1
|
Yamada S, Konno T. Development of Donor-π-Acceptor-Type Fluorinated Tolanes as Compact Condensed Phase Luminophores and Applications in Photoluminescent Liquid-Crystalline Molecules. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300094. [PMID: 37098883 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated tolanes, produced by introducing fluorine atoms into one of the aromatic rings of tolane, emitted almost no fluorescence in a solution state, but the fluorescence intensity increased dramatically in the crystalline state because of intermolecular H⋅⋅⋅F hydrogen bonds. The photoluminescent (PL) colors depend on the molecular orbitals, dipole moments, and molecular aggregated structures can be varied by controlling terminal substituents along the major molecular axis. The introduction of a long alkoxy or semifluoroalkoxy unit as a flexible chain into the terminal positions along the major molecular axis induced the formation of a liquid-crystalline (LC) phase; fluorinated tolanes act both as luminophores and as mesogens, leading to the molecular design of new photoluminescent LC molecules (PLLCs). The results also indicated that a fluorinated tolane dimer, which consists of two fluorinated tolanes linked by a flexible alkylene spacer, also becomes a novel PLLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Yamada
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Konno
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alshammari AF, Pociecha D, Walker R, Storey JMD, Gorecka E, Imrie CT. New patterns of twist-bend liquid crystal phase behaviour: the synthesis and characterisation of the 1-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl)-10-(4-alkylaniline-benzylidene-4'-oxy)decanes (CB10O· m). SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:4679-4688. [PMID: 35678154 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00162d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of the 1-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl)-10-(4-alkylanilinebenzylidene-4'-oxy)decanes (CB10O·m) are reported. This series shows a rich liquid crystal polymorphism including twist-bend nematic and smectic phases. All the homologues reported exhibit an enantiotropic conventional nematic phase. For the homologues with m ≤ 10, the local packing in the nematic phases and the layer spacing in the smectic phases indicates an intercalated arrangement of the molecules. An intercalated smectic CA phase is observed if m/11 ≈ 0.5. Either side of this condition, the twist-bend nematic phase is observed, a novel pattern of behaviour for a series on increasing a terminal chain length. For longer chain lengths, m = 12, 14, 16 and 18, two twist-bend smectic C (SmCTB) phases are observed, and the packing of the molecules is now of a bilayer-type. The higher temperature variant is termed SmCTB-SH in which SH (single helix) refers to the presence of a short, distorted clock-type helix. In the lower temperature SmCTB-DH phase, an additional longer helix is superimposed on the short one, and DH denotes double helix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam F Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, UK.
| | - Damian Pociecha
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 ˙ Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rebecca Walker
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, UK.
| | - John M D Storey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, UK.
| | - Ewa Gorecka
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 ˙ Warsaw, Poland
| | - Corrie T Imrie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Photo-driven effects in twist-bend nematic phases: Dynamic and memory response of liquid crystalline dimers. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
4
|
Pociecha D, Vaupotič N, Majewska M, Cruickshank E, Walker R, Storey JMD, Imrie CT, Wang C, Gorecka E. Photonic Bandgap in Achiral Liquid Crystals-A Twist on a Twist. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103288. [PMID: 34396593 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Achiral mesogenic molecules are shown to be able to spontaneously assemble into liquid crystalline smectic phases having either simple or double-helical structures. At the transition between these phases, the double-helical structure unwinds. As a consequence, in some temperature range, the pitch of the helix becomes comparable to the wavelength of visible light and the selective reflection of light in the visible range is observed. The photonic bandgap phenomenon is reported for achiral liquid crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Pociecha
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland
| | - Nataša Vaupotič
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška 160, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Magdalena Majewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland
| | - Ewan Cruickshank
- Department of Chemistry, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Rebecca Walker
- Department of Chemistry, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - John M D Storey
- Department of Chemistry, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Corrie T Imrie
- Department of Chemistry, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Cheng Wang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ewa Gorecka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arakawa Y, Komatsu K, Shiba T, Tsuji H. Phase behaviors of classic liquid crystal dimers and trimers: Alternate induction of smectic and twist-bend nematic phases depending on spacer parity for liquid crystal trimers. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
6
|
Walker R, Majewska M, Pociecha D, Makal A, Storey JM, Gorecka E, Imrie CT. Twist-Bend Nematic Glasses: The Synthesis and Characterisation of Pyrene-based Nonsymmetric Dimers. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:461-470. [PMID: 33369044 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A selection of pyrene-based liquid crystal dimers have been prepared, containing either methylene-ether or diether linked spacers of varying length and parity. All the diether linked materials, CBOnO.Py (n=5, 6, 11, 12), exhibit conventional nematic and smectic A phases, with the exception of CBO11O.Py which is exclusively nematic. The methylene-ether linked dimer, CBnO.Py, with an even-membered spacer (n=5) was solely nematogenic, but odd-members (n=6, 8, 10) exhibited both nematic and twist-bend nematic phases. Replacement of the cyanobiphenyl fragment by cyanoterphenyl giving CT6O.Py, gave elevated melting and nematic-isotropic transition temperatures, and SmA and SmCA phases were observed on cooling the nematic phase. Intermolecular face-to-face associations of the pyrene moieties drive glass formation, and all these materials have a glass transition temperature at or above room temperature. The stability of the glassy twist-bend nematic phase allowed for its study using AFM, and the helical pitch length, PTB , was measured as 6.3 and 6.7 nm for CB6O.Py and CB8O.Py, respectively. These values are comparable to the shortest pitch of a twist-bend nematic phase measured to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Walker
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Magdalena Majewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Pociecha
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Makal
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John Md Storey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Ewa Gorecka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Corrie T Imrie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Forsyth E, Paterson DA, Cruickshank E, Strachan GJ, Gorecka E, Walker R, Storey JM, Imrie CT. Liquid crystal dimers and the twist-bend nematic phase: On the role of spacers and terminal alkyl chains. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
8
|
Reddy MG, Lobo NP, Ramanathan KV, Narasimhaswamy T. Molecular Order of Topologically Variant Flexible Mesogens by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12620-12631. [PMID: 32993293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
13C nuclear magnetic resonance investigations in the nematic phase of mesogens comprising a rod-like core with three phenyl rings connected to a fourth phenyl ring via a flexible spacer are reported. The molecules are abbreviated as monomer, dimer, and trimer as they comprised one, two, and three pairs of core and spacer combinations linked to ring IV, respectively. Hot-stage optical polarizing microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry studies confirmed that all of them exhibit an enantiotropic nematic phase with additional monotropic or enantiotropic smectic mesophases. Large values of 13C-1H dipolar couplings of the order of 11 kHz are observed for all the cases for the terminal carbon C1 of the core unit. These high values indicated that the corresponding CH vector is collinear with the long axis of the molecule, which itself is aligned parallel to the magnetic field. In contrast, the terminal carbon of the ring IV (C19/C17) exhibits a relatively smaller value in the range of 2.0-2.5 kHz, reflecting the divergent local dynamics at different sections of the mesogens. The orientational order parameters of the phenyl rings computed from the 13C-1H dipolar couplings have been used to obtain the conformation of the mesogens in the nematic phase. It is concluded that the dimer and trimer exhibit C2 and C3 symmetry with the ring IV connected by spacers tilted away from the symmetry axis by 35.9 and 90° for the two cases, respectively. This leads to the interesting tripod-like molecular shape for the trimer in the nematic phase rather than the planar representation of the λ shape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandadhi Guruprasad Reddy
- Polymer Science and Technology, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | - Nitin P Lobo
- Centre for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation & Reporting Services (CATERS) CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | | | - Tanneru Narasimhaswamy
- Polymer Science and Technology, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Shimizu T, Ding W, Kameta N. Soft-Matter Nanotubes: A Platform for Diverse Functions and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2347-2407. [PMID: 32013405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled organic nanotubes made of single or multiple molecular components can be classified into soft-matter nanotubes (SMNTs) by contrast with hard-matter nanotubes, such as carbon and other inorganic nanotubes. To date, diverse self-assembly processes and elaborate template procedures using rationally designed organic molecules have produced suitable tubular architectures with definite dimensions, structural complexity, and hierarchy for expected functions and applications. Herein, we comprehensively discuss every functions and possible applications of a wide range of SMNTs as bulk materials or single components. This Review highlights valuable contributions mainly in the past decade. Fifteen different families of SMNTs are discussed from the viewpoints of chemical, physical, biological, and medical applications, as well as action fields (e.g., interior, wall, exterior, whole structure, and ensemble of nanotubes). Chemical applications of the SMNTs are associated with encapsulating materials and sensors. SMNTs also behave, while sometimes undergoing morphological transformation, as a catalyst, template, liquid crystal, hydro-/organogel, superhydrophobic surface, and micron size engine. Physical functions pertain to ferro-/piezoelectricity and energy migration/storage, leading to the applications to electrodes or supercapacitors, and mechanical reinforcement. Biological functions involve artificial chaperone, transmembrane transport, nanochannels, and channel reactors. Finally, medical functions range over drug delivery, nonviral gene transfer vector, and virus trap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimi Shimizu
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, Department of Materials and Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Wuxiao Ding
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, Department of Materials and Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Naohiro Kameta
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, Department of Materials and Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi J, Sidky H, Whitmer JK. Novel elastic response in twist-bend nematic models. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:8219-8226. [PMID: 31495852 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01395d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Bent-shaped liquid crystals have attracted significant attention recently due to their novel mesostructure and the intriguing behavior of their elastic constants, which are strongly anisotropic and have an unusual temperature dependence. Though theories explain the onset of the twist-bend nematic phase (NTB) through spontaneous symmetry breaking concomitant with transition to a negative bend (K3) elastic constant, this has not been observed as yet in experiments. There, the small bend elastic constant has a strongly non-monotonic temperature dependence, which first increases after crossing the isotropic (I)-nematic (N) transition, then dips near the nematic (N)-twist-bend (NTB) transition before it increases again as the transition is crossed. The molecular mechanisms responsible for this exotic behavior are unclear. Here, we utilize density of states algorithms in Monte Carlo simulation applied to a variant of the Lebwohl-Lasher model which includes bent-shaped-like interactions to analyze the mechanism behind elastic response in this novel mesostructure and understand the temperature dependence of its Frank-Oseen elastic constants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Walker R, Pociecha D, Storey JMD, Gorecka E, Imrie CT. The Chiral Twist-Bend Nematic Phase (N* TB ). Chemistry 2019; 25:13329-13335. [PMID: 31322779 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The twist-bend nematic, NTB , phase has been observed for chiral materials in which chirality is introduced through a branched 2-methylbutyl terminal tail. The chiral twist-bend nematic phase, N*TB , is completely miscible with the NTB phase of the standard achiral material, CB6OCB. The N*TB phase exhibits optical textures with lower birefringence than those observed for the achiral NTB phase, suggesting an additional mechanism of averaging molecular orientations. The N*-N*TB transition temperatures for the chiral materials are higher than the NTB -N transition temperatures seen for the corresponding racemic materials. This suggests the double degeneracy of helical twist sense in the N T B * phase is removed by the intrinsic molecular chirality. A square lattice pattern is observed in the N* phase over a temperature range of several degrees above the N*TB -N phase transition, which may be attributed to a non-monotonic dependence of the bend elastic constant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Walker
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Damian Pociecha
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John M D Storey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Ewa Gorecka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Corrie T Imrie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Herod JD, Bates MA, Whitwood AC, Bruce DW. Ionic N-phenylpyridinium tetracatenar mesogens: competing driving forces in mesophase formation and unprecedented difference in phase stabilisation within a homologous series. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:4432-4436. [PMID: 31119242 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00846b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ionic, tetracatenar liquid crystals containing an N-phenylpyridinum core are described; many of these compounds display a SmA phase, something extremely rare in tetracatenar materials. The competing forces driving mesophase formation lead to an unprecedented difference in phase stabilities for SmA and Colh phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D Herod
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alaasar M, Prehm M, Belau S, Sebastián N, Kurachkina M, Eremin A, Chen C, Liu F, Tschierske C. Polar Order, Mirror Symmetry Breaking, and Photoswitching of Chirality and Polarity in Functional Bent‐Core Mesogens. Chemistry 2019; 25:6362-6377. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alaasar
- Institute of ChemistryMartin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Kurt Mothes Str. 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceCairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Marko Prehm
- Institute of ChemistryMartin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Kurt Mothes Str. 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Sebastian Belau
- Department of Nonlinear Phenomena, Institute of PhysicsOtto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Nerea Sebastián
- Department of Nonlinear Phenomena, Institute of PhysicsOtto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Marharyta Kurachkina
- Department of Nonlinear Phenomena, Institute of PhysicsOtto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Alexey Eremin
- Department of Nonlinear Phenomena, Institute of PhysicsOtto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Changlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of ChemistryMartin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Kurt Mothes Str. 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arakawa Y, Komatsu K, Tsuji H. Twist-bend nematic liquid crystals based on thioether linkage. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06456c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
“Thioether”-based twist-bend nematogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Kenta Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mandle RJ, Goodby JW. A novel nematic-like mesophase induced in dimers, trimers and tetramers doped with a high helical twisting power additive. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8846-8852. [PMID: 30357232 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01389f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
From the observation of a previously undiscovered nematic-like mesophase (NX) by Archbold et al., we report on several new binary liquid-crystalline mixtures between the high helical twisting power dopant RM1041 and a selection of dimers with varying average bend angles and conformational landscapes. We also report on mixtures between RM1041 and oligomeric LC materials. We find that dimers and oligomers exhibit not only chiral nematic and twist-bend modulated phases, but also the same NX phase reported by Archbold, indicating that this state of matter (the structure of which is yet to be definitively characterised) is exhibited by a wide range of materials. Mixtures of the dimer CB9CB with a selection of different chiral dopants suggest that it is the helical twisting power of the chiral additive that is responsible incidence of the NX phase.
Collapse
|