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Kim Tiam S, Laviale M, Feurtet-Mazel A, Jan G, Gonzalez P, Mazzella N, Morin S. Herbicide toxicity on river biofilms assessed by pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:160-171. [PMID: 26046334 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of Rapid light curves (RLCs) as a toxicity endpoint for river biofilms was examined in this study and compared to "classical fluorescence parameters" i.e. minimal fluorescence (F0), optimal and effective quantum yields of photosystem II (Fv/Fm and ФPSII). Measurements were performed after exposure to five concentrations of diuron (from 0.3 to 33.4μgL(-1)), its main degradation product (DCPMU) (from 1.0 to 1014μgL(-1)) and norflurazon (from 0.6 to 585μgL(-1)) with the lowest exposure concentrations corresponding to levels regularly encountered in chronically contaminated sites. Biofilm responses were evaluated after 1, 5, 7 and 14 days of exposure to the different toxicants. Overall, the responses of both "classical fluorescence parameters" and RLC endpoints were highly time dependent and related to the mode of action of the different compounds. Interestingly, parameters calculated from RLCs (α, ETRmax and Ik) were useful early markers of pesticide exposure since they revealed significant effects of all the tested toxicants from the first day of exposure. In comparison, classical fluorescence endpoints (F0 and Fv/Fm) measured at day 1 were only affected in the DCPMU treatment. Our results demonstrated the interest of RLCs as early markers of toxicant exposure particularly when working with toxicants with less specific mode of action than PSII inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kim Tiam
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France; Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France.
| | - Martin Laviale
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire Océanologique, F-06230, Villefranche-Sur-Mer, France; CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire Océanologique, F-06230, Villefranche-Sur-Mer France
| | | | - Gwilherm Jan
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Nicolas Mazzella
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Soizic Morin
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France
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Cheng C, Huang L, Ma R, Zhou Z, Diao J. Enantioselective toxicity of lactofen and its metabolites in Scenedesmus obliquus. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Guo Y, Tan J. Fourier transform of delayed fluorescence as an indicator of herbicide concentration. J Theor Biol 2014; 363:271-6. [PMID: 25152216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that delayed fluorescence (DF) from Photosystem II (PSII) of plant leaves can be potentially used to sense herbicide pollution and evaluate the effect of herbicides on plant leaves. The research of using DF as a measure of herbicides in the literature was mainly conducted in time domain and qualitative correlation was often obtained. Fourier transform is often used to analyze signals. Viewing DF signal in frequency domain through Fourier transform may allow separation of signal components and provide a quantitative method for sensing herbicides. However, there is a lack of an attempt to use Fourier transform of DF as an indicator of herbicide. In this work, the relationship between the Fourier transform of DF and herbicide concentration was theoretically modelled and analyzed, which immediately yielded a quantitative method to measure herbicide concentration in frequency domain. Experiments were performed to validate the developed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Guo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Jinglu Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Corcoll N, Ricart M, Franz S, Sans-Piché F, Schmitt-Jansen M, Guasch H. The Use of Photosynthetic Fluorescence Parameters from Autotrophic Biofilms for Monitoring the Effect of Chemicals in River Ecosystems. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-25722-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Mestankova H, Escher B, Schirmer K, von Gunten U, Canonica S. Evolution of algal toxicity during (photo)oxidative degradation of diuron. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 101:466-473. [PMID: 21122928 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the aquatic environment and in engineered water treatment systems, organic contaminants can undergo oxidative and photochemical transformations. For an overall risk assessment, the toxicity of the resulting transformation products has to be investigated. In this study, the toxicity of degradation products of diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) formed during its degradation by four (photo)oxidative processes (direct phototransformation, triplet-induced photosensitized oxidation, oxidation by hydroxyl radicals and ozone) was investigated in buffered aqueous solution. The toxicity was evaluated using the combined algae test with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata that determines both, specific inhibition of photosynthesis and inhibition of the growth rate. The comparison between evolution of toxicity and degradation kinetics indicated that the toxicity during all studied processes was caused predominantly by diuron whereas the formation of degradation products did not contribute to the mixture toxicity. This implies that, if any more toxic transformation products than diuron were formed, their concentration was not sufficiently high to affect the mixture toxicity, which was dominated by the parent compound diuron. On this account, no further studies on identification of degradation products and their toxicity are needed. This study presents an example of a systematic and simple first tier method to assess the toxicity of degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Mestankova
- EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Rodriguez M, Greenbaum E. Detection limits for real-time source water monitoring using indigenous freshwater microalgae. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2009; 81:2363-2371. [PMID: 19957768 DOI: 10.2175/106143009x426095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This research identified toxin detection limits using the variable fluorescence of naturally occurring microalgae in source drinking water for five chemical toxins with different molecular structures and modes of toxicity. The five chemicals investigated were atrazine, Diuron, paraquat, methyl parathion, and potassium cyanide. Absolute threshold sensitivities of the algae for detection of the toxins in unmodified source drinking water were measured. Differential kinetics between the rate of action of the toxins and natural changes in algal physiology, such as diurnal photoinhibition, are significant enough that effects of the toxin can be detected and distinguished from the natural variance. This is true even for physiologically impaired algae where diminished photosynthetic capacity may arise from uncontrollable external factors such as nutrient starvation. Photoinhibition induced by high levels of solar radiation is a predictable and reversible phenomenon that can be dealt with using a period of dark adaption of 30 minutes or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Rodriguez
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Ali NA, Dewez D, Robidoux PY, Popovic R. Photosynthetic parameters as indicators of trinitrotoluene (TNT) inhibitory effect: change in chlorophyll a fluorescence induction upon exposure of lactuca sativa to TNT. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2006; 15:437-41. [PMID: 16721675 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-006-0065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Trinitrotoluene, as a compound of conventional explosive, may cause inhibitory effect on terrestrial plants. When Lactuca sativa was exposed to different concentrations of trinitrotoluene (32-1000 mg/kg), photosynthetic process was investigated by using rapid chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic and pulse modulated fluorometry. The decrease of chlorophyll a variable fluorescence was seen to be caused by the deactivation of photosystem II reaction centers. We found for rapid variable fluorescence to be a useful indicator to evaluate the inhibitory effect of trinitrotoluene on photosystem II primary photochemistry and electron transport. The fluorescence parameters, related to the reduction state of photosystem II and to non-photochemical dissipation of light energy, showed a strong relation between the inhibitory effect of photosystem II activity and concentration of trinitrotoluene. The change of photosynthetic fluorescence parameters induced by trinitrotoluene was a reliable indication of the plant physiological state. We proposed for the reduction state of photosystem II and the non-photochemical energy dissipation to be a useful tool in bioassay toxicity testing of trinitrotoluene polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ait Ali
- Département de chimie, Université du Québec a Montréal, 2101 rue Jeanne-Mance, H2X 2J6 Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Bengtson Nash SM, Schreiber U, Ralph PJ, Müller JF. The combined SPE:ToxY-PAM phytotoxicity assay; application and appraisal of a novel biomonitoring tool for the aquatic environment. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 20:1443-51. [PMID: 15590302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2004] [Revised: 09/22/2004] [Accepted: 09/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mounting concerns regarding the environmental impact of herbicides has meant a growing requirement for accurate, timely information regarding herbicide residue contamination of, in particular, aquatic systems. Conventional methods of detection remain limited in terms of practicality due to high costs of operation and the specialised information that analysis provides. A new phytotoxicity bioassay was trialled for the detection of herbicide residues in filter-purified (Milli-Q) as well as natural waters. The performance of the system, which combines solid-phase extraction (SPE) with the ToxY-PAM dual-channel yield analyser (Heinz Walz GmbH), was tested alongside the traditional method of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The assay methodology was found to be highly sensitive (LOD 0.1 ng L(-1) diuron) with good reproducibility. The study showed that the assay protocol is time effective and can be employed for the aquatic screening of herbicide residues in purified as well as natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Bengtson Nash
- The National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4108, Australia
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