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Smith J, Rai V. Novel Factors Regulating Proliferation, Migration, and Differentiation of Fibroblasts, Keratinocytes, and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells during Wound Healing. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1939. [PMID: 39335453 PMCID: PMC11429312 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12091939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a significant complication of diabetes mellitus, often leading to amputation, increased morbidity, and a substantial financial burden. Even with the advancements in the treatment of DFU, the risk of amputation still exists, and this occurs due to the presence of gangrene and osteomyelitis. Nonhealing in a chronic DFU is due to decreased angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, and extracellular matrix remodeling in the presence of persistent inflammation. During wound healing, the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and keratinocytes play a critical role in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, angiogenesis, and epithelialization. The molecular factors regulating the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of these cells are scarcely discussed in the literature. The literature review identifies the key factors influencing the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which are critical in wound healing. This is followed by a discussion on the various novel factors regulating the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of these cells but not in the context of wound healing; however, they may play a role. Using a network analysis, we examined the interactions between various factors, and the findings suggest that the novel factors identified may play a significant role in promoting angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, and extracellular matrix remodeling during wound healing or DFU healing. However, these interactions warrant further investigation to establish their role alone or synergistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Smith
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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2
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Embryo-Maternal Communication under Healthy Conditions or Viral Infections: Lessons from a Bovine Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121858. [PMID: 35740987 PMCID: PMC9221285 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mesenchymal stem cells are a relevant cell population found in the maternal reproductive tract that exhibits the immunomodulation capacity required to prevent embryo rejection. The phenotypic plasticity showed by both endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSC) and embryonic trophoblast through mesenchymal to epithelial transition and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, respectively, is essential for embryo implantation. Embryonic trophoblast maintains active crosstalk via EVs and soluble proteins with eMSC and peripheral blood MSC (pbMSC) to ensure the retention of eMSC in case of pregnancy and induce the chemotaxis of pbMSC, critical for successful implantation. Early pregnancy-related proteins and angiogenic markers are detected as cargo in EVs and the soluble fraction of the embryonic trophectoderm secretome. The pattern of protein secretion in trophectoderm-EVs changes depending on their epithelial or mesenchymal phenotype and due to the uptake of MSC EVs. However, the changes in this EV-mediated communication between maternal and embryonic MSC populations infected by viruses that cause abortions in cattle are poorly understood. They are critical in the investigation of reproductive viral pathologies.
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Ribitsch I, Bileck A, Egerbacher M, Gabner S, Mayer RL, Janker L, Gerner C, Jenner F. Fetal Immunomodulatory Environment Following Cartilage Injury-The Key to CARTILAGE Regeneration? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312969. [PMID: 34884768 PMCID: PMC8657887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal cartilage fully regenerates following injury, while in adult mammals cartilage injury leads to osteoarthritis (OA). Thus, in this study, we compared the in vivo injury response of fetal and adult ovine articular cartilage histologically and proteomically to identify key factors of fetal regeneration. In addition, we compared the secretome of fetal ovine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro with injured fetal cartilage to identify potential MSC-derived therapeutic factors. Cartilage injury caused massive cellular changes in the synovial membrane, with macrophages dominating the fetal, and neutrophils the adult, synovial cellular infiltrate. Correspondingly, proteomics revealed differential regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and growth-factors between adult and fetal joints. Neutrophil-related proteins and acute phase proteins were the two major upregulated protein groups in adult compared to fetal cartilage following injury. In contrast, several immunomodulating proteins and growth factors were expressed significantly higher in the fetus than the adult. Comparison of the in vitro MSCs proteome with the in vivo fetal regenerative signature revealed shared upregulation of 17 proteins, suggesting their therapeutic potential. Biomimicry of the fetal paracrine signature to reprogram macrophages and modulate inflammation could be an important future research direction for developing novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Ribitsch
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Monika Egerbacher
- Administrative Unit Veterinary Medicine, UMIT—Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology GmbH, 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria;
| | - Simone Gabner
- Histology & Embryology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Rupert L. Mayer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Lukas Janker
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (F.J.)
| | - Florien Jenner
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (F.J.)
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Cao J, O'Day DR, Pliner HA, Kingsley PD, Deng M, Daza RM, Zager MA, Aldinger KA, Blecher-Gonen R, Zhang F, Spielmann M, Palis J, Doherty D, Steemers FJ, Glass IA, Trapnell C, Shendure J. A human cell atlas of fetal gene expression. Science 2020; 370:370/6518/eaba7721. [PMID: 33184181 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba7721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The gene expression program underlying the specification of human cell types is of fundamental interest. We generated human cell atlases of gene expression and chromatin accessibility in fetal tissues. For gene expression, we applied three-level combinatorial indexing to >110 samples representing 15 organs, ultimately profiling ~4 million single cells. We leveraged the literature and other atlases to identify and annotate hundreds of cell types and subtypes, both within and across tissues. Our analyses focused on organ-specific specializations of broadly distributed cell types (such as blood, endothelial, and epithelial), sites of fetal erythropoiesis (which notably included the adrenal gland), and integration with mouse developmental atlases (such as conserved specification of blood cells). These data represent a rich resource for the exploration of in vivo human gene expression in diverse tissues and cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyue Cao
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Diana R O'Day
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hannah A Pliner
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul D Kingsley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Riza M Daza
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael A Zager
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Data Visualization, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kimberly A Aldinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ronnie Blecher-Gonen
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Malte Spielmann
- Human Molecular Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - James Palis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Dan Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ian A Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Allen Discovery Center for Cell Lineage Tracing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.,Allen Discovery Center for Cell Lineage Tracing, Seattle, WA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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5
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Villard O, Armanet M, Couderc G, Bony C, Moreaux J, Noël D, De Vos J, Klein B, Veyrune JL, Wojtusciszyn A. Characterization of immortalized human islet stromal cells reveals a MSC-like profile with pancreatic features. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:158. [PMID: 32303252 PMCID: PMC7165390 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent an interesting tool to improve pancreatic islet transplantation. They have immunomodulatory properties and secrete supportive proteins. However, the functional properties of MSCs vary according to many factors such as donor characteristics, tissue origin, or isolation methods. To counteract this heterogeneity, we aimed to immortalize and characterize adherent cells derived from human pancreatic islets (hISCs), using phenotypic, transcriptomic, and functional analysis. METHODS Adherent cells derived from human islets in culture were infected with a hTERT retrovirus vector and then characterized by microarray hybridization, flow cytometry analysis, and immunofluorescence assays. Osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation as well as PBMC proliferation suppression assays were used to compare the functional abilities of hISCs and MSCs. Extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression profile analysis was performed using the SAM (Significance Analysis of Microarrays) software, and protein expression was confirmed by western blotting. RESULTS hISCs kept an unlimited proliferative potential. They exhibited several properties of MSCs such as CD73, CD90, and CD105 expression and differentiation capacity. From a functional point of view, hISCs inhibited the proliferation of activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The transcriptomic profile of hISCs highly clusterized with bone marrow (BM)-MSCs and revealed a differential enrichment of genes involved in the organization of the ECM. Indeed, the expression and secretion profiles of ECM proteins including collagens I, IV, and VI, fibronectin, and laminins, known to be expressed in abundance around and within the islets, were different between hISCs and BM-MSCs. CONCLUSION We generated a new human cell line from pancreatic islets, with MSCs properties and retaining some pancreatic specificities related to the production of ECM proteins. hISCs appear as a very promising tool in islet transplantation by their availability (as a source of inexhaustible source of cells) and ability to secrete a supportive "pancreatic" microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orianne Villard
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Armanet
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Cell Therapy Unit, Hospital Saint- Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, 8 avenue de la Sallaz - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guilhem Couderc
- Department of Biological Haematology, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Bony
- IRMB, INSERM U 1183, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- Department of Biological Haematology, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGH, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Daniele Noël
- IRMB, INSERM U 1183, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - John De Vos
- Department of Biological Haematology, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRMB, INSERM U 1183, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Klein
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Veyrune
- Department of Biological Haematology, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Wojtusciszyn
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Univ. Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, 8 avenue de la Sallaz - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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6
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Khiatah B, Qi M, Du W, T-Chen K, van Megen KM, Perez RG, Isenberg JS, Kandeel F, Roep BO, Ku HT, Al-Abdullah IH. Intra-pancreatic tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: a promising therapeutic potential with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic profiles. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:322. [PMID: 31730488 PMCID: PMC6858763 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pancreata contain many types of cells, such as endocrine islets, acinar, ductal, fat, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are important and shown to have a promising therapeutic potential to treat various disease conditions. METHODS We investigated intra-pancreatic tissue-derived (IPTD) MSCs isolated from tissue fractions that are routinely discarded during pancreatic islet isolation of human cadaveric donors. Furthermore, whether pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of these cells could be enhanced was investigated. RESULTS IPTD-MSCs were expanded in GMP-compatible CMRL-1066 medium supplemented with 5% human platelet lysate (hPL). IPTD-MSCs were found to be highly pure, with > 95% positive for CD90, CD105, and CD73, and negative for CD45, CD34, CD14, and HLA-DR. Immunofluorescence staining of pancreas tissue demonstrated the presence of CD105+ cells in the vicinity of islets. IPTD-MSCs were capable of differentiation into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts in vitro, underscoring their multipotent features. When these cells were cultured in the presence of a low dose of TNF-α, gene expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) was significantly increased, compared to control. In contrast, treating cells with dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) (a prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor) enhanced mRNA levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Interestingly, a combination of TNF-α and DMOG stimulated the optimal expression of all three genes in IPTD-MSCs. Conditioned medium of IPTD-MSCs treated with a combination of DMOG and TNF-α contained higher levels of pro-angiogenic (VEGF, IL-6, and IL-8) compared to controls, promoting angiogenesis of human endothelial cells in vitro. In contrast, levels of MCP-1, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, were reduced in the conditioned medium of IPTD-MSCs treated with a combination of DMOG and TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that IPTD-MSCs reside within the pancreas and can be separated as part of a standard islet-isolation protocol. These IPTD-MSCs can be expanded and potentiated ex vivo to enhance their anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic profiles. The fact that IPTD-MSCs are generated in a GMP-compatible procedure implicates a direct clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Khiatah
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Meirigeng Qi
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Weiting Du
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Kuan T-Chen
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Kayleigh M. van Megen
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Rachel G. Perez
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Isenberg
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Bart O. Roep
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Hsun Teresa Ku
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Ismail H. Al-Abdullah
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
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Arzouni AA, Vargas-Seymour A, Dhadda PK, Rackham CL, Huang GC, Choudhary P, King AJF, Jones PM. Characterization of the Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Mouse and Human Islet Function. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:935-944. [PMID: 31066521 PMCID: PMC6708063 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation has the potential to cure type 1 diabetes, but current transplantation protocols are not optimal and there is extensive loss of islet β‐cell insulin secretory function during the immediate post‐transplantation period. Studies using experimental models of diabetes have shown that the coculture of islets with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) prior to transplantation improves graft function, but several variables differed among research groups (e.g., type of MSCs used and the treatment conditions). We have therefore assessed the effects of MSCs on mouse and human islets by investigating the importance of tissue source for MSCs, the coculture protocol configuration and length, the effect of activated MSCs, and different β‐cell secretory stimuli. MSCs derived from adipose tissue (aMSCs) were the most effective at supporting β‐cell insulin secretion in both mouse and human islets, in a direct contact coculture configuration. Preculture with aMSCs enhanced both phases of glucose‐induced insulin secretion and further enhanced secretory responses to the non‐nutrients carbachol and arginine. These effects required a coculture period of 48–72 hours and were not dependent on activation of the MSCs. Thus, direct contact coculture with autologous, adipose‐derived MSCs for a minimum of 48 hours before implantation is likely to be an effective addition to human islet transplantation protocols. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:935&944
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Arzouni
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreia Vargas-Seymour
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paramjeet K Dhadda
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe L Rackham
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guo-Cai Huang
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aileen J F King
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Calle A, Barrajón-Masa C, Gómez-Fidalgo E, Martín-Lluch M, Cruz-Vigo P, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Ramírez MÁ. Iberian pig mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from dermal skin, abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissues, and peripheral blood: in vitro characterization and migratory properties in inflammation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:178. [PMID: 29973295 PMCID: PMC6032775 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the capacity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to migrate into damaged tissues has been reported. For MSCs to be a promising tool for tissue engineering and cell and gene therapy, it is essential to know their migration ability according to their tissue of origin. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating porcine MSC chemotaxis. The aim of this study was to examine the migratory properties in an inflammatory environment of porcine MSC lines from different tissue origins: subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCA-MSCs), abdominal adipose tissue (AA-MSCs), dermal skin tissue (DS-MSCs) and peripheral blood (PB-MSCs). Methods SCA-MSCs, AA-MSCs, DS-MSCs and PB-MSCs were isolated and analyzed in terms of morphological features, alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of cell surface and intracellular markers of pluripotency, proliferation, in vitro chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacities, as well as their ability to migrate in response to inflammatory cytokines. Results SCA-MSCs, AA-MSCs, DS-MSCs and PB-MSCs were isolated and showed plastic adhesion with a fibroblast-like morphology. All MSC lines were positive for CD44, CD105, CD90 and vimentin, characteristic markers of MSCs. The cytokeratin marker was also detected in DS-MSCs. No expression of MHCII or CD34 was detected in any of the four types of MSC. In terms of pluripotency features, all MSC lines expressed POU5F1 and showed alkaline phosphatase activity. SCA-MSCs had a higher growth rate compared to the rest of the cell lines, while the AA-MSC cell line had a longer population doubling time. All MSC lines cultured under adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic conditions showed differentiation capacity to the previously mentioned mesodermal lineages. All MSC lines showed migration ability in an agarose drop assay. DS-MSCs migrated greater distances than the rest of the cell lines both in nonstimulated conditions and in the presence of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. SCA-MSCs and DS-MSCs increased their migration capacity in the presence of IL-1β as compared to PBS control. Conclusions This study describes the isolation and characterization of porcine cell lines from different tissue origin, with clear MSC properties. We show for the first time a comparative study of the migration capacity induced by inflammatory mediators of porcine MSCs of different tissue origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Calle
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Avenida Puerta de Hierro 12, local 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Barrajón-Masa
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Avenida Puerta de Hierro 12, local 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Gómez-Fidalgo
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Avenida Puerta de Hierro 12, local 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Martín-Lluch
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Avenida Puerta de Hierro 12, local 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Cruz-Vigo
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Avenida Puerta de Hierro 12, local 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Avenida Puerta de Hierro 12, local 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Ramírez
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Avenida Puerta de Hierro 12, local 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Arzouni AA, Vargas-Seymour A, Nardi N, J F King A, Jones PM. Using Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Islet Transplantation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:559-563. [PMID: 29749717 PMCID: PMC6090510 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation has the potential to cure type 1 diabetes, but current clinical transplantation protocols are inefficient because of the extensive loss of functional islets during the immediate post‐transplantation period. Studies in rodent models have demonstrated that co‐transplanting mesencyhmal stromal cells (MSCs) with islets improves graft functional survival and transplantation outcomes, and some of the beneficial effects of MSCs are attributable to bioactive molecules secreted by MSCs. Clinical islet transplantation is almost exclusively via the hepatic portal vein, which does not facilitate co‐engraftment of islets and MSCs, so attention is currently focused on using cell‐free cocktails of MSC‐derived products to treat islets prior to transplantation. This approach has the potential to overcome many of the technical and regulatory hurdles associated with using MSCs as an adjuvant therapy for human islet transplantation. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2018;7:559–563
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Arzouni
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreia Vargas-Seymour
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nance Nardi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aileen J F King
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Cryopreserved or Fresh Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Only a Matter of Taste or Key to Unleash the Full Clinical Potential of MSC Therapy? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 951:77-98. [PMID: 27837556 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) harbor great therapeutic potential for numerous diseases. From early clinical trials, success and failure analysis, bench-to-bedside and back-to-bench approaches, there has been a great gain in knowledge, still leaving a number of questions to be answered regarding optimal manufacturing and quality of MSCs for clinical application. For treatment of many acute indications, cryobanking may remain a prerequisite, but great uncertainty exists considering the therapeutic value of freshly thawed (thawed) and continuously cultured (fresh) MSCs. The field has seen an explosion of new literature lately, outlining the relevance of the topic. MSCs appear to have compromised immunomodulatory activity directly after thawing for clinical application. This may provide a possible explanation for failure of early clinical trials. It is not clear if and how quickly MSCs recover their full therapeutic activity, and if the "cryo stun effect" is relevant for clinical success. Here, we will share our latest insights into the relevance of these observations for clinical practice that will be discussed in the context of the published literature. We argue that the differences of fresh and thawed MSCs are limited but significant. A key issue in evaluating potency differences is the time point of analysis after thawing. To date, prospective double-blinded randomized clinical studies to evaluate potency of both products are lacking, although recent progress was made with preclinical assessment. We suggest refocusing therapeutic MSC development on potency and safety assays with close resemblance of the clinical reality.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult stromal cells with therapeutic potential in allogeneic islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes patients. The process of islet isolation alone has been shown to negatively impact islet survival and function in vivo. In addition, insults mediated by the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction, hypoxia, ischemia and immune response significantly impact the islet allograft post transplantation. MSCs are known to exert cytoprotective and immune modulatory properties and thus are an attractive therapeutic in this context. Herein, the recent progress in the field of MSC therapy in islet transplantation is discussed. RECENT FINDINGS MSC can promote islet survival and function in vivo. Importantly, studies have shown that human MSC donors have differential abilities in promoting islet regeneration/survival. Recently, several biomarkers associated with MSC islet regenerative capacity have been identified. Expressions of Annexin A1, Elastin microfibril interface 1 and integrin-linked protein kinase are upregulated in MSC displaying protective effects on islet survival and function in vivo. SUMMARY The discovery of biomarkers associated with MSC therapeutic efficacy represents an important step forward for the utilization of MSC therapy in islet transplantation; however, much remains to be elucidated about the mechanisms utilized by MSC in protection against transplanted islet loss, autoimmune-mediated and alloimmune-mediated rejection.
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12
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Mutoji K, Singh A, Nguyen T, Gildersleeve H, Kaucher AV, Oatley MJ, Oatley JM, Velte EK, Geyer CB, Cheng K, McCarrey JR, Hermann BP. TSPAN8 Expression Distinguishes Spermatogonial Stem Cells in the Prepubertal Mouse Testis. Biol Reprod 2016; 95:117. [PMID: 27733379 PMCID: PMC5315423 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.144220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise separation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) from progenitor spermatogonia that lack stem cell activity and are committed to differentiation remains a challenge. To distinguish between these spermatogonial subtypes, we identified genes that exhibited bimodal mRNA levels at the single-cell level among undifferentiated spermatogonia from Postnatal Day 6 mouse testes, including Tspan8, Epha2, and Pvr, each of which encode cell surface proteins useful for cell selection. Transplantation studies provided definitive evidence that a TSPAN8-high subpopulation is enriched for SSCs. RNA-seq analyses identified genes differentially expressed between TSPAN8-high and -low subpopulations that clustered into multiple biological pathways potentially involved in SSC renewal or differentiation, respectively. Methyl-seq analysis identified hypomethylated domains in the promoters of these genes in both subpopulations that colocalized with peaks of histone modifications defined by ChIP-seq analysis. Taken together, these results demonstrate functional heterogeneity among mouse undifferentiated spermatogonia and point to key biological characteristics that distinguish SSCs from progenitor spermatogonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazadi Mutoji
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Anukriti Singh
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Thu Nguyen
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Heidi Gildersleeve
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Genomics Core Facility, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Amy V Kaucher
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Melissa J Oatley
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Jon M Oatley
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Ellen K Velte
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Christopher B Geyer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Keren Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - John R McCarrey
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Brian P Hermann
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Genomics Core Facility, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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Goswami S, Yee SW, Xu F, Sridhar SB, Mosley JD, Takahashi A, Kubo M, Maeda S, Davis RL, Roden DM, Hedderson MM, Giacomini KM, Savic RM. A Longitudinal HbA1c Model Elucidates Genes Linked to Disease Progression on Metformin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:537-547. [PMID: 27415606 PMCID: PMC5534241 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One-third of type-2 diabetic patients respond poorly to metformin. Despite extensive research, the impact of genetic and nongenetic factors on long-term outcome is unknown. In this study we combine nonlinear mixed effect modeling with computational genetic methodologies to identify predictors of long-term response. In all, 1,056 patients contributed their genetic, demographic, and long-term HbA1c data. The top nine variants (of 12,000 variants in 267 candidate genes) accounted for approximately one-third of the variability in the disease progression parameter. Average serum creatinine level, age, and weight were determinants of symptomatic response; however, explaining negligible variability. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CSMD1 gene (rs2617102, rs2954625) and one SNP in a pharmacologically relevant SLC22A2 gene (rs316009) influenced disease progression, with minor alleles leading to less and more favorable outcomes, respectively. Overall, our study highlights the influence of genetic factors on long-term HbA1c response and provides a computational model, which when validated, may be used to individualize treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Goswami
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - S W Yee
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - F Xu
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - S B Sridhar
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - J D Mosley
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - A Takahashi
- RIKEN Institute, Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Kubo
- RIKEN Institute, Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Maeda
- RIKEN Institute, Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - R L Davis
- Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - D M Roden
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - M M Hedderson
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - K M Giacomini
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - R M Savic
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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