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In vitro evaluation of the anti-mutagenic effect of Origanum majorana extract on the meristemetic root cells of Vicia faba. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1658-3655(12)60028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Ganesan K, Sukalingam K, Xu B. Impact of consumption of repeatedly heated cooking oils on the incidence of various cancers- A critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:488-505. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1379470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University – Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Kumeshini Sukalingam
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University – Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University – Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
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3
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Suman S, Shukla Y. Diallyl Sulfide and Its Role in Chronic Diseases Prevention. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 929:127-144. [PMID: 27771923 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (C6H10S, DAS) is one of the novel natural organosulfur compounds, which is mostly obtained from the genus Allium plants. Numerous studies have revealed several unique properties of DAS in terms of its health-promoting effects. DAS has proved to be anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-angiogenic, and immunomodulatory like unique functions as demonstrated by the multiple investigations. Diallyl sulfide can also impede oxidative stress and chronic inflammation as suggested by the literature. Studies also explored that DAS could thwart the development of chronic diseases like cancer, neuronal, cardiovascular disease through modulating mechanistic pathways involved in pathogenesis. In this book chapter, we have attempted to give the comprehensive view on DAS about the physiochemical and biological properties, and its preventive role in chronic diseases with a mechanistic overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Suman
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, 31, Vish Vigyan Bhawan, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yogeshwer Shukla
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, 31, Vish Vigyan Bhawan, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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4
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Mellado-García P, Maisanaba S, Puerto M, Llana-Ruiz-Cabello M, Prieto A, Marcos R, Pichardo S, Cameán A. Genotoxicity assessment of propyl thiosulfinate oxide, an organosulfur compound from Allium extract, intended to food active packaging. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 86:365-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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5
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Jain K, Dhawan DK. Regulation of Biokinetics of 65Zn by Curcumin and Zinc in Experimentally Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2014; 29:310-6. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kinnri Jain
- Centre for Nuclear Medicine, University Institute of Emerging Areas in Science and Technology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Devinder K. Dhawan
- Centre for Nuclear Medicine, University Institute of Emerging Areas in Science and Technology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Ahmad W, Shaikh S, Nazam N, Lone MI. Protective Effects of Quercetin against Dimethoate-Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Allium sativum Test. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:632672. [PMID: 27379342 PMCID: PMC4897342 DOI: 10.1155/2014/632672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was directed to study the possible protective activity of quercetin-a natural antioxidant against dimethoate-induced cyto- and genotoxicity in meristematic cells of Allium sativum. So far there is no report on the biological properties of quercetin in plant test systems. Chromosome breaks, multipolar anaphase, stick chromosome, and mitotic activity were undertaken in the current study as markers of cyto- and genotoxicity. Untreated control, quercetin controls (@ 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL for 3 h), and dimethoate exposed groups (@ 100 and 200 μg/mL for 3 h) were maintained. For protection against cytogenotoxicity, the root tip cells treated with dimethoate at 100 and 200 μg/mL for 3 h and quercetin treatment at 5, 10, and 20 μg/mL for 16 h, prior to dimethoate treatment, were undertaken. Quercetin was found to be neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic in Allium sativum control at these doses. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in chromosomal aberrations was noted in dimethoate treated Allium. Pretreatment of Allium sativum with quercetin significantly (P < 0.05) reduced dimethoate-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in meristematic cells, and these effects were dose dependent. In conclusion, quercetin has a protective role in the abatement of dimethoate-induced cyto- and genotoxicity in the meristematic cells of Allium sativum that resides, at least in part, on its antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ahmad
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Nazia Nazam
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Iqbal Lone
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
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7
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Manju M, Vijayasree AS, Akbarsha MA, Oommen OV. Protective effect of dietary curcumin in Anabas testudineus (Bloch) with a special note on DNA fragmentation assay on hepatocytes and micronucleus assay on erythrocytes in vivo. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 39:1323-1330. [PMID: 23515757 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9786-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety of long-term dietary curcumin at doses 0.5 and 1% in Anabas testudineus employing hematological and cytological techniques. The fish were fed with curcumin-supplemented feed for 6 months. Fine blood smears were prepared and subjected to three different staining techniques. The erythrocyte micronucleus frequency (MN) and the cytometric measurements of erythrocytes were determined. Blood from the control and treated fish was subjected to the assessment of several hematological parameters. Also, DNA fragmentation assay on hepatocytes was conducted. The results showed that hemoglobin content, RBC count and hematocrit increased in the curcumin-fed fish compared to control, whereas WBC count, platelet count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were unaffected. WBC/RBC ratio was lower in the case of curcumin-treated fish. The cytometric measurements revealed no change in the erythrocytes and their nuclei after curcumin treatment. DNA fragmentation assay revealed intact DNA in curcumin-fed group, ruling out the possibility of curcumin-induced DNA damage. The positive control group showed a significant increase in MN frequency compared to negative control and curcumin-fed groups. In fact, the MN frequency decreased in 1% curcumin-fed group compared to the negative control and 0.5% curcumin groups. All these indicated a state of well-being of the curcumin-treated fish. Therefore, it is concluded that curcumin could be used as a safe feed ingredient to improve the growth of finfish in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maniyan Manju
- Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 581, India,
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Sangeetha N, Viswanathan P, Balasubramanian T, Nalini N. Colon cancer chemopreventive efficacy of silibinin through perturbation of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in experimental rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 674:430-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Srivastava S, Singh M, George J, Bhui K, Shukla Y. Genotoxic and carcinogenic risks associated with the consumption of repeatedly boiled sunflower oil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:11179-11186. [PMID: 20886885 DOI: 10.1021/jf102651n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Repeated boiling of vegetable oils at high temperature in cooking and frying is a very common practice and leads to the formation of a class of toxic substances. Among them, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are well-documented for their mutagenic/carcinogenic potential. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the genotoxic and carcinogenic risks associated with the consumption of repeatedly boiled sunflower oil, which is one of the commonly consumed vegetable oils in southeast Asian countries. The presence of PAHs was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods in fresh, single-boiled, and repeatedly-boiled sunflower oil (FSO, SBSO, and RBSO) samples. A higher amount of known carcinogenic/mutagenic PAHs in RBSO samples were shown, as compared to FSO and SBSO. Oral administration of RBSO in Wistar rats resulted in significant induction of aberrant cells (p < 0.05) and micronuclei (p < 0.05) incidence in a dose-dependent manner. Oxidative stress analysis also showed a significant decrease in levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, with a concurrent increase in reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in animals following RBSO consumption, as compared to FSO or SBSO (p < 0.05). Additionally, RBSO administration alone and along with diethylnitrosamine for 12 weeks induced altered hepatic foci, as noticed by the alteration in positive (γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and glutathione-S-transferase) and negative (adenosine-triphosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and glucose-6-phosphatase) liver biomarkers. A significant decrease in the relative and absolute hepatic weight in RBSO-supplemented rats was also noted (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Srivastava
- Proteomics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Post Office Box 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
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10
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Genotoxic and carcinogenic risks associated with the dietary consumption of repeatedly heated coconut oil. Br J Nutr 2010; 104:1343-52. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510002229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Repeated heating of vegetable oils at high temperatures during cooking is a very common cooking practice. Repeated heating of edible oils can generate a number of compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), some of which have been reported to have carcinogenic potential. Consumption of these repeatedly heated oils can pose a serious health hazard. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the genotoxic and carcinogenic risks associated with the consumption of repeatedly heated coconut oil (RCO), which is one of the commonly consumed cooking and frying medium. The PAH were analysed using HPLC in fresh CO, single-heated CO (SCO) and RCO. Results revealed the presence of certain PAH, known to possess carcinogenic potential, in RCO when compared with SCO. Oral intake of RCO in Wistar rats resulted in a significant induction of aberrant cells (P < 0·05) and micronuclei (P < 0·05) in a dose-dependent manner. Oxidative stress analysis showed a significant (P < 0·05) decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase with a concurrent increase in reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in the liver. In addition, RCO given alone and along with diethylnitrosamine for 12 weeks induced altered hepatic foci as noticed by alteration in positive (γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and glutathione-S-transferase) and negative (adenosine triphosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase) hepatospecific biomarkers. A significant decrease in the relative and absolute hepatic weight of RCO-supplemented rats was recorded (P < 0·05). In conclusion, dietary consumption of RCO can cause a genotoxic and preneoplastic change in the liver.
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11
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Dandekar P, Dhumal R, Jain R, Tiwari D, Vanage G, Patravale V. Toxicological evaluation of pH-sensitive nanoparticles of curcumin: Acute, sub-acute and genotoxicity studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:2073-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Dandekar PP, Patravale VB. Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating LC Method for Curcumin. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-0995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Srivastava S, Singh M, Roy P, Prasad S, George J, Shukla Y. Inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on hepatic preneoplastic foci in Wistar rats. Invest New Drugs 2008; 27:526-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-008-9204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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14
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Corona-Rivera A, Urbina-Cano P, Bobadilla-Morales L, Vargas-Lares JDJ, Ramirez-Herrera MA, Mendoza-Magaua ML, Troyo-Sanroman R, Diaz-Esquivel P, Corona-Rivera JR. Protective in vivo effect of curcumin on copper genotoxicity evaluated by comet and micronucleus assays. J Appl Genet 2008; 48:389-96. [PMID: 17998598 DOI: 10.1007/bf03195238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a phytochemical with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic activities. Apparently, curcumin is not genotoxic in vivo, but in vitro copper and curcumin interactions induce genetic damage. The aim of this study was to test if in vivo copper excess induces DNA damage measured by comet and micronucleus assays in the presence of curcumin. We tested 0.2% curcumin in Balb-C mice at normal (13 ppm) and high (65, 130 and 390 ppm) copper ion concentrations. The comet and micronucleus assays were performed 48 hr after chemical application. Comet tail length in animals treated with 0.2% curcumin was not significantly different from the control. Animals exposed to copper cations (up to 390 ppm) exhibited higher oxidative DNA damage. Curcumin reduced the DNA damage induced by 390 ppm copper. We observed statistically significant increase in damage in individuals exposed to 390 ppm copper versus the control or curcumin groups, which was lowered by the presence of curcumin. Qualitative data on comets evidenced that cells from individuals exposed to 390 ppm copper had longer tails (categories 3 and 4) than in 390 ppm copper + curcumin. A statistically significant increase in frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes (MNE/10000TE) was observed only in 390 ppm copper versus the control and curcumin alone. Also cytotoxicity measured as the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes (PE/1000TE) was attributable to 390 ppm copper. The lowest cytotoxic effect observed was attributed to curcumin. In vivo exposure to 0.2% curcumin for 48 hr did not cause genomic damage, while 390 ppm copper was genotoxic, but DNA damage induced by 390 ppm copper was diminished by curcumin. Curcumin seems to exert a genoprotective effect against DNA damage induced by high concentrations of copper cations. The comet and micronucleus assays prove to be suitable tools to detect DNA damage by copper in the presence of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Corona-Rivera
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Genética Humana Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
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15
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Khan A, Shukla Y, Kalra N, Alam M, Ahmad MG, Hakim SR, Owais M. Potential of diallyl sulfide bearing pH-sensitive liposomes in chemoprevention against DMBA-induced skin papilloma. Mol Med 2007. [PMID: 17622315 DOI: 10.2119/2006-00111.khan] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (DAS), an active component of garlic, possesses strong anti-neoplastic properties against various forms of cancer. In the present study, we have evaluated chemo-preventive effects of liposomized DAS (conventional egg PC and pH-sensitive liposomes) against DMBA-induced skin papilloma. Various liposome-based novel formulations of DAS (250 microg/mouse) were applied topically, after one hour of exposure to DMBA (52 microg/mouse/dose), to the animals. The animals were treated thrice weekly for the total period of 12 weeks. The efficacy of the various liposomal formulations of DAS was evaluated on the basis of parameters such as incidence of tumorogenesis and total numbers and sizes of induced tumor nodules. The liposomized DAS formulations also were assessed for their effect on the expression of p53wt, p53mut, and p21/Waf1. The results of the present study showed that liposomized DAS could effectively delay the onset of tumorogenesis and reduce the cumulative numbers and sizes of tumor papillomas in treated mice. Treatment of DMBA-exposed animals with the liposomal formulation of DAS ensued in upregulation of p53wt and p21/Waf1, while levels of p53mut expression reduced down. The promising chemo-preventive nature of liposomal DAS may form the basis for establishing effective means of controlling various forms of cancer, including skin papilloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Ragunathan I, Panneerselvam N. Antimutagenic potential of curcumin on chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2007; 8:470-5. [PMID: 17610326 PMCID: PMC1906592 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2007.b0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Turmeric has long been used as a spice and food colouring agent in Asia. In the present investigation, the antimutagenic potential of curcumin was evaluated in Allium cepa root meristem cells. So far there is no report on the biological properties of curcumin in plant test systems. The root tip cells were treated with sodium azide at 200 and 300 microg/ml for 3 h and curcumin was given at 5, 10 and 20 microg/ml for 16 h, prior to sodium azide treatment. The tips were squashed after colchicine treatment and the cells were analyzed for chromosome aberration and mitotic index. Curcumin induces chromosomal aberration in Allium cepa root tip cells in an insignificant manner, when compared with untreated control. Sodium azide alone induces chromosomal aberrations significantly with increasing concentrations. The total number of aberrations was significantly reduced in root tip cells pretreated with curcumin. The study reveals that curcumin has antimutagenic potential against sodium azide induced chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa root meristem cells. In addition, it showed mild cytotoxicity by reducing the percentage of mitotic index in all curcumin treated groups, but the mechanism of action remains unknown. The antimutagenic potential of curcumin is effective at 5 microg/ml in Allium cepa root meristem cells.
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Khan A, Shukla Y, Kalra N, Alam M, Ahmad MG, Hakim SR, Owais M. Potential of diallyl sulfide bearing pH-sensitive liposomes in chemoprevention against DMBA-induced skin papilloma. MOLECULAR MEDICINE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2007; 13:443-51. [PMID: 17622315 PMCID: PMC1952677 DOI: 10.2119/2006–00111.khan] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (DAS), an active component of garlic, possesses strong anti-neoplastic properties against various forms of cancer. In the present study, we have evaluated chemo-preventive effects of liposomized DAS (conventional egg PC and pH-sensitive liposomes) against DMBA-induced skin papilloma. Various liposome-based novel formulations of DAS (250 microg/mouse) were applied topically, after one hour of exposure to DMBA (52 microg/mouse/dose), to the animals. The animals were treated thrice weekly for the total period of 12 weeks. The efficacy of the various liposomal formulations of DAS was evaluated on the basis of parameters such as incidence of tumorogenesis and total numbers and sizes of induced tumor nodules. The liposomized DAS formulations also were assessed for their effect on the expression of p53wt, p53mut, and p21/Waf1. The results of the present study showed that liposomized DAS could effectively delay the onset of tumorogenesis and reduce the cumulative numbers and sizes of tumor papillomas in treated mice. Treatment of DMBA-exposed animals with the liposomal formulation of DAS ensued in upregulation of p53wt and p21/Waf1, while levels of p53mut expression reduced down. The promising chemo-preventive nature of liposomal DAS may form the basis for establishing effective means of controlling various forms of cancer, including skin papilloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Yogeshwer Shukla
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Center, Lucknow, India
| | - Neetu Kalra
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Center, Lucknow, India
| | - Maroof Alam
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | | | | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Mohammad Owais, Inter-Disciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India. Phone: 91-0571-2720388; Fax: 91-0571-2721776; E-mail:
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Doppalapudi RS, Riccio ES, Rausch LL, Shimon JA, Lee PS, Mortelmans KE, Kapetanovic IM, Crowell JA, Mirsalis JC. Evaluation of chemopreventive agents for genotoxic activity. Mutat Res 2007; 629:148-60. [PMID: 17387038 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2006] [Revised: 02/12/2007] [Accepted: 02/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We conducted genetic toxicity evaluations of 11 candidate chemopreventive agents with the potential for inhibiting carcinogenesis in humans at increased risk of cancer. The compounds were evaluated for bacterial mutagenesis in the Salmonella-E. coli assay, for mammalian mutagenesis in mouse lymphoma cells, for chromosome aberrations in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, and for micronucleus induction in mouse bone marrow. Tested agents were indole 3-carbinol (I3C), bowman-birk inhibitor concentrate (BBIC), black tea polyphenols (BTP), farnesol, geraniol, l-Se-methylselenocysteine (SeMC), 5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[1,2]-dithiol-3-thione(DC-D3T), 4'-bromoflavone, 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-(2R-[4R,8R,12-trimethyltridecyl] chroman-6-yloxy) acetic acid (alpha-TEA), SR13668 (2,10-dicarbethoxy-6-methoxy-5,7-dihydro-indolo[2,3-b] carbazole and SR16157 (3-O-sulfamoyloxy-7alpha-methyl-21-(2-N,N-diethylaminoethoxy)-19-norpregna-1,3,5(10)-triene). All these agents, except I3C and BTP, were negative in the Salmonella-E. coli assay in the presence and absence of metabolic activation (S9). I3C and BTP induced a weak mutagenic response in the presence and absence of S9 with strains TA100 and TA98, respectively. Of the three compounds tested in the mouse lymphoma assay (I3C, BBIC, and BTP), only BTP was mutagenic in the presence of S9. In the chromosomal aberration assay, of the 8 compounds that were tested, 4'-bromoflavone elicited a positive response in the absence of S9 only, while SR16157 was positive in the presence of S9. The results with geraniol remain inconclusive. I3C, BBIC and BTP were not tested in the chromosomal aberration assay. None of the 11 agents induced micronuclei in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes.
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The frequency of sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei in evaluation of cytogenetic activity of Kombucha on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. ARCHIVE OF ONCOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.2298/aoo0704085m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kombucha is a refreshing beverage obtained by the fermentation of sweetened black tea with a ?tea fungus? (symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts). It is consumed due to its potential beneficial effects on human health. The aim of this study was to investigate activity of Kombucha on human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. We analyzed Kombucha made from different substrates: Camellia sinensis and Satureja montana, and effects of substrates alone. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) were scored as genetic endpoints and mitomycin C was used as model mutagen. Kombucha from Camellia sinensis and Camellia sinensis substrate increased frequency of MN and SCE on mitomycin C-treated and -untreated peripheral blood lymphocytes. However, Kombucha from Satureja montana reduced incidence of MN on mitomycin C-treated and -untreated peripheral blood lymphocytes, while SCE frequency was higher than control value. In our pilot study we showed for the first time that Kombucha from different substrates induced different effects on mitomycin C-treated and -untreated peripheral blood lymphocytes.
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Selvakumar E, Prahalathan C, Varalakshmi P, Kumarasamy P, Saravanan R. Modification of cyclophosphamide-induced clastogenesis and apoptosis in rats by alpha-lipoic acid. Mutat Res 2006; 606:85-91. [PMID: 16697249 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Revised: 03/18/2006] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on the cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced chromosomal aberrations (CA) and apoptosis in the bone marrow of rats. Male Wistar rats of 140+/-20 g were categorized into eight groups. Five groups were administered CP (40 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) to induce toxicity; four of these groups received a single intraperitoneal injection of LA at a dose of either 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight, and either 30 or 60 min prior to CP administration. A vehicle-treated control group and LA control groups were also included. Twenty-four hours after CP treatment, the frequency of CA in bone marrow cells were significantly increased in comparison with the controls. The CP-induced CA were associated with significant increase in DNA damage in the bone marrow as evidenced by increased single strand breaks, whereas in rats treated with LA and CP, the frequency of CA and single strand breaks were significantly decreased in comparison to those given CP alone. CP administration distinctly triggered the apoptotic and necrotic cell death, and LA pretreatment affected cell death by decreasing the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells. The protective effect of LA was found to be stronger at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight than 100 mg/kg body weight dosage, indicating the dose dependent protective effect of LA. However, the protection by LA was not dependent on the time intervals between LA and CP administration. The results of this study illustrate the protective effect of LA on the CA and apoptosis induced by CP in the erythropoietic system of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Selvakumar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600113, India
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Pérez-Arriaga L, Mendoza-Magaña ML, Cortés-Zárate R, Corona-Rivera A, Bobadilla-Morales L, Troyo-Sanromán R, Ramírez-Herrera MA. Cytotoxic effect of curcumin on Giardia lamblia trophozoites. Acta Trop 2006; 98:152-61. [PMID: 16678115 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2006.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Revised: 03/24/2006] [Accepted: 03/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Giardia lamblia is one of the most important worldwide causes of intestinal infections produced by protozoa. Thus, the search for new alternative therapeutic approaches for this parasitic disease is very important. Common drugs used to control and eradicate this infection, frequently exhibit side effects that force patients to abandon treatment. The present work evaluates the anti-protozoan activity of curcumin, the main constituent of turmeric. Axenic G. lamblia (Portland 1 strain) cultures were exposed to different concentrations of curcumin. Its effects were evaluated on parasite growth, adhesion capacity and parasite morphology. We also evaluated the capacity of curcumin to induce an apoptosis-like effect. All curcumin concentrations inhibited trophozoite growth and adhesion in more than 50% in dose and time dependent manner. Morphological changes were described as protrusions formed under the cytoplasmic membrane, deformation due to swelling and cell agglutination. Curcumin induced apoptosis-like nuclear staining in dose and time dependent manner. In conclusion, curcumin exhibited a cytotoxic effect in G. lamblia inhibiting the parasite growth and adherent capacity, induced morphological alterations, provoked apoptosis-like changes. Future in vitro and in vivo experiments are endowed to elucidate the effect of curcumin in an experimental model of G. lamblia infection, analyze the involvement of ion channels in the swelling effect of curcumin during an apparent osmotic deregulation in G. lamblia trophozoites. This will lead to the proposal of the action mechanism of curcumin as well as the description of mechanism involved during the activation process for the apoptotic-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pérez-Arriaga
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco, CP 44340, México
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22
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Arora A, Siddiqui IA, Shukla Y. Modulation of p53 in 7,12-dimethylbenz[ a]anthracene–induced skin tumors by diallyl sulfide in Swiss albino mice. Mol Cancer Ther 2004. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.1459.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Allium vegetables have been shown to have beneficial health effects against several chronic diseases including cancer. Diallyl sulfide (DAS), an organosulfur compound present in garlic, is well known for its chemopreventive properties in several tumor models. The pharmacologic role of DAS in prevention and treatment of cancer is well documented in the literature, but its molecular mechanism of action is not yet well defined. In the present study, modulation in p53 expression by topical application of DAS was recorded in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)–induced skin tumors in Swiss albino mice. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical protein detection, combined with multivariable flow cytometry, show that DAS application induces the expression of the wild-type (wt) p53 and down-regulates the expression of mutant (mut) p53. Immunoblotting analysis of tumors showed significant increase in levels of wtp53 by DAS application, whereas for mutp53 the DMBA-induced levels of protein were found to reduce to near normal levels with DAS application. The quantitative analysis of immunostained skin/tumor sections using image analysis and quantitative stereology showed 66.6% and 54.2% increases in wtp53 levels and 53.4% and 44.3% decreases in mutp53 levels in animals where DAS was applied 1 hour prior to or 1 hour after DMBA application, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis further confirmed modulation of wtp53 and mutp53 protein in DAS-supplemented tumors. The increase in the expression of wt tumor suppressor gene protein p53 was accompanied by elevation of the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/waf1. The percentage increase in the levels of p21/waf1 was found to be 72.9% and 61.3%, respectively, in DAS-supplemented groups before and after administration. These results thus show that DAS is a potential chemopreventive agent capable of modulating and regulating the tumor suppressor p53 along with its downstream effective molecule, p21/waf1. Thus, DAS can be a potential chemopreventive agent against skin tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu Arora
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Center, Lucknow, India
| | - Imtiaz A. Siddiqui
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Center, Lucknow, India
| | - Yogeshwer Shukla
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Center, Lucknow, India
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Kang YH, Pezzuto JM. Induction of quinone reductase as a primary screen for natural product anticarcinogens. Methods Enzymol 2004; 382:380-414. [PMID: 15047113 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(04)82021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hwa Kang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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