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da Silva Gomes PS, da Silva WW, de Cássia Gasparoti G, Payolla FB, de Oliveira JA, Barbugli PA, Marin-Dett FH, Cavicchioli M, Massabni AC, Resende FA. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of a novel oxovanadium complex with orotate. MUTATION RESEARCH/GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 883-884:503558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lodovichi S, Bellè F, Cervelli T, Lorenzoni A, Maresca L, Cozzani C, Caligo MA, Galli A. Effect of BRCA1 missense variants on gene reversion in DNA double-strand break repair mutants and cell cycle-arrested cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutagenesis 2019; 35:189-195. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractEvaluation of the functional impact of germline BRCA1 variants that are likely to be associated to breast and ovarian cancer could help to investigate the mechanism of BRCA1 tumorigenesis. Expression of pathogenic BRCA1 missense variants increased homologous recombination (HR) and gene reversion (GR) in yeast. We thought to exploit yeast genetics to shed light on BRCA1-induced genome instability and tumorigenesis. We determined the effect on GR of several neutral and pathogenic BRCA1 variants in the yeast strain RSY6wt and its isogenic DSB repair mutants, such as mre11∆, rad50∆ and rad51∆. In the RSY6wt, four out of five pathogenic and two out of six neutral variants significantly increased GR; rad51∆ strain, the pathogenic variants C61G and A1708E induced a weak but significant increase in GR. On the other hand, in rad50∆ mutant expressing the pathogenic variants localised at the BRCT domain, a further GR increase was seen. The neutral variant N132K and the VUS A1789T induced a weak GR increase in mre11∆ mutant. Thus, BRCA1 missense variants require specific genetic functions and presumably induced GR by different mechanisms. As DNA repair is regulated by cell cycle, we determined the effect on GR of BRCA1 variants in cell cycle-arrested RSYwt cells. GR is highly BRCA1-inducible in S-phase-arrested cells as compared to G1 or G2. Sequence analysis of genomic DNA from ILV1 revertant clones showed that BRCA1-induced ilv1-92 reversion by base substitution when GR is at least 6-fold over the control. Our study demonstrated that BRCA1 may interfere with yeast DNA repair functions that are active in S-phase causing high level of GR. In addition, we confirmed here that yeast could be a reliable model to investigate the mechanism and genetic requirements of BRCA1-induced genome instability. Finally, developing yeast-based assays to characterise BRCA1 missense variants could be useful to design more precise therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Lodovichi
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Bellè
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cervelli
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lorenzoni
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luisa Maresca
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Cozzani
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Adelaide Caligo
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alvaro Galli
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
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Maresca L, Lodovichi S, Lorenzoni A, Cervelli T, Monaco R, Spugnesi L, Tancredi M, Falaschi E, Zavaglia K, Landucci E, Roncella M, Congregati C, Gadducci A, Naccarato AG, Caligo MA, Galli A. Functional Interaction Between BRCA1 and DNA Repair in Yeast May Uncover a Role of RAD50, RAD51, MRE11A, and MSH6 Somatic Variants in Cancer Development. Front Genet 2018; 9:397. [PMID: 30283497 PMCID: PMC6156519 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we determined if BRCA1 partners involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) and mismatch repair (MMR) may contribute to breast and ovarian cancer development. Taking advantage the functional conservation of DNA repair pathways between yeast and human, we expressed several BRCA1 missense variants in DNA repair yeast mutants to identify functional interaction between BRCA1 and DNA repair in BRCA1-induced genome instability. The pathogenic p.C61G, pA1708E, p.M775R, and p.I1766S, and the neutral pS1512I BRCA1 variants increased intra-chromosomal recombination in the DNA-repair proficient strain RSY6. In the mre11, rad50, rad51, and msh6 deletion strains, the BRCA1 variants p.C61G, pA1708E, p.M775R, p.I1766S, and pS1215I did not increase intra-chromosomal recombination suggesting that a functional DNA repair pathway is necessary for BRCA1 variants to determine genome instability. The pathogenic p.C61G and p.I1766S and the neutral p.N132K, p.Y179C, and p.N550H variants induced a significant increase of reversion in the msh2Δ strain; the neutral p.Y179C and the pathogenic p.I1766S variant induced gene reversion also, in the msh6Δ strain. These results imply a functional interaction between MMR and BRCA1 in modulating genome instability. We also performed a somatic mutational screening of MSH6, RAD50, MRE11A, and RAD51 genes in tumor samples from 34 patients and identified eight pathogenic or predicted pathogenic rare missense variants: four in MSH6, one in RAD50, one in MRE11A, and two in RAD51. Although we found no correlation between BRCA1 status and these somatic DNA repair variants, this study suggests that somatic missense variants in DNA repair genes may contribute to breast and ovarian tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Maresca
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Samuele Lodovichi
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,PhD Program in Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lorenzoni
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cervelli
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella Monaco
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Spugnesi
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariella Tancredi
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Falaschi
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Katia Zavaglia
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Caterina Congregati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angiolo Gadducci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Adelaide Caligo
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alvaro Galli
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Kopp B, Zalko D, Audebert M. Genotoxicity of 11 heavy metals detected as food contaminants in two human cell lines. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2018; 59:202-210. [PMID: 29150881 DOI: 10.1002/em.22157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, such as arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), germanium (Ge), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), tellurium (Te), and vanadium (V) are widely distributed in the environment and in the food chain. Human exposure to heavy metals through water and food has been reported by different international agencies. Although some of these heavy metals are essential elements for human growth and development, they may also be toxic at low concentrations due to indirect mechanisms. In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic properties of 15 different oxidation statuses of 11 different heavy metals were investigated using high-throughput screening (γH2AX assay) in two human cell lines (HepG2 and LS-174T) representative of target organs (liver and colon) for food contaminants. Base on their lowest observed adverse effect concentration, the genotoxic potency of each heavy metal in each cell line was ranked in decreasing order, NaAsO2 > CdCl2 > PbCl2 (only in LS-174T cells) > As2 O5 > SbCl3 > K2 TeO3 > As2 O3 . No significant genotoxicity was observed with the other heavy metals tested. Cell viability data indicate that several heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Ni, Sb, and Te) induce cytotoxicity at high concentrations, whereas an increase in the number of cells was observed for lead concentrations >100 µM in both cell lines tested, suggesting that lead stimulates cell growth. All these results highlight the possible human health hazards associated with the presence of heavy metals present in food. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:202-210, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kopp
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères, France
| | - D Zalko
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Audebert
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Zwolak I. Vanadium carcinogenic, immunotoxic and neurotoxic effects: a review ofin vitrostudies. Toxicol Mech Methods 2013; 24:1-12. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2013.843110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ehrlich VA, Nersesyan AK, Hoelzl C, Ferk F, Bichler J, Valic E, Schaffer A, Schulte-Hermann R, Fenech M, Wagner KH, Knasmüller S. Inhalative exposure to vanadium pentoxide causes DNA damage in workers: results of a multiple end point study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2008; 116:1689-93. [PMID: 19079721 PMCID: PMC2599764 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhalative exposure to vanadium pentoxide (V(2)O(5)) causes lung cancer in rodents. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of V(2)O(5) on DNA stability in workers from a V(2)O(5) factory. METHODS We determined DNA strand breaks in leukocytes of 52 workers and controls using the alkaline comet assay. We also investigated different parameters of chromosomal instability in lymphocytes of 23 workers and 24 controls using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) cytome method. RESULTS Seven of eight biomarkers were increased in blood cells of the workers, and vanadium plasma concentrations in plasma were 7-fold higher than in the controls (0.31 microg/L). We observed no difference in DNA migration under standard conditions, but we found increased tail lengths due to formation of oxidized purines (7%) and pyrimidines (30%) with lesion-specific enzymes (formamidopyrimidine glycosylase and endonuclease III) in the workers. Bleomycin-induced DNA migration was higher in the exposed group (25%), whereas the repair of bleomycin-induced lesions was reduced. Workers had a 2.5-fold higher MN frequency, and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) and nuclear buds (Nbuds) were increased 7-fold and 3-fold, respectively. Also, apoptosis and necrosis rates were higher, but only the latter parameter reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS V(2)O(5) causes oxidation of DNA bases, affects DNA repair, and induces formation of MNs, NPBs, and Nbuds in blood cells, suggesting that the workers are at increased risk for cancer and other diseases that are related to DNA instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika A. Ehrlich
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Armen K. Nersesyan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Hoelzl
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Bichler
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Valic
- Austrian Workers Compensation Board, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Rolf Schulte-Hermann
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Fenech
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Human Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Siegfried Knasmüller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Address correspondence to S. Knasmüller, Institute for Cancer Research, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Telephone: 43-1-4277-65142. Fax: 43-1-4277-6519. E-mail:
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Imai K, Nakamura M. In vitro embryotoxicity testing of metals for dental use by differentiation of embryonic stem cell test. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2006; 46:34-8. [PMID: 16643597 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2006.00099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined embryotoxicity using the embryonic stem cell test (EST) protocol. Tests were conducted using standard reagents for the atomic absorption measurement of 11 metal ions, silver, cobalt, chromium, copper, mercury, nickel, palladium, antimony, tin, vanadium, and zinc from among metals comprising dental alloys. In addition, for four metals like silver, cobalt, chromium, and nickel, the tests were also conducted using a test solution extracted from powder in the cell culture medium. The embryotoxic potential was obtained from a biostatistics-based prediction model, which was calculated from three endpoints, the ID50, IC50ES and IC(50)3T3. Data with the standard reagents showed that chromium and mercury ions corresponded to class 3, that is, having a strong embryotoxicity, while antimony, tin, and vanadium ions exhibited a weak embryotoxicity. The other metal ions demonstrated no embryotoxicity. On the other hand, when extracts of metal powder in cell culture solutions were used, silver exhibited a weak embryotoxicity while all other metals exhibited no embryotoxicity. In the future, it will be important to clarify the embryotoxicity of the many dental materials that are in use today. In addition, it is necessary to develop substances to ensure they have no toxicity before use in dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Imai
- Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata-city, Osaka, Japan.
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8
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Attia SM, Badary OA, Hamada FM, de Angelis MH, Adler ID. Orthovanadate increased the frequency of aneuploid mouse sperm without micronucleus induction in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes at the same dose level. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2005; 583:158-67. [PMID: 15886051 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2004] [Revised: 02/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to investigate the ability of orthovanadate to induce aneuploidy in mouse sperm and micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells at the same dose levels. The BrdU-incorporation assay was performed to test if the chemical treatment altered the duration of the meiotic divisions. It was found that orthovanadate (25mg/kg bw) treatment did not cause meiotic delay. To determine the frequencies of hyperhaploid and diploid sperm, male mice were treated by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with 5, 15 or 25mg/kg bw orthovanadate and sperm were sampled from the Caudae epididymes 22 days later. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed with DNA-probes for chromosomes 8, X or Y. Significant increases in the frequencies of total hyperhaploid sperm (p<0.01) were found with 15 and 25mg/kg bw orthovanadate, indicating induced non-disjunction during male meiosis. The dose-response was described best by a linear equation. Orthovanadate did not significantly increase the frequencies of diploid sperm at any of the three doses tested, indicating that no complete meiotic arrest occurred. Orthovanadate was investigated also by the micronucleus test at i.p. doses of 1, 5, 15 or 25mg/kg bw, followed by bone marrow sampling 24h after treatment. None of the orthovanadate doses caused a significant increase in the rates of micronuclei (MN). Since the results show that orthovanadate induced non-disjunction during male meiosis without an accompanying induction of MN in bone marrow erythrocytes under the present experimental conditions and doses, it is concluded that male germ cells (meiosis) are more sensitive to the aneugenic effects of orthovanadate than somatic cells (mitosis). However, induction of micronuclei was reported in the literature with orthovanadate, vanadylsulfate and ammonium metavanadate, which contradicts the notion that vanadium compounds might be unique germ cell aneugens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic products, nutrition and allergies [NDA] related to the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of Vanadium. EFSA J 2004. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2004.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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10
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Rojas E, Valverde M, Herrera LA, Altamirano-Lozano M, Ostrosky-Wegman P. Genotoxicity of vanadium pentoxide evaluate by the single cell gel electrophoresis assay in human lymphocytes. Mutat Res 1996; 359:77-84. [PMID: 8598834 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-1161(96)90254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium compounds are extensively used in modern industry and occupational exposure to high doses of Vanadium is quite common. In this study, the genotoxicity of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) was evaluated directly in whole blood leukocytes and in human lymphocyte cultures using the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet Assay) to detect DNA damage expressed as DNA strand breaks and alkali labile sites. This chemical produces a clear dose-response in DNA migration in whole blood leukocytes and a significative positive effect only with the highest tested concentration in human lymphocyte cultures. After different recovery times the level of DNA damage returned to the control values. These results indicate that V2O5 is capable to induce DNA single-strand breaks and/or alkali-labile damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rojas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, U.N.A.M., Mexico
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11
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Abstract
Three vanadium salts, vanadyl sulfate (SVO5), sodium orthovanadate (Na3VO4) and ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3), were tested for induction of genotoxic effects in bone marrow of mice following intragastric treatment. Micronucleus (MN) induction in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), structural (sCA) and numerical (nCA) chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells were evaluated. The micronucleus test, performed at different harvesting times (0-72 h), was found to be positive for all compounds tested. In contrast, except for vanadyl sulfate, no difference was found between controls and treated animals in the sCA test performed 24 and 36 h after treatment. At the same sampling intervals, second metaphases (M II) were positively scored for nCA induction for all three vanadium salts. In addition, the frequency of hypoploid and hyperploid cells was shown to be statistically different from the control value. Polyploid cells were also induced by all compounds, but their frequency was not statistically significant. The positive results obtained by nCA analysis support the finding of a significant presence of types of micronuclei that are probably aneuploidy-related. This finding was further supported by the successful classification of such micronuclei on the basis of shape and size according to Tinwell and Ashby (1991) during microscope analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ciranni
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio, Università di Pisa, Italy
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Zhong BZ, Gu ZW, Wallace WE, Whong WZ, Ong T. Genotoxicity of vanadium pentoxide in Chinese hamster V79 cells. Mutat Res 1994; 321:35-42. [PMID: 7510843 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1218(94)90118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Workers in many mining and manufacturing industries are potentially exposed to vanadium. Inhalation of dust containing vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), a pentavalent compound of vanadium, has been reported to cause lung diseases. Information related to the genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity of V2O5, however, is still limited. In this study, the effect of V2O5 on mitosis, sister-chromatid exchange (SCE), micronucleus formation (MN), and gene mutation in Chinese hamster V79 cells was determined. Cells were treated with varying concentrations of V2O5 for 24 h. The results showed that no significant increases in the frequencies of SCE or gene mutation occurred in V2O5-treated cultures. However, dose-related increases were noted for micronucleated cells in cultures exposed to this compound, and the number of binucleated cells in the presence of cytochalasin B was found to decrease with increasing V2O5 concentrations. Since the micronucleated cells induced by V2O5 contained kinetochore-positive micronuclei, their induction appears to be due to damage to the spindle apparatus. These results indicate that V2O5 is cytotoxic and aneuploidogenic to V79 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Z Zhong
- Microbiology Section, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888
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13
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Abstract
The mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of vanadium and its compounds are reviewed. It is concluded that vanadium is not clastogenic and only weakly mutagenic; it has marked mitogenic activity affecting the distribution of chromosomes during mitosis and possibly causing aneuploidy. The few positive data on effects of vanadium during development leave it open whether direct effects on the embryo of fetus or physiological disturbances in the mother are responsible. No data exist indicating that vanadium is carcinogenic in animals or man, but since it interferes with mitosis and chromosome distribution, the possibility that vanadium might be carcinogenic under certain conditions cannot be dismissed offhand.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Léonard
- Teratogenicity and Mutagenicity Unit, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Del Carratore R, Morichetti E, Galli A, Galeotti C, Bronzetti G. Inhibition of yeast cytochrome P-450 by ammonium metavanadate. Mutat Res 1993; 301:165-70. [PMID: 7679198 DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(93)90073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Incubation of diploid D7 strain cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (grown in 20% glucose) in the presence of ammonium metavanadate (AMV) led to a decrease in the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase system (cytochrome P-450 level and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase). The electrophoretic analysis of microsomal fractions of yeast cells treated with metavanadate revealed a decrease in the intensity of the bands corresponding to a M(r) in the range of 51,000-58,000 Da compared with those observed in controls, i.e., cells grown in 20% glucose. Analysis of the cytochrome P-450 transcript showed that AMV treatment reduced the mRNA level. Our results suggest that AMV inhibits the yeast cytochrome P-450 system by acting at both the pre- and post-transcriptional levels.
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