Phosphorylation and Octenylsuccinylation of Acid-Thinned Starch for Enhancing Adhesion on Cotton/Polyester Blend Fibers at Varied Temperature Sizing

Development of a Novel Energy Saving and Environmentally Friendly Starch via a Graft Copolymerization Strategy for Efficient Warp Sizing and Easy Removal

Warp sizing is a key process in textile production. However, before the yarn/fabric finishing, such as dyeing, the paste adhering to the warp must be eliminated to ensure optimal dyeing properties and the flexibility of the fabric. Therefore, the sizing will often consume a lot of energy and produce a lot of industrial wastewater, which will cause serious harm to the environment. In this study, we have developed an energy saving and environmentally friendly starch-based slurry by modifying natural starch with acrylamide. The paste has excellent viscosity stability and fiber adhesion, and exhibits excellent performance during warp sizing. In addition, the slurry has good water solubility at 60-70 °C, so it is easy to desize at low temperatures. Because of this, the sizing of the warp can be deslimed directly from the yarn during subsequent washing processes. This work can not only reduce some costs for the textile industry, but also achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

Justification of Starching Cotton and Aramid Yarns by Industrial and Laboratory Processes

The development and application of new types of fibres and their wider application influence the continuous invention of a more economical starching process, as one of the most expensive stages in the technological process of woven fabric production. For example, aramid fibres are increasingly used in clothing with effective protection from mechanical, thermal and abrasion exposure. Simultaneously, comfort and regulation of metabolic heat are extremely important, and this is achieved by using cotton woven fabrics. For such a woven fabrics to satisfy the protective properties and the possibility of all-day wear, fibre is needed, and thus a yarn, that will enable the efficient production of fine, light and comfortable protective woven fabrics. This paper investigates the influence of starching on the mechanical properties of aramid yarns and their comparison to cotton yarns of the same fineness. This will lead to knowledge about the efficiency and necessity of aramid yarn starching. The tests were carried out on an industrial and laboratory starching machine. According to the obtained results, the necessity and the improvement of the physical-mechanical properties of cotton and aramid yarns can be determined, both by industrial and laboratory starching. Finer yarn starched by the laboratory starching process achieves greater efficiency in the yarn's strength and resistance to wear, which indicates the need for starching aramid yarns, especially fineness 16.6 × 2 tex, but also finer ones.

Quaternization-butyrylation to improve the viscosity stability, adhesion to fibers, film properties and desizability of starch for warp sizing

The influence of the quaternization and butyrylation on the sizing properties of biological starch macromolecule was evaluated for acquiring a new starch bio-based size [quaternized-butyrylated starch (QBS)]. The sizing properties of granular QBS samples were investigated in comparison with acid-thinned starch (ATS) and quaternized starch (QS). The QBS samples with a DS range of 0.029-0.0779 exhibited bonding strengths of 17.0-18.3 cN/tex to cotton fibers [15.5 cN/tex (ATS, DS = 0) and 16.6 cN/tex (QS, DS = 0.0240)] and 31.0-34.3 cN/tex to polyester fibers [28.0 cN/tex (ATS) and 30.1 cN/tex (QS)], and their films showed breaking elongations of 2.99-3.51% [2.59% (ATS) and 2.81% (QS)] and tensile strengths of 36.5-32.1 MPa [38.1 MPa (ATS) and 37.3 MPa (QS)]. Compared with QS, significantly increased bonding strengths as well as obviously decreased strengths and increased elongations of the films for the QBS samples with the total DS ≥ 0.0635 were exhibited. As increasing the modification levels from 0.029 to 0.0779, QBS presented paste stabilities from 90.4% to 85.7% which met with the requirement in warp sizing, and displayed higher desizing efficiencies (93.2-93.8%) than ATS (91.5%) and QS (90.2%). Based on these results, the amphiphilic quaternization-butyrylation was a good means for starch to acquire good sizing properties.