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Gawade K, Raczynska KD. Imprinted small nucleolar RNAs: Missing link in development and disease? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023:e1818. [PMID: 37722601 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The 14q32.2 (DLK1-DIO3) and 15q11-q13 (SNURF-SNRPN) imprinted gene loci harbor the largest known small nucleolar RNA clusters expressed from the respective maternal and paternal alleles. Recent studies have demonstrated significant roles for the 15q11-q13 located SNORD115-SNORD116 C/D box snoRNAs in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), a neurodevelopmental disorder. Even though the effect of SNORD116 deletion is apparent in the PWS phenotype, similar effects of a SNORD113-SNORD114 cluster deletion from the 14q32.2 locus in Kagami-Ogata syndrome (KOS14) and upregulation in Temple syndrome (TS14) remain to be explored. Moreover, apart from their probable involvement in neurodevelopmental disorders, snoRNAs from the SNORD113-SNORD114 cluster have been implicated in multiple biological processes, including pluripotency, development, cancers, and RNA modifications. Here we summarize the current understanding of the system to explore the possibility of a link between developmental disorders and C/D box snoRNA expression from the imprinted 14q32.2 locus. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development RNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Gawade
- Laboratory of RNA Processing, Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna D Raczynska
- Laboratory of RNA Processing, Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
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2
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Alva R, Gardner GL, Liang P, Stuart JA. Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:3123. [PMID: 36231085 PMCID: PMC9563760 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most conventional incubators used in cell culture do not regulate O2 levels, making the headspace O2 concentration ~18%. In contrast, most human tissues are exposed to 2-6% O2 (physioxia) in vivo. Accumulating evidence has shown that such hyperoxic conditions in standard cell culture practices affect a variety of biological processes. In this review, we discuss how supraphysiological O2 levels affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and redox homeostasis, gene expression, replicative lifespan, cellular respiration, and mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, we present evidence demonstrating how hyperoxic cell culture conditions fail to recapitulate the physiological and pathological behavior of tissues in vivo, including cases of how O2 alters the cellular response to drugs, hormones, and toxicants. We conclude that maintaining physioxia in cell culture is imperative in order to better replicate in vivo-like tissue physiology and pathology, and to avoid artifacts in research involving cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Alva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
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3
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Agarwal A, Maldonado Rosas I, Anagnostopoulou C, Cannarella R, Boitrelle F, Munoz LV, Finelli R, Durairajanayagam D, Henkel R, Saleh R. Oxidative Stress and Assisted Reproduction: A Comprehensive Review of Its Pathophysiological Role and Strategies for Optimizing Embryo Culture Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030477. [PMID: 35326126 PMCID: PMC8944628 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) due to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants has been established as an important factor that can negatively affect the outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). Excess ROS exert their pathological effects through damage to cellular lipids, organelles, and DNA, alteration of enzymatic function, and apoptosis. ROS can be produced intracellularly, from immature sperm, oocytes, and embryos. Additionally, several external factors may induce high ROS production in the ART setup, including atmospheric oxygen, CO2 incubators, consumables, visible light, temperature, humidity, volatile organic compounds, and culture media additives. Pathological amounts of ROS can also be generated during the cryopreservation-thawing process of gametes or embryos. Generally, these factors can act at any stage during ART, from gamete preparation to embryo development, till the blastocyst stage. In this review, we discuss the in vitro conditions and environmental factors responsible for the induction of OS in an ART setting. In addition, we describe the effects of OS on gametes and embryos. Furthermore, we highlight strategies to ameliorate the impact of OS during the whole human embryo culture period, from gametes to blastocyst stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Florence Boitrelle
- Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, 78300 Poissy, France;
- Department BREED, UVSQ, INRAE, Paris Saclay University, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Lina Villar Munoz
- Citmer Reproductive Medicine, IVF LAB, Mexico City 11520, Mexico; (I.M.R.); (L.V.M.)
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (R.F.); (R.H.)
| | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W2 1NY, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
- LogixX Pharma, Theale RG7 4AB, UK
| | - Ramadan Saleh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
- Ajyal IVF Center, Ajyal Hospital, Sohag 82524, Egypt
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4
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Wan H, Fu R, Tong M, Wang Y, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang Y, Li W, Wang X, Feng G. Influence of feeder cells on transcriptomic analysis of pluripotent stem cells. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13189. [PMID: 35060660 PMCID: PMC8828260 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
| | - Rui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
| | - Man Tong
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yukai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Libin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
| | - Siqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xiu‐Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Guihai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing China
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5
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Kong FE, Li GM, Tang YQ, Xi SY, Loong JHC, Li MM, Li HL, Cheng W, Zhu WJ, Mo JQ, Gong YF, Tang H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Ma S, Guan XY, Ma NF, Xie MB, Liu M. Targeting tumor lineage plasticity in hepatocellular carcinoma using an anti-CLDN6 antibody-drug conjugate. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/579/eabb6282. [PMID: 33536280 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb6282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor lineage plasticity is emerging as a critical mechanism of therapeutic resistance and tumor relapse. Highly plastic tumor cells can undergo phenotypic switching to a drug-tolerant state to avoid drug toxicity. Here, we investigate the transmembrane tight junction protein Claudin6 (CLDN6) as a therapeutic target related to lineage plasticity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CLDN6 was highly expressed in embryonic stem cells but markedly decreased in normal tissues. Reactivation of CLDN6 was frequently observed in HCC tumor tissues as well as in premalignant lesions. Functional assays indicated that CLDN6 is not only a tumor-associated antigen but also conferred strong oncogenic effects in HCC. Overexpression of CLDN6 induced phenotypic shift of HCC cells from hepatic lineage to biliary lineage, which was more refractory to sorafenib treatment. The enhanced tumor lineage plasticity and cellular identity change were potentially induced by the CLDN6/TJP2 (tight junction protein 2)/YAP1 (Yes-associated protein 1) interacting axis and further activation of the Hippo signaling pathway. A de novo anti-CLDN6 monoclonal antibody conjugated with cytotoxic agent (Mertansine) DM1 (CLDN6-DM1) was developed. Preclinical data on both HCC cell lines and primary tumors showed the potent antitumor efficiency of CLDN6-DM1 as a single agent or in combination with sorafenib in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-En Kong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Guang-Meng Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yun-Qiang Tang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Shao-Yan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jane Ho Chun Loong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Mei-Mei Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hao-Long Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Mo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Gong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50923, Germany
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Ning-Fang Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mao-Bin Xie
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China. .,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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6
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Soh R, Hardy A, Zur Nieden NI. The FOXO signaling axis displays conjoined functions in redox homeostasis and stemness. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:224-237. [PMID: 33878426 PMCID: PMC9910585 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous views of reactive oxygen species (ROS) depicted them as harmful byproducts of metabolism as uncontrolled levels of ROS can lead to DNA damage and cell death. However, recent studies have shed light into the key role of ROS in the self-renewal or differentiation of the stem cell. The interplay between ROS levels, metabolism, and the downstream redox signaling pathways influence stem cell fate. In this review we will define ROS, explain how they are generated, and how ROS signaling can influence transcription factors, first and foremost forkhead box-O transcription factors, that shape not only the cellular redox state, but also stem cell fate. Now that studies have illustrated the importance of redox homeostasis and the role of redox signaling, understanding the mechanisms behind this interplay will further shed light into stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthia Soh
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA
| | - Ariana Hardy
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA
| | - Nicole I Zur Nieden
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA; Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA.
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7
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Kong FE, Tang YQ, Gong YF, Mo JQ, Zhao Y, Li MM, Cheng W, Li HL, Zhu WJ, Liu SS, Huang L, Guan XY, Ma NF, Liu M. Identification of prognostic claudins signature in hepatocellular carcinoma from a hepatocyte differentiation model. Hepatol Int 2020; 14:521-533. [PMID: 32304089 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-020-10035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of terminal differentiation markers and gain of stem cell-like properties are a major hallmark of cancer malignant progression. Identification of novel biomarkers representing tumor developmental progeny and predictive of patients' prognosis would greatly benefit clinical cancer management. METHODS Human embryonic stem cells were induced to differentiate into hepatocytes along hepatic lineages. Transcriptomic data from different liver developmental stages were analyzed combining with the RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the clinical significance in HCC patients. RESULTS A shifted expression pattern of claudin (CLDN) family genes were identified to be closely associated with liver development and tumor progression. Claudins with hepatic features were found to be significantly down-regulated and predicted better prognosis in HCC patients. Conversely, another set of claudins with embryonic stem cell features were found to be significantly up-regulated and predicted worse prognosis in HCC patients. A claudin signature score system was further established by combining the two sets of claudin genes. The newly established claudins signature could robustly predict HCC patients' prognosis in the training, testing, and independent validation cohorts. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we developed a novel embryonic developmental claudins signature to monitor the extent of tumor dedifferentiation in HCC from an in vitro hepatocyte differentiation model. The claudins signature might present a great potential in predicting prognostic significance in HCC as cell surface biomarkers, and provide novel therapeutic targets for precision oncology further in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-En Kong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yun-Qiang Tang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Gong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Mo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mei-Mei Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hao-Long Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Shan-Shan Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Li Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ning-Fang Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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8
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A hepatocyte differentiation model reveals two subtypes of liver cancer with different oncofetal properties and therapeutic targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:6103-6113. [PMID: 32123069 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912146117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observation of the association between cancer aggressiveness and embryonic development stage implies the importance of developmental signals in cancer initiation and therapeutic resistance. However, the dynamic gene expression during organogenesis and the master oncofetal drivers are still unclear, which impeded the efficient elimination of poor prognostic tumors, including human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, human embryonic stem cells were induced to differentiate into adult hepatocytes along hepatic lineages to mimic liver development in vitro. Combining transcriptomic data from liver cancer patients with the hepatocyte differentiation model, the active genes derived from different hepatic developmental stages and the tumor tissues were selected. Bioinformatic analysis followed by experimental assays was used to validate the tumor subtype-specific oncofetal signatures and potential therapeutic values. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed the existence of two subtypes of liver cancer with different oncofetal properties. The gene signatures and their clinical significance were further validated in an independent clinical cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Upstream activator analysis and functional screening further identified E2F1 and SMAD3 as master transcriptional regulators. Small-molecule inhibitors specifically targeting the oncofetal drivers extensively down-regulated subtype-specific developmental signaling and inhibited tumorigenicity. Liver cancer cells and primary HCC tumors with different oncofetal properties also showed selective vulnerability to their specific inhibitors. Further precise targeting of the tumor initiating steps and driving events according to subtype-specific biomarkers might eliminate tumor progression and provide novel therapeutic strategy.
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9
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Wang C, Lu H, Luo C, Song C, Wang Q, Peng Y, Xin Y, Liu T, Yang W. miR-412-5p targets Xpo1 to regulate angiogenesis in hemorrhoid tissue. Gene 2019; 705:167-176. [PMID: 31026569 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhoid is a common and recurrent proctological disease, which is often accompanied by angiogenesis and edema. MicroRNAs in the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted clusters are involved in the development and pathogenesis of mammalian hemorrhoids. Results of the present study indicated multiple, differential expression of DLK1-DIO3 imprinted cluster microRNA between hemorrhoid and normal tissues, where miR-412-5p expression in hemorrhoid tissue was significantly decreased. Fluorescein reporter assays showed that miR-412-5p silenced Xpo1 mRNA expression by targeting its 3'-UTR. Overexpression of miR-412-5p in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) indicated that proliferation, migration and formation of vascular structures in HUVECs were inhibited in vitro. In addition, overexpression of miR-412-5p significantly inhibited Xpo1 expression and promoted upregulation of the p53 protein and its retention in the nucleus. Simultaneously, expression of p66SHC and p16 proteins was activated. In summary, downregulation of endogenous miR-412-5p expression in hemorrhoid vascular endothelial cells leads to high expression of the target gene Xpo1 and translocation of the p53 protein out of the nucleus, rendering it unable to activate p66SHC and p16. This ultimately weakens regulation of the vascular endothelial cell cycle, thereby accelerating the division of hemorrhoid vascular endothelial cells, leading to angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunsheng Luo
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chengkun Song
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qingming Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yunhua Peng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yaojie Xin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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10
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Zhu J, Wang Y, Yu W, Xia K, Huang Y, Wang J, Liu B, Tao H, Liang C, Li F. Long Noncoding RNA: Function and Mechanism on Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Embryonic Stem Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:259-267. [PMID: 30479219 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666181127145809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background:Long suspected as transcriptional noise, recently recognized, long non-coding
RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as an indicator, biomarker and therapy target in the physiologic and
pathologic process. Mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic stem cells are important source for normal
and therapeutic tissue repair. However, the mechanism of stem cell differentiation is not completely
understood. Research on lncRNAs may provide novel insights into the mechanism of differentiation
process of the stem cell which is important for the application of stem cell therapy. The lncRNAs field
is still very young, new insights into lncRNAs function are emerging to a greater understanding of biological
processes.
Objective:
In this review, we summarize the recent researches studying lncRNAs and illustrate how
they act in the differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic stem cells, and discuss
some future directions in this field.
Results:
Numerous lncRNAs were differentially expressed during differentiation of mesenchymal stem
cells and embryonic stem cells. LncRNAs were able to regulate the differentiation processes through
epigenetic regulation, transcription regulation and post-transcription regulation.
Conclusion:
LncRNAs are involved in the differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic
stem cells, and they could become promising indicator, biomarker and therapeutic targets in the
physiologic and pathologic process. However, the mechanisms of the role of lncRNAs still require further
investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaishun Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuluan Huang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women`s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huimin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Keeley TP, Mann GE. Defining Physiological Normoxia for Improved Translation of Cell Physiology to Animal Models and Humans. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:161-234. [PMID: 30354965 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extensive oxygen gradient between the air we breathe (Po2 ~21 kPa) and its ultimate distribution within mitochondria (as low as ~0.5-1 kPa) is testament to the efforts expended in limiting its inherent toxicity. It has long been recognized that cell culture undertaken under room air conditions falls short of replicating this protection in vitro. Despite this, difficulty in accurately determining the appropriate O2 levels in which to culture cells, coupled with a lack of the technology to replicate and maintain a physiological O2 environment in vitro, has hindered addressing this issue thus far. In this review, we aim to address the current understanding of tissue Po2 distribution in vivo and summarize the attempts made to replicate these conditions in vitro. The state-of-the-art techniques employed to accurately determine O2 levels, as well as the issues associated with reproducing physiological O2 levels in vitro, are also critically reviewed. We aim to provide the framework for researchers to undertake cell culture under O2 levels relevant to specific tissues and organs. We envisage that this review will facilitate a paradigm shift, enabling translation of findings under physiological conditions in vitro to disease pathology and the design of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Keeley
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London , London , United Kingdom
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12
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Analysis of the Paternally-Imprinted DLK1-MEG3 and IGF2-H19 Tandem Gene Loci in NT2 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells Identifies DLK1 as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 14:823-836. [PMID: 29980981 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The paternally-imprinted genes insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), H19, delta-like homologue 1 (DLK1), and maternally-expressed gene 3 (MEG3) are expressed from the tandem gene loci IGF2-H19 and DLK1-MEG3, which play crucial roles in initiating embryogenesis and development. The erasure of imprinting (EOI) at differentially methylated regions (DMRs) which regulate the expression of these genes maintains the developmental quiescence of primordial germ cells (PGCs) migrating through the embryo proper during embryogenesis and prevents them from forming teratomas. To address the potential involvement of the IGF2-H19 and DLK1-MEG3 loci in the pathogenesis of embryonal carcinoma (EC), we investigated their genomic imprinting at DMRs in the human PGC-derived EC cell line NTera-2 (NT2). We observed EOI at the IGF2-H19 locus and, somewhat to our surprise, a loss of imprinting (LOI) at the DLK1-MEG3 locus. As a result, NT2 cells express imprinted gene ratios from these loci such that there are i) low levels of the proliferation-promoting IGF2 relative to ii) high levels of the proliferation-inhibiting long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 and iii) high levels of proliferation-promoting DLK1 relative to iv) low levels of the proliferation-inhibiting lncRNA MEG3. Consistent with this pattern of expression, the knockdown of DLK1 mRNA by shRNA resulted in decreased in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth as well as decreased in vivo organ seeding by NT2 cells. Furthermore, treatment of NT2 cells with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-azaD) inhibited their proliferation. This inhibition was accompanied by changes in expression of both tandem gene sets: a decrease in the expression of DLK1 and upregulation of the proliferation-inhibiting lncRNA MEG3, and at the same time upregulation of IGF2 and downregulation of the lncRNA H19. These results suggest that the DLK1-MEG3 locus, and not the IGF2-H19 locus, drives the tumorigenicity of NT2 cells. Based on these results, we identified DLK1 as a novel treatment target for EC that could be downregulated by 5-azaD.
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An integrated chromatin accessibility and transcriptome landscape of human pre-implantation embryos. Nat Commun 2019; 10:364. [PMID: 30664750 PMCID: PMC6341076 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08244-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pre-implantation embryonic development involves extensive changes in chromatin structure and transcriptional activity. Here, we report on LiCAT-seq, a technique that enables simultaneous profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression with ultra-low input of cells, and map the chromatin accessibility and transcriptome landscapes for human pre-implantation embryos. We observed global difference in chromatin accessibility between sperm and all stages of embryos, finding that the accessible regions in sperm tend to occur in gene-poor genomic regions. Integrative analyses between the two datasets reveals strong association between the establishment of accessible chromatin and embryonic genome activation (EGA), and uncovers transcription factors and endogenous retrovirus (ERVs) specific to EGA. In particular, a large proportion of the early activated genes and ERVs are bound by DUX4 and become accessible as early as the 2- to 4-cell stages. Our results thus offer mechanistic insights into the molecular events inherent to human pre-implantation development.
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14
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Zhang H, Zheng J, Lin J, Chen J, Yu Z, Chen C, Liu T. miR-758 mediates oxLDL-dependent vascular endothelial cell damage by suppressing the succinate receptor SUCNR1. Gene 2018; 663:1-8. [PMID: 29660520 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease associated with ageing, and its occurrence and development are closely related to the vascular inflammatory response. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) has distinct effects in atherosclerosis. We aimed to determine the mechanisms underlying these effects. microRNAs including miR-758 were differentially expressed in oxLDL-treated HUVECs or HAECs. Luciferase reporter assay results indicated that SUCNR1 is an important target of miR-758. Expression of SUCNR1 and its downstream components was decreased significantly in ApoE-/- mice. Overexpression of miR-758 could suppress HUVEC proliferation by cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. miR-758 was overexpressed on HUVECs with markedly reduced capillary tubule formation capacity. Overexpression of miR-758 on HUVECs or HAECs could significantly reduce SUCNR1 (GPR91), SATA3, phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), and EVGF levels. Thus, oxLDL likely damages vascular endothelial cells by modulating the DLK1-DIO3 genomic imprinted microRNA cluster component miR-758, thereby suppressing expression of SUCNR1/GPR91 and its downstream components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiajia Zheng
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiulin Chen
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhihua Yu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, CT 06520, USA.
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15
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Peng Y, Xie M, Duan X, Hu L, Yu J, Zeng S, Wang Y, Ouyang Q, Lu G, Lin G, Sun Y. Generation of a luciferase-expressing human embryonic stem cell line: NERCe002-A-2. Stem Cell Res 2018; 28:172-176. [PMID: 29501955 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human embryonic stem cell line NERCe002-A-2 was generated by transduction of NERCe002-A cells with an expression vector carrying the luciferase gene. The stem cells labelled with luciferase can be transplanted into animals and detected by the bioluminescence imaging technology. This provides optimal prospects of application to in vivo stem cell tracing. Luciferin served as a substrate to detect the activity of luciferase, and luciferase expression was measured by quantitative PCR. Characterization assays suggested that the NERCe002-A-2 cell line expresses typical markers of pluripotency and can form the 3 germ layers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Peng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Menghan Xie
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingxiang Duan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Yu
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Sicong Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Ouyang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.
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16
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He J, Duan X, Li W, Peng Y, Yu J, Hu L, Zeng S, Wang Y, Lu G, Lin G, Sun Y. Establishment and characterization of a human embryonic stem cell line, NERCe002-A-3, with inducible 14-3-3ζ overexpression. Stem Cell Res 2018; 28:11-15. [PMID: 29414411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NERCe002-A-3 cells were generated from the normal human embryonic stem cell line NERCe002-A. NERCe002-A-3 cells overexpressed 14-3-3ζ after exposure to doxycycline. 14-3-3ζ protein have the ability to bind a multitude of functionally diverse signalling proteins. The NERCe002-A-3 cell line is considered a model for functional studies of the 14-3-3ζ protein in hESC self-renewal and cell differentiation. Doxycycline-treated NERCe002-A-3 cells showed a>27-fold increase in relative expression of 14-3-3ζ as compared with un-induced cells. Characterization assays proved that NERCe002-A-3 cells express typical markers of pluripotency and have the ability to form the three germ layers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing He
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingxiang Duan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Yingying Peng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Yu
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Sicong Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.
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17
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Duan X, Xie M, Peng Y, Hu L, Yu J, Zeng S, Wang Y, Lu G, Lin G, Sun Y. Generation of a human embryonic stem cell line expressing tetrameric Zoanthus sp. green fluorescent protein: NERCe002-A-1. Stem Cell Res 2018; 28:6-10. [PMID: 29414419 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line NERCe002-A-1 was generated through lentiviral transduction of the original NERCe002-A-1 hESC line with Zoanthus sp. green fluorescent protein (ZsGreen). Cells that expressed ZsGreen showed a >8.6-fold increase in fluorescence intensity compared with that of cells that expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein. The fluorescent hESC line can aid in identification of biological characteristics in vitro and in vivo by tracking cell growth, migration, and differentiation. Characteristic tests confirmed that the NERCe002-A-1 cell line expressed typical markers of pluripotency and had the capability to form the three germ layers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxiang Duan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Menghan Xie
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingying Peng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Yu
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Sicong Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.
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18
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhou L, Zou Y, Huang G, Gao G, Ting S, Lei X, Ding X. Spheroid-cultured human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2518. [PMID: 29410537 PMCID: PMC5802716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is a promising treatment for ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, its effects on hepatic IRI were not consistent in the previous studies. 3D spheroid-cultured MSCs enhance their production of trophic and anti-inflammatory properties, but their effects on hepatic IRI remain unclear. In this study, we compared the 3D spheroid-cultured human umbilical derived MSCs (3D UC-MSCs) with 2D-cultured UC-MSCs (2D UC-MSCs) on treating hepatic IRI. The RNA sequencing data showed that suppression of cell mitosis, response to hypoxia, inflammation, and angiogenesis were the top genetic changes in 3D UC-MSCs compared with 2D UC-MSCs. Although both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes were upregulated in the 3D UC-MSCs, the mRNA and protein of an RNase (ZC3H12A), which turnovers the mRNA of pro-inflammatory genes at the post-transcript level, were significantly upregulated in 3D UC-MSCs. 3D UC-MSCs reduced the secretion of many chemokines and growth factors, but increased the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor. Compared with the vehicle and 2D UC-MSCs, 3D UC-MSCs significantly reduced hepatic IRI in rats, based on the plasma aminotransferase levels, liver damage scores, neutrophil infiltration, hepatocyte apoptosis and expression of inflammation-associated genes. These findings suggest that 3D UC-MSCs therapy is a promising treatment for hepatic IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Central South University, Changsha, 410250, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410250, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Central South University, Changsha, 410250, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410250, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South Univerisity, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yizhou Zou
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Gengwen Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shi Ting
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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19
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Zhang H, Zheng J, Shen H, Huang Y, Liu T, Xi H, Chen C. Curcumin Suppresses In Vitro Proliferation and Invasion of Human Prostate Cancer Stem Cells by Modulating DLK1-DIO3 Imprinted Gene Cluster MicroRNAs. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:43-50. [PMID: 29172709 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Zheng
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Shen
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyi Huang
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hao Xi
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Zeng S, Liu L, Sun Y, Lu G, Lin G. Role of telomeric repeat-containing RNA in telomeric chromatin remodeling during the early expansion of human embryonic stem cells. FASEB J 2017; 31:4783-4795. [PMID: 28765174 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600939rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the role of telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) in telomeric chromatin remodeling during the early expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). During the derivation of hESCs, histone demethylation in the telomeric region facilitates telomerase-mediated telomere elongation. An adequate telomere repeat is essential for hESCs to acquire and/or maintain the unlimited symmetric division, which suggests that there is a link between pluripotency and telomere maintenance. The present study found that the gradual decrease in TERRA levels and related TERRA foci were correlated with telomeric length elongation in the early expansion of hESCs. In addition, TERRA participated in telomeric chromatin remodeling by cooperating with SUV39H1 (suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1/2) to propagate telomeric heterochromatin marker, histone H3 trimethylation of lysine 9. Moreover, the fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway, which is activated in hESCs, could suppress TERRA levels via telomeric repeat factor 1, which results in reduced SUV39H1 recruitment by TERRA at the telomere. Taken together, these results highlight the role of TERRA in hESC telomere elongation and homeostasis in the acquisition and/or maintenance of stem cell pluripotency.-Zeng, S., Liu, L., Sun, Y., Lu, G., Lin, G. Role of telomeric repeat-containing RNA in telomeric chromatin remodeling during the early expansion of human embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Lvjun Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; .,National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China
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21
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Pluripotent Stem Cell Metabolism and Mitochondria: Beyond ATP. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:2874283. [PMID: 28804500 PMCID: PMC5540363 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2874283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is central to embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and differentiation, with distinct profiles apparent under different nutrient milieu, and conditions that maintain alternate cell states. The significance of altered nutrient availability, particularly oxygen, and metabolic pathway activity has been highlighted by extensive studies of their impact on preimplantation embryo development, physiology, and viability. ESC similarly modulate their metabolism in response to altered metabolite levels, with changes in nutrient availability shown to have a lasting impact on derived cell identity through the regulation of the epigenetic landscape. Further, the preferential use of glucose and anaplerotic glutamine metabolism serves to not only support cell growth and proliferation but also minimise reactive oxygen species production. However, the perinuclear localisation of spherical, electron-poor mitochondria in ESC is proposed to sustain ESC nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk and a mitochondrial-H2O2 presence, to facilitate signalling to support self-renewal through the stabilisation of HIFα, a process that may be favoured under physiological oxygen. The environment in which a cell is grown is therefore a critical regulator and determinant of cell fate, with metabolism, and particularly mitochondria, acting as an interface between the environment and the epigenome.
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Swanzey E, Stadtfeld M. A reporter model to visualize imprinting stability at the Dlk1 locus during mouse development and in pluripotent cells. Development 2016; 143:4161-4166. [PMID: 27729406 PMCID: PMC5117214 DOI: 10.1242/dev.138255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genomic imprinting results in the monoallelic expression of genes that encode important regulators of growth and proliferation. Dysregulation of imprinted genes, such as those within the Dlk1-Dio3 locus, is associated with developmental syndromes and specific diseases. Our ability to interrogate causes of imprinting instability has been hindered by the absence of suitable model systems. Here, we describe a Dlk1 knock-in reporter mouse that enables single-cell visualization of allele-specific expression and prospective isolation of cells, simultaneously. We show that this ‘imprinting reporter mouse’ can be used to detect tissue-specific Dlk1 expression patterns in developing embryos. We also apply this system to pluripotent cell culture and demonstrate that it faithfully indicates DNA methylation changes induced upon cellular reprogramming. Finally, the reporter system reveals the role of elevated oxygen levels in eroding imprinted Dlk1 expression during prolonged culture and in vitro differentiation. The possibility to study allele-specific expression in different contexts makes our reporter system a useful tool to dissect the regulation of genomic imprinting in normal development and disease. Summary: A Dlk1 knock-in reporter mouse reports allele- and tissue-specific Dlk1 expression in developing embryos that can be used to study changes in genomic imprinting during cellular reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Swanzey
- The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Matthias Stadtfeld
- The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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23
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The dynamic changes of X chromosome inactivation during early culture of human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2016; 17:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Josson S, Chung LWK, Gururajan M. microRNAs and Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 889:105-18. [PMID: 26658999 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23730-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs are noncoding RNAs that are important for embryonic stem cell development and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Tumor cells hijack EMT and stemness to grow and metastasize to distant organs including bone. In the tumor microenvironment, tumor cells interact with the stromal fibroblasts at the primary and metastatic sites and this interaction leads to tumor growth, EMT, and bone metastasis. Tumor-stromal interactions are a dynamic process that involves both cell-cell communications and extracellular vesicles and soluble factors. Growing body of evidence suggests that microRNAs are part of the payload that comprises the extracellular vesicles. microRNAs induce reactive stroma and thus convert normal stroma into tumor-associated stroma to promote aggressive tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Landmark published studies demonstrate that expression of specific microRNAs of DLK1-DIO3 stem cell cluster correlates with patient survival in metastatic prostate cancer. Thus, microRNAs mediate tumor growth, EMT, and metastasis through cell intrinsic mechanisms and extracellular communications and could be novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in bone metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajni Josson
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA. .,Neostrata Inc., Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA.
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Murali Gururajan
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA. .,Bristol-Myers Squibb Inc., Princeton, NJ, 08543, USA.
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25
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Wale PL, Gardner DK. The effects of chemical and physical factors on mammalian embryo culture and their importance for the practice of assisted human reproduction. Hum Reprod Update 2015. [PMID: 26207016 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmv034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although laboratory procedures, along with culture media formulations, have improved over the past two decades, the issue remains that human IVF is performed in vitro (literally 'in glass'). METHODS Using PubMed, electronic searches were performed using keywords from a list of chemical and physical factors with no limits placed on time. Examples of keywords include oxygen, ammonium, volatile organics, temperature, pH, oil overlays and incubation volume/embryo density. Available clinical and scientific evidence surrounding physical and chemical factors have been assessed and presented here. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Development of the embryo outside the body means that it is constantly exposed to stresses that it would not experience in vivo. Sources of stress on the human embryo include identified factors such as pH and temperature shifts, exposure to atmospheric (20%) oxygen and the build-up of toxins in the media due to the static nature of culture. However, there are other sources of stress not typically considered, such as the act of pipetting itself, or the release of organic compounds from the very tissue culture ware upon which the embryo develops. Further, when more than one stress is present in the laboratory, there is evidence that negative synergies can result, culminating in significant trauma to the developing embryo. It is evident that embryos are sensitive to both chemical and physical signals within their microenvironment, and that these factors play a significant role in influencing development and events post transfer. From the viewpoint of assisted human reproduction, a major concern with chemical and physical factors lies in their adverse effects on the viability of embryos, and their long-term effects on the fetus, even as a result of a relatively brief exposure. This review presents data on the adverse effects of chemical and physical factors on mammalian embryos and the importance of identifying, and thereby minimizing, them in the practice of human IVF. Hence, optimizing the in vitro environment involves far more than improving culture media formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra L Wale
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David K Gardner
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Dai C, Miao CX, Xu XM, Liu LJ, Gu YF, Zhou D, Chen LS, Lin G, Lu GX. Transcriptional activation of human CDCA8 gene regulated by transcription factor NF-Y in embryonic stem cells and cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:22423-34. [PMID: 26170459 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.642710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell division cycle associated 8 (CDCA8) gene plays an important role in mitosis. Overexpression of CDCA8 was reported in some human cancers and is required for cancer growth and progression. We found CDCA8 expression was also high in human ES cells (hESCs) but dropped significantly upon hESC differentiation. However, the regulation of CDCA8 expression has not yet been studied. Here, we characterized the CDCA8 promoter and identified its cis-elements and transcription factors. Three transcription start sites were identified. Reporter gene assays revealed that the CDCA8 promoter was activated in hESCs and cancer cell lines. The promoter drove the reporter expression specifically to pluripotent cells during early mouse embryo development and to tumor tissues in tumor-bearing mice. These results indicate that CDCA8 is transcriptionally activated in hESCs and cancer cells. Mechanistically, two key activation elements, bound by transcription factor NF-Y and CREB1, respectively, were identified in the CDCA8 basic promoter by mutation analyses and electrophoretic motility shift assays. NF-Y binding is positively correlated with promoter activities in different cell types. Interestingly, the NF-YA subunit, binding to the promoter, is primarily a short isoform in hESCs and a long isoform in cancer cells, indicating a different activation mechanism of the CDCA8 transcription between hESCs and cancer cells. Finally, enhanced CDCA8 promoter activities by NF-Y overexpression and reduced CDCA8 transcription by NF-Y knockdown further verified that NF-Y is a positive regulator of CDCA8 transcription. Our study unearths the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of CDCA8 expression in hESCs and cancer cells, which provides a better understanding of its biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Dai
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078, the National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha 410205, and the School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Cong-Xiu Miao
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078
| | - Lv-Jun Liu
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078
| | - Yi-Fan Gu
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078, the School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Di Zhou
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078
| | - Lian-Sheng Chen
- the National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha 410205, and
| | - Ge Lin
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078, the National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha 410205, and
| | - Guang-Xiu Lu
- From the Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410078, the National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha 410205, and
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27
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Yu Y, Gao Q, Zhao HC, Li R, Gao JM, Ding T, Bao SY, Zhao Y, Sun XF, Fan Y, Qiao J. Ascorbic acid improves pluripotency of human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells through modifying imprinted gene expression in the Dlk1-Dio3 region. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:69. [PMID: 25879223 PMCID: PMC4425892 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (hpESCs) are generated from artificially activated oocytes, however, the issue of whether hpESCs have equivalent differentiation ability to human fertilized embryonic stem cells remains controversial. Methods hpESCs were injected into male severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice and the efficiency of teratoma formation was calculated. Then the gene expression and methylation modification were detected by real time-PCR and bisulfate methods. Results Comparison of five hpESCs with different differentiation abilities revealed that levels of paternal genes in the Dlk1-Dio3 region on chromosome 14 in the hpESCs with high differentiation potential are enhanced, but strictly methylated and silenced in the hpESCs with lower differentiation potential. Treatment with ascorbic acid, rescued their ability to support teratoma formation and altered the expression profiles of paternally expressed genes in hpESCs that could not form teratoma easily. No differences in the expression of other imprinting genes were evident between hpESCs with higher and lower differentiation potential, except for those in the Dlk1-Dio3 region. Conclusions The Dlk1-Dio3 imprinting gene cluster distinguishes the differentiation ability of hpESCs. Moreover, modification by ascorbic acid may facilitate application of hpESCs to clinical settings in the future by enhancing their pluripotency. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0054-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-cui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jiang-man Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Si-yu Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiao-fang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Mo CF, Wu FC, Tai KY, Chang WC, Chang KW, Kuo HC, Ho HN, Chen HF, Lin SP. Loss of non-coding RNA expression from the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted locus correlates with reduced neural differentiation potential in human embryonic stem cell lines. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:1. [PMID: 25559585 PMCID: PMC4417332 DOI: 10.1186/scrt535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pluripotent stem cells are increasingly used to build therapeutic models, including the transplantation of neural progenitors derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including delta-like homolog 1 gene and the type III iodothyronine deiodinase gene (DLK1-DIO3) imprinted locus-derived maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), were found to be expressed during neural development. The deregulation of these lncRNAs is associated with various neurological diseases. The imprinted locus DLK1-DIO3 encodes abundant non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are regulated by differential methylation of the locus. We aim to study the correlation between the DLK1-DIO3-derived ncRNAs and the capacity of hESCs to differentiate into neural lineages. METHODS We classified hESC sublines into MEG3-ON and MEG3-OFF based on the expression levels of MEG3 and its downstream microRNAs as detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A cDNA microarray was used to analyze the gene expression profiles of hESCs. To investigate the capacity of neural differentiation in MEG3-ON and MEG3-OFF hESCs, we performed neural lineage differentiation followed by neural lineage marker expression and neurite formation analyses via qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, respectively. MEG3-knockdown via small interfering RNA (siRNA) and small hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to investigate the potential causative effect of MEG3 in regulating neural lineage-related gene expression. RESULTS DLK1-DIO3-derived ncRNAs were repressed in MEG3-OFF hESCs compared with those in the MEG3-ON hESCs. The transcriptome profile indicated that many genes related to nervous system development and neural-type tumors were differentially expressed in MEG3-OFF hESCs. Three independent MEG3-knockdown assays using different siRNA and shRNA constructs consistently resulted in downregulation of some neural lineage genes. Lower expression levels of stage-specific neural lineage markers and reduced neurite formation were observed in neural lineage-like cells derived from MEG3-OFF-associated hESCs compared with those in the MEG3-ON groups at the same time points after differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Repression of ncRNAs derived from the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted locus is associated with reduced neural lineage differentiation potential in hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Fan Mo
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Chun Wu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Kang-Yu Tai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan. .,Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chun Chang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Wei Chang
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan. .,Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Chih Kuo
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Nerng Ho
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Fu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan. .,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Centre, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Research Centre for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan. .,Centre for Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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29
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Benetatos L, Vartholomatos G, Hatzimichael E. DLK1-DIO3 imprinted cluster in induced pluripotency: landscape in the mist. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:4421-30. [PMID: 25098353 PMCID: PMC11113449 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DLK1-DIO3 represents an imprinted cluster which genes are involved in physiological cell biology as early as the stem cell level and in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Transcription factor-mediated induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) are considered an unlimited source of patient-specific hematopoietic stem cells for clinical application in patient-tailored regenerative medicine. However, to date there is no marker established able to distinguish embryonic stem cell-equivalent iPSCs or safe human iPSCs. Recent findings suggest that the DLK1-DIO3 locus possesses the potential to represent such a marker but there are also contradictory data. This review aims to report the current data on the topic describing both sides of the coin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Benetatos
- Blood Bank, Selefkeias 2, Preveza General Hospital, 48100, Preveza, Greece,
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