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Fu M, Yang Y, Zhang X, Lei B, Chen T, Chen Y. In Vitro Profiling of Toxicity Effects of Different Environmental Factors on Skin Cells. TOXICS 2024; 12:108. [PMID: 38393203 PMCID: PMC10892983 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The skin is constantly exposed to a variety of environmental threats. Therefore, the influence of environmental factors on skin damage has always been a matter of concern. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of different environmental factors, including cooking oil fumes (COFs), haze (PM2.5), and cigarette smoke (CS), on epidermal HaCaT cells and dermal fibroblast (FB) cells. Cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inflammatory cytokine levels, and collagen mRNA expression were used as toxicity endpoints. Additionally, the effects of ozone (O3) on cell viability and release of inflammatory cytokines in 3D epidermal cells were also examined. The results showed that the organic extracts of CS, COFs, and PM2.5 significantly inhibited the viability of HaCaT and FB cells at higher exposure concentrations. These extracts also increased intracellular ROS levels in FB cells. Furthermore, they significantly promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1α and TNF-α, in HaCaT cells and down-regulated the mRNA expression of collagen I, III, IV, and VII in FB cells. Comparatively, SC organic extracts exhibited stronger cytotoxicity to skin cells compared to PM2.5 and COFs. Additionally, O3 at all test concentrations significantly inhibited the viability of 3D epidermal cells in a concentration-dependent manner and markedly increased the levels of TNF-α and IL-1α in 3D epidermal cells. These findings emphasize the potential cytotoxicity of COFs, PM2.5, CS, and O3 to skin cells, which may lead to skin damage; therefore, we should pay attention to these environmental factors and take appropriate measures to protect the skin from their harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Fu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (M.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yingxin Yang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (M.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (M.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Bingli Lei
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (M.F.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Tian Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Assessment of Effects of Emerging Pollutants on Environmental and Human Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yuanqi Chen
- Skincare Research Center of Dr. YU, Shanghai Jahwa United Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200082, China;
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Wang L, Liu B, Shi L, Yan J, Tan W, Li C, Jia B, Wen W, Zhu K, Bai Z, Zhang W, Morawska L, Chen J, Wang J. Diverse Metabolic Effects of Cooking Oil Fume from Four Edible Oils on Human BEAS-2B Cells: Implications for Health Guidelines. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1462-1472. [PMID: 38155590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The 2021 WHO guidelines stress the importance of measuring ultrafine particles using particle number concentration (PNC) for health assessments. However, commonly used particle metrics such as aerodynamic diameter and number concentrations do not fully capture the diverse chemical makeup of complex particles. To address this issue, our study used high-throughput mass spectrometry to analyze the properties of cooking oil fumes (COFs) in real time and evaluate their impact on BEAS-2B cell metabolism. Results showed insignificant differences in COF number size distributions between soybean oil and olive oil (peak concentrations of 5.20 × 105/cm3), as well as between corn oil and peanut oil (peak concentrations of 4.35 × 105/cm3). Despite the similar major chemical components among the four COFs, variations in metabolic damage were observed, indicating that the relatively small amount of chemical components of COFs can also influence particle behavior within the respiratory system, thereby impacting biological responses. Additionally, interactions between accompanying gaseous COFs and particles may alter their chemical composition through various mechanisms, introducing additional chemicals and modifying existing proportions. Hence, the chemical composition and gaseous components of COFs hold equal importance to the particle number concentration (PNC) when assessing their impact on human health. The absence of these considerations in the current guidelines underscores a research gap. It is imperative to acknowledge that for a more comprehensive approach to safeguarding public health, guidelines must be regularly updated to reflect new scientific findings and robust epidemiological evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bailiang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Longbo Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiaqian Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wen Tan
- TOFWERK, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Boyue Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhe Bai
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health (ILAQH), School of Earth of Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiaxi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Cimrin AH, Ozgen Alpaydin A, Ozbal S, Toprak M, Yilmaz O, Uluorman F, Ergur BU, Gurel D, Sofuoglu SC. Exposure to Fumes of a Vegetable Margarine for Frying: Respiratory Effects in an Experimental Model. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:31880-31889. [PMID: 37692254 PMCID: PMC10483515 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Deep frying is one of the strongest emission sources into indoor air. A vegetable margarine has recently been used in commercial kitchens. This study investigated the respiratory effects of exposure to its fumes in an experimental model. A setup with glass chambers was constructed. A chamber housed a fryer. The fumes were transported to the other chamber where 24 Wistar albino rats were placed in four randomized groups: acute, subacute, chronic, and control for the exposure durations. PM10 concentration in the exposure chamber was monitored to ensure occupational levels were obtained. Sacrification was performed 24 h after exposure. Lung, trachea, and nasal concha specimens were evaluated by two blinded histologists under a light microscope with hematoxylin-eosin. Mild mononuclear cell infiltration, alveolar capillary membrane thickening, alveolar edema, and diffuse alveolar damage, along with diffuse hemorrhage, edema, and vascular congestion in the interstitium were observed in the acute and subacute groups, and were overexpressed in the chronic group, whereas normal lung histology was observed in the control group. The results indicate that exposure to fumes of vegetable margarine for frying in commercial kitchens may cause pulmonary inflammation that becomes severe as the duration of the exposure increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif H. Cimrin
- Department
of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Aylin Ozgen Alpaydin
- Department
of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Seda Ozbal
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Melis Toprak
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, 35430 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Osman Yilmaz
- Multidisciplinary
Animal Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Funda Uluorman
- Department
of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Bekir Ugur Ergur
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyrenia University, 99320 Kyrenia, Cyprus
| | - Duygu Gurel
- Department
of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Sait C. Sofuoglu
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, 35430 Izmir, Türkiye
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Fang K, Chen S, Wang Y, Chen F, Cui M, Dong Q. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Protects Neurons from Oxygen Glucose Deprivation Insult by Modulating Connexin-36 Expression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5339361. [PMID: 35847590 PMCID: PMC9279069 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5339361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. ADMA is thought to inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) by neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The gap junction protein Connexin-36 (cx-36) is involved in the pathophysiology of stroke. We investigated whether ADMA could protect neurons from OGD insults by regulating the expression of cx-36. Methods Cultured rat cortical neuronal cells were used. Neurons were treated with OGD with or without ADMA pretreatment. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release rate was used to assess neuronal injury. Intracellular NO levels were determined using 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate. Western blotting was performed to detect cx-36 expression. Results The LDH release rate increased in the supernatant of neurons after the OGD insult, whereas ADMA treatment reduced the LDH release rate. Intracellular NO levels increased following OGD treatment, and this increase was not inhibited by ADMA treatment. Expression of cx-36 was upregulated in neurons under OGD conditions, and treatment with ADMA downregulated the expression of cx-36. Conclusions ADMA protects neurons from OGD insult, and cx-36 downregulation may be a possible pathway involved in ADMA-mediated neuronal protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shufen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fangzhe Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Lin L, Song C, Wei Z, Zou H, Han S, Cao Z, Zhang X, Zhang G, Ran J, Cai Y, Han W. Multifunctional photodynamic/photothermal nano-agents for the treatment of oral leukoplakia. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:106. [PMID: 35246146 PMCID: PMC8895861 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral leukoplakia (OLK) has gained extensive attention because of the potential risk for malignant transformation. Photosensitizers (PSs) played an indispensable role in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of OLK, but the poor light sensitivity greatly hampered its clinical application. Herein, a novel organic photosensitive ITIC-Th nanoparticles (ITIC-Th NPs) were developed for OLK photodynamic/photothermal therapy (PTT). ITIC-Th NPs present both high photothermal conversion efficiency (~ 38%) and suitable reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability under 660 nm laser irradiation, making them possess excellent PDT and PTT capability. In 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO)-induced oral precancerous animal models, ITIC-Th NPs effectively suppress the OLK's cancerization without apparent topical or systemic toxicity in vivo. This study offers a promising therapeutic strategy for PDT and PTT in OLK treatment, and this study is the first interdisciplinary research in the field of multimodal therapy for OLK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chuanhui Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatology Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huihui Zou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shengwei Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zichen Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guorong Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jianchuan Ran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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