1
|
Zhao P, Hou Y, Chen X, Zhang M, Hu Z, Chen L, Huang J. High Fischer Ratio Oligopeptides of Gluten Alleviate Alcohol-Induced Liver Damage by Regulating Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Foods 2024; 13:436. [PMID: 38338571 PMCID: PMC10855637 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
High Fischer ratio oligopeptides (HFOs) exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. HFOs from gluten origin were prepared through fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis and then characterized using free amino acid analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Following intervention, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) in the rats significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, there was an increasing trend in superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of alcohol metabolism-related genes (ADH4, ALDH2, and CYP2E1) exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05). Histological examination revealed a reduction in liver damage. The findings indicate that high Fischer ratio oligopeptides, prepared through enzymatic and fermentation methods, significantly improve lipid levels, ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders, and mitigate oxidative stress, and exhibit a discernible alleviating effect on alcoholic liver injury in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Zhao
- Food Laboratory of Zhong Yuan, Luohe 462300, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yinchen Hou
- Food Laboratory of Zhong Yuan, Luohe 462300, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Xinyang Chen
- Food Laboratory of Zhong Yuan, Luohe 462300, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Food Laboratory of Zhong Yuan, Luohe 462300, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zheyuan Hu
- Food Laboratory of Zhong Yuan, Luohe 462300, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lishui Chen
- Food Laboratory of Zhong Yuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Jihong Huang
- Food Laboratory of Zhong Yuan, Luohe 462300, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functional Food Green Manufacturing, Xuchang 461000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiang Y, Zhang X, Tian Z, Cheng Y, Liu N, Meng X. Molecular mechanisms of 1,2-dichloroethane-induced neurotoxicity. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:565-574. [PMID: 37779589 PMCID: PMC10541367 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of industrial solvents and adhesives often utilizes 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE), a highly toxic halogenated hydrocarbon compound. Occupational 1,2-DCE poisoning occurs frequently and is a public health concern. Exposure to 1,2-DCE can damage the brain, liver, and kidneys. The main and most severe damage caused by exposure to 1,2-DCE is to the nervous system, especially the central nervous system. Current research on 1,2-DCE mainly focuses on the mechanism of brain edema. Several possible mechanisms of 1,2-DCE neurotoxicity have been proposed, including oxidative stress, calcium overload, blood-brain barrier damage, and neurotransmitter changes. This article reviews the research progress on 1,2-DCE neurotoxicity and the mechanism behind it to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of 1,2-DCE poisoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhoudadaobei, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoshun Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhoudadaobei, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Zhiling Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yibin Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningguo Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhoudadaobei, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang J, Zhang L, Wang T, Zhang J, Li M, Jin X, Tan X, Wang G, Zhao F, Jin Y. Synergistic effects of combined treatment of 1,2-dichloroethane and high-dose ethanol on liver damage in mice and the related mechanisms. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113812. [PMID: 37150348 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the metabolism of 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) mediated by CYP2E1 could result in oxidative damage in the liver of mice. In the current study, we further investigated the effects of combined treatment with 1,2-DCE and high dose ethanol on liver and the mechanisms since both of them can be metabolized by CYP2E1 in the liver. There are several novel findings in the current study. First, combined treatment of mice with 1,2-DCE and high-dose ethanol could synergistically upregulate both protein and mRNA levels of CYP2E1, which might aggravate liver damage through CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress. Second, the combined treatment could also synergistically trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory responses in the liver. Third, the combined treatment synergistically upregulated the antioxidant defence systems in response to oxidative stress, however the compensatory mechanisms of antioxidant defence systems appeared to be insufficient to protect liver damage in the mice. Finally, the upregulated CYP2E1 expression was confirmed by using its specific inhibitor to play the crucial roles in liver damage in the mice during the combined treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxia Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146 Huanghe North Street, Yuhong District, Shenyang, 110034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoqiong Tan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Baodi District, 301800, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaoyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fenghong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaping Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang M, Zhong Y, Lin L, Liang B, Liu J, Jiang J, Hu M, Huang Y, Lin X, Lu L, Bian Z, Zhong W, Wu J, Zheng J, Rong W, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Wu J, Zhang X, Yang X, Hu Q, Huang Z. 1,2-Dichloroethane induces cerebellum granular cell apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Lett 2020; 322:87-97. [PMID: 31935479 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) is a widely used chlorinated organic toxicant, but little is known about the cerebellar dysfunction induced by excessive exposure to it. To uncover 1,2-DCE-induced neurotoxicity in cerebellar granular cells (CGCs), and to investigate the underlying mechanisms, we explored this, both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings showed significant cell viability inhibition in human CGCs (HCGCs) treated with 1,2-DCE. Flow cytometry and mitochondrial membrane potential analyses discovered an increase in apoptotic-mediated cell death in HCGCs after 1,2-DCE treatment. This HCGC apoptosis was involved in the increases of protein expression in Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, Bad, Bim, transformation related protein 53, Caspase-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and Survivin. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot confirmed the increases in Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, and Bad in HCGCs after 1,2-DCE treatment. Bax inhibitor peptide V5 rescued 1,2-DCE-induced HCGC apoptosis. Furthermore, 80 CD-1 male mice were exposed to 1,2-DCE by inhalation at 0, 100, 350, and 700 mg/m3 for 6 h/day for 4 weeks. An open field test found abnormal neurobehavioral changes in the mice exposed to 1,2-DCE. Histopathological examination showed significantly shrunken and hypereosinophilic cytoplasm with nuclear pyknosis in mouse CGCs from the 700 mg/m3 1,2-DCE group. TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay verified significant increases in apoptotic positive cells in the mouse CGCs after 1,2-DCE exposure. We confirmed the increases in the expressions of Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3 and Bad in the mice exposed to 1,2-DCE. These findings suggest that 1,2-DCE exposure can induce CGC apoptosis and cerebellar dysfunction, at least in part, through mitochondrial pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manqi Huang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yizhou Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Boxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junying Jiang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Manjiang Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuji Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lvliang Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziwei Bian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenyu Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiejiao Wu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiewei Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Weifeng Rong
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yating Zhang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jieling Wu
- Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiansheng Hu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Multifarious Link between Cytochrome P450s and Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3028387. [PMID: 31998435 PMCID: PMC6964729 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3028387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Cytochrome P450s (P450s) play an important role in the metabolism of endogenous as well as exogenous substances, especially drugs. Moreover, many P450s can serve as targets for disease therapy. Increasing reports of epidemiological, diagnostic, and clinical research indicate that P450s are enzymes that play a major part in the formation of cancer, prevention, and metastasis. The purposes of this review are to shed light on the current state of knowledge about the cancer molecular mechanism involving P450s and to summarize the link between the cancer effects and the participation of P450s.
Collapse
|
6
|
Upregulation of CYP2E1 expression causes oxidative damage induced by 2-chloroethanol in primary cultured rat astrocytes. Neurotoxicology 2019; 75:233-244. [PMID: 31585129 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Brain edema caused by subacute poisoning with 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) has gained much attention during recent years, but its underlying mechanism is poorly understood. As an intermediate metabolite of 1,2-DCE in vivo, 2-chloroethanol (2-CE) can be transformed into chloroacetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS) through cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) mediated metabolism. In previous studies, it was found that CYP2E1 expression is enhanced in the brain of mice treated with 1,2-DCE. This study was designed to verify the roles of CYP2E1 overexpression in 2-CE induced cytotoxicity in rat astrocytes, and the contribution of specific signaling molecules to the upregulation of CYP2E1 expression caused by 2-CE. The results of this study demonstrate that treatment with 2-CE can enhance CYP2E1 protein and mRNA levels, cause an increase in ROS and MDA levels, and higher percentages of apoptotic cells in rat astrocytes. Pretreatment with either diallyl sulfide or vitamin C, the inhibitor of CYP2E1 or scavenger of ROS, respectively, can suppress the levels of CYP2E1 expression, ROS and MDA, ameliorate cell apoptosis, and attenuate phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in these cells. Additionally, pretreatment with the inhibitor of either ERK1/2 or transcriptional factor specificity protein 1 (SP1) can suppress the CYP2E1 expression, and alleviate the oxidative damage caused to these cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that CYP2E1 overexpression plays a crucial role in 2-CE induced oxidative damage of rat astrocytes, and that CYP2E1 expression is upregulated partially through the activation of the ERK1/2 and SP1 signaling pathways by ROS generated during CYP2E1-mediated 2-CE metabolism. This study provides novel information that can be used in elucidating the mechanism by which 1,2-DCE induces brain edema.
Collapse
|
7
|
Teschke R. Microsomal Ethanol-Oxidizing System: Success Over 50 Years and an Encouraging Future. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:386-400. [PMID: 30667528 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fifty years ago, in 1968, the pioneering scientists Charles S. Lieber and Leonore M. DeCarli discovered the capacity for liver microsomes to oxidize ethanol (EtOH) and named it the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS), which revolutionized clinical and experimental alcohol research. The last 50 years of MEOS are now reviewed and highlighted. Since its discovery and as outlined in a plethora of studies, significant insight was gained regarding the fascinating nature of MEOS: (i) MEOS is distinct from alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase, representing a multienzyme complex with cytochrome P450 (CYP) and its preferred isoenzyme CYP 2E1, NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, and phospholipids; (ii) it plays a significant role in alcohol metabolism at high alcohol concentrations and after induction due to prolonged alcohol use; (iii) hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals promote microsomal EtOH oxidation, assisted by phospholipid peroxides; (iv) new aspects focus on microsomal oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with intermediates such as hydroxyethyl radical, ethoxy radical, acetyl radical, singlet radical, hydroxyl radical, alkoxyl radical, and peroxyl radical; (v) triggered by CYP 2E1, ROS are involved in the initiation and perpetuation of alcoholic liver injury, consequently shifting the previous nutrition-based concept to a clear molecular-based disease; (vi) intestinal CYP 2E1 induction and ROS are involved in endotoxemia, leaky gut, and intestinal microbiome modifications, together with hepatic CYP 2E1 and liver injury; (vii) circulating blood CYP 2E1 exosomes may be of diagnostic value; (viii) circadian rhythms provide high MEOS activities associated with significant alcohol metabolism and potential toxicity risks as a largely neglected topic; and (ix) a variety of genetic animal models are useful and have been applied elucidating mechanistic aspects of MEOS. In essence, MEOS along with its CYP 2E1 component currently explains several mechanistic steps leading to alcoholic liver injury and has a promising future in alcohol research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Teschke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (RT), Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Hanau, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang L, Jin YP. Toxic effects of combined treatment of 1,2-dichloroethane and ethanol on mouse brain and the related mechanisms. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22294. [PMID: 30664321 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms of brain damage induced by the combined treatment of mice with 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) and ethanol. Mice were divided into control group; 1,2-DCE-intoxicated group; ethanol-treated group; and low-, medium-, and high-dose combined treatment groups. Histological observations along with brain organ coefficients and water content were used to measure the brain damage directly and indirectly. The levels of nonprotein sulfhydryls, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase activity were used as parameters to evaluate oxidative stress in the brain. Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), zonula occludens-1 (occludin and zo-1), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and the γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase catalytic and modulatory subunits (γ-GCSc, GR, and γ-GCSm) in the brain were examined by Western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, respectively. Effects of the combined treatment of 1,2-DCE and ethanol were evaluated by analysis of variance with a factorial design. The results suggested that combined exposure to ethanol and 1,2-DCE synergistically increased CYP2E1 protein and mRNA levels, accelerated the metabolism of ethanol and 1,2-DCE in the brain tissue, induced high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased MDA levels, thereby damaging the blood-brain barrier and causing obvious pathological changes in brain tissue. However, the increased level of ROS activated the Nrf2 signal transduction pathway, promoting the expression of HO-1 and glutathione-related antioxidant enzymes in the brain to protect the cells from oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin X, Liao Y, Tan X, Wang G, Zhao F, Jin Y. Involvement of CYP2E1 in the Course of Brain Edema Induced by Subacute Poisoning With 1,2-Dichloroethane in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1317. [PMID: 30524279 PMCID: PMC6262393 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the role of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) expression in the course of brain edema induced by subacute poisoning with 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE). Mice were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the 1,2-DCE poisoned group, and the low-, medium- and high-dose diallyl sulfide (DAS) intervention groups. The present study found that CYP2E1 expression levels in the brains of the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group were upregulated transcriptionally; in contrast, the levels were suppressed by DAS pretreatment in the intervention groups. In addition, the expression levels of both Nrf2 and HO-1 were also upregulated transcriptionally in the brains of the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group, while they were suppressed dose-dependently in the intervention groups. Moreover, compared with the control group, MDA levels and water contents in the brains of the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group increased, whereas NPSH levels and tight junction (TJ) protein levels decreased significantly. Conversely, compared with the 1,2-DCE- poisoned group, MDA levels and water contents in the brains of the intervention groups decreased, and NPSH levels and TJ protein levels increased significantly. Furthermore, pathological changes of brain edema observed in the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group were markedly improved in the intervention groups. Collectively, our results suggested that CYP2E1 expression could be transcriptionally upregulated in 1,2-DCE-poisoned mice, which might enhance 1,2-DCE metabolism in vivo, and induce oxidative damage and TJ disruption in the brain, ultimately leading to brain edema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Jin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingjun Liao
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Tan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gaoyang Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fenghong Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang G, Yuan Y, Gao L, Tan X, Yang G, Zhao F, Jin Y. Disruption of Intracellular ATP Generation and Tight Junction Protein Expression during the Course of Brain Edema Induced by Subacute Poisoning of 1,2-Dichloroethane. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:12. [PMID: 29410610 PMCID: PMC5787108 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore changes in intracellular ATP generation and tight junction protein expression during the course of brain edema induced by subacute poisoning of 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE). Mice were exposed to 1.2 g/m3 1,2-DCE for 3.5 h per day for 1, 2, or 3 days, namely group A, B, and C. Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activity, ATP and lactic acid content, intracellular free Ca2+ concentration and ZO-1 and occludin expression in the brain were measured. Results of present study disclosed that Ca2+-ATPase activities in group B and C, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in group C decreased, whereas intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations in group B and C increased significantly compared with control. Moreover, ATP content decreased, whereas lactic acid content increased significantly in group C compared with control. On the other hand, expressions of ZO-1 and occludin at both the protein and gene levels in group B and C decreased significantly compared with control. In conclusion, findings from this study suggest that calcium overload and depressed expression of tight junction associated proteins, such as ZO-1 and occludin might play an important role in the early phase of brain edema formation induced by subacute poisoning of 1,2-DCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lanyue Gao
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Tan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangqian Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fenghong Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yin MC, Wang ZH, Liu WH, Mong MC. Aqueous Extract of Gynura Bicolor Attenuated Hepatic Steatosis, Glycative, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Injury Induced by Chronic Ethanol Consumption in Mice. J Food Sci 2017; 82:2746-2751. [PMID: 29023845 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gynura bicolor leaf aqueous extract (GAE) is rich in phytochemicals including phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. Effects of GAE upon hepatic injury in mice with chronic ethanol intake were examined. Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with ethanol was used to induce hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative, glycative, and inflammatory injury. GAE at 0.25% or 0.5% was added in feeds, and supplied to mice consumed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with ethanol for 6 wk. Blood and liver were collected for analyses. Results showed that ethanol increased plasma and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol content, and affected plasma levels of insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin. GAE at both doses decreased lipid accumulation, and at high dose improved hormones abnormality. Histological data revealed that GAE supplement mitigated hepatic lipid deposit. Ethanol increased plasma Nε -(carboxyethymethyl)-lysine and pentosidine levels. GAE at high doses lowered those glycative factors. Ethanol depleted glutathione content, increased CYP2E1 activity and reactive oxygen species production, and reduced the activity of glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase and catalase in liver. GAE supplement at both doses reversed these alterations and attenuated hepatic oxidative stress. GAE supplement also at both doses decreased hepatic inflammatory cytokines release in ethanol treated mice. These findings support that leaves of G. bicolor is a functional food with liver protective activities against ethanol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chin Yin
- Dept. of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia Univ., Taichung City, Taiwan.,Dept. of Medical Research, China Medical Univ. Hospital, China Medical Univ., Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wang
- Dept. of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia Univ., Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hu Liu
- Dept. of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical Univ., Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Mong
- Dept. of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia Univ., Taichung City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zeng N, Jiang H, Fan Q, Wang T, Rong W, Li G, Li R, Xu D, Guo T, Wang F, Zeng L, Huang M, Zheng J, Lu F, Chen W, Hu Q, Huang Z, Wang Q. Aberrant expression of miR-451a contributes to 1,2-dichloroethane-induced hepatic glycerol gluconeogenesis disorder by inhibiting glycerol kinase expression in NIH Swiss mice. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:292-303. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zeng
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Qiming Fan
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Ting Wang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Weifeng Rong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology; Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment; Guangzhou 510300 China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology; Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment; Guangzhou 510300 China
| | - Ruobi Li
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Tao Guo
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Fei Wang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Lihai Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology; Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment; Guangzhou 510300 China
| | - Manqi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology; Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment; Guangzhou 510300 China
| | - Jiewei Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology; Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment; Guangzhou 510300 China
| | - Fengrong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology; Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment; Guangzhou 510300 China
| | - Wen Chen
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Qiansheng Hu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology; Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment; Guangzhou 510300 China
| | - Qing Wang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510080 China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hong M, Zhang Y, Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, Mu S, Hao X, Feng Y. A Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Fructus Schisandrae. Molecules 2017; 22:E1617. [PMID: 28956809 PMCID: PMC6151775 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructus schisandrae (Wuweizi in Chinese), a common traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for centuries to treat chronic liver disease. The therapeutic efficacy of Wuweizi has also been validated in clinical practice. In this study, molecular docking and network analysis were carried out to explore the hepatoprotective mechanism of Wuweizi as an effective therapeutic approach to treat liver disease. Multiple active compounds of Wuweizi were docked with 44 protein targets related with viral hepatitis, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. A compound-target network was constructed through network pharmacology analysis, predicting the relationships of active ingredients to the targets. Our results demonstrated that schisantherin, schisandrin B, schisandrol B, kadsurin, Wuweizisu C, Gomisin A, Gomisin G, and angeloylgomisin may target with 21 intracellular proteins associated with liver diseases, especially with fatty liver disease. The CYP2E1, PPARα, and AMPK genes and their related pathway may play a pivotal role in the hepatoprotective effects of Wuweizi. The network pharmacology strategy used provides a forceful tool for searching the action mechanism of traditional herbal medicines and novel bioactive ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 55500, China.
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 55500, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650000, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang T, Liao Y, Sun Q, Tang H, Wang G, Zhao F, Jin Y. Upregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Primary Cultured Rat Astrocytes Induced by 2-Chloroethanol Via MAPK Signal Pathways. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:218. [PMID: 28769771 PMCID: PMC5516094 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Chloroethanol (2-CE) is one of the reactive metabolites of 1,2-DCE in vivo, which might contribute to brain edema formation induced by 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) poisoning. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathways in upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in 2-CE exposed rat astrocytes. Expression of p38 MAPK (p38), extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and MMP-9 at both protein and gene levels in rat astrocytes were determined using western blot and real-time RT-PCR methods. The results showed that both protein and mRNA levels of MMP-9 in 2-CE exposed astrocytes significantly increased. Meanwhile, protein levels of phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and JNK1/2 (p-JNK1/2) in 2-CE exposed astrocytes also significantly increased. In addition, both protein and mRNA levels of MMP-9 significantly decreased in response to reduced protein levels of p-p38, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK1/2 achieved by supplement with their specific inhibitors, indicating that activation of MAPK signal pathways might play an important role in upregulation of MMP-9 expression at the transcriptional level in 2-CE exposed astrocytes. Furthermore, since pretreatment of n-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a powerful antioxidant amino acid, could attenuate the elevated levels of MMP-9, p-p38, p-ERK2 and p-JNK1/2 in 2-CE exposed astrocytes, activation of MAPK signal pathways in 2-CE exposed astrocytes could be mediated partially by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was most likely generated in the metabolism of 2-CE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Yingjun Liao
- Department of Physiology, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Hongge Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Gaoyang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Fenghong Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical UniversityShenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang T, Xu D, Fan Q, Rong W, Zheng J, Gao C, Li G, Zeng N, Guo T, Zeng L, Wang F, Xiao C, Cai L, Tang S, Deng X, Yin X, Huang M, Lu F, Hu Q, Chen W, Huang Z, Wang Q. 1,2-Dichloroethane impairs glucose and lipid homeostasis in the livers of NIH Swiss mice. Toxicology 2017; 380:38-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
16
|
Rao PSS, Midde NM, Miller DD, Chauhan S, Kumar A, Kumar S. Diallyl Sulfide: Potential Use in Novel Therapeutic Interventions in Alcohol, Drugs, and Disease Mediated Cellular Toxicity by Targeting Cytochrome P450 2E1. Curr Drug Metab 2016; 16:486-503. [PMID: 26264202 DOI: 10.2174/1389200216666150812123554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (DAS) and other organosulfur compounds are chief constituents of garlic. These compounds have many health benefits, as they are very efficient in detoxifying natural agents. Therefore, these compounds may be useful for prevention/treatment of cancers. However, DAS has shown appreciable allergic reactions and toxicity, as they can also affect normal cells. Thus their use as in the prevention and treatment of cancer is limited. DAS is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), which is known to metabolize many xenobiotics including alcohol and analgesic drugs in the liver. CYP2E1-mediated alcohol/drug metabolism produce reactive oxygen species and reactive metabolites, which damage DNA, protein, and lipid membranes, subsequently causing liver damage. Several groups have shown that DAS is not only capable of inhibiting alcohol- and drug-mediated cellular toxicities, but also HIV protein- and diabetes-mediated toxicities by selectively inhibiting CYP2E1 in various cell types. However, due to known DAS toxicities, its use as a treatment modality for alcohol/drug- and HIV/diabetes-mediated toxicity have only limited clinical relevance. Therefore, effort is being made to generate DAS analogs, which are potent and selective inhibitor of CYP2E1 and poor substrate of CYP2E1. This review summarizes current advances in the field of DAS, its anticancer properties, role as a CYP2E1 inhibitor, preventing agent of cellular toxicities from alcohol, analgesic drugs, xenobiotics, as well as, from diseases like HIV and diabetes. Finally, this review also provides insights toward developing novel DAS analogues for chemical intervention of many disease conditions by targeting CYP2E1 enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Santosh Kumar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Rm 456, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Suman S, Shukla Y. Diallyl Sulfide and Its Role in Chronic Diseases Prevention. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 929:127-144. [PMID: 27771923 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (C6H10S, DAS) is one of the novel natural organosulfur compounds, which is mostly obtained from the genus Allium plants. Numerous studies have revealed several unique properties of DAS in terms of its health-promoting effects. DAS has proved to be anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-angiogenic, and immunomodulatory like unique functions as demonstrated by the multiple investigations. Diallyl sulfide can also impede oxidative stress and chronic inflammation as suggested by the literature. Studies also explored that DAS could thwart the development of chronic diseases like cancer, neuronal, cardiovascular disease through modulating mechanistic pathways involved in pathogenesis. In this book chapter, we have attempted to give the comprehensive view on DAS about the physiochemical and biological properties, and its preventive role in chronic diseases with a mechanistic overview.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Suman
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, 31, Vish Vigyan Bhawan, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yogeshwer Shukla
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, 31, Vish Vigyan Bhawan, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|