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Nie C, Ye J, Jiang JH, Chu X. DNA nanodevice as a multi-module co-delivery platform for combination cancer immunotherapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 667:1-11. [PMID: 38615618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A major challenge in combining cancer immunotherapy is the efficient delivery of multiple types of immunological stimulators to elicit a robust anti-tumor immune response and reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we developed a DNA nanodevice that was generated by precisely assembling three types of immunological stimulators. The doxorubicin (Dox) component induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells and enhanced phagocytosis of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Exogenous double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) could act as a molecular adjuvant to activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling in APCs by engulfing dying tumor cells. Interleukin (IL)-12 and small hairpin programmed cell death-ligand 1 (shPD-L1) transcription templates were designed to regulate TME. Additionally, for targeted drug delivery, multiple cyclo[Arg-Gly-Asp-(d-Phe)-Cys] (cRGD) peptide units on DNA origami were employed. The incorporation of disulfide bonds allowed the release of multiple modules in response to intracellular glutathione (GSH) in tumors. The nanodevice promoted the infiltration of CD8+ and CD4+ cells into the tumor and generated a highly inflamed TME, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Our research results indicate that the nanodevice we constructed can effectively inhibit tumor growth and prevent lung metastasis without obvious systemic toxicity, providing a promising strategy for cancer combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunpeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jingxuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jian-Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xia Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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2
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Niu X, Zhao R, Yan S, Pang Z, Li H, Yang X, Wang K. Chiral Materials: Progress, Applications, and Prospects. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303059. [PMID: 37217989 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a universal phenomenon in molecular and biological systems, denoting an asymmetric configurational property where an object cannot be superimposed onto its mirror image by any kind of translation or rotation, which is ubiquitous on the scale from neutrinos to spiral galaxies. Chirality plays a very important role in the life system. Many biological molecules in the life body show chirality, such as the "codebook" of the earth's biological diversity-DNA, nucleic acid, etc. Intriguingly, living organisms hierarchically consist of homochiral building blocks, for example, l-amino acids and d-sugars with unknown reason. When molecules with chirality interact with these chiral factors, only one conformation favors the positive development of life, that is, the chiral host environment can only selectively interact with chiral molecules of one of the conformations. The differences in chiral interactions are often manifested by chiral recognition, mutual matching, and interactions with chiral molecules, which means that the stereoselectivity of chiral molecules can produce changes in pharmacodynamics and pathology. Here, the latest investigations are summarized including the construction and applications of chiral materials based on natural small molecules as chiral source, natural biomacromolecules as chiral sources, and the material synthesized by design as a chiral source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Niu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Simeng Yan
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Zengwei Pang
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Xing Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
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Xu Y, Lv Z, Yao C, Yang D. Construction of rolling circle amplification-based DNA nanostructures for biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3054-3061. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00445c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA-based materials exhibit great potential in biomedical applications due to the excellent sequence programmability and unique functional designability. Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is an efficient isothermal enzymatic amplification strategy to...
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The biological applications of DNA nanomaterials: current challenges and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:351. [PMID: 34620843 PMCID: PMC8497566 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA, a genetic material, has been employed in different scientific directions for various biological applications as driven by DNA nanotechnology in the past decades, including tissue regeneration, disease prevention, inflammation inhibition, bioimaging, biosensing, diagnosis, antitumor drug delivery, and therapeutics. With the rapid progress in DNA nanotechnology, multitudinous DNA nanomaterials have been designed with different shape and size based on the classic Watson-Crick base-pairing for molecular self-assembly. Some DNA materials could functionally change cell biological behaviors, such as cell migration, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, autophagy, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) or RNAs with secondary structures via self-pairing, named aptamer, possess the ability of targeting, which are selected by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and applied for tumor targeted diagnosis and treatment. Some DNA nanomaterials with three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures and stable structures are investigated as drug carrier systems to delivery multiple antitumor medicine or gene therapeutic agents. While the functional DNA nanostructures have promoted the development of the DNA nanotechnology with innovative designs and preparation strategies, and also proved with great potential in the biological and medical use, there is still a long way to go for the eventual application of DNA materials in real life. Here in this review, we conducted a comprehensive survey of the structural development history of various DNA nanomaterials, introduced the principles of different DNA nanomaterials, summarized their biological applications in different fields, and discussed the current challenges and further directions that could help to achieve their applications in the future.
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Chakraborty A, Ravi SP, Shamiya Y, Cui C, Paul A. Harnessing the physicochemical properties of DNA as a multifunctional biomaterial for biomedical and other applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7779-7819. [PMID: 34036968 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01387k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The biological purpose of DNA is to store, replicate, and convey genetic information in cells. Progress in molecular genetics have led to its widespread applications in gene editing, gene therapy, and forensic science. However, in addition to its role as a genetic material, DNA has also emerged as a nongenetic, generic material for diverse biomedical applications. DNA is essentially a natural biopolymer that can be precisely programed by simple chemical modifications to construct materials with desired mechanical, biological, and structural properties. This review critically deciphers the chemical tools and strategies that are currently being employed to harness the nongenetic functions of DNA. Here, the primary product of interest has been crosslinked, hydrated polymers, or hydrogels. State-of-the-art applications of macroscopic, DNA-based hydrogels in the fields of environment, electrochemistry, biologics delivery, and regenerative therapy have been extensively reviewed. Additionally, the review encompasses the status of DNA as a clinically and commercially viable material and provides insight into future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishik Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Shruthi Polla Ravi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Yasmeen Shamiya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Caroline Cui
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Arghya Paul
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada. and School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada and Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
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Bhatia D, Wunder C, Johannes L. Self-assembled, Programmable DNA Nanodevices for Biological and Biomedical Applications. Chembiochem 2021; 22:763-778. [PMID: 32961015 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The broad field of structural DNA nanotechnology has diverged into various areas of applications ranging from computing, photonics, synthetic biology, and biosensing to in-vivo bioimaging and therapeutic delivery, to name but a few. Though the field began to exploit DNA to build various nanoscale architectures, it has now taken a new path to diverge from structural DNA nanotechnology to functional or applied DNA nanotechnology. More recently a third sub-branch has emerged-biologically oriented DNA nanotechnology, which seeks to explore the functionalities of combinatorial DNA devices in various biological systems. In this review, we summarize the key developments in DNA nanotechnology revealing a current trend that merges the functionality of DNA devices with the specificity of biomolecules to access a range of functions in biological systems. This review seeks to provide a perspective on the evolution and biological applications of DNA nanotechnology, where the integration of DNA structures with biomolecules can now uncover phenomena of interest to biologists and biomedical scientists. Finally, we conclude with the challenges, limitations, and perspectives of DNA nanodevices in fundamental and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, 382330, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Christian Wunder
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, Endocytic Trafficking and Intracellular Delivery Team U1143 INSERM UMR 3666 CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, Endocytic Trafficking and Intracellular Delivery Team U1143 INSERM UMR 3666 CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
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7
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Yuan Y, Gu Z, Yao C, Luo D, Yang D. Nucleic Acid-Based Functional Nanomaterials as Advanced Cancer Therapeutics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900172. [PMID: 30972963 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based functional nanomaterials (NAFN) have been widely used as emerging drug delivery nanocarriers for cancer therapeutics. Considerable works have demonstrated that NAFN can effectively load and protect therapeutic agents, and particularly enable targeting delivery to the tumor site and stimuli-responsive release. These outstanding performances are due to NAFN's unique properties including inherent biological functions and sequence programmability as well as biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this Review, the recent progress on NAFN as advanced cancer therapeutics is highlighted. Three main cancer therapy approaches are categorized including chemo-, immuno-, and gene-therapy. Examples are presented to show how NAFN are rationally and exquisitely designed to address problems in cancer therapy. The challenges and future development of NAFN are also discussed toward future more practical biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zi Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chi Yao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Yang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Mathur D, Medintz IL. The Growing Development of DNA Nanostructures for Potential Healthcare-Related Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801546. [PMID: 30843670 PMCID: PMC9285959 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA self-assembly has proven to be a highly versatile tool for engineering complex and dynamic biocompatible nanostructures from the bottom up with a wide range of potential bioapplications currently being pursued. Primary among these is healthcare, with the goal of developing diagnostic, imaging, and drug delivery devices along with combinatorial theranostic devices. The path to understanding a role for DNA nanotechnology in biomedical sciences is being approached carefully and systematically, starting from analyzing the stability and immune-stimulatory properties of DNA nanostructures in physiological conditions, to estimating their accessibility and application inside cellular and model animal systems. Much remains to be uncovered but the field continues to show promising results toward developing useful biomedical devices. This review discusses some aspects of DNA nanotechnology that makes it a favorable ingredient for creating nanoscale research and biomedical devices and looks at experiments undertaken to determine its stability in vivo. This is presented in conjugation with examples of state-of-the-art developments in biomolecular sensing, imaging, and drug delivery. Finally, some of the major challenges that warrant the attention of the scientific community are highlighted, in order to advance the field into clinically relevant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divita Mathur
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Code 6910 Washington DC 20375 USA
- College of Science George Mason University Fairfax VA 22030 USA
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Code 6907 Washington DC 20375 USA
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9
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Linares F, García-Fernández E, López-Garzón FJ, Domingo-García M, Orte A, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Galindo MA. Multifunctional behavior of molecules comprising stacked cytosine-Ag I-cytosine base pairs; towards conducting and photoluminescence silver-DNA nanowires. Chem Sci 2019; 10:1126-1137. [PMID: 30774910 PMCID: PMC6346629 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04036b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA molecules containing a 1D silver array may be applied for nanotechnology applications, but first their conducting and photoluminescence behavior must be enhanced. Here we have synthesized and characterized three new helical compounds based on stacked silver-mediated cytosine base pairs [Ag(mC)2]X (mC = N1-methylcytosine; X = NO3 (1), BF4 (2) and ClO4 (3)), that contain uninterrupted polymeric AgI chains that run through the center of the helixes, comparable to related silver-DNA structures. The exposure of nanostructures of [Ag(mC)2]BF4 (2) to cold hydrogen plasma stimulates the reduction of the prearranged AgI polymeric chains to metallic silver along the material. This solvent-free reduction strategy leads to the compound [AgI(mC)2]X@Ag0 (2H) that contains uniformly well-distributed silver metallic nanostructures that are responsible for the new conducting and photoluminescence properties of the material. The presence of silver nanostructures alongside compound 2H has been evaluated by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). The conducting and photoactive properties of 2H were studied by electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) and conducting-AFM (c-AFM), and photoluminescence microscopy (PL), respectively. The results demonstrate that the presence of well-organized metallic silver nanoentities on the material is responsible for the novel conductivity and photoactive properties of the material. This methodology can be employed for the generation of multifunctional silver-DNA related materials with tailored properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Linares
- Unidad de Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica , Centro de Instrumentación Científica , Universidad de Granada , Paseo Prof. Juan Osorio s/n , 18003 , Granada , Spain .
| | - Emilio García-Fernández
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica , Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad de Granada , Campus Cartuja , 18071 , Granada , Spain
| | - F Javier López-Garzón
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Avd. Fuentenueva s/n , 18071 , Granada , Spain .
| | - María Domingo-García
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Avd. Fuentenueva s/n , 18071 , Granada , Spain .
| | - Angel Orte
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica , Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad de Granada , Campus Cartuja , 18071 , Granada , Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Avd. Fuentenueva s/n , 18071 , Granada , Spain .
| | - Miguel A Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Granada , Avd. Fuentenueva s/n , 18071 , Granada , Spain .
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10
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Shen Y. Nano-assembly and welding of gold nanorods based on DNA origami and plasmon-induced laser irradiation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT ROBOTICS AND APPLICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s41315-018-0074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Kim J, Jang D, Park H, Jung S, Kim DH, Kim WJ. Functional-DNA-Driven Dynamic Nanoconstructs for Biomolecule Capture and Drug Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707351. [PMID: 30062803 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of sequence-specific hybridization has allowed the development of DNA nanotechnology, which is divided into two categories: 1) structural DNA nanotechnology, which utilizes DNA as a biopolymer; and 2) dynamic DNA nanotechnology, which focuses on the catalytic reactions or displacement of DNA structures. Recently, numerous attempts have been made to combine DNA nanotechnologies with functional DNAs such as aptamers, DNAzymes, amplified DNA, polymer-conjugated DNA, and DNA loaded on functional nanoparticles for various applications; thus, the new interdisciplinary research field of "functional DNA nanotechnology" is initiated. In particular, a fine-tuned nanostructure composed of functional DNAs has shown immense potential as a programmable nanomachine by controlling DNA dynamics triggered by specific environments. Moreover, the programmability and predictability of functional DNA have enabled the use of DNA nanostructures as nanomedicines for various biomedical applications, such as cargo delivery and molecular drugs via stimuli-mediated dynamic structural changes of functional DNAs. Here, the concepts and recent case studies of functional DNA nanotechnology and nanostructures in nanomedicine are reviewed, and future prospects of functional DNA for nanomedicine are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhwan Kim
- Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Donghyun Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Hyeongmok Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Sungjin Jung
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Dae Heon Kim
- Department of Biology, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 57922, Korea
| | - Won Jong Kim
- Center for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
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12
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Chen PZ, Pollit L, Jones L, Gu FX. Functional Two- and Three-Dimensional Architectures of Immobilized Metal Nanoparticles. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Shang Y, Shi J, Liu H, Liu X, Wang ZG, Ding B. A bumpy gold nanostructure exhibiting DNA-engineered stimuli-responsive SERS signals. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9455-9459. [PMID: 29749418 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00986d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a SERS-active gold nanostructure with built-in electromagnetic hotspots formed by densely packed gold nanoparticles on a gold nanorod. Cy3 labeled stimuli-responsive DNA motifs were introduced to the SERS-active nanostructure. The SERS signals can be switched ON and OFF reversibly in response to external stimuli (pH, metal ions or organic molecules).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxu Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R.China.
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Xavier PL, Chandrasekaran AR. DNA-based construction at the nanoscale: emerging trends and applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:062001. [PMID: 29232197 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaa120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The field of structural DNA nanotechnology has evolved remarkably-from the creation of artificial immobile junctions to the recent DNA-protein hybrid nanoscale shapes-in a span of about 35 years. It is now possible to create complex DNA-based nanoscale shapes and large hierarchical assemblies with greater stability and predictability, thanks to the development of computational tools and advances in experimental techniques. Although it started with the original goal of DNA-assisted structure determination of difficult-to-crystallize molecules, DNA nanotechnology has found its applications in a myriad of fields. In this review, we cover some of the basic and emerging assembly principles: hybridization, base stacking/shape complementarity, and protein-mediated formation of nanoscale structures. We also review various applications of DNA nanostructures, with special emphasis on some of the biophysical applications that have been reported in recent years. In the outlook, we discuss further improvements in the assembly of such structures, and explore possible future applications involving super-resolved fluorescence, single-particle cryo-electron (cryo-EM) and x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) nanoscopic imaging techniques, and in creating new synergistic designer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lourdu Xavier
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
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15
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Xue XY, Mao XG, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Hu Y, Hou Z, Li MK, Meng JR, Luo XX. Advances in the delivery of antisense oligonucleotides for combating bacterial infectious diseases. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:745-758. [PMID: 29341934 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Discovery and development of new antibacterial drugs against multidrug resistant bacterial strains have become more and more urgent. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) show immense potential to control the spread of resistant microbes due to its high specificity of action, little risk to human gene expression, and easy design and synthesis to target any possible gene. However, efficient delivery of ASOs to their action sites with enough concentration remains a major obstacle, which greatly hampers their clinical application. In this study, we reviewed current progress on delivery strategies of ASOs into bacteria, focused on various non-virus gene vectors, including cell penetrating peptides, lipid nanoparticles, bolaamphiphile-based nanoparticles, DNA nanostructures and Vitamin B12. The current review provided comprehensive understanding and novel perspective for the future application of ASOs in combating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xing-Gang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming-Kai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing-Ru Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Xing Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Masciotti V, Naumenko D, Lazzarino M, Piantanida L. Tuning Gold Nanoparticles Plasmonic Properties by DNA Nanotechnology. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1811:279-297. [PMID: 29926460 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8582-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The engineering of the optical and plasmonic properties of metallic nanostructure is one of the key ingredients for the complete control of materials at the nanoscale. Here we show how it is possible to control the plasmonic resonance of complex architectures of gold nanoparticles using the peculiar properties of DNA Watson and Crick pairing rules. In this chapter, we will first introduce all the steps required to generate, purify, and characterize DNA nanostructures, then we will guide the reader to the main steps required to decorate them with a precise amount of gold nanoparticles and, finally, we will describe the main approach used to characterize their plasmonic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Masciotti
- Università Degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,IOM-CNR Laboratorio TASC, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Piantanida
- IOM-CNR Laboratorio TASC, Trieste, Italy. .,Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, UK.
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17
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Ma Z, Huang Y, Park S, Kawai K, Kim DN, Hirai Y, Tsuchiya T, Yamada H, Tabata O. Rhombic-Shaped Nanostructures and Mechanical Properties of 2D DNA Origami Constructed with Different Crossover/Nick Designs. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1702028. [PMID: 29131541 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA origami methods enable the fabrication of various nanostructures and nanodevices, but their effective use depends on an understanding of their structural and mechanical properties and the effects of basic structural features. Frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy is introduced to directly characterize, in aqueous solution, the crossover regions of sets of 2D DNA origami based on different crossover/nick designs. Rhombic-shaped nanostructures formed under the influence of flexible crossovers placed between DNA helices are observed in DNA origami incorporating crossovers every 3, 4, or 6 DNA turns. The bending rigidity of crossovers is determined to be only one-third of that of the DNA helix, based on interhelical electrostatic forces reported elsewhere, and the measured pitches of the 3-turn crossover design rhombic-shaped nanostructures undergoing negligible bending. To evaluate the robustness of their structural integrity, they are intentionally and simultaneously stressed using force-controlled atomic force microscopy. DNA crossovers are verified to have a stabilizing effect on the structural robustness, while the nicks have an opposite effect. The structural and mechanical properties of DNA origami and the effects of crossovers and nicks revealed in this paper can provide information essential for the design of versatile DNA origami structures that exhibit specified and desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Ma
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Yunfei Huang
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Seongsu Park
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawai
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Do-Nyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoshikazu Hirai
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamada
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Osamu Tabata
- Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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18
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Zhang H, Qu X, Chen H, Kong H, Ding R, Chen D, Zhang X, Pei H, Santos HA, Hai M, Weitz DA. Fabrication of Calcium Phosphate-Based Nanocomposites Incorporating DNA Origami, Gold Nanorods, and Anticancer Drugs for Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28941223 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA origami is designed by folding DNA strands at the nanoscale with arbitrary control. Due to its inherent biological nature, DNA origami is used in drug delivery for enhancement of synergism and multidrug resistance inhibition, cancer diagnosis, and many other biomedical applications, where it shows great potential. However, the inherent instability and low payload capacity of DNA origami restrict its biomedical applications. Here, this paper reports the fabrication of an advanced biocompatible nano-in-nanocomposite, which protects DNA origami from degradation and facilities drug loading. The DNA origami, gold nanorods, and molecular targeted drugs are co-incorporated into pH responsive calcium phosphate [Ca3 (PO4 )2 ] nanoparticles. Subsequently, a thin layer of phospholipid is coated onto the Ca3 (PO4 )2 nanoparticle to offer better biocompatibility. The fabricated nanocomposite shows high drug loading capacity, good biocompatibility, and a photothermal and pH-responsive payload release profile and it fully protects DNA origami from degradation. The codelivery of DNA origami with cancer drugs synergistically induces cancer cell apoptosis, reduces the multidrug resistance, and enhances the targeted killing efficiency toward human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive cells. This nanocomposite is foreseen to open new horizons for a variety of clinical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule and Structure Construction School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P. R. China
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory Åbo Akademi University Turku 20520 Finland
| | - Xiangmeng Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule and Structure Construction School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P. R. China
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Pen‐Tung Sah Institute of Micro‐Nano Science and Technology of Xiamen University Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian Province 361005 P. R. China
| | - Haixin Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule and Structure Construction School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Ding
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Dong Chen
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Hao Pei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
| | - Mingtan Hai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule and Structure Construction School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P. R. China
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - David A. Weitz
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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19
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Torelli E, Manzano M, Srivastava SK, Marks RS. DNA origami nanorobot fiber optic genosensor to TMV. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 99:209-215. [PMID: 28759871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the quest of greater sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic systems, one continually searches for alternative DNA hybridization methods, enabling greater versatility and where possible field-enabled detection of target analytes. We present, herein, a hybrid molecular self-assembled scaffolded DNA origami entity, intimately immobilized via capture probes linked to aminopropyltriethoxysilane, onto a glass optical fiber end-face transducer, thus producing a novel biosensor. Immobilized DNA nanorobots with a switchable flap can then be actuated by a specific target DNA present in a sample, by exposing a hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme, which then catalyzes the generation of chemiluminescence, once the specific fiber probes are immersed in a luminol-based solution. Integrating organic nanorobots to inorganic fiber optics creates a hybrid system that we demonstrate as a proof-of-principle can be utilized in specific DNA sequence detection. This system has potential applications in a wide range of fields, including point-of-care diagnostics or cellular in vivo biosensing when using ultrathin fiber optic probes for research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Torelli
- Nanyang Technological University-Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Ben Gurion University (NEW-CREATE) Programme, 1 CREATE Way, Research Wing, #02-06/08, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Marisa Manzano
- Nanyang Technological University-Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Ben Gurion University (NEW-CREATE) Programme, 1 CREATE Way, Research Wing, #02-06/08, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Sachin K Srivastava
- Nanyang Technological University-Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Ben Gurion University (NEW-CREATE) Programme, 1 CREATE Way, Research Wing, #02-06/08, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Robert S Marks
- Nanyang Technological University-Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Ben Gurion University (NEW-CREATE) Programme, 1 CREATE Way, Research Wing, #02-06/08, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, P.O. Box 653, 84-105 Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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20
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Song L, Jiang Q, Liu J, Li N, Liu Q, Dai L, Gao Y, Liu W, Liu D, Ding B. DNA origami/gold nanorod hybrid nanostructures for the circumvention of drug resistance. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:7750-7754. [PMID: 28581004 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02222k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We herein demonstrate that DNA origami can work as a multifunctional platform integrating a chemotherapeutic drug (doxorubicin), gold nanorods and a tumour-specific aptamer MUC-1, to realize the effective circumvention of drug resistance. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded efficiently onto DNA origami through base pair intercalation and surface-modified gold nanorods (AuNRs) were assembled onto the DNA origami through DNA hybridization. Due to the active targeting effect of the assembled aptamers, the multifunctional nanostructures achieved increased cellular internalization of DOX and AuNRs. Upon near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, the P-glycoprotein (multidrug resistance pump) expression of multidrug resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/ADR) cells was down-regulated, achieving the synergistically chemotherapeutic (DOX) and photothermal (AuNRs) effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190, China.
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21
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Probst M, Aeschimann W, Chau TTH, Langenegger SM, Stocker A, Häner R. Structural insight into DNA-assembled oligochromophores: crystallographic analysis of pyrene- and phenanthrene-modified DNA in complex with BpuJI endonuclease. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:7079-89. [PMID: 27422870 PMCID: PMC5009758 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of the DNA duplex as a supramolecular scaffold is an established approach for the assembly of chromophore aggregates. In the absence of detailed structural insight, the characterization of thus assembled oligochromophores is, today, largely based on solution-phase spectroscopy. Here, we describe the crystal structures of three DNA-organized chromophore aggregates. DNA hybrids containing non-nucleosidic pyrene and phenanthrene building blocks were co-crystallized with the recently described binding domain of the restriction enzyme BpuJI. Crystal structures of these complexes were determined at 2.7, 1.9 and 1.6 Å resolutions. The structures reveal aromatic stacking interactions between pyrene and/or phenanthrene units within the framework of the B-DNA duplex. In hybrids containing a single modification in each DNA strand near the end of the duplex, the two polyaromatic hydrocarbons are engaged in a face-to-face stacking orientation. Due to crystal packing and steric effects, the terminal GC base pair is disrupted in all three crystal structures, which results in a non-perfect stacking arrangement of the aromatic chromophores in two of the structures. In a hybrid containing a total of three pyrenes, crystal lattice induced end-to-end stacking of individual DNA duplexes leads to the formation of an extended aromatic π-stack containing four co-axially arranged pyrenes. The aromatic planes of the stacked pyrenes are oriented in a parallel way. The study demonstrates the value of co-crystallization of chemically modified DNA with the recombinant binding domain of the restriction enzyme BpuJI for obtaining detailed structural insight into DNA-assembled oligochromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Probst
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Walter Aeschimann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thi T H Chau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon M Langenegger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Achim Stocker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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22
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Xing P, Zhao Y. Multifunctional Nanoparticles Self-Assembled from Small Organic Building Blocks for Biomedicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:7304-7339. [PMID: 27273862 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular self-assembly shows significant potential to construct responsive materials. By tailoring the structural parameters of organic building blocks, nanosystems can be fabricated, whose performance in catalysis, energy storage and conversion, and biomedicine has been explored. Since small organic building blocks are structurally simple, easily modified, and reproducible, they are frequently employed in supramolecular self-assembly and materials science. The dynamic and adaptive nature of self-assembled nanoarchitectures affords an enhanced sensitivity to the changes in environmental conditions, favoring their applications in controllable drug release and bioimaging. Here, recent significant research advancements of small-organic-molecule self-assembled nanoarchitectures toward biomedical applications are highlighted. Functionalized assemblies, mainly including vesicles, nanoparticles, and micelles are categorized according to their topological morphologies and functions. These nanoarchitectures with different topologies possess distinguishing advantages in biological applications, well incarnating the structure-property relationship. By presenting some important discoveries, three domains of these nanoarchitectures in biomedical research are covered, including biosensors, bioimaging, and controlled release/therapy. The strategies regarding how to design and characterize organic assemblies to exhibit biomedical applications are also discussed. Up-to-date research developments in the field are provided and research challenges to be overcome in future studies are revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyao Xing
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.
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23
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Abstract
Molecular medicine opens into a space of novel specific therapeutic agents: intracellularly active drugs such as peptides, proteins or nucleic acids, which are not able to cross cell membranes and enter the intracellular space on their own. Through the development of cell-targeted shuttles for specific delivery, this restriction in delivery has the potential to be converted into an advantage. On the one hand, due to the multiple extra- and intracellular barriers, such carrier systems need to be multifunctional. On the other hand, they must be precise and reproducibly manufactured due to pharmaceutical reasons. Here we review the design of precise sequence-defined delivery carriers, including solid-phase synthesized peptides and nonpeptidic oligomers, or nucleotide-based carriers such as aptamers and origami nanoboxes.
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24
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Chandrasekaran AR, Anderson N, Kizer M, Halvorsen K, Wang X. Beyond the Fold: Emerging Biological Applications of DNA Origami. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1081-9. [PMID: 26928725 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of DNA as a material for nanoscale construction has blossomed in the past decade. This is largely attributable to the DNA origami technique, which has enabled construction of nanostructures ranging from simple two-dimensional sheets to complex three-dimensional objects with defined curves and edges. These structures are amenable to site-specific functionalization with nanometer precision, and have been shown to exhibit cellular biocompatibility and permeability. The DNA origami technique has already found widespread use in a variety of emerging biological applications such as biosensing, enzyme cascades, biomolecular analysis, biomimetics, and drug delivery. We highlight a few of these applications and comments on the prospects for this rapidly expanding field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nate Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Megan Kizer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ken Halvorsen
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA. , .,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA. ,
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25
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Zhang B, Kitzerow HS. Influence of Proton and Salt Concentration on the Chromonic Liquid Crystal Phase Diagram of Disodium Cromoglycate Solutions: Prospects and Limitations of a Host for DNA Nanostructures. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3250-6. [PMID: 26964003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals have recently been suggested for use as a self-organized host for dispersing and aligning self-organized DNA origami nanostructures. However, an appropriate pH value and a suitable cation concentration are necessary to stabilize such nanostructures and to avoid unfolding of the DNA. The present study shows that the nematic and columnar liquid crystal phases appearing in aqueous solutions of disodium cromoglycate are robust against the replacement of deionized water by a neutral or alkaline buffer solution. However, disodium cromoglycate precipitates when an acidic buffer is used or when the concentration of magnesium cations exceeds a critical concentration of about 0.6-0.7 mmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingru Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn , Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Heinz-S Kitzerow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn , Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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26
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Martens K, Funck T, Kempter S, Roller EM, Liedl T, Blaschke BM, Knecht P, Garrido JA, Zhang B, Kitzerow H. Alignment and Graphene-Assisted Decoration of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals Containing DNA Origami Nanostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1658-1666. [PMID: 26849188 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Composites of DNA origami nanostructures dispersed in a lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal are studied by polarizing optical microscopy. The homogeneous aqueous dispersions can be uniformly aligned by confinement between two glass substrates, either parallel to the substrates owing to uniaxial rubbing or perpendicular to the substrates using ozonized graphene layers. These opportunities of uniform alignment may pave the way for tailored anisometric plasmonic DNA nanostructures to photonic materials. In addition, a decorated texture with nonuniform orientation is observed on substrates coated with pristine graphene. When the water is allowed to evaporate slowly, microscopic crystal needles appear, which are aligned along the local orientation of the director. This decoration method can be used for studying the local orientational order and the defects in chromonic liquid crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Martens
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Timon Funck
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Susanne Kempter
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Roller
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Tim Liedl
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Benno M Blaschke
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Knecht
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - José Antonio Garrido
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physics Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Bingru Zhang
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Heinz Kitzerow
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
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27
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Jiang H, Pan V, Vivek S, Weeks ER, Ke Y. Programmable DNA Hydrogels Assembled from Multidomain DNA Strands. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1156-62. [PMID: 26888015 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are important in biological and medical applications, such as drug delivery and tissue engineering. DNA hydrogels have attracted significant attention due to the programmability and biocompatibility of the material. We developed a series of low-cost one-strand DNA hydrogels self-assembled from single-stranded DNA monomers containing multiple palindromic domains. This new hydrogel design is simple and programmable. Thermal stability, mechanical properties, and loading capacity of these one-strand DNA hydrogels can be readily regulated by simply adjusting the DNA domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Jiang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Victor Pan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Skanda Vivek
- Emory University, Department of Physics, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322-2430, USA
| | - Eric R Weeks
- Emory University, Department of Physics, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322-2430, USA
| | - Yonggang Ke
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA.
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28
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Ma Y, Yang X, Wei Y, Yuan Q. Applications of DNA Nanotechnology in Synthesis and Assembly of Inorganic Nanomaterials. CHINESE J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201500835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Chan MS, Tam DY, Dai Z, Liu LS, Ho JWT, Chan ML, Xu D, Wong MS, Tin C, Lo PK. Mitochondrial Delivery of Therapeutic Agents by Amphiphilic DNA Nanocarriers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:770-81. [PMID: 26690974 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The first example of mitochondrial delivery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) is presented by lipid-functionalized DNA nanocages (LNCs). Dox localized in mitochondria induces significant cytotoxicity and cellular apoptosis in MCF-7 compared with Dox localized in lysosomes. These results suggest that LNC has the potential to be an outstanding tool in the treatment of specific organelle-related diseases such as cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miu Shan Chan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Dick Yan Tam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ziwen Dai
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ling Sum Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jonathan Weng-Thim Ho
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man Lee Chan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Man Shing Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chung Tin
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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30
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Kim YN, Jung Y. Artificial supramolecular protein assemblies as functional high-order protein scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:5352-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00116e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Artificial supramolecular protein assemblies can serve as novel high-order scaffolds that can display various functional proteins with defined valencies and organization, offering unprecedented functional bio-architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-na Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Daejeon 305-701
- Korea
| | - Yongwon Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Daejeon 305-701
- Korea
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31
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Chandrasekaran AR. Designer DNA Architectures: Applications in Nanomedicine. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2016; 3:6. [PMID: 29942381 PMCID: PMC5998270 DOI: 10.5772/63228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA has been used as a material for the construction of nanoscale objects. These nanostructures are programmable and allow the conjugation of biomolecular guests to improve their functionality. DNA nanostructures display a wide variety of characteristics, such as cellular permeability, biocompatibility and stability, and responsiveness to external stimuli, making them excellent candidates for applications in nanomedicine.
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Goltry S, Hallstrom N, Clark T, Kuang W, Lee J, Jorcyk C, Knowlton WB, Yurke B, Hughes WL, Graugnard E. DNA topology influences molecular machine lifetime in human serum. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:10382-90. [PMID: 25959862 PMCID: PMC4457601 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02283e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology holds the potential for enabling new tools for biomedical engineering, including diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics. However, applications for DNA devices are thought to be limited by rapid enzymatic degradation in serum and blood. Here, we demonstrate that a key aspect of DNA nanotechnology-programmable molecular shape-plays a substantial role in device lifetimes. These results establish the ability to operate synthetic DNA devices in the presence of endogenous enzymes and challenge the textbook view of near instantaneous degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Goltry
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA . ; Fax: +1-208-426-4466 ; Tel: +1-208-426-4026
| | - Natalya Hallstrom
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA . ; Fax: +1-208-426-4466 ; Tel: +1-208-426-4026
| | - Tyler Clark
- Department of Physics , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA
- Department of Mathematics , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA
| | - Wan Kuang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA
| | - Jeunghoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA . ; Fax: +1-208-426-4466 ; Tel: +1-208-426-4026
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA
| | - Cheryl Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA
| | - William B. Knowlton
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA . ; Fax: +1-208-426-4466 ; Tel: +1-208-426-4026
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA
| | - Bernard Yurke
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA . ; Fax: +1-208-426-4466 ; Tel: +1-208-426-4026
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA
| | - William L. Hughes
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA . ; Fax: +1-208-426-4466 ; Tel: +1-208-426-4026
| | - Elton Graugnard
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Boise State University , Boise , Idaho 83725 , USA . ; Fax: +1-208-426-4466 ; Tel: +1-208-426-4026
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33
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Green fluorescent protein nanopolygons as monodisperse supramolecular assemblies of functional proteins with defined valency. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7134. [PMID: 25972078 PMCID: PMC4479010 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular protein assemblies offer novel nanoscale architectures with molecular precision and unparalleled functional diversity. A key challenge, however, is to create precise nano-assemblies of functional proteins with both defined structures and a controlled number of protein-building blocks. Here we report a series of supramolecular green fluorescent protein oligomers that are assembled in precise polygonal geometries and prepared in a monodisperse population. Green fluorescent protein is engineered to be self-assembled in cells into oligomeric assemblies that are natively separated in a single-protein resolution by surface charge manipulation, affording monodisperse protein (nano)polygons from dimer to decamer. Several functional proteins are multivalently displayed on the oligomers with controlled orientations. Spatial arrangements of protein oligomers and displayed functional proteins are directly visualized by a transmission electron microscope. By employing our functional protein assemblies, we provide experimental insight into multivalent protein–protein interactions and tools to manipulate receptor clustering on live cell surfaces. Supramolecular protein assemblies can provide novel nano-architectures with diverse structures and functions. Here, the authors report a fabrication strategy for a series of monodisperse protein oligomers, which allows valency-controlled display of various functional proteins.
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34
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Samanta A, Banerjee S, Liu Y. DNA nanotechnology for nanophotonic applications. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:2210-20. [PMID: 25592639 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06283c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has touched the epitome of miniaturization by integrating various nanometer size particles with nanometer precision. This enticing bottom-up approach has employed small DNA tiles, large multi-dimensional polymeric structures or more recently DNA origami to organize nanoparticles of different inorganic materials, small organic molecules or macro-biomolecules like proteins, and RNAs into fascinating patterns that are difficult to achieve by other conventional methods. Here, we are especially interested in the self-assembly of nanomaterials that are potentially attractive elements in the burgeoning field of nanophotonics. These materials include plasmonic nanoparticles, quantum dots, fluorescent organic dyes, etc. DNA based self-assembly allows excellent control over distance, orientation and stoichiometry of these nano-elements that helps to engineer intelligent systems that can potentially pave the path for future technology. Many outstanding structures have been fabricated that are capable of fine tuning optical properties, such as fluorescence intensity and lifetime modulation, enhancement of Raman scattering and emergence of circular dichroism responses. Within the limited scope of this review we have tried to give a glimpse of the development of this still nascent but highly promising field to its current status as well as the existing challenges before us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Samanta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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35
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Zhao Y, Xu L, Ma W, Liu L, Wang L, Kuang H, Xu C. Shell-programmed Au nanoparticle heterodimers with customized chiroptical activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:4770-4777. [PMID: 25136975 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chiral plasmonic assemblies with strong and tunable chiroptical activity are emerging materials yet challenging to fabricate. Moreover, shell-programmed chiroptical regulation is really rare. Here, the chiroptical activity of core-shell (CS) nanoparticles (NPs) heterodimers (HDs) with different types and thicknesses of the shell but featuring the same gap was exploited. It was found that the type of shell guided the position of the chiral peaks, and the shell thickness tuned the intensity but also moderately affected the wavelength shift at invariable interparticle distance. Shell deposition intensified the hot-spot chirality, and evidently guided the enantiomorphous chiral configuration, resulting in a startlingly intense, asymmetric, dipolar coupling strength. The magnitude of the chiroptical activity showed an 8-10 fold enhancement with a maximum anisotropy factor (g-factor) of 1.5 × 10(-2) . Shell-driven chiroptical regulation opens new avenues to feasibly fabricate chiroptically active materials with desired chiroptical response for the development of switchable recognition units for sensitive and various target detections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- State Key Lab of Food Science & Technology and School of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
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36
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Wang D, Capehart SL, Pal S, Liu M, Zhang L, Schuck PJ, Liu Y, Yan H, Francis MB, De Yoreo JJ. Hierarchical assembly of plasmonic nanostructures using virus capsid scaffolds on DNA origami templates. ACS NANO 2014; 8:7896-904. [PMID: 25020109 DOI: 10.1021/nn5015819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Building plasmonic nanostructures using biomolecules as scaffolds has shown great potential for attaining tunable light absorption and emission via precise spatial organization of optical species and antennae. Here we report bottom-up assembly of hierarchical plasmonic nanostructures using DNA origami templates and MS2 virus capsids. These serve as programmable scaffolds that provide molecular level control over the distribution of fluorophores and nanometer-scale control over their distance from a gold nanoparticle antenna. While previous research using DNA origami to assemble plasmonic nanostructures focused on determining the distance-dependent response of single fluorophores, here we address the challenge of constructing hybrid nanostructures that present an organized ensemble of fluorophores and then investigate the plasmonic response. By combining finite-difference time-domain numerical simulations with atomic force microscopy and correlated scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy, we find that the use of the scaffold keeps the majority of the fluorophores out of the quenching zone, leading to increased fluorescence intensity and mild levels of enhancement. The results show that the degree of enhancement can be controlled by exploiting capsid scaffolds of different sizes and tuning capsid-AuNP distances. These bioinspired plasmonic nanostructures provide a flexible design for manipulating photonic excitation and photoemission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debin Wang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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37
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Torelli E, Marini M, Palmano S, Piantanida L, Polano C, Scarpellini A, Lazzarino M, Firrao G. A DNA origami nanorobot controlled by nucleic acid hybridization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:2918-2926. [PMID: 24648163 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A prototype for a DNA origami nanorobot is designed, produced, and tested. The cylindrical nanorobot (diameter of 14 nm and length of 48 nm) with a switchable flap, is able to respond to an external stimulus and reacts by a physical switch from a disarmed to an armed configuration able to deliver a cellular compatible message. In the tested design the robot weapon is a nucleic acid fully contained in the inner of the tube and linked to a single point of the internal face of the flap. Upon actuation the nanorobot moves the flap extracting the nucleic acid that assembles into a hemin/G-quadruplex horseradish peroxidase mimicking DNAzyme catalyzing a colorimetric reaction or chemiluminescence generation. The actuation switch is triggered by an external nucleic acid (target) that interacts with a complementary nucleic acid that is beard externally by the nanorobot (probe). Hybridization of probe and target produces a localized structural change that results in flap opening. The flap movement is studied on a two-dimensional prototype origami using Förster resonance energy transfer and is shown to be triggered by a variety of targets, including natural RNAs. The nanorobot has potential for in vivo biosensing and intelligent delivery of biological activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Torelli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
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Abstract
CONSPECTUS: Eight years have passed since the striking debut of the DNA origami technique ( Rothemund, P. W. K. Nature 2006 , 440 , 297 - 302 ), in which long single-stranded DNA is folded into a designed nanostructure, in either 2D or 3D, with the aid of many short staple strands. The number of proposals for new design principles for DNA origami structures seems to have already reached a peak. It is apparent that DNA origami study is now entering the second phase of creating practical applications. The development of functional nanomechanical molecular devices using the DNA origami technique is one such application attracting significant interest from researchers in the field. Nanomechanical DNA origami devices, which maintain the characteristics of DNA origami structures, have various advantages over conventional DNA nanomachines. Comparatively high assembly yield, relatively large size visible via atomic force microscopy (AFM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the capability to assemble multiple functional groups with precision using multiple staple strands are some of the advantages of the DNA origami technique for constructing sophisticated molecular devices. This Account describes the recent developments of such nanomechanical DNA origami devices and reviews the emerging target of DNA origami studies. First, simple "dynamic" DNA origami structures with transformation capability, such as DNA origami boxes and a DNA origami hatch with structure control, are briefly summarized. More elaborate nanomechanical DNA origami devices are then reviewed. The first example describes DNA origami pinching devices that can be used as "single-molecule" beacons to detect a variety of biorelated molecules, from metal ions at the size of a few tens of atomic mass number units to relatively gigantic proteins with a molecular mass greater than a hundred kilodaltons, all on a single platform. Clamshell-like DNA nanorobots equipped with logic gates can discriminate different cell lines, open their shell, and bind to their target. An intelligent DNA origami "sheath" can mimic the function of suppressors in a transcription regulation system to control the expression of a loaded gene. DNA origami "rolls" are created to construct precisely arranged plasmonic devices with metal nanoparticles. All of their functions are derived from their nanomechanical movement, which is programmable by designing the DNA sequence or by using the significant repository of technical achievements in nucleic acid chemistry. Finally, some studies on detailed structural parameters of DNA origami or their mechanical properties in nanoscale are discussed, which may be useful and inspiring for readers who intend to design new nanomechanical DNA origami devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Kuzuya
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35
Yamate, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan
Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8
Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ohya
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35
Yamate, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
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Abstract
Validating and testing a fluorescence microscope or a microscopy method requires defined samples that can be used as standards. DNA origami is a new tool that provides a framework to place defined numbers of small molecules such as fluorescent dyes or proteins in a programmed geometry with nanometer precision. The flexibility and versatility in the design of DNA origami microscopy standards makes them ideally suited for the broad variety of emerging super-resolution microscopy methods. As DNA origami structures are durable and portable, they can become a universally available specimen to check the everyday functionality of a microscope. The standards are immobilized on a glass slide, and they can be imaged without further preparation and can be stored for up to 6 months. We describe a detailed protocol for the design, production and use of DNA origami microscopy standards, and we introduce a DNA origami rectangle, bundles and a nanopillar as fluorescent nanoscopic rulers. The protocol provides procedures for the design and realization of fluorescent marks on DNA origami structures, their production and purification, quality control, handling, immobilization, measurement and data analysis. The procedure can be completed in 1-2 d.
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40
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DNA from natural sources in design of functional devices. Methods 2014; 67:105-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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41
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Chan MS, Lo PK. Nanoneedle-assisted delivery of site-selective peptide-functionalized DNA nanocages for targeting mitochondria and nuclei. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1255-60. [PMID: 24323905 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-functionalized DNA nano-objects selectively target mitochondria and the nucleus by means of nanoneedle-assisted delivery. This technology preserves the cell viability and structural integrity of nanostructures and assists the nano-objects in escaping degradation by endocytosis. This method opens up a new avenue for further in vitro studies of intracellular behaviors of DNA assemblies and their interactions in specific organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miu Shan Chan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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42
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Hong CA, Jang B, Jeong EH, Jeong H, Lee H. Self-assembled DNA nanostructures prepared by rolling circle amplification for the delivery of siRNA conjugates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:13049-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03834g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale preparation of DNA nanostructures for siRNA delivery has been achieved by an isothermal enzymatic amplification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Am Hong
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Jang
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Jeong
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansaem Jeong
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
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