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Choi JB, Sim DY, Lee HJ, Park JE, Ahn CH, Park SY, Ko HJ, Khil JH, Shim BS, Kim B, Kim SH. The microRNA-193a-5p induced ROS production and disturbed colocalization between STAT3 and androgen receptor play critical roles in cornin induced apoptosis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1059-1070. [PMID: 38158648 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Though cornin is known to induce angiogenic, cardioprotective, and apoptotic effects, the apoptotic mechanism of this iridoid monoglucoside is not fully understood in prostate cancer cells to date. To elucidate the antitumor mechanism of cornin, cytotoxicity assay, cell cycle analysis, Western blotting, RT-qPCR, RNA interference, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and inhibitor assay were applied in this work. Cornin exerted cytotoxicity, increased sub-G1 population, and cleaved PARP and caspase3 in LNCaP cells more than in DU145 cells. Consistently, cornin suppressed phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and disrupted the colocalization of STAT3 and androgen receptor (AR) in LNCaP and DU145 cells, along with suppression of AR, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and 5α-reductase in LNCaP cells. Furthermore, cornin increased ROS production and the level of miR-193a-5p, while ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine disturbed the ability of cornin to attenuate the expression of AR, p-STAT3, PSA, pro-PARP, and pro-caspase3 in LNCaP cells. Notably, miR-193a-5p mimics the enhanced apoptotic effect of cornin, while miR-193a-5p inhibitor reverses the ability of cornin to abrogate AR, PSA, and STAT3 in LNCaP cells. Our findings suggest that ROS production and the disturbed crosstalk between STAT3 and AR by microRNA-193a-5p are critically involved in the apoptotic effect of cornin in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhin-Baek Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hoon Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Joo Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Khil
- Institute of Sports Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wang L, Han H, Feng Y, Ma J, Han Z, Li R, Zhu W, Li S, Tian J, Zhang L. Capilliposide B inhibits the migration of prostate cancer by inducing autophagy through the ROS/AMPK/mTOR pathway. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36867511 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Capilliposide B (CPS-B), a novel oleanane triterpenoid saponin derived from Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl, is a potent anticancer agent. However, its anticancer mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated the potent anti-tumor activity and molecular mechanism of CPS-B both in vitro and in vivo. Proteomic analysis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation techniques suggested that CPS-B modulated autophagy in prostate cancer (PC). Moreover, Western blotting showed that both autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition occurred place after CPS-B treatment in vivo, which was also proven in PC-3 cancer cells. We deduced that CPS-B inhibited migration by inducing autophagy. We examined the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, and in downstream pathways, LKB1 and AMPK were activated while mTOR was inhibited. Transwell experiment results showed that CPS-B inhibited the metastasis of PC-3 cells and that this effect was significantly attenuated after pretreatment with chloroquine, indicating that CPS-B inhibited metastasis via autophagy induction. Altogether, these data suggest that CPS-B is a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment that acts by inhibiting migration through the ROS/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haote Han
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Feng
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Han
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouxin Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkui Tian
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Yang M, Hao Z, Wang X, Zhou S, Xiao C, Zhu D, Yang Y, Wei J, Zheng X, Feng W. Four undescribed iridoid glycosides with antidiabetic activity from fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. Et Zucc. Fitoterapia 2023; 165:105393. [PMID: 36528150 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Four novel iridoid glycosides neocornuside E-H (1-4), together with nine known ones (5-13), were isolated from fruits of Cornus officinalis. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and comparing of the literature data. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antidiabetic activity in insulin resistant HepG2 cells. Compounds 2, 4, 5, 8, and 12 exhibited antidiabetic activities with EC50 values of 40.12, 2.54, 70.43, 15.31, and 4.86 μM, respectively. Flow Sight cytometry analysis indicated that compounds 2, 4, 5, 8, and 12 improved the ability of 2-NBDG uptake of insulin-induced HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhiyou Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Chaoyuan Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Denghui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Junjun Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Weisheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Guan B, Li H, Yao J, Guo J, Yu F, Li G, Wan B, Ma J, Huang D, Sun L, Chen Y. CCL3-CCR5 axis promotes cell migration and invasion of colon adenocarcinoma via Akt signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:172-184. [PMID: 36346222 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can promote tumorigenesis and development. C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) was reported to be derived from TAMs and tumor cells and facilitate the progression of several cancers. Nevertheless, whether CCL3 can be derived from TAMs and tumor cells of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is unclarified. METHODS Peripheral blood monocytes-derived macrophages were polarized by the conditioned medium from COAD cells to establish TAM-like macrophages (TAM1/2). RT-qPCR and western blotting were used for detection of expression levels of CCL3 and its receptors C-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) and CCR5 in TAM1/2 and COAD cells. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized for evaluating CCL3, CD163 and CCR5 expression. The Akt signaling pathway-associated protein levels were measured by western blotting. Transwell assays were used for assessing cell migration and invasiveness. RESULTS CCL3 displayed a high level in TAMs and cancer cells of COAD. CCL3 activated the Akt signaling pathway by binding to CCR5. CCL3-CCR5 axis facilitated COAD cell migration and invasiveness by activating the Akt signaling. CCL3 derived from both TAMs and cancer cells contributed to the malignant behaviors of COAD cells. High expression of CCL3/CCR5 was closely associated with poor prognoses of COAD patients. CONCLUSION CCL3-CCR5 interaction promotes cell migration and invasiveness, and functions as a prognostic biomarker for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bugao Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Jian Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Jinbao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Guangrun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Benhai Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Desong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
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MicroRNAs and osteosarcoma: Potential targets for inhibiting metastasis and increasing chemosensitivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115094. [PMID: 35588853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the third most common cancer in young adults after lymphoma and brain cancer. Metastasis, like other cellular events, is dependent on signaling pathways; a series of changes in some proteins and signaling pathways pave the way for OS cells to invade and migrate. Ezrin, TGF-β, Notch, RUNX2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Wnt/β-catenin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT are among the most important of these proteins and signaling pathways. Despite the improvements in treating OS, the overall survival of patients suffering from the metastatic disease has not experienced any significant change after surgical treatments and chemotherapy and 5-years overall survival in patients with metastatic OS is about 20%. Studies have shown that overexpression or inhibition of some microRNAs (miRNAs) has significant effects in limiting the invasion and migration of OS cells. The results of these studies highlight the potential of the clinical application of some miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors (antagomiRs) to inhibit OS metastasis in the future. In addition, some studies have shown that miRNAs are associated with the most important drug resistance mechanisms in OS, and some miRNAs are highly effective targets to increase chemosensitivity. The results of these studies suggest that miRNA mimics and antagomiRs may be helpful to increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of metastatic OS. In this article, we discussed the role of various signaling pathways and the involved miRNAs in the metastasis of OS, attempting to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on OS metastasis and chemosensitivity.
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Jia Z, Yan H, Wang S, Wang L, Cao Y, Lin S, Zhang Z, Wang C, Wang X, Mao J. Shufeiya Recipe Improves Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats by Regulating SIRT3/FOXO3a and Its Downstream Signaling Pathways. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:3229888. [PMID: 35222742 PMCID: PMC8881168 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3229888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and progressive disease caused by obstructions and functional changes of small pulmonary arteries. Current treatment options of PH are costly with patients needing long-term taking medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound "Shufeiya Recipe" was used to intervene in monocrotaline- (MCT-) induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. The rats were randomly divided into the control group, model group, positive drug (Sildenafil) group, and Shufeiya Recipe low-, moderate-, and high-dose groups. The improvement effect of the Shufeiya Recipe on the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was assessed in PH rats, and pathological staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue. The impact of the Shufeiya Recipe on oxidative stress damage in rats with pulmonary hypertension and the regulation of SIRT3/FOXO3a and its downstream signaling pathways were determined. The results showed that Shufeiya Recipe could significantly downregulate mPAP and improve lung histopathological changes; downregulate serum levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS); upregulate the concentrations of COX-1 and COX-2 and the activity of Mn-SOD; inhibit oxidative response damage; promote the protein expression of SIRT3, FOXO3a, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-eNOS; increase the level of expression of NO, sGC, cGMP, and PKG; and downregulate the level of protein expression of Ras, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and c-fos. These results indicate that Shufeiya Recipe can improve MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats by regulating SIRT3/FOXO3a and its downstream PI3K/AKT/eNOS and Ras/ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haifeng Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yawen Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ci Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
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Hou W, Wei B, Liu HS. The Protective Effect of Panax notoginseng Mixture on Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice via Regulating NR3C2, SRC, and GAPDH. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:756259. [PMID: 34858181 PMCID: PMC8632037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.756259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng mixture (PNM) has the characteristics of multicomponent, multitarget, and multieffect, which can cope with the multidirectional and multidimensional complex pathological process caused by hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI). Our animal experiments showed that PNM composed of notoginseng, dogwood, and white peony root could significantly reduce the level of aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase in the blood of mice with HIRI, indicating that this preparation had a protective effect on HIRI in mice. Therefore, on this basis, the molecular mechanism of PNM intervention in HIRI was further explored by network pharmacology. First, target genes corresponding to active components and HIRI were obtained through databases such as TCMSP, Pharm Mapper, Swiss Target Prediction, GeneCards, and so on. All target genes were standardized by Uniprot database, and a total of 291 target genes with their intersection were obtained. Then, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and biological processes (BPs) of 291 target genes were obtained through the online public platform of DAVID. A total of 177 KEGG pathways and 337 BPs were obtained by setting p < 0.01 and false discovery rate <0.05. The network mapping map of components and disease targets was drawn by Cytoscape, and the top 10 Hub target genes related to HIRI were obtained. At the same time, the String database was used to obtain the protein-protein interaction dataset, which was imported into Cytoscape, and the first 10 Hub target genes were obtained. The Hub target genes obtained by the above two methods were molecular docking with their corresponding small molecule compounds through DockThor online tool. The results showed that the docking of paeoniflorin with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), paeoniflorin and loganin with SRC, ginsenoside Rb1 with NR3C2, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid with IL-6, paeoniflorin docking VEGFA, and MMP9. Finally, NR3C2, SRC, and GAPDH were identified as target genes in this study by referring to relevant literature reports. After verification by immunohistochemical experiments, compared with the sham group, the above three target genes were highly expressed in the HIRI group (p < 0.01). Compared with the HIRI group, the expression of three target genes in the PNM + HIRI group was significantly decreased (p < 0.01). The results showed that PNM could protect mouse HIRI by decreasing the expression of NR3C2, SRC, and GAPDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bao Wei
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Sheng Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Effective Material Basis and Mechanism Analysis of Compound Banmao Capsule against Tumors Using Integrative Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6653460. [PMID: 34055017 PMCID: PMC8112962 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6653460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Compound banmao capsule (CBC), a well-known traditional Chinese medical material, is known to inhibit various tumors. However, its material basis and pharmacological mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effective material basis and mechanisms of action of CBC against tumors. Methods Active compounds of CBC were identified using public database and reports to build a network. The corresponding targets of active compounds were retrieved from online databases, and the antitumor targets were identified by GeneCards database. The antitumor hub targets were generated via protein-protein interaction analysis using String, and key compounds and targets from the integrative network were detected by molecular docking and ADMET. Top targets in hepatocellular carcinoma were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Finally, the multivariate biological network was built to identify the integrating mechanisms of action of CBC against tumor cells. Results A total of 128 compounds and 436 targets of CBC were identified successfully. Based on the generated multivariate biological network analysis, 25 key compounds, nine hub targets, and two pathways were further explored. Effective material bases of cantharidin, baicalein, scutellarin, sesamin, and quercetin were verified by integrative network analysis. PTGS2, ESR1, and TP53 were identified as hub targets via multivariate biological network analysis and confirmed using qPCR. Furthermore, VEGF and estrogen signaling pathways seem to play a role in the antitumor activity of CBC. Thus, breast cancer may be a potential clinical indication of CBC. Conclusion This study successfully identified the material basis of CBC and its synergistic mechanisms of action against tumor cells.
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Thu NT, The Hung N, Thuy An NT, Vinh LB, Binh BT, Thu NTB, Khoi NM, Ha DT. Four new phenolic compounds from the fruit of Cornus officinalis (Cornaceae) and their anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:3806-3812. [PMID: 33593150 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1887865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Using various chromatographic methods, four new phenolics, coroffesters A-D (1 - 4) were isolated from the fruit of Cornus officinalis (Cornaceae). Their structures (1 - 4) were elucidated unambiguously by spectroscopic methods such as one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1 D- and 2 D-NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds was also evaluated. All compounds (1 - 4) showed moderate inhibitory activity against NO production in a dose-dependent manner in RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Thu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Standardization, National Institute of Medical Materials, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Le Ba Vinh
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Binh
- Falculty of pharmacy, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thái Bình, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Minh Khoi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Standardization, National Institute of Medical Materials, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Ha
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Standardization, National Institute of Medical Materials, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Liu JF, Chen PC, Chang TM, Hou CH. Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 promotes cancer cell migration via c-Raf/MAPK/AP-1 pathway and MMP-9 production in osteosarcoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:254. [PMID: 33228783 PMCID: PMC7684958 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is generally reported among younger individuals and has a very poor prognosis, particularly for the development of metastasis. However, more effective metastatic biomarkers and therapeutic methods are absent. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is involved in cancer progression and inflammatory recruitment. Although previous studies have reported higher serum MCP-1 levels in patients with osteosarcoma, the role of MCP-1 in osteosarcoma progression remains to be addressed. Methods The osteosarcoma cell migratory ability was assessed by transwell migration assay. The MCP-1 and MMP-9 expression levels were analyzed by Western blot and qPCR. The signal activation was conducted by Western blot. The in vivo mouse experiment and tumor tissue array were performed to confirm our findings in vitro. Results The present study demonstrates that MCP-1 regulates cell mobility through matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, MCP-1 promotes MMP-9 expression, cell migration, and cell invasion by mediating CCR2, c-Raf, MAPK, and AP-1 signal transduction. Using MCP-1 knockdown stable cell lines, we found that MCP-1 knockdown reduces MMP-9 expression and cell mobility. Finally, we found high MCP-1 expression levels in osteosarcoma specimens. Conclusions Our results provide prognostic value of MCP-1 in osteosarcoma by promoting MMP-9 expression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-020-01756-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Fang Liu
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.,Translational medicine center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, 11101, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Chang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, 100, NO. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei City, 11102, Taiwan, ROC.
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Huang T, Zhang X, Wang H. Punicalagin inhibited proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of osteosarcoma through suppression of NF‑κB signaling. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2386-2394. [PMID: 32705250 PMCID: PMC7411473 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor among children and young people and is associated with poor prognosis. Punicalagin is an antioxidant ellagitannin found in pomegranate juice with known antiproliferation and anti‑angiogenesis properties. However, the antitumor effect of punicalagin on osteosarcoma requires further investigation. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of punicalagin on proliferation and invasion was evaluated in one human osteoblast cell line (hFOB1.19) and three human osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS, MG63 and SaOS2). The cancer cell apoptosis ratio was determined using flow cytometry. NF‑κB signaling in these cells was also evaluated using western blotting analysis. A subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was initiated to study the efficacy of punicalagin on osteosarcoma development and angiogenesis in vivo. Punicalagin treatment significantly decreased osteosarcoma cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. In addition, the invasion potential of these cells in a transwell assay was also dramatically suppressed in osteosarcoma cells. Punicalagin not only induced the degradation of IκBα but also the nuclear translocation of p65, suggesting the attenuation of NF‑κB signaling pathway following treatment. Moreover, punicalagin markedly downregulated interleukin (IL)‑6 and IL‑8 levels, which was consistent with the inhibition of NF‑κB signaling. An NF‑κB activator could reverse these effects. Using a tumor xenograft mouse model, it was demonstrated that punicalagin exposure inhibited osteosarcoma growth and angiogenesis in vivo. These observations confirmed the suppressive effect of punicalagin against osteosarcoma malignancies. The underlying molecular mechanisms may include inhibition of the NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
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12
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Qu C, Zhu W, Dong K, Pan Z, Chen Y, Chen X, Liu X, Xu W, Lin H, Zheng Q, Li D. Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow B on the Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:187-197. [PMID: 31096897 DOI: 10.2174/1574891x14666190516102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent patent has been issued for hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) as a drug to prevent blood circulation disorders. Hydroxysafflor yellow B (HSYB), an isomer of HSYA with antioxidative effects, has been isolated from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius. The effects of HSYB on the proliferation of cancer cells and its mechanism of action have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate the anti-cancer effects and the molecular mechanism of HSYB for breast cancer MCF-7 cells. METHODS MTT assays and colony formation assays were used to assess the survival and proliferation of MCF-7 cells, respectively. Hoechst 33258 and flow cytometry were used to measure cell apoptosis and flow cytometry to determine effects on the cell cycle. Western blots were used to measure protein levels. RESULTS Treatment with HSYB reduced survival and proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HSYB arrested the MCF-7 cell cycle at the S phase and downregulated cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK2. Compared with a control group, HSYB suppressed the protein levels of p-PI3K, PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT in MCF-7 cells. In addition, HSYB decreased the levels of Bcl- 2, increased the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9, and subsequently induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that HSYB arrests the MCF-7 cell cycle at the S phase and induces cell apoptosis. Patent US20170246228 indicates that HSYB can be potentially used for the prevention and treatment of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjun Qu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 264000, Yantai, China
| | - Kaijie Dong
- Yantai Affiliated Hosptial of Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Zhaohai Pan
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China.,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Defang Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
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13
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Hou CH, Yang RS, Tsao YT. Connective tissue growth factor stimulates osteosarcoma cell migration and induces osteosarcoma metastasis by upregulating VCAM-1 expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:71-81. [PMID: 29909077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone malignancy that occurs in the young population. After osteosarcoma cells metastasize to the lung, prognosis is very poor owing to difficulties in early diagnosis and effective treatment. Recently, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was reported to be a critical contributor to osteosarcoma metastasis. However, the detailed mechanism associated with CTGF-directed migration in bone neoplasms is still mostly unknown. Through the in vivo and in vitro examination of osteosarcoma cells, this study suggests that VCAM-1 up-regulation and increased osteosarcoma cell migration are involved in this process. Antagonizing αvβ3 integrin inhibited cell migration. Moreover, FAK, PI3K, Akt and NF-κB activation were also shown to be involved in CTGF-mediated osteosarcoma metastasis. Taken together, CTGF promotes VCAM-1 production and further induces osteosarcoma metastasis via the αvβ3 integrin/FAK/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway, which could represent a promising clinical target to improve patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, NO 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Rong-Sen Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, NO 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Tsao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, NO 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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14
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Nizioł-Łukaszewska Z, Wasilewski T, Bujak T, Gaweł-Bęben K, Osika P, Czerwonka D. Cornus mas L. extract as a multifunctional material for manufacturing cosmetic emulsions. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:284-292. [PMID: 29703328 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Nizioł-Łukaszewska
- The University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Department of Cosmetology, Tyczyn 36020, Poland
| | - T Wasilewski
- The University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Department of Chemistry, Radom 26600, Poland
| | - T Bujak
- The University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Department of Cosmetology, Tyczyn 36020, Poland
| | - K Gaweł-Bęben
- The University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Department of Cosmetology, Tyczyn 36020, Poland
| | - P Osika
- The University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Department of Cosmetology, Tyczyn 36020, Poland.
| | - D Czerwonka
- The University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Department of Chemistry, Radom 26600, Poland
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15
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Huang J, Zhang Y, Dong L, Gao Q, Yin L, Quan H, Chen R, Fu X, Lin D. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 213:280-301. [PMID: 29155174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cornus officinalis (Cornaceae), known in Chinese as "Shanzhuyu," is a frequently used traditional Chinese medicine. It tastes sour and is astringent and slightly warm in nature. Its fruits have long been used to treat kidney deficiency, high blood pressure, waist and knee pain, dizziness, tinnitus, impotence, spermatorrhea, menorrhagia, and other diseases in China. The main distribution areas are Shanxi and Gansu. AIM OF THE STUDY This review focused on the ethnopharmacological uses of the herb. We also focus on the phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological studies on C. officinalis. The recent analytical methods developed for the quality control of the herb's constituents are also reviewed. Additionally, future trends and prospects in the study of this herb are proposed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on C. officinalis was gathered by searching the internet (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, CNKI, Scifinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Baidu Scholar) and libraries. RESULTS This review compiled the ethnopharmacological uses, including the classic prescriptions and historical applications. Approximately 300 chemical compounds have been isolated and identified from C. officinalis. The major active components of the plant are organic acids and iridoids, among which morroniside and loganin have been extensively investigated. The fruit of the plant has been used in treating many diseases in traditional medicine. Scientific studies indicated the herb's wide range of pharmacological activities, such as hepatic and renal protection, antidiabetes activity, cardioprotection, antioxidation, neuroprotection, antitumor activity, anti-inflammation, analgesic effects, antiaging activity, antiamnesia, antiosteoporosis, and immunoregulation. The analytical methods developed for the quantitative and qualitative determination of various compounds in the herb were further reviewed. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we reviewed various studies conducted on C. officinalis, especially in areas of its ethnopharmacological use, as well as on its phytochemistry, pharmacology, and modern analytical methods used. Some of the herb's ethnomedical indications have been confirmed by the herb's pharmacological effects, such as its hepatic and renal protection and the antidiabetic effects. In particular, the crude extract and its chemical composition have exerted good therapeutic effect in diabetic treatment. C. officinalis entails additional attention on its pharmacological effects and drug development to expand its effective use clinically. Many advanced technologies are used for quality testing, but the detection component is exceedingly scarce for synthetically evaluating the quality of C. officinalis herbs. Thus, further research is necessary to investigate the quality control and toxicology of the plant, to further elucidate its clinical use, and to control herbal quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qinghan Gao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lei Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hongfeng Quan
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Hui Medicine, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Dingbo Lin
- Oklahoma State University, United States.
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16
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Cheng HL, Hsieh MJ, Yang JS, Lin CW, Lue KH, Lu KH, Yang SF. Nobiletin inhibits human osteosarcoma cells metastasis by blocking ERK and JNK-mediated MMPs expression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35208-23. [PMID: 27144433 PMCID: PMC5085222 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavone, has a few pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effects. However, its effect on human osteosarcoma progression remains uninvestigated. Therefore, we examined the effectiveness of nobiletin against cellular metastasis of human osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanisms. Nobiletin, up to 100 μM without cytotoxicity, significantly decreased motility, migration and invasion as well as enzymatic activities, protein levels and mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in U2OS and HOS cells. In addition to inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), the inhibitory effect of nobiletin on the DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and specificity protein 1 (SP-1) in U2OS and HOS cells. Co-treatment with ERK and JNK inhibitors and nobiletin further reduced U2OS cells migration and invasion. These results indicated that nobiletin inhibits human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells motility, migration and invasion by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions via ERK and JNK pathways and through the inactivation of downstream NF-κB, CREB, and SP-1. Nobiletin has the potential to serve as an anti-metastatic agent for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Lin Cheng
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Haung Lue
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hsiu Lu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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17
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Ding Q, Xia Y, Ding S, Lu P, Sun L, Liu M. An alternatively spliced variant of CXCR3 mediates the metastasis of CD133+ liver cancer cells induced by CXCL9. Oncotarget 2018; 7:14405-14. [PMID: 26883105 PMCID: PMC4924724 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of liver cancer is closely linked to tumor microenvironment, in which chemokines and their receptors act in an important role. The CXCR3, the receptor of chemokine CXCL9, belongs to a superfamily of rhodopsin-like seven transmembrane GPCRs and CXCR subfamily. In HCC tissues, CXCR3 was frequently upregulated and correlated with tumor size, tumor differentiation, portal invasion and metastasis. In the study, CXCR3-A isoform that was bound by CXCL9 was found to cause significant change of ERK1/2 phosphorylation level in the MAPK signaling pathway, consequently upregulating the MMP2 and MMP9 expression and promoting invasion and metastasis of CD133+ liver cancer cells. Also, CXCR3-A suppressed the adhesion ability of CD133+ liver cancer cells that stimulated by CXCL9 for 24h. These findings suggest that CXCR3 and its ligand CXCL9 could promote the metastasis of liver cancer cells and might be a potential target for the intervention of liver cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yujia Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuping Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Panpan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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18
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Alaseem A, Alhazzani K, Dondapati P, Alobid S, Bishayee A, Rathinavelu A. Matrix Metalloproteinases: A challenging paradigm of cancer management. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 56:100-115. [PMID: 29155240 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are members of zinc-dependent endopeptidases implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Over the decades, MMPs have been studied for their role in cancer progression, migration, and metastasis. As a result, accumulated evidence of MMPs incriminating role has made them an attractive therapeutic target. Early generations of broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors exhibited potent inhibitory activities, which subsequently led to clinical trials. Unexpectedly, these trials failed to meet the desired goals, mainly due to the lack of efficacy, poor oral bioavailability, and toxicity. In this review, we discuss the regulatory role of MMPs in cancer progression, current strategies in targeting MMPs for cancer treatment including prodrug design and tumor imaging, and therapeutic value of MMPs as biomarkers in breast, lung, and prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alaseem
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA; College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhazzani
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA; College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priya Dondapati
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Saad Alobid
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA; College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Appu Rathinavelu
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA.
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19
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Shih YL, Au MK, Liu KL, Yeh MY, Lee CH, Lee MH, Lu HF, Yang JL, Wu RSC, Chung JG. Ouabain impairs cell migration, and invasion and alters gene expression of human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2400-2413. [PMID: 28795476 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ouabain, the specific Na+ /K+ -ATPase blocker, has biological activity including anti-proliferative and anti-metastasis effects in cancer cell. There is no study to show ouabain inhibiting cell migration and invasion in human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. Thus, we investigated the effect of ouabain on the cell migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. Results indicated that ouabain significantly decreased the percentage of viable cells at 2.5-5.0 μM, thus, we selected 0.25-1.0 μM for inhibiting studies. Ouabain inhibited cell migration, invasion and the enzymatic activities of MMP-2, and also affected the expression of metastasis-associated protein in U-2 OS cells. The cDNA microarray assay indicated that CDH1, TGFBR3, SHC3 and MAP2K6 metastasis-related genes were increased, but CCND1, JUN, CDKN1A, TGFB1, 2 and 3, SMAD4, MMP13, MMP2 and FN1 genes were decreased. These findings provide more information regarding ouabain inhibited cell migration and invasion and associated gene expressions in U-2 OS cells after exposed to ouabain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Luen Shih
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Man-Kuan Au
- Department of Orthopedics, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Lin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Yeh
- Office of Director, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiao Lee
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lee
- Department of Genetic Counseling Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Lu
- Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Long Yang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Wu SH, Hsiao YT, Kuo CL, Yu FS, Hsu SC, Wu PP, Chen JC, Hsia TC, Liu HC, Hsu WH, Chung JG. Bufalin Inhibits NCI-H460 Human Lung Cancer Cell Metastasis In Vitro by Inhibiting MAPKs, MMPs, and NF-κB Pathways. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 43:1247-64. [PMID: 26446205 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bufalin, a component of Chan Su (a traditional Chinese medicine), has been known to have antitumor effects for thousands of years. In this study, we investigated its anti-metastasis effects on NCI-H460 lung cancer cells. Under sub-lethal concentrations (from 25 up to 100 nM), bufalin significantly inhibits the invasion and migration nature of NCI-H460 cells that were measured by Matrigel Cell Migration Assay and Invasion System. Bufalin also suppressed the enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, which was examined by gelatin zymography methods. Western blotting revealed that bufalin depressed several key metastasis-related proteins, such as NF-κB, MMP-2, MMP-9, protein kinase C (PKC), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), phosphorylated Akt, growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphorylated p38, and phosphorylated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). As evidenced by immunostaining and the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), bufalin induced not only a decreased cytoplasmic NF-κB production, but also decreased its nuclear translocation. Several metastasis-related genes, including Rho-associated (Rho A), coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), were down-regulated after bufalin treatment. In conclusion, bufalin is effective in inhibiting the metastatic nature of NCI-H460 cells in low, sub-lethal concentrations. Such an effect involves many mechanisms including MMPs, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NF-κB systems. Bufalin has a potential to evolve into an anti-metastasis drug for human lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Hwar Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 505, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shun Yu
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ping Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Chyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Botany and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chung Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Huei Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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Casticin Inhibits A375.S2 Human Melanoma Cell Migration/Invasion through Downregulating NF-κB and Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -1. Molecules 2016; 21:384. [PMID: 27007357 PMCID: PMC6274196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Casticin is one of the main components from Fructus Viticis, which is widely used as an anti-inflammatory agent. The mechanism of how casticin affects melanoma cell migration and invasion is still not well known. Here we studied the anti-metastasis effects of casticin on A375.S2 melanoma cells by using a non-lethal concentration. First; we used an adhesion assay to test the A375.S2 cells’ adhesion ability after treatment with casticin. We next investigated the cell migration ability after casticin treatment by using a wound healing assay to prove that the migration of A375.S2 cells can be inhibited by casticin and double checked the results using the transwell-migration assay. The suppressive effects on matrix metalloproteinase-2; and -9 (MMP-2; and -9) activities were examined by gelatin zymography. Furthermore, western blotting was used to investigate the protein level changes in A375.S2 cells. We found that p-EGFR; Ras and p-ERK1/2 are decreased by casticin, indicating that casticin can down-regulate the migration and invasion ability of A375.S2 cells via the p-EGFR/Ras/p-ERK pathway. The NF-κB p65 and p-ERK levels in nuclear proteins are also decreased by treatment with casticin. An EMSA assay also discovered that the NF-κB p65 and DNA interaction is decreased. NF-κB p65 protein level was examined by immunofluorescence staining and also decreased. Our findings suggest that casticin has anti-metastatic potential by decreasing the invasiveness of A375.S2 cells. We also found that casticin suppressed A375.S2 cell proliferation and cell adhesion ability, but did not affect cell death, as examined using cytometry and a collagen adhesion assay. Based on these observations, casticin could be used as an inhibitor of migration and invasion of human melanoma cells in the future.
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Chen K, Li J, Chen K, Hou X, Mai H, Xue X. The Mechanism of <i>Cornus officinalis</i> Total Glycosides and Cornus Polysaccharide on Myocardial Protection in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Chin Med 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2016.72007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Li YS, Deng ZH, Zeng C, Lei GH. JNK pathway in osteosarcoma: pathogenesis and therapeutics. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:465-70. [PMID: 26669256 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1122045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase super family. JNK can phosphorylate a number of activator protein-1 components, activating several transcription factors, and thus, JNK signaling pathway is being involved in several carcinogenic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE In this study, we have reviewed the recent updates of the association of JNK pathway with osteosarcoma (OS), which is one of the most common and aggressive bone malignancies. METHODS In this review, we have explored the databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, etc., and collected the most relevant papers of JNK signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of OS. RESULTS Evidence showed that JNK is a master protein kinase that plays an important role in osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Interesting reports showed that chemical JNK inhibitors reduce OS cell proliferation and metastasis. Many of the components of this pathway have now been identified and the application of JNK inhibitors has been proven to work in vivo in human and in animal models; however, JNK pathway has not been translated into clinical use. CONCLUSION Therapeutic interventions of potent and selective inhibitors of JNK might provide promising therapeutic approaches for the treatment of OS, and could improve the survival rate and quality of life of OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Li
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Zhen-Han Deng
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Chao Zeng
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Guang-Hua Lei
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , China
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Recent highlights of experimental research for inhibiting tumor growth by using Chinese medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 21:727-32. [PMID: 26525545 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To give an overview of contemporary experimental research using Chinese medicine (CM) for the treatment of cancer. As an integral part of mainstream medicine in the People's Republic of China, CM emphasizes improvements in holistic physical condition instead of merely killing tumor cells, which is consistent with the current medical model that advocates patient-oriented treatment. Great progress has been made in experimental research, and the principle aspects include anti-tumor angiogenesis, inducing apoptosis and differentiation, reversing multidrug resistance, and improving immune function. As a current hot topic in cancer research, tumor microenvironment (TME) highlights the mutual and interdependent interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tissues, and the CM treatment concept bears a striking resemblance to it. To date, primary points of TME include extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, hypoxia, and angiogenesis, but trials using CM with a focus on TME are rare. Despite considerable recent development, experimental research on CM for solving cancer issues appears insufficient. Greater efforts in this field are urgently needed.
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Zhang Y, Han Y, Zhai K, Sun M, Liu J, Yu B, Kou J. Ophiopogonin-D suppresses MDA-MB-435 cell adhesion and invasion by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1493-8. [PMID: 25816153 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophiopogonin-D is one of steroidal saponins isolated from the root of the Chinese medicinal plant Ophiopogon japonicas. It has been claimed to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. The present study was the first to examine the anti-tumor metastasis properties of ophiopogonin-D. An MTT assay showed that ophiopogonin-D inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-435 melanoma cells, and decreased invasion was demonstrated using a Transwell invasion assay. Furthermore, adhesion of MDA-MB-435 cells to human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and to fibronectin was inhibited by ophiopogonin-D. Gelatin zymography and western blot analysis showed that ophiopogonin-D inhibited the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), but not that of MMP-2. Inhibition of phosphorylation of p38 by ophiopogonin-D indicated its inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Overall, the results suggested that ophiopogonin-D may be considered as a candidate drug for treating or preventing tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Han
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Kefeng Zhai
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Minhui Sun
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Jihua Liu
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Junping Kou
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
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He JY, Xi WH, Zhu LB, Long XH, Chen XY, Liu JM, Luo QF, Zhu XP, Liu ZL. Knockdown of Aurora-B alters osteosarcoma cell malignant phenotype via decreasing phosphorylation of VCP and NF-κB signaling. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:3895-902. [PMID: 25874486 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-3032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of inhibiting Aurora-B on osteosarcoma (OS) cell malignant phenotype, phosphorylation of valosin-containing protein (VCP), and the activity of NF-κB signaling in vitro. The expressions of Aurora-B and p-VCP proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry in 24 OS tissues, and the relationship between Aurora-B and p-VCP was investigated. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between Aurora-B and p-VCP proteins. The expression of Aurora-B in human OS cell lines U2-OS and HOS cells was inhibited by specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentivirus (AURKB-shRNA lentivirus, Lv-shAURKB) which targeted Aurora-B. The results showed that the phosphorylation of VCP, the activity of NF-κB signaling pathway and the malignant phenotype of OS cells were all suppressed by knockdown of Aurora-B. It indicated that the inhibition of Aurora-B alters OS cells malignant phenotype by downregulating phosphorylation of VCP and activating of the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ying He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
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