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Ma C, Xu Y, Chen H, Huang Y, Wang S, Zhang P, Li G, Xu Z, Xu X, Ding Z, Xiang H, Cao Y. Bisphenol Z exposure inhibits oocyte meiotic maturation by rupturing mitochondrial function. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116312. [PMID: 38608383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The use of bisphenol A (BPA) has been restricted due to its endocrine-disrupting effects. As a widely used alternative to BPA today, environmental levels of bisphenol Z (BPZ) continue to rise and accumulate in humans. Oocyte quality is critical for a successful pregnancy. Nevertheless, the toxic impacts of BPZ on the maturation of mammalian oocytes remain unexplored. Therefore, the impacts of BPZ and BPA on oocyte meiotic maturation were compared in an in vitro mouse oocyte culture model. Exposure to 150 μM of both BPZ and BPA disrupted the assembly of the meiotic spindle and the alignment of chromosomes, and BPZ exerted stronger toxicological effects than BPA. Furthermore, BPZ resulted in aberrant expression of F-actin, preventing the formation of the actin cap. Mechanistically, BPZ exposure disrupted the mitochondrial localization pattern, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content, leading to impaired mitochondrial function. Further studies revealed that BPZ exposure resulted in oxidative stress and altered expression of genes associated with anti-oxidative stress. Moreover, BPZ induced severe DNA damage and triggered early apoptosis in oocytes, accompanied by impaired lysosomal function. Overall, the data in this study suggest that BPZ is not a safe alternative to BPA. BPZ can trigger early apoptosis by affecting mitochondrial function and causing oxidative stress and DNA damage in oocytes. These processes disrupt cytoskeletal assembly, arrest the cell cycle, and ultimately inhibit oocyte meiotic maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huilei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Pin Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Guojing Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Zuying Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhiming Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Huifen Xiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Education, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
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Zhu X, Cao L, Liu Y, Tang X, Miao Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Jia Z, Chen J. Genotoxicity of bisphenol AF in rats: Detrimental to male reproductive system and probable stronger micronucleus induction potency than BPA. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:428-444. [PMID: 37837293 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF), as one of structural analogs of BPA, has been increasingly used in recent years. However, limited studies have suggested its adverse effects similar to or higher than BPA. In order to explore the general toxicity and genotoxicity of subacute exposure to BPAF, the novel 28-day multi-endpoint (Pig-a assay + micronucleus [MN] test + comet assay) genotoxicity evaluation platform was applied. Male rats were randomly distributed into seven main experimental groups and four satellite groups. The main experimental groups included BPAF-treated groups (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/kg·bw/d), BPA group (10 μg/kg·bw/d), two solvent control groups (PBS and 0.1% ethanol/99.9% oil), and one positive control group (N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, 40 mg/kg bw). The satellite groups included BPAF high-dose recovery group (BPAF-HR), oil recovery group (oil-R), ENU recovery group (ENU-R), and PBS recovery group (PBS-R). All groups received the agents orally via gavage for 28 consecutive days, and satellite groups were given a recovery period of 35 days. Among all histopathologically examined organs, testis and epididymis damage was noticed, which was further manifested as blood-testis barrier (BTB) junction protein (Connexin 43 and Occludin) destruction. BPAF can induce micronucleus production and DNA damage, but the genotoxic injury can be repaired after the recovery period. The expression of DNA repair gene OGG1 was downregulated by BPAF. To summarize, under the design of this experiment, male reproductive toxicity of BPAF was noticed, which is similar to that of BPA, but its ability to induce micronucleus production may be stronger than that of BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Second People's Hospital of Yibin City, Yibin, China
| | - Li Cao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyao Tang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Yeqiu Miao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lishi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenchao Jia
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Sichuan University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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Rajabi-Toustani R, Hu Q, Wang S, Qiao H. How Do Environmental Toxicants Affect Oocyte Maturation Via Oxidative Stress? ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2024; 238:69-95. [PMID: 39030355 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
In mammals, oogenesis initiates before birth and pauses at the dictyate stage of meiotic prophase I until luteinizing hormone (LH) surges to resume meiosis. Oocyte maturation refers to the resumption of meiosis that directs oocytes to advance from prophase I to metaphase II of meiosis. This process is carefully modulated to ensure a normal ovulation and successful fertilization. By generating excessive amounts of oxidative stress, environmental toxicants can disrupt the oocyte maturation. In this review, we categorized these environmental toxicants that induce mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal spindle formation. Further, we discussed the underlying mechanisms that hinder oocyte maturation, including mitochondrial function, spindle formation, and DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rajabi-Toustani
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Qinan Hu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shuangqi Wang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Huanyu Qiao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Wagner VA, Holl KL, Clark KC, Reho JJ, Dwinell MR, Lehmler HJ, Raff H, Grobe JL, Kwitek AE. Genetic background in the rat affects endocrine and metabolic outcomes of bisphenol F exposure. Toxicol Sci 2023; 194:84-100. [PMID: 37191987 PMCID: PMC10306406 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental bisphenol compounds like bisphenol F (BPF) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) affecting adipose and classical endocrine systems. Genetic factors that influence EDC exposure outcomes are poorly understood and are unaccounted variables that may contribute to the large range of reported outcomes in the human population. We previously demonstrated that BPF exposure increased body growth and adiposity in male N/NIH heterogeneous stock (HS) rats, a genetically heterogeneous outbred population. We hypothesize that the founder strains of the HS rat exhibit EDC effects that were strain- and sex-dependent. Weanling littermate pairs of male and female ACI, BN, BUF, F344, M520, and WKY rats randomly received either vehicle (0.1% EtOH) or 1.125 mg BPF/l in 0.1% EtOH for 10 weeks in drinking water. Body weight and fluid intake were measured weekly, metabolic parameters were assessed, and blood and tissues were collected. BPF increased thyroid weight in ACI males, thymus and kidney weight in BUF females, adrenal weight in WKY males, and possibly increased pituitary weight in BN males. BUF females also developed a disruption in activity and metabolic rate with BPF exposure. These sex- and strain-specific exposure outcomes illustrate that HS rat founders possess diverse bisphenol-exposure risk alleles and suggest that BPF exposure may intensify inherent organ system dysfunction existing in the HS rat founders. We propose that the HS rat will be an invaluable model for dissecting gene EDC interactions on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie A Wagner
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Katie L Holl
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Karen C Clark
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - John J Reho
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Melinda R Dwinell
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Rat Genome Database, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246, USA
| | - Hershel Raff
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke’s Medical Center, Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Justin L Grobe
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Anne E Kwitek
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Rat Genome Database, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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Yang SJ, Wang YS, Zhang LD, Ding ZM, Zhou X, Duan ZQ, Liu M, Liang AX, Huo LJ. High-dose synthetic phenolic antioxidant propyl gallate impairs mouse oocyte meiotic maturation through inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37052413 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Propyl gallate (PG) is one of the most widely used antioxidants in food products, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Increased research has suggested that exposure to PG influences reproductive health in humans and animals. However, until now, it has not yet been confirmed whether PG would impact oocyte quality. In this study, the hazardous effects of PG on oocyte meiotic maturation were investigated in mice. The findings showed that PG exposure compromises oocyte meiosis by inducing mitochondrial stress which activates apoptosis to trigger oocyte demise. Moreover, DNA damage was significantly induced in PG-treated oocytes, which might be another cause of oocyte developmental arrest and degeneration. Besides, the level of histone methylation (H3K27me2 and H3K27me3) in oocyte was also significantly increased by PG exposure. Furthermore, PG-induced oxidative stress was validated by the increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which might be the underlying reason for these abnormities. In conclusion, the foregoing findings suggested that PG exposure impaired oocyte meiotic maturation by yielding mitochondrial stress to activate apoptosis, inducing DNA damage and oxidative stress, and altering histone methylation level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ji Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Qun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Xin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Kourmaeva E, Sabry R, Favetta LA. Bisphenols A and F, but not S, induce apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1028438. [PMID: 36387888 PMCID: PMC9650025 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1028438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the gradual decline in global fertility rates, there is a need to identify potential contributing factors, their mechanisms of actions and investigate possible solutions to reverse the trend. Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA), are environmental toxicants that are known to negatively impact reproductive functions. As such, the use of BPA in the manufacturing industry has slowly been replaced by analogs, including bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF), despite limited knowledge available regarding their impact on health and their safety. The following study investigates the effects of BPA, BPS and BPF at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL on bovine granulosa cell apoptosis, with the ultimate goal of determining how they may impact oocyte competence and, thus, overall fertility. The underlying hypothesis is that bisphenols disrupt the granulosa cell environment surrounding the oocyte inducing excessive apoptosis via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. To test this hypothesis, apoptosis was measured following a time- and dose-dependent exposure to all three bisphenols by flowcytometry paired with annexin V/PI staining as well as by quantification of key genes belonging to the intrinsic apoptotic pathway both at the mRNA and protein levels. The results of this study report that BPA and BPF reduce cell viability through reduced cell counts and increased apoptosis. This increase is due, in part, to the induction of apoptotic genes of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Additionally, this study also suggests that BPS may not act on the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in bovine granulosa cells. Overall, this study allows us to establish potential apoptotic pathways activated by bisphenols as well as compare the relative apoptotic activities of BPA to its most widespread analogs.
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