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Rho YJ, Lee C, Kim M, Ryu WH. Symmetric Catalyst Design Employing Ir Nanoparticles on Black WO 3- x Nanofiber Support for Boosting Water Electrolysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401858. [PMID: 38693069 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The efficient evolution of gaseous hydrogen and oxygen from water is required to realize sustainable energy conversion systems. To address the sluggish kinetics of the multielectron transfer reaction, bifunctional catalyst materials for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) should be developed. Herein, a tailored combination of atomically minimized iridium catalysts and highly conductive black WO3- x nanofiber supports are developed for the bifunctional electrolyzer system. Atomic Ir catalysts, particularly those that activate the OER, minimize the utilization of precious metals. The oxygen-deficient black WO3- x NF support, which boosts the HER, offers increased electronic conductivity and favorable nucleation sites for Ir loading. The Ir-black WO3- x NFs exhibit increased double-layer capacitance, a significantly reduced onset potential, lower Tafel slope, and stable cyclability for both the OER and HER, compared to large-sized Ir catalysts loaded on white WO3 nanofibers. This study offers a strategy for developing an optimal catalyst material with suitable supports for high-performance and economical water electrolysis systems for achieving carbon-negative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo-Jin Rho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsoo Lee
- Hydrogen Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJoong Kim
- Hydrogen Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hee Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
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2
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Liu Y, Xue W, Liu X, Wei F, Lin X, Lu XF, Lin W, Hou Y, Zhang G, Wang S. Ultrafine Pt Nanoparticles on Defective Tungsten Oxide for Photocatalytic Ethylene Synthesis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402004. [PMID: 38686672 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The selective conversion of ethane (C2H6) to ethylene (C2H4) under mild conditions is highly wanted, yet very challenging. Herein, it is demonstrated that a Pt/WO3-x catalyst, constructed by supporting ultrafine Pt nanoparticles on the surface of oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide (WO3-x) nanoplates, is efficient and reusable for photocatalytic C2H6 dehydrogenation to produce C2H4 with high selectivity. Specifically, under pure light irradiation, the optimized Pt/WO3-x photocatalyst exhibits C2H4 and H2 yield rates of 291.8 and 373.4 µmol g-1 h-1, respectively, coupled with a small formation of CO (85.2 µmol g-1 h-1) and CH4 (19.0 µmol g-1 h-1), corresponding to a high C2H4 selectivity of 84.9%. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the vacancy-rich WO3-x catalyst enables broad optical harvesting to generate charge carriers by light for working the redox reactions. Meanwhile, the Pt cocatalyst reinforces adsorption of C2H6, desorption of key reaction species, and separation and migration of light-induced charges to promote the dehydrogenation reaction with high productivity and selectivity. In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation expose the key intermediates formed on the Pt/WO3-x catalyst during the reaction, which permits the construction of the possible C2H6 dehydrogenation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Weichao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Fen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiahui Lin
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xue Feng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Sibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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Ji X, Zhu L, Hsu JC, Wang H, Zhou J, Wang Q, Li Y, Cai W, Ni D, Wu Z. Tungsten-based nanoparticles as contrast agents for liver tumor detection using dual-energy computed tomography. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7817-7825. [PMID: 37873585 PMCID: PMC10873050 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01068f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is a commonly used imaging technique for detecting and diagnosing liver cancer. Currently, it is performed using clinically approved iodinated small molecule contrast agents (CAs). However, these iodinated CAs have several drawbacks, including sub-optimal contrast generation and contra-indication in patients with renal insufficiency. Herein, we synthesized tungsten-based CAs (i.e., WO3-x NPs) with excellent biocompatibility and investigated their effectiveness in DECT imaging. WO3-x NPs significantly enhanced the contrast between liver tumors and normal liver tissues as indicated by in vivo DECT imaging. Furthermore, WO3-x NPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility and minimal systemic toxicity. This study introduces a novel class of CAs for DECT and presents a promising method for accurate early diagnosis of liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuru Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Rd, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China.
| | - Lan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China.
| | - Jessica C Hsu
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Rd, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China.
| | - Jingwei Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd., Huangpu District, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China.
| | - Yuhan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Rd, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China.
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
| | - Dalong Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Rd, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China.
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Wang S, Wang M, Zhang Y, Wang H, Fei H, Liu R, Kong H, Gao R, Zhao S, Liu T, Wang Y, Ni M, Ciucci F, Wang J. Metal Oxide-Supported Metal Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Characterization Methods, Modulation Strategies, and Recent Progress. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2201714. [PMID: 37029582 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with complex multielectron transfer steps significantly limits the large-scale application of electrochemical energy devices, including metal-air batteries and fuel cells. Recent years witnessed the development of metal oxide-supported metal catalysts (MOSMCs), covering single atoms, clusters, and nanoparticles. As alternatives to conventional carbon-dispersed metal catalysts, MOSMCs are gaining increasing interest due to their unique electronic configuration and potentially high corrosion resistance. By engineering the metal oxide substrate, supported metal, and their interactions, MOSMCs can be facilely modulated. Significant progress has been made in advancing MOSMCs for ORR, and their further development warrants advanced characterization methods to better understand MOSMCs and precise modulation strategies to boost their functionalities. In this regard, a comprehensive review of MOSMCs for ORR is still lacking despite this fast-developing field. To eliminate this gap, advanced characterization methods are introduced for clarifying MOSMCs experimentally and theoretically, discuss critical methods of boosting their intrinsic activities and number of active sites, and systematically overview the status of MOSMCs based on different metal oxide substrates for ORR. By conveying methods, research status, critical challenges, and perspectives, this review will rationally promote the design of MOSMCs for electrochemical energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yunze Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Hao Fei
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ruoqi Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hui Kong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ruijie Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Zhao
- Department of Building and Real Estate, Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD) & Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Building and Real Estate, Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD) & Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, HKUST, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Meng Ni
- Department of Building and Real Estate, Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD) & Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Francesco Ciucci
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, HKUST, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen, 518048, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
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Zhang K, Li Y, Fu Z, Chi X, Xiong Y, Yao Y, Wang X, Tang Z, Wang J, Nie K, Yang Z, Yan YM. Regulation of the Work Function Difference Promotes In Situ Phase Transition of WO 3-x for Efficient Formate Electrooxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36881479 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct formate fuel cells (DFFCs) have drawn tremendous attention because they are environmentally benign and have good safety. However, the lack of advanced catalysts for formate electrooxidation hinders the development and applications of DFFCs. Herein, we report a strategy of regulating the metal-substrate work function difference to effectively promote the transfer of adsorbed hydrogen (Had), thus enhancing formate electrooxidation in alkaline solutions. By introducing rich oxygen vacancies, the obtained catalysts of Pd/WO3-x-R show outstanding formate electrooxidation activity, exhibiting an extremely high peak current of 15.50 mA cm-2 with a lower peak potential of 0.63 V. In situ electrochemical Fourier transform infrared and in situ Raman measurements verify an enhanced in situ phase transition from WO3-x to HxWO3-x during the formate oxidation reaction process over the Pd/WO3-x-R catalyst. The results of experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the work function difference (ΔΦ) between the metal (Pd) and substrate (WO3-x) would be regulated by inducing oxygen vacancies in the substrate, resulting in improved hydrogen spillover at the interface of the catalyst, which is essentially responsible for the observed high performance of formate oxidation. Our findings provide a novel strategy of rationally designing efficient formate electrooxidation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongjia Li
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fu
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinyue Chi
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiong
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yebo Yao
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiaou Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiqi Nie
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi-Ming Yan
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Yu X, Tian H, Fu Z, Pei F, Peng L, Meng G, Kong F, Chen Y, Chen C, Chang Z, Cui X, Shi J. Strengthening the Hydrogen Spillover Effect via the Phase Transformation of W 18O 49 for Boosted Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yu
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Han Tian
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Zhengqian Fu
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Fenglai Pei
- Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Certification & Tech Innovation Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201805, P. R China
| | - Lingxin Peng
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ge Meng
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fantao Kong
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Yafeng Chen
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Chang Chen
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Chang
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhi Cui
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Research trends on minimizing the size of noble metal catalysts for Li-CO2 batteries: From nanoparticle to single atom. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Dong X, Lu Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Tong Y. Nanostructured tungsten oxide as photochromic material for smart devices, energy conversion, and environmental remediation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2022.100555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wu Z, Liao T, Wang S, Mudiyanselage JA, Micallef AS, Li W, O'Mullane AP, Yang J, Luo W, Ostrikov K, Gu Y, Sun Z. Conversion of Catalytically Inert 2D Bismuth Oxide Nanosheets for Effective Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysis via Oxygen Vacancy Concentration Modulation. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:90. [PMID: 35362783 PMCID: PMC8975907 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen vacancies (Vo) in electrocatalysts are closely correlated with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. The role of vacancy defects and the effect of their concentration, however, yet remains unclear. Herein, Bi2O3, an unfavorable electrocatalyst for the HER due to a less than ideal hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy (ΔGH*), is utilized as a perfect model to explore the function of Vo on HER performance. Through a facile plasma irradiation strategy, Bi2O3 nanosheets with different Vo concentrations are fabricated to evaluate the influence of defects on the HER process. Unexpectedly, while the generated oxygen vacancies contribute to the enhanced HER performance, higher Vo concentrations beyond a saturation value result in a significant drop in HER activity. By tunning the Vo concentration in the Bi2O3 nanosheets via adjusting the treatment time, the Bi2O3 catalyst with an optimized oxygen vacancy concentration and detectable charge carrier concentration of 1.52 × 1024 cm-3 demonstrates enhanced HER performance with an overpotential of 174.2 mV to reach 10 mA cm-2, a Tafel slope of 80 mV dec-1, and an exchange current density of 316 mA cm-2 in an alkaline solution, which approaches the top-tier activity among Bi-based HER electrocatalysts. Density-functional theory calculations confirm the preferred adsorption of H* onto Bi2O3 as a function of oxygen chemical potential (∆μO) and oxygen partial potential (PO2) and reveal that high Vo concentrations result in excessive stability of adsorbed hydrogen and hence the inferior HER activity. This study reveals the oxygen vacancy concentration-HER catalytic activity relationship and provides insights into activating catalytically inert materials into highly efficient electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Ting Liao
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Sen Wang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Janith Adikaram Mudiyanselage
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Aaron S Micallef
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Anthony P O'Mullane
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Kostya Ostrikov
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yuantong Gu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Ziqi Sun
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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