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Xie X, Albrecht W, van Huis MA, van Blaaderen A. Unexpectedly high thermal stability of Au nanotriangle@mSiO 2 yolk-shell nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4787-4795. [PMID: 38305037 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05916b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The shape of Au nanoparticles (NPs) plays a crucial role for applications in, amongst others, catalysis, electronic devices, biomedicine, and sensing. Typically, the deformation of the morphology of Au NPs is the most significant cause of loss of functionality. Here, we systematically investigate the thermal stability of Au nanotriangles (NTs) coated with (mesoporous) silica shells with different morphologies (core-shell (CS): Au NT@mSiO2/yolk-shell (YS): Au NT@mSiO2) and compare these to 'bare' nanoparticles (Au NTs), by a combination of in situ and/or ex situ TEM techniques and spectroscopy methods. Au NTs with a mesoporous silica (mSiO2) coating were found to show much higher thermal stability than those without a mSiO2 coating, as the mSiO2 shell restricts the (self-)diffusion of surface atoms. For the Au NT@mSiO2 CS and YS NPs, a thicker mSiO2 shell provides better protection than uncoated Au NTs. Surprisingly, the Au NT@mSiO2 YS NPs were found to be as stable as Au NT@mSiO2 CS NPs with a core-shell morphology. We hypothesize that the only explanation for this unexpected finding was the thicker and higher density SiO2 shell of YS NPs that prevents diffusion of Au surface atoms to more thermodynamically favorable positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Xie
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Wiebke Albrecht
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marijn A van Huis
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Alfons van Blaaderen
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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2
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Han Y, Wang L, Cao K, Zhou J, Zhu Y, Hou Y, Lu Y. In Situ TEM Characterization and Modulation for Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2023; 123:14119-14184. [PMID: 38055201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state phase transformation is an intriguing phenomenon in crystalline or noncrystalline solids due to the distinct physical and chemical properties that can be obtained and modified by phase engineering. Compared to bulk solids, nanomaterials exhibit enhanced capability for phase engineering due to their small sizes and high surface-to-volume ratios, facilitating various emerging applications. To establish a comprehensive atomistic understanding of phase engineering, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques have emerged as powerful tools, providing unprecedented atomic-resolution imaging, multiple characterization and stimulation mechanisms, and real-time integrations with various external fields. In this Review, we present a comprehensive overview of recent advances in in situ TEM studies to characterize and modulate nanomaterials for phase transformations under different stimuli, including mechanical, thermal, electrical, environmental, optical, and magnetic factors. We briefly introduce crystalline structures and polymorphism and then summarize phase stability and phase transformation models. The advanced experimental setups of in situ techniques are outlined and the advantages of in situ TEM phase engineering are highlighted, as demonstrated via several representative examples. Besides, the distinctive properties that can be obtained from in situ phase engineering are presented. Finally, current challenges and future research opportunities, along with their potential applications, are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ke Cao
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Jingzhuo Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yingxin Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yuan Hou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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3
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Abstract
Nucleation and growth are critical steps in crystallization, which plays an important role in determining crystal structure, size, morphology, and purity. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of nucleation and growth is crucial to realize the controllable fabrication of crystalline products with desired and reproducible properties. Based on classical models, the initial crystal nucleus is formed by the spontaneous aggregation of ions, atoms, or molecules, and crystal growth is dependent on the monomer's diffusion and the surface reaction. Recently, numerous in situ investigations on crystallization dynamics have uncovered the existence of nonclassical mechanisms. This review provides a summary and highlights the in situ studies of crystal nucleation and growth, with a particular emphasis on the state-of-the-art research progress since the year 2016, and includes technological advances, atomic-scale observations, substrate- and temperature-dependent nucleation and growth, and the progress achieved in the various materials: metals, alloys, metallic compounds, colloids, and proteins. Finally, the forthcoming opportunities and challenges in this fascinating field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Francis Leonard Deepak
- Nanostructured Materials Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre Jose Veiga, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
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4
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Dzhardimalieva GI, Uflyand IE. Conjugated Thermolysis of Metal-Containing Monomers: Toward Core–Shell Nanostructured Advanced Materials. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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5
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Tai KL, Huang CW, Cai RF, Huang GM, Tseng YT, Chen J, Wu WW. Atomic-Scale Fabrication of In-Plane Heterojunctions of Few-Layer MoS 2 via In Situ Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1905516. [PMID: 31825564 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Layered MoS2 is a prospective candidate for use in energy harvesting, valleytronics, and nanoelectronics. Its properties strongly related to its stacking configuration and the number of layers. Due to its atomically thin nature, understanding the atomic-level and structural modifications of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides is still underdeveloped, particularly the spatial control and selective precision. Therefore, the development of nanofabrication techniques is essential. Here, an atomic-scale approach used to sculpt 2D few-layer MoS2 into lateral heterojunctions via in situ scanning/transmission electron microscopy (STEM/TEM) is developed. The dynamic evolution is tracked using ultrafast and high-resolution filming equipment. The assembly behaviors inherent to few-layer 2D-materials are observed during the process and included the following: scrolling, folding, etching, and restructuring. Atomic resolution STEM is employed to identify the layer variation and stacking sequence for this new 2D-architecture. Subsequent energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy analyses are performed to corroborate the elemental distribution. This sculpting technique that is established allows for the formation of sub-10 nm features, produces diverse nanostructures, and preserves the crystallinity of the material. The lateral heterointerfaces created in this study also pave the way for the design of quantum-relevant geometries, flexible optoelectronics, and energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Lun Tai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Huang
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Nanotechnology Research Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 310, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Fong Cai
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Nanotechnology Research Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 310, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Min Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tang Tseng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, OX1 2JD, Oxford, UK
| | - Wen-Wei Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan
- Center for the Intelligent Semiconductor Nano-system Technology Research, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
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6
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Zheng H, Cao F, Zhao L, Jiang R, Zhao P, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Meng S, Li K, Jia S, Li L, Wang J. Atomistic and dynamic structural characterizations in low-dimensional materials: recent applications of in situ transmission electron microscopy. Microscopy (Oxf) 2019; 68:423-433. [PMID: 31746339 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfz038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ transmission electron microscopy has achieved remarkable advances for atomic-scale dynamic analysis in low-dimensional materials and become an indispensable tool in view of linking a material's microstructure to its properties and performance. Here, accompanied with some cutting-edge researches worldwide, we briefly review our recent progress in dynamic atomistic characterization of low-dimensional materials under external mechanical stress, thermal excitations and electrical field. The electron beam irradiation effects in metals and metal oxides are also discussed. We conclude by discussing the likely future developments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zheng
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fan Cao
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Hubei Key Lab of Ferro- and Piezo-electric Materials and Devices, Faculty of Physics & Electronic Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ligong Zhao
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Renhui Jiang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peili Zhao
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yanjie Wei
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shuang Meng
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shuangfeng Jia
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Luying Li
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization and Devices, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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7
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Kim S, Jung HJ, Kim JC, Lee KS, Park SS, Dravid VP, He K, Jeong HY. In Situ Observation of Resistive Switching in an Asymmetric Graphene Oxide Bilayer Structure. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7335-7342. [PMID: 29985600 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide decorated with oxygen functional groups is a promising candidate as an active layer in resistive switching devices due to its controllable physical-chemical properties, high flexibility, and transparency. However, the origin of conductive channels and their growth dynamics remain a major challenge. We use in situ transmission electron microscopy techniques to demonstrate that nanoscale graphene oxide sheets bonded with oxygen dynamically change their physical and chemical structures upon an applied electric field. Artificially engineered bilayer reduced graphene oxide films with asymmetric oxygen content exhibit nonvolatile write-once-read-many memory behaviors without experiencing the bubble destruction due to the efficient migration of oxygen ions. We clearly observe that a conductive graphitic channel with a conical shape evolves from the upper oxygen-rich region to the lower oxygen-poor region. These findings provide fundamental guidance for understanding the oxygen motions of oxygen-containing carbon materials for future carbon-based nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungkyu Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Hee Joon Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Jong Chan Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNIST , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Lee
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF) , UNIST , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNIST , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Kai He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and NUANCE Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , UNIST , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF) , UNIST , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
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8
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Samadi M, Sarikhani N, Zirak M, Zhang H, Zhang HL, Moshfegh AZ. Group 6 transition metal dichalcogenide nanomaterials: synthesis, applications and future perspectives. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2018; 3:90-204. [PMID: 32254071 DOI: 10.1039/c7nh00137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Group 6 transition metal dichalcogenides (G6-TMDs), most notably MoS2, MoSe2, MoTe2, WS2 and WSe2, constitute an important class of materials with a layered crystal structure. Various types of G6-TMD nanomaterials, such as nanosheets, nanotubes and quantum dot nano-objects and flower-like nanostructures, have been synthesized. High thermodynamic stability under ambient conditions, even in atomically thin form, made nanosheets of these inorganic semiconductors a valuable asset in the existing library of two-dimensional (2D) materials, along with the well-known semimetallic graphene and insulating hexagonal boron nitride. G6-TMDs generally possess an appropriate bandgap (1-2 eV) which is tunable by size and dimensionality and changes from indirect to direct in monolayer nanosheets, intriguing for (opto)electronic, sensing, and solar energy harvesting applications. Moreover, rich intercalation chemistry and abundance of catalytically active edge sites make them promising for fabrication of novel energy storage devices and advanced catalysts. In this review, we provide an overview on all aspects of the basic science, physicochemical properties and characterization techniques as well as all existing production methods and applications of G6-TMD nanomaterials in a comprehensive yet concise treatment. Particular emphasis is placed on establishing a linkage between the features of production methods and the specific needs of rapidly growing applications of G6-TMDs to develop a production-application selection guide. Based on this selection guide, a framework is suggested for future research on how to bridge existing knowledge gaps and improve current production methods towards technological application of G6-TMD nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morasae Samadi
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9161, Iran.
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9
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Fernando JFS, Zhang C, Firestein KL, Golberg D. Optical and Optoelectronic Property Analysis of Nanomaterials inside Transmission Electron Microscope. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13. [PMID: 28902975 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allows one to investigate nanostructures at high spatial resolution in response to external stimuli, such as heat, electrical current, mechanical force and light. This review exclusively focuses on the optical, optoelectronic and photocatalytic studies inside TEM. With the development of TEMs and specialized TEM holders that include in situ illumination and light collection optics, it is possible to perform optical spectroscopies and diverse optoelectronic experiments inside TEM with simultaneous high resolution imaging of nanostructures. Optical TEM holders combining the capability of a scanning tunneling microscopy probe have enabled nanomaterial bending/stretching and electrical measurements in tandem with illumination. Hence, deep insights into the optoelectronic property versus true structure and its dynamics could be established at the nanometer-range precision thus evaluating the suitability of a nanostructure for advanced light driven technologies. This report highlights systems for in situ illumination of TEM samples and recent research work based on the relevant methods, including nanomaterial cathodoluminescence, photoluminescence, photocatalysis, photodeposition, photoconductivity and piezophototronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F S Fernando
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Konstantin L Firestein
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Leninsky prospect 4, Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - Dmitri Golberg
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 3050044, Japan
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10
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Luo C, Wang C, Wu X, Zhang J, Chu J. In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Characterization and Manipulation of Two-Dimensional Layered Materials beyond Graphene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1604259. [PMID: 28783241 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201604259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ultra-thin materials beyond graphene with rich physical properties and unique layered structures are promising for applications in electronics, chemistry, energy, and bioscience, etc. The interaction mechanisms among the structures, chemical compositions and physical properties of 2D layered materials are critical for fundamental nanosciences and the practical fabrication of next-generation nanodevices. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with its high spatial resolution and versatile external fields, is undoubtedly a powerful tool for the static characterization and dynamic manipulation of nanomaterials and nanodevices at the atomic scale. The rapid development of thin-film and precision microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) techniques allows 2D layered materials and nanodevices to be probed and engineered inside TEM under external stimuli such as thermal, electrical, mechanical, liquid/gas environmental, optical, and magnetic fields at the nanoscale. Such advanced technologies leverage the traditional static TEM characterization into an in situ and interactive manipulation of 2D layered materials without sacrificing the resolution or the high vacuum chamber environment, facilitating exploration of the intrinsic structure-property relationship of 2D layered materials. In this Review, the dynamic properties tailored and observed by the most advanced and unprecedented in situ TEM technology are introduced. The challenges in spatial, time and energy resolution are discussed also.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chaolun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
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11
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Wang L, Teng J, Sha X, Zou J, Zhang Z, Han X. Plastic Deformation through Dislocation Saturation in Ultrasmall Pt Nanocrystals and Its in Situ Atomistic Mechanisms. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:4733-4739. [PMID: 28715223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The atomic-scale deformation dynamic behaviors of Pt nanocrystals with size of ∼18 nm were in situ investigated using our homemade device in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. It was discovered that the plastic deformation of the nanosized single crystalline Pt commenced with dislocation "appreciation" first, then followed by a dislocation "saturation" phenomenon. The magnitude of strain plays a key role on dislocation behaviors. At the early to medium stage of deformation, the plastic deformation was controlled by the full dislocation activities accompanied by the formation of Lomer dislocation locks from reaction of full dislocations. When the strain increased to a significant level, stacking faults and extended dislocations as well as Lomer-Cottrell locks appeared. The Lomer-Cottrell locks can unlock through transferring into Lomer dislocation locks first, and then Lomer dislocation locks were destructed under high stresses. The very high density dislocations and the frequent dislocation reactions through Lomer dislocations and Lomer-Cottrell locks may lead to work hardening in nanosized Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jiao Teng
- Department of Material Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuechao Sha
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
| | | | - Ze Zhang
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
- Department of Materials Science, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
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12
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El Mel AA, Bittencourt C. In situ conversion of nanostructures from solid to hollow in transmission electron microscopes using electron beam. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:10876-84. [PMID: 27172892 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02293f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
With the current development of electron beam sources, the use of transmission electron microscopes is no more limited to imaging or chemical analysis but has rather been extended to nanoengineering. This includes the e-beam induced growth, etching and structural transformation of nanomaterials. In this review we summarize recent progress on the e-beam induced morphological transformation of nanostructures from solid to hollow. We provide a detailed account of the processes reported so far in the literature with a special emphasis on the mechanistic understanding of the e-beam induced hollowing of nanomaterials. Through an important number of examples, we discuss how one can achieve a precise control of such hollowing processes by understanding the fundamental mechanisms occurring at the atomic scale during the irradiation of solid nanostructures. Finally, we conclude with remarks and our own view on the prospective future directions of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Aziz El Mel
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France.
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13
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Zhang L. Molecular dynamics simulations of the atom packing characteristics of three deformed silver nanoparticles at room temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7310-7. [PMID: 26899951 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00188b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deformation is of significance in controlling the shape of materials, but the key structural information of metal nanoparticles is still limited. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to explore the microscopic details of atom packing differences in three deformed silver nanoparticles with one atom difference. Analytical tools are used to demonstrate the effects of external load and surface atoms of particles on the packing patterns in these deformed nanoparticles including internal energy per atom, pair numbers, and pair distribution functions as well as cross-sectional images. The simulation results show that under small compression, the particles present elastic behaviors. The increasing compression results in the sliding of the atoms in different parts of these particles, and some interfaces are formed between these parts. As the external load becomes large, these deformed particles are compressed into the thickness of several atomic layers. The unloaded particles present different behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Institute of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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14
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Carenco S, Moldovan S, Roiban L, Florea I, Portehault D, Vallé K, Belleville P, Boissière C, Rozes L, Mézailles N, Drillon M, Sanchez C, Ersen O. The core contribution of transmission electron microscopy to functional nanomaterials engineering. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:1260-1279. [PMID: 26674446 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05460e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Research on nanomaterials and nanostructured materials is burgeoning because their numerous and versatile applications contribute to solve societal needs in the domain of medicine, energy, environment and STICs. Optimizing their properties requires in-depth analysis of their structural, morphological and chemical features at the nanoscale. In a transmission electron microscope (TEM), combining tomography with electron energy loss spectroscopy and high-magnification imaging in high-angle annular dark-field mode provides access to all features of the same object. Today, TEM experiments in three dimensions are paramount to solve tough structural problems associated with nanoscale matter. This approach allowed a thorough morphological description of silica fibers. Moreover, quantitative analysis of the mesoporous network of binary metal oxide prepared by template-assisted spray-drying was performed, and the homogeneity of amino functionalized metal-organic frameworks was assessed. Besides, the morphology and internal structure of metal phosphide nanoparticles was deciphered, providing a milestone for understanding phase segregation at the nanoscale. By extrapolating to larger classes of materials, from soft matter to hard metals and/or ceramics, this approach allows probing small volumes and uncovering materials characteristics and properties at two or three dimensions. Altogether, this feature article aims at providing (nano)materials scientists with a representative set of examples that illustrates the capabilities of modern TEM and tomography, which can be transposed to their own research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Carenco
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Simona Moldovan
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - Lucian Roiban
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - Ileana Florea
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - David Portehault
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | | | | | - Cédric Boissière
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Laurence Rozes
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5069, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Marc Drillon
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - Clément Sanchez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
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