 DOI: 10.1063/1.5035113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus, a Flaviviridae family member, has emerged as a major worldwide health concern, making its early diagnosis imperative. Lateral flow immunoassays have been widely employed for point-of-care diagnosis of dengue because of their rapid naked eye readouts, ease of use, and cost-effectiveness. However, they entail a drawback of low sensitivity, limiting their usage in clinical applications. Herein, we report a novel lateral flow immunoassay for detection of dengue leveraging on the benefits of gold decorated graphene oxide sheets as detection labels and a tapered nitrocellulose membrane. The developed assay allows for rapid (10 min) and sensitive detection of dengue NS1 with a detection limit of 4.9 ng mL-1, ∼11-fold improvement over the previously reported values. Additionally, the clinical application of the developed assay has been demonstrated by testing it for dengue virus spiked in human serum. The reported lateral flow immunoassay shows significant promise for early and rapid detection of several target diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Microsystems Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Pulak Bhushan
- Microsystems Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Vinay Krishna
- Department of Cardiology, LPS Institute of Cardiology, G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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8
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Rodriguez-Quijada C, Sánchez-Purrà M, de Puig H, Hamad-Schifferli K. Physical Properties of Biomolecules at the Nanomaterial Interface. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2827-2840. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Sánchez-Purrà
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Helena de Puig
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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9
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de Puig H, Bosch I, Gehrke L, Hamad-Schifferli K. Challenges of the Nano-Bio Interface in Lateral Flow and Dipstick Immunoassays. Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:1169-1180. [PMID: 28965747 PMCID: PMC5696013 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are highly attractive for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics for infectious disease, food safety, and many other medical uses. The unique optical, electronic, and chemical properties that arise from the nanostructured and material characteristics of nanoparticles provide an opportunity to increase LFA sensitivity and impart novel capabilities. However, interfacing to nanomaterials in complex biological environments is challenging and can result in undesirable side effects such as non-specific adsorption, protein denaturation, and steric hindrance. These issues are even more acute in LFAs where there are many different types of inorganic-biological interfaces, often of a complex nature. Therefore, the unique properties of nanomaterials for LFAs must be exploited in a way that addresses these interface challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena de Puig
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Irene Bosch
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lee Gehrke
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Sánchez-Purrà M, Carré-Camps M, de Puig H, Bosch I, Gehrke L, Hamad-Schifferli K. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Based Sandwich Immunoassays for Multiplexed Detection of Zika and Dengue Viral Biomarkers. ACS Infect Dis 2017; 3:767-776. [PMID: 28875696 PMCID: PMC11323068 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zika and dengue are mosquito-borne diseases that present similar nonspecific symptoms but possess dramatically different outcomes. The first line of defense in epidemic outbreaks are rapid point-of-care diagnostics. Because many outbreaks occur in areas that are resource poor, assays that are easy to use, inexpensive, and require no power have become invaluable in patient treatment, quarantining, and surveillance. Paper-based sandwich immunoassays such as lateral flow assays (LFAs) are attractive as point-of-care solutions as they have the potential for wider deployability than lab-based assays such as PCR. However, their low sensitivity imposes limitations on their ability to detect low biomarker levels and early diagnosis. Here, we exploit the high sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in a multiplexed assay that can distinguish between Zika and dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) biomarkers. SERS-encoded gold nanostars were conjugated to specific antibodies for both diseases and used in a dipstick immunoassay, which exhibited 15-fold and 7-fold lower detection limits for Zika NS1 and dengue NS1, respectively. This platform combines the simplicity of a LFA with the high sensitivity of SERS and could not only improve Zika diagnosis but also detect diseases sooner after infection when biomarker levels are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sánchez-Purrà
- 100 Morrissey Blvd., Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125
| | - Marc Carré-Camps
- Via Augusta 390, IQS School of Engineering, Barcelona, Spain, 08018
| | - Helena de Puig
- 77 Massachusetts Ave., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge, MA, 02139
| | - Irene Bosch
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
| | - Lee Gehrke
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
- 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- 100 Morrissey Blvd., Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125
- 77 Massachusetts Ave., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge, MA, 02139
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Yeo ELL, Cheah JUJ, Lim BY, Thong PSP, Soo KC, Kah JCY. Protein Corona around Gold Nanorods as a Drug Carrier for Multimodal Cancer Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:1039-1050. [PMID: 33429578 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A single nanodevice based on gold nanorods (NRs) coloaded with a photosensitizer, Chlorin e6 (Ce6), and a chemotherapeutic, Doxorubicin (Dox), on its endogenously formed human serum (HS) protein corona, i.e., NR-HS-Ce6-Dox was developed with the aim of performing multimodal cancer therapy: photodynamic (PDT), photothermal (PTT) and chemotherapy (CTX) simultaneously upon irradiation with a single 665 nm laser. Here, the excitation of NRs and Ce6 resulted in photothermal ablation (PTT), and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill Cal 27 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells by oxidative stress (PDT) respectively, while the laser-triggered release of Dox intercalated into the DNA of cancer cells to result in DNA damage and cell death (CTX). High laser-triggered Dox release efficiency of 71.5% and strong plasmonic enhancement of ROS production by Ce6 (4.8-fold increase compared to free Ce6) was observed. Uptake of both Ce6 and Dox by Cal 27 cells was greatly enhanced, with 3.3 and 52 times higher intracellular Dox and Ce6 fluorescence observed, respectively, 6 h after dosing with NR-HS-Ce6-Dox compared to free drugs. The simultaneous trimodal therapy achieved a near complete eradication of cancer cells (98.7% cell death) with an extremely low dose of 15 pM NR-HS-Ce6-Dox loaded with just 1.26 nM Ce6 and 12.5 nM Dox due to strong synergistic enhancement in cancer cell kill compared to individual therapies performed separately. No dark toxicities were observed. These drug concentrations were far lower than any previously reported in vitro, thus eliminating any potential systemic toxicity of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-08, Singapore 117583
| | - Joshua U-Jin Cheah
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456
| | - Bing Yi Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-08, Singapore 117583
| | - Patricia Soo Ping Thong
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610
| | - Khee Chee Soo
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610
| | - James Chen Yong Kah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-08, Singapore 117583.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456
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Tam JO, de Puig H, Yen CW, Bosch I, Gómez-Márquez J, Clavet C, Hamad-Schifferli K, Gehrke L. A comparison of nanoparticle-antibody conjugation strategies in sandwich immunoassays. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2016; 38:355-377. [PMID: 27982728 PMCID: PMC6202116 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2016.1269338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics such as lateral flow and dipstick immunoassays use gold nanoparticle (NP)-antibody conjugates for visual readout. We investigated the effects of NP conjugation, surface chemistries, and antibody immobilization methods on dipstick performance. We compared orientational, covalent conjugation, electrostatic adsorption, and a commercial conjugation kit for dipstick assays to detect dengue virus NS1 protein. Assay performance depended significantly on their conjugate properties. We also tested arrangements of multiple test lines within strips. Results show that orientational, covalent conjugation with PEG shield could improve NS1 detection. These approaches can be used to optimize immunochromatographic detection for a range of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina O Tam
- a Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center , U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Winchester , Massachusetts
| | - Helena de Puig
- b Department of Mechanical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts
| | - Chun-Wan Yen
- a Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center , U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Winchester , Massachusetts
- c Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts
| | - Irene Bosch
- c Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts
| | - Jose Gómez-Márquez
- d MIT Little Devices Lab and the MIT-SUTD International Design Centre , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts
| | - Charles Clavet
- a Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center , U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Winchester , Massachusetts
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- b Department of Mechanical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts
- e Department of Engineering , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Lee Gehrke
- c Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts
- f Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts
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de Puig H, Bosch I, Carré-Camps M, Hamad-Schifferli K. Effect of the Protein Corona on Antibody-Antigen Binding in Nanoparticle Sandwich Immunoassays. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 28:230-238. [PMID: 28095684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the protein corona on the function of nanoparticle (NP) antibody (Ab) conjugates in dipstick sandwich immunoassays. Ab specific for Zika virus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) were conjugated to gold NPs, and another anti-NS1 Ab was immobilized onto the nitrocellulose membrane. Sandwich immunoassay formation was influenced by whether the strip was run in corona forming conditions, i.e., in human serum. Strips run in buffer or pure solutions of bovine serum albumin exhibited false positives, but those run in human serum did not. Serum pretreatment of the nitrocellulose also eliminated false positives. Corona formation around the NP-Ab in serum was faster than the immunoassay time scale. Langmuir binding analysis determined how the immobilized Ab affinity for the NP-Ab/NS1 was impacted by corona formation conditions, quantified as an effective dissociation constant, KDeff. Results show that corona formation mediates the specificity and sensitivity of the antibody-antigen interaction of Zika biomarkers in immunoassays, and plays a critical but beneficial role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marc Carré-Camps
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Quimic de Sarria, Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
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14
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de Puig H, Tam JO, Yen CW, Gehrke L, Hamad-Schifferli K. Extinction Coefficient of Gold Nanostars. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2015; 119:17408-17415. [PMID: 28018519 PMCID: PMC5176261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b03624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanostars (NStars) are highly attractive for biological applications due to their surface chemistry, facile synthesis and optical properties. Here, we synthesize NStars in HEPES buffer at different HEPES/Au ratios, producing NStars of different sizes and shapes, and therefore varying optical properties. We measure the extinction coefficient of the synthesized NStars at their maximum surface plasmon resonances (SPR), which range from 5.7 × 108 to 26.8 × 108 M-1cm-1. Measured values correlate with those obtained from theoretical models of the NStars using the discrete dipole approximation (DDA), which we use to simulate the extinction spectra of the nanostars. Finally, because NStars are typically used in biological applications, we conjugate DNA and antibodies to the NStars and calculate the footprint of the bound biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena de Puig
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Justina O. Tam
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA USA 02139
- Winchester Engineering Analytical Center, Food and Drug Administration. Winchester MA USA 01890
| | - Chun-Wan Yen
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA USA 02139
- Winchester Engineering Analytical Center, Food and Drug Administration. Winchester MA USA 01890
| | - Lee Gehrke
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA USA 02139
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115
- Corresponding Authors: Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli, , Lee Gehrke,
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Corresponding Authors: Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli, , Lee Gehrke,
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de Puig H, Cifuentes Rius A, Flemister D, Baxamusa SH, Hamad-Schifferli K. Selective light-triggered release of DNA from gold nanorods switches blood clotting on and off. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68511. [PMID: 23894311 PMCID: PMC3722233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood clotting is a precise cascade engineered to form a clot with temporal and spatial control. Current control of blood clotting is achieved predominantly by anticoagulants and thus inherently one-sided. Here we use a pair of nanorods (NRs) to provide a two-way switch for the blood clotting cascade by utilizing their ability to selectively release species on their surface under two different laser excitations. We selectively trigger release of a thrombin binding aptamer from one nanorod, inhibiting blood clotting and resulting in increased clotting time. We then release the complementary DNA as an antidote from the other NR, reversing the effect of the aptamer and restoring blood clotting. Thus, the nanorod pair acts as an on/off switch. One challenge for nanobiotechnology is the bio-nano interface, where coronas of weakly adsorbed proteins can obscure biomolecular function. We exploit these adsorbed proteins to increase aptamer and antidote loading on the nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena de Puig
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anna Cifuentes Rius
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dorma Flemister
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Salmaan H. Baxamusa
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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