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Xu F, Yang YH, Yang H, Li W, Hao Y, Zhang S, Zhang YZ, Cao WX, Li XX, Du GH, Ji TF, Wang JH. Progress of studies on natural products for glioblastoma therapy. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:154-176. [PMID: 38321773 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2300367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, malignant, and lethal primary brain tumor in adults. Up to now, the chemotherapy approaches for GBM are limited. Therefore, more studies on identifying and exploring new chemotherapy drugs or strategies overcome the GBM are essential. Natural products are an important source of drugs against various human diseases including cancers. With the better understanding of the molecular etiology of GBM, the development of new anti-GBM drugs has been increasing. Here, we summarized recent researches of natural products for the GBM therapy and their potential mechanisms in details, which will provide new ideas for the research on natural products and promote developing drugs from nature products for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi-Hui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hong Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wan-Xin Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Teng-Fei Ji
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Okon E, Koval M, Wawruszak A, Slawinska-Brych A, Smolinska K, Shevera M, Stepulak A, Kukula-Koch W. Emodin-8- O-Glucoside-Isolation and the Screening of the Anticancer Potential against the Nervous System Tumors. Molecules 2023; 28:7366. [PMID: 37959784 PMCID: PMC10650745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Emodin-8-O-glucoside (E-8-O-G) is a glycosylated derivative of emodin that exhibits numerous biological activities, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, or anticancer activities. However, there are no reports on the activity of E-8-O-G against cancers of the nervous system. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect of E-8-O-G in the SK-N-AS neuroblastoma, T98G human glioblastoma, and C6 mouse glioblastoma cancer cells. As a source of E-8-O-G the methanolic extract from the aerial parts of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. (Polygonaceae) was used. Thanks to the application of centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) operated in the descending mode using a mixture of petroleum ether:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (4:5:4:5 v/v/v/v) and a subsequent purification with preparative HPLC, E-8-O-G was obtained in high purity in a sufficient quantity for the bioactivity tests. Assessment of the cancer cell viability and proliferation were performed with the MTT (3-(bromide 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium), CTG (CellTiter-Glo®) and BrdU (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine) assays, respectively. E-8-O-G inhibits the viability and proliferation of SK-N-AS neuroblastoma, T98G human glioblastoma multiforme, and C6 mouse glioblastoma cells dose-dependently. E-8-O-G seems to be a promising natural antitumor compound in the therapy of nervous system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Okon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.O.); (A.W.)
| | - Maryna Koval
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Wawruszak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.O.); (A.W.)
| | | | - Katarzyna Smolinska
- Chronic Wounds Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Myroslav Shevera
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2, Tereshchenkivska Str., 010601 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.O.); (A.W.)
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Staffieri S, Russo V, Oliva MA, Alborghetti M, Russo M, Arcella A. Aloe-Emodin Overcomes Anti-Cancer Drug Resistance to Temozolomide and Prevents Colony Formation and Migration in Primary Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines NULU and ZAR. Molecules 2023; 28:6024. [PMID: 37630276 PMCID: PMC10458156 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most dangerous and aggressive type of CNS tumor, appears resistant to many chemotherapy drugs. In the patient-derived glioma cell lines NULU and ZAR, which exhibit drug-resistant phenotypes, we investigated the effect of combined AE (Aloe-emodin) and TMZ (temozolomide) and found a significant additive inhibitory effect on cell growth and a promising cytotoxic effect on both cell lines compared to treatment with single agents. We also examined the effect of combined AE and TMZ treatment on the drug-resistance protein MGMT. The results suggest that using AE combined with traditional drugs restores drug resistance in both primary resistant cell lines (NULU and ZAR). Furthermore, migration assays and scratch tests showed that the combined use of AE and TMZ can slow down the colony formation and migration of glioblastoma cells. These convincing results suggest that AE could be a natural adjuvant agent to potentiate the effects of traditional drugs (TMZ) and overcome drug resistance in glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Staffieri
- IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (S.S.); (V.R.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Veronica Russo
- IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (S.S.); (V.R.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Oliva
- IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (S.S.); (V.R.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Marika Alborghetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Miriam Russo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università Degli Studi del Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
| | - Antonietta Arcella
- IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (S.S.); (V.R.); (M.A.O.)
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Wang K, Guo H, Tian X, Miao Y, Han P, Jin F. Efficacy of three-dimensional arterial spin labeling and how it compares against that of contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in preoperative grading of brain gliomas. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37040330 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) imaging in preoperative grading of brain gliomas, and compare the discrepancy between images obtained from 3D-ASL and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) in grading of gliomas. METHODS Fifty-one patients with brain gliomas received plain MRI, CE-MRI and 3D-ASL scanning before surgery. In 3D-ASL images, the maximum tumor blood flow (TBF) of tumor parenchyma was measured, relative TBF-M and rTBF-WM were calculated. The cases were categorized into "ASL dominant" and "CE dominant" to compare the discrepancy between 3D-ASL and CE-MRI results. Independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney and U test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed to test the differences of TBF, rTBF-M and rTBF-WM values among brain gliomas with different grades. Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation between TBF, rTBF-M, rTBF-WM and glioma grades respectively. To compare the discrepancy between 3D-ASL and CE-MRI results. RESULTS In high-grade gliomas (HGG) group, TBF, rTBF-M and rTBF-WM values were higher than those in low-grade gliomas (LGG) group (p < .05). Multiple comparison showed TBF and rTBF-WM values were different between grade I and IV gliomas, grade II and IV gliomas (both p < .05), the rTBF-M value was different between grade I and IV gliomas (p < .05). The values of all 3D-ASL derived parameters were positively correlated with gliomas grading (all p < .001). TBF showed highest specificity (89.3%) and rTBF-WM showed highest sensitivity (96.4%) when discriminating LGG and HGG using ROC curve. There were 29 CE dominant cases (23 cases were HGG), 9 ASL dominant cases (4 cases were HGG). CONCLUSION: 3D-ASL is of significance to preoperative grading of brain gliomas and might be more sensitive than CE-MRI in detection of tumor perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Huanxuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tian
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanping Miao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Hacioglu C, Kar F, Davran F, Tuncer C. Borax regulates iron chaperone- and autophagy-mediated ferroptosis pathway in glioblastoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36988300 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is classified as a stage-IV glioma. Unfortunately, there are currently no curative treatments for GBM. Poly(rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1) is a cytosolic iron chaperone with diverse functions. PCBP1 is also known to regulate autophagy, but the role of PCBP1 in ferroptosis, iron-dependent cell death pathway, remains unrevealed in GBM cells. Here, we investigated the effects of borax, a boron compound, on the ferroptosis signaling pathway mediated by PCBP1 and autophagy. The study analyzed cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle on U87-MG and HMC3 cells to investigate the effects of borax. After determining the cytotoxic concentrations of borax, morphological analyzes and measurement of PCBP1, Beclin1, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4) levels were performed. Finally, expression levels of PCBP1, Beclin1, GPx4 and ACSL4, and caspase-3/7 activity were determined. We found that borax reduced U87-MG cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, borax altered cell proliferation and remarkably reduced S phase in the U87-MG cells and exhibited selectivity by having an opposite effect on normal cells (HMC3). According to DAPI staining, borax caused nuclear deficits in U87-MG cells. The result showed that borax in U87-MG cells induced reduction of the PCBP1, GSH, and GPx4 and enhancement of Beclin1, MDA, and ACSL4. Furthermore, borax triggered apoptosis by activating caspase 3/7 in U87-MG cells. Our study indicated that the borax has potential as an anticancer treatment for GBM via regulating PCBP1/Beclin1/GPx4/ACSL4 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhan Hacioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Davran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Tuncer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
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Yang HL, Chang YH, Pandey S, Bhat AA, Vadivalagan C, Lin KY, Hseu YC. Antrodia camphorata and coenzyme Q 0 , a novel quinone derivative of Antrodia camphorata, impede HIF-1α and epithelial-mesenchymal transition/metastasis in human glioblastoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36947447 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata (AC) and Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0 ), a novel quinone derivative of AC, exhibits antitumor activities. The present study evaluated EMT/metastasis inhibition and autophagy induction aspects of AC and CoQ0 in human glioblastoma (GBM8401) cells. Our findings revealed that AC treatment (0-150 μg/mL) hindered tumor cell proliferation and migration/invasion in GBM8401 cells. Notably, AC treatment inhibited HIF-1α and EMT by upregulating epithelial marker protein E-cadherin while downregulating mesenchymal proteins Twist, Slug, Snail, and β-catenin. There was an appearance of the autophagy markers LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1, while ATG4B was downregulated by AC treatment. We also found that CoQ0 (0-10 μM) could inhibit migration and invasion in GBM8401 cells. In particular, E-cadherin was elevated and N-cadherin, Vimentin, Twist, Slug, and Snail, were reduced upon CoQ0 treatment. In addition, MMP-2/-9 expression and Wnt/β-catenin pathways were downregulated. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitors 3-MA or CQ reversed the CoQ0 -elicited suppression of migration/invasion and metastasis-related proteins (Vimentin, Snail, and β-catenin). Results suggested autophagy-mediated antiEMT and antimetastasis upon CoQ0 treatment. CoQ0 inhibited HIF-1α and metastasis in GBM8401 cells under normoxia and hypoxia. HIF-1α knockdown using siRNA accelerated CoQ0 -inhibited migration. Finally, CoQ0 exhibited a prolonged survival rate in GBM8401-xenografted mice. Treatment with Antrodia camphorata/CoQ0 inhibited HIF-1α and EMT/metastasis in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsien Chang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sudhir Pandey
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Asif Ali Bhat
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chithravel Vadivalagan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City, 41354, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
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Isoginkgetin-A Natural Compound to Control U87MG Glioblastoma Cell Growth and Migration Activating Apoptosis and Autophagy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238335. [PMID: 36500428 PMCID: PMC9740329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoginkgetin (Iso) is a natural bioflavonoid isolated from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, this natural substance exhibits many healing properties, among which the antitumor effect stands out. Here we tested the effect of Iso on the growth of U87MG glioblastoma cells. Growth curves and MTT toxicity assays showed time and dose-dependent growth inhibition of U87MG after treatment with Iso (15/25 µM) for 1, 2, and 3 days. The cell growth block of U87MG was further investigated with the colony formation test, which showed that iso treatment for 24 h reduced colony formation. The present study also aimed to evaluate the effect of Iso on U87MG glioblastoma cell migration. The FACS analysis, on the other hand, showed that treatment with Iso 15 µM determines a blockage of the cell cycle in the S1 phase. Further investigation shows that Iso treatment of U87MG altered the protein pathways of homeostasis including autophagy and apoptosis. The present study demonstrated, for the first time, that Iso could represent an excellent adjuvant drug for the treatment of glioblastoma by simultaneously activating multiple mechanisms that control the growth and migration of neoplastic cells.
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Wang Y, Li C, Xiong Z, Chen N, Wang X, Xu J, Wang Y, Liu L, Wu H, Huang C, Huang A, Tan J, Li Y, Li Q. Up-and-coming anti-epileptic effect of aloesone in Aloe vera: Evidenced by integrating network pharmacological analysis, in vitro, and in vivo models. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:962223. [PMID: 36034878 PMCID: PMC9411719 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.962223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Aloe vera is a medically valuable plant with anti-epileptic activity; however, its mechanism of action remains unknown. In this study, network pharmacological, in vitro, and in vivo experiments were carried out to explore the potential anti-epileptic components and targets of Aloe vera.Methods: The main active components of Aloe vera were identified by searching the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database. Targets of Aloe vera were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction, whereas information about the epilepsy disease targets was obtained from Gene Cards. The protein–protein interaction network and core targets were screened according to the topological structure and CytoNCA plugin. The glutamate-induced HT22 cell line and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure rats were used to confirm the effect of aloesone by detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis, and predicting the targets.Results: A total of 14 core active components were selected based on the screening criteria of oral bioavailability ≥30% and drug-likeness ≥ 0.10. Four compounds, namely linoleic acid, aloesone, isoeleutherol glucosiden qt, and anthranol, demonstrated the potential ability of crossing the blood-brain barrier. A total of 153 targets associated with epilepsy were predicted for the four compounds. Moreover, after network analysis with CytoNCA, 10 targets, namely, MAPK1, SRC, MARK3, EGFR, ESR1, PTGS2, PTPN11, JAK2, PPKCA, and FYN, were selected as the core genes, and SRC, which has been predicted to be the target of aloesone and anthranol, exhibited the highest subgraph centrality value. In vitro experiments confirmed that aloesone treatment significantly inhibited the glutamate-induced neuronal injury by reducing the intracellular ROS content and the early phase of apoptosis. Additionally, treatment with 50 mg/kg aloesone resulted in anti-seizure effects by reducing the seizure score and prolonging the latent period in acute and chronic rats. Furthermore, aloesone treatment increased the phosphorylation of c-SRC at Y418 and reduced the phosphorylation at Y529, simultaneously activating c-SRC.Conclusion: Integrating network pharmacology with in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that aloesone, which inhibited seizure by activating c-SRC, is a potential anti-seizure compound present in Aloe vera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhongyv Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Niangen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Junyv Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuemei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Longfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Hang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Caihui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Aiqin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiajia Tan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwestern University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Youbin Li, ; Qifu Li,
| | - Qifu Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Department of Neurology, School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Youbin Li, ; Qifu Li,
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Magnolol Induces the Extrinsic/Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathways and Inhibits STAT3 Signaling-Mediated Invasion of Glioblastoma Cells. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121399. [PMID: 34947930 PMCID: PMC8706091 DOI: 10.3390/life11121399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common form of malignant brain tumor, with poor prognosis; the efficacy of current standard therapy for GBM remains unsatisfactory. Magnolol, an herbal medicine from Magnolia officinalis, exhibited anticancer properties against many types of cancers. However, whether magnolol suppresses GBM progression as well as its underlying mechanism awaits further investigation. In this study, we used the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay, apoptosis marker analysis, transwell invasion and wound-healing assays to identify the effects of magnolol on GBM cells. We also validated the potential targets of magnolol on GBM with the GEPIA (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis) and Western blotting assay. Magnolol was found to trigger cytotoxicity and activate extrinsic/intrinsic apoptosis pathways in GBM cells. Both caspase-8 and caspase-9 were activated by magnolol. In addition, GEPIA data indicated the PKCδ (Protein kinase C delta)/STAT3 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway as a potential target of GBM. Magnolol effectively suppressed the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3 in GBM cells. Meanwhile, tumor invasion and migration ability and the associated genes, including MMP-9 (Matrix metalloproteinase-9) and uPA (Urokinase-type plasminogen activator), were all diminished by treatment with magnolol. Taken together, our results suggest that magnolol-induced anti-GBM effect may be associated with the inactivation of PKCδ/STAT3 signaling transduction.
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10
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Manirakiza A, Irakoze L, Manirakiza S. Aloe and its Effects on Cancer: A Narrative Literature Review. East Afr Health Res J 2021; 5:1-16. [PMID: 34308239 PMCID: PMC8291210 DOI: 10.24248/eahrj.v5i1.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many years ago, Aloe Vera was cited to have a lot of therapeutic properties including; anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, skin protection, wound healing, and regulation of blood glucose and cholesterol. However, Aloe could present some side effects. This review focused on the latest discoveries regarding the therapeutic role of Aloe plant or its compounds on the acquired biological capabilities for tumour growth and progression namely; evading growth suppressor, avoiding immune destruction, enabling replicative immortality, tumour promoting inflammation, activating invasion and metastasis, inducing angiogenesis, genome instability and mutation, resisting cell death, deregulating cellular energetics and sustaining proliferating signalling. It clarified the anti-cancer activities it exerts on different types of cancer and also highlighted some pro-oncogenic pathways that can be disrupted by different compounds of Aloe.
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11
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Svitina H, Hamman JH, Gouws C. Molecular mechanisms and associated cell signalling pathways underlying the anticancer properties of phytochemical compounds from Aloe species (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:852. [PMID: 34178125 PMCID: PMC8220653 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring components from various species of Aloe have been used as traditional folk medicine since the ancient times. Over the last few decades, the therapeutic effects of extracts and phytochemical compounds obtained from Aloe vera have been proven in preclinical and clinical studies. Recently, compounds from other Aloe species apart from Aloe vera have been investigated for the treatment of different diseases, with a particular focus on cancer. In the present review, the effects of phytochemical compounds obtained from different Aloe species are discussed, with a specific focus on the effects on cell signalling in cancer and normal cells, and their selectivity and efficacy. This information will be useful for the application of Aloe-derived compounds as therapeutic agents, either alone or in combination with other standard drugs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Svitina
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West 2520, South Africa.,Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of NASU, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Josias H Hamman
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West 2520, South Africa
| | - Chrisna Gouws
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West 2520, South Africa
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12
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent primary malignant brain tumour prevalent in humans, that exhibits aggressive cell proliferation and rapid invasion of normal brain tissue. Despite aggressive therapeutic approaches consisting of maximum safe surgical resection followed by radio-chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), more than 95% of GBM patients die within 5 years after diagnosis. In most cases, the therapy is not able to counteract the growth and invasiveness of the tumour, which relapses after an interval of time that varies from patient to patient. An increasing number of evidence indicates that natural substances exhibited effective anti-tumour functions and might be successfully used in the treatment of GBM. This review summarizes some natural substances: lactoferrin, hispolon, aloe-emodin and tea tree oil; all these show a growth inhibition and synergistic effect when together with TMZ, (the most commonly used alkylating drug for the treatment of glioblastoma) were administered to U87MG glioblastoma cell line in vitro and in murine animal model. U87MG cell growth was monitored by daily cell count after treatments with the substances mentioned above and growth analysis showed that all drugs significantly decrease proliferation of U87MG in a time- and dose-dependent manner. FACS analysis demonstrates a block of cell cycle in S, G2/M or G0/G1 phases. These substances mediate multiple processes including apoptosis by releasing the inducing factor: PARP. Natural compounds, in combination with conventional chemotherapy TMZ, are a powerful approach to improve the effectiveness of brain cancer treatment.
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13
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Rotondo R, Oliva MA, Staffieri S, Castaldo S, Giangaspero F, Arcella A. Implication of Lactucopicrin in Autophagy, Cell Cycle Arrest and Oxidative Stress to Inhibit U87Mg Glioblastoma Cell Growth. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245843. [PMID: 33322048 PMCID: PMC7764785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we propose lactucopicrin (LCTP), a natural sesquiterpene lactone from Lactucavirosa, as a molecule able to control the growth of glioblastoma continuous cell line U87Mg. The IC50 of U87Mg against LCTP revealed a strong cytotoxic effect. Daily administration of LCTP showed a dose and time-dependent reduction of GBM cell growth and viability, also confirmed by inhibition of clonogenic potential and mobility of U87Mg cells. LCTP activated autophagy in U87Mg cells and decreased the phosphorylation of proliferative signals pAKT and pERK. LCTP also induced the cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, confirmed by decrease of CDK2 protein and increase of p53 and p21. LCTP stimulated apoptosis as evidenced by reduction of procaspase 6 and the increase of the cleaved/full-length PARP ratio. The pre-treatment of U87Mg cells with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which reversed its cytotoxic effect, showed the involvement of LCTP in oxidative stress. Finally, LCTP strongly enhanced the sensitivity of U87Mg cells to canonical therapy Temozolomide (TMZ) and synergized with this drug. Altogether, the growth inhibition of U87Mg GBM cells induced by LCTP is the result of several synergic mechanisms, which makes LCTP a promising adjuvant therapy for this complex pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Rotondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Antonietta Oliva
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Sabrina Staffieri
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Salvatore Castaldo
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
- Department of Radiologic, Oncologic and Anatomo Pathological Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Arcella
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0865-915220
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14
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Ji J, Zhao L, Zhao X, Li Q, An Y, Li L, Li D. Genome‑wide DNA methylation regulation analysis of long non‑coding RNAs in glioblastoma. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:224-238. [PMID: 32319552 PMCID: PMC7255472 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor associated with high mortality. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly being recognized as its modulators. However, it remains mostly unexplored how lncRNAs are mediated by DNA methylation in GBM. The present study integrated multi-omics data to analyze the epigenetic dysregulation of lncRNAs in GBM. Widely aberrant methylation in the lncRNA promoters was observed, and the lncRNA promoters exhibited a more hypomethylated pattern in GBM. By combining transcriptional datasets, it was possible identify the lncRNAs whose transcriptional changes might be associated with the aberrant promoter methylation. Then, a methylation-mediated lncRNA regulatory network and functional enrichment analysis of aberrantly methylated lncRNAs showed that lncRNAs with different methylation patterns were involved in diverse GBM progression-related biological functions and pathways. Specifically, four lncRNAs whose increased expression may be regulated by the corresponding promoter hypomethylation were evaluated to have an excellent diagnostic effect and clinical prognostic value. Finally, through the construction of drug-target association networks, the present study identified potential therapeutic targets and small-molecule drugs for GBM treatment. The present study provides novel insights for understanding the regulation of lncRNAs by DNA methylation and developing cancer biomarkers in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghuai Ji
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Qianpeng Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Yi An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated To Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471009, P.R. China
| | - Dongguo Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
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15
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Paudel P, Seong SH, Fauzi FM, Bender A, Jung HA, Choi JS. Establishing GPCR Targets of hMAO Active Anthraquinones from Cassia obtusifolia Linn Seeds Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:7705-7715. [PMID: 32280914 PMCID: PMC7144155 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines the effect of human monoamine oxidase active anthraquinones emodin, alaternin (=7-hydroxyemodin), aloe-emodin, and questin from Cassia obtusifolia Linn seeds in modulating human dopamine (hD1R, hD3R, and hD4R), serotonin (h5-HT1AR), and vasopressin (hV1AR) receptors that were predicted as prime targets from proteocheminformatics modeling via in vitro cell-based functional assays, and explores the possible mechanisms of action via in silico modeling. Emodin and alaternin showed a concentration-dependent agonist effect on hD3R with EC50 values of 21.85 ± 2.66 and 56.85 ± 4.59 μM, respectively. On hV1AR, emodin and alaternin showed an antagonist effect with IC50 values of 10.25 ± 1.97 and 11.51 ± 1.08 μM, respectively. Interestingly, questin and aloe-emodin did not have any observable effect on hV1AR. Only alaternin was effective in antagonizing h5-HT1AR (IC50: 84.23 ± 4.12 μM). In silico studies revealed that a hydroxyl group at C1, C3, and C8 and a methyl group at C6 of anthraquinone structure are essential for hD3R agonist and hV1AR antagonist effects, as well as for the H-bond interaction of 1-OH group with Ser192 at a proximity of 2.0 Å. Thus, based on in silico and in vitro results, hV1AR, hD3R, and h5-HT1AR appear to be prime targets of the tested anthraquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Paudel
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlin Mohd Fauzi
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Andreas Bender
- Center
for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2
1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department
of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- . Tel: 82-63-270-4882. Fax: 82-63-270-3854
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- . Tel: +82-51-629-5845. Fax: +82-51-629 5842
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16
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Sugier P, Jakubowicz-Gil J, Sugier D, Kowalski R, Gawlik-Dziki U, Kołodziej B, Dziki D. Chemical Characteristics and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil from Arnica Montana L. Rhizomes and Roots. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061284. [PMID: 32178275 PMCID: PMC7143959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arnica montana L. is a medicinal plant with diverse biological activities commonly used in pharmacy and cosmetics. The attributes of A. montana are mainly related to the concentration and chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of EOs derived from A. montana rhizomes and roots taking into account the age of the plants and to investigate the effect of the analyzed EOs on induction of apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy in human glioblastoma multiforme T98G and anaplastic astrocytoma MOGGCCM cell lines. Rhizomes and roots of mountain arnica were harvested at the end of the third and fourth vegetation periods. The chemical composition of essential oils was determined with the GC–MS technique. Among the 37 components of the essential oil of A. montana, 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (46.47%–60.31%), 2,6-diisopropylanisole (14.48%–23.10%), thymol methyl ether (5.31%–17.79%), p-methoxyheptanophenone (5.07%–9.65%), and α-isocomene (0.68%–2.87%), were detected in the rhizomes and roots of the three-year-old plants and in the rhizomes and roots of the four-year-old plants. The plant part (rhizome, root) and plant age can be determinants of the essential oil composition and, consequently, their biological activity. The induction of apoptosis (but not autophagy nor necrosis) at a level of 28.5%–32.3% is a promising result, for which 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene, 2,6-diisopropylanisole, thymol methyl ether, and p-methoxyheptanophenone are probably mainly responsible. The present study is the first report on the anticancer activities of essential oils from A. montana rhizomes and roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Sugier
- Department of Botany, Mycology and Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Joanna Jakubowicz-Gil
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Danuta Sugier
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Radosław Kowalski
- Department of Analysis and Evaluation of Food Quality, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Kołodziej
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Dariusz Dziki
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
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17
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Kaewnoonual N, Itharat A, Pongsawat S, Nilbu-Nga C, Kerdput V, Pradidarcheep W. Anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative effects of Benja-ummarit extract in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Rep 2020; 12:109-120. [PMID: 32042419 PMCID: PMC7006111 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The herbal extract Benja-ummarit (BU) is a traditional Thai medicine with a putative cancer-suppressing effect. However, this effect has only been tested in vitro in human hepatocarcinoma cell lines. The present study determined the efficacy of a BU extract to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats in vivo and established its anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative properties. The BU extract was prepared in 95% ethanol and its composition determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. HCC was induced in Wistar rats by an injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN), followed 2 weeks later by injections of thioacetamide (TAA) thrice weekly for 4 weeks. Following 2 months, the DEN-TAA-treated rats were divided into 6 groups that were treated orally for another 2 months with: i) No treatment; ii) vehicle; iii) 30 mg/kg sorafenib (SF); iv) 1 mg/kg BU; v) 10 mg/kg BU; or vi) 50 mg/kg BU. Liver samples were collected for gross morphological, histological, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, and serum samples were collected for liver function tests. The size and number of the cancer nodules were reduced ~10-fold in BU-treated HCC groups and ~14-fold in the SF-treated group compared with the HCC group. Furthermore, the serum parameters of liver damage were lower in BU-compared with SF-treated rats. These results indicate that while each of these formulations strongly reduce HCC expansion, BU extract results in less liver damage. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression was reduced significantly in the BU-and SF-treated HCC groups compared with the HCC group (P<0.05). BU extract antagonizes HCC growth in vivo potently through inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. BU, therefore, qualifies as a promising medical herb requiring further evaluation as a treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattpawit Kaewnoonual
- Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Arunporn Itharat
- Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Suriya Pongsawat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Cheng Nilbu-Nga
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Vichununt Kerdput
- Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Wisuit Pradidarcheep
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
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18
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Wu L, Ni ZH, Xu YC, Zhang XQ, Du SL, Cao KX, Chen ZP, Li WD, Guo LB. Investigation on the Characteristic Components of Dahuang Zhechong Pill Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Fingerprint. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19888079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dahuang Zhechong Pill (DHZCP) has been widely used in the treatment of hepatocarcinoma in China. The aim of our study was to identify the characteristic components of DHZCP. First, HPLC fingerprint of DHZCP was established to analyze the common components of 14 batches of DHZCP samples, which were purchased from different manufacturers. The results of HPLC fingerprint detected 164 peaks in these 14 batches of DHZCP. Through similarity analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis, we identified 20 common components upon which to conduct quantitative analysis conducted by an HPLC method. After that, a cytotoxicity test was carried out to screen the active components in DHZCP. The results showed that hypoxanthine, rhein, emodin, aloe emodin, and wogonin are the active components of DHZCP for the treatment of hepatocarcinoma, as they have significant inhibitory effect against the activity of drug-resistant hepatocarcinoma cells (SMMC-7721/DOX) than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zi-Hui Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yun-Cong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xi-Qiong Zhang
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Sha-Li Du
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ke-Xin Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhi-Peng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei-Dong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lu-Bo Guo
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong, PR China
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19
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Sharifi-Rad J, Ozleyen A, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Oluwaseun Adetunji C, El Omari N, Balahbib A, Taheri Y, Bouyahya A, Martorell M, Martins N, Cho WC. Natural Products and Synthetic Analogs as a Source of Antitumor Drugs. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E679. [PMID: 31683894 PMCID: PMC6920853 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease and one of the major issues of health concern, especially for the public health system globally. Nature is a source of anticancer drugs with abundant pool of diverse chemicals and pharmacologically active compounds. In recent decade, some natural products and synthetic analogs have been investigated for the cancer treatment. This article presents the utilization of natural products as a source of antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran.
| | - Adem Ozleyen
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University, Iyamho, Edo State 300271, Nigeria.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco.
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
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20
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Belanova A, Beseda D, Chmykhalo V, Stepanova A, Belousova M, Khrenkova V, Gavalas N, Zolotukhin P. Berberine Effects on NFκB, HIF1A and NFE2L2/AP-1 Pathways in HeLa Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:487-501. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666181211121405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Berberine has multitudinous anti-cancer stem cells effects making it a highly promising
candidate substance for the next-generation cancer therapy. However, berberine modes of action predispose it to
significant side-effects that probably limit its clinical testing and application.
Materials and Methods:
HeLa cells were treated with two concentrations of berberine (30 and 100 µM) for 24
hours to assess the functioning of the NFE2L2/AP-1, NFκB and HIF1A pathways using 22 RNAs expression
qPCR-based analysis.
Results:
Berberine effects appeared to be highly dose-dependent, with the lower concentration being capable of
suppressing the NFκB functioning and the higher concentration causing severe signaling side-effects seen in the
HIF1A pathway and the NFE2L2 sub-pathways, and especially and more importantly in the AP-1 sub-pathway.
Conclusion:
The results of the study suggest that berberine has clinically valuable anti-NFκB effects however
jeopardized by its side effects on the HIF1A and especially NFE2L2/AP-1 pathways, its therapeutic window
phenomenon and its cancer type-specificity. These, however, may be ameliorated using the cocktail approach,
provided there is enough data on signaling effects of berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Belanova
- Biomedical Innovations LLC, 112 Mechnikova st., 344013, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Darya Beseda
- Biomedical Innovations LLC, 112 Mechnikova st., 344013, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Victor Chmykhalo
- Biomedical Innovations LLC, 112 Mechnikova st., 344013, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Alisa Stepanova
- Biomedical Innovations LLC, 112 Mechnikova st., 344013, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Mariya Belousova
- English Language Department for Natural Sciences Faculties, Southern Federal University, 5 Sorge st., 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Vera Khrenkova
- Rostov State Medical University, 119 Suvorova st., 344022, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolaos Gavalas
- Division of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 80 Vas. Sofias Av., 11521, Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Zolotukhin
- Biomedical Innovations LLC, 112 Mechnikova st., 344013, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
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Tan B, Huang Y, Lan L, Zhang B, Ye L, Yan W, Wang F, Lin N. Bruceine D induces apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cells through regulating JNK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109089. [PMID: 31226632 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruceine D (BD) is the quassinoids isolated from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Brucea javanica's fruit, which exhibits anti-cancer activity. Here, we demonstrated that BD inhibited human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in vitro that were attributed to the induction of cell apoptosis. Human NSCLC H460 and A549 cell lines were treated with BD, and cell viability was conducted with CCK-8 assay. Cell clone formation was observed by clone formation assay. Cell apoptosis was measured using DAPI staining and flow cytometry. Protein levels was analyzed by western blot. The results showed BD inhibited the cell viability of H460 and A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 0.5 and 0.6 μmol/L, respectively, at 48 h of treatment. Treatment with BD (0.125-1.0 μmol/L) dose-dependently promoted chromatin condensation, Annexin V-positive cell population and caspase-dependent apoptosis in H460 and A549 cells. Mechanistically, BD stimulated the phosphorylation of JNK. Furthermore, the anti-cancer effects of BD were alleviated effectively by a specific JNK inhibitor SP600125 in NSCLC cells. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that BD exerted anti-cancer activity against NSCLC cells through JNK activation, which suggests its potent usefulness for prevention and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqin Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Yuyu Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Lihua Lan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Lijun Ye
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
| | - Nengming Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
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22
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Froldi G, Baronchelli F, Marin E, Grison M. Antiglycation Activity and HT-29 Cellular Uptake of Aloe-Emodin, Aloin, and Aloe arborescens Leaf Extracts. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112128. [PMID: 31195732 PMCID: PMC6600357 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloe arborescens is a relevant species largely used in traditional medicine of several countries. In particular, the decoction of leaves is prepared for various medicinal purposes including antidiabetic care. The aim of this research was the study of the antiglycation activity of two A. arborescens leaf extracts and isolated compounds: aloin and aloe-emodin. These phytoconstituents were quantitatively assessed in methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. In addition, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected. In order to study their potential use in diabetic conditions, the antiglycation and antiradical properties of the two extracts and aloin and aloe-emodin were investigated by means of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) assays; further, their cytotoxicity in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells was evaluated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Furthermore, the ability of aloin and aloe-emodin to permeate the cellular membranes of HT-29 cells was determined in order to estimate their potential in vivo absorption. This assessment indicated that aloe-emodin can substantially pass through cell membranes (~20%), whereas aloin did not permeate into HT-29 cells. Overall, the data show that both the methanolic and the hydroalcoholic A. arborescens extracts determine significant inhibition of glycation and free-radical persistence, without any cytotoxic activity. The data also show that the antiglycation and the antiradical activities of aloin and aloe-emodin are lower than those of the two extracts. In relation to the permeability study, only aloe-emodin is able to cross HT-29 cellular membranes, showing the attitude to pass through the intestinal layer. Overall, the present data surely support the traditional use of A. arborescens leaf extracts against hyperglycemic conditions, while aloin and aloe-emodin as potential drugs need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmina Froldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Federica Baronchelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Elisa Marin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Margherita Grison
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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23
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Neuroprotective Effects of Anthraquinones from Rhubarb in Central Nervous System Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3790728. [PMID: 31223328 PMCID: PMC6541978 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3790728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhubarb is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine; it has been used in China for thousands of years. Rhubarb anthraquinones are the major medicinal ingredients derived from rhubarb including emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, physcion, and danthron. These different anthraquinone derivatives alone or in combination play a therapeutic role in central nervous system diseases (CNSD), such as cerebral ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and others. We review the experimental studies on these six anthraquinones in the treatment of CNSD by consulting literature published in the last 20 years in PubMed and then give a future perspective on it. In the end of this paper some deficiencies related to these studies also have been pointed out.
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