1
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Louisse J, Pedroni L, van den Heuvel JJMW, Rijkers D, Leenders L, Noorlander A, Punt A, Russel FGM, Koenderink JB, Dellafiora L. In vitro and in silico characterization of the transport of selected perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids by human organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), OAT2 and OAT3. Toxicology 2024; 509:153961. [PMID: 39343156 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) belong to the group of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which may accumulate in humans due to their limited excretion. To provide more insight into the active renal excretion potential of PFASs in humans, this work investigated in vitro the transport of three PFCAs (PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA) and three PFSAs (PFBS, PFHxS and PFOS) using OAT1-, OAT2- or OAT3-transduced human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Only PFHpA and PFOA showed clear uptake in OAT1-transduced HEK cells, while no transport was observed for PFASs in OAT2-transduced HEK cells. In OAT3-transduced HEK cells only PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, and PFHxS showed clear uptake. To study the interaction with the transporters, molecular docking and dynamics simulation were performed for PFHpA and PFHxS, for which a relatively short and long half-life in humans has been reported, respectively. Docking analyses could not always distinguish the in vitro transported from the non-transported PFASs (PFHpA vs. PFHxS), whereas molecular dynamic simulations could, as only a stable interaction of the PFAS with the inner part of transporter mouth was detected for those that were transported in vitro (PFHpA with OAT1, none with OAT2, and PFHpA and PFHxS with OAT3). Altogether, this study presents in vitro and in silico insight with respect to the selected PFASs transport by the human renal secretory transporters OAT1, OAT2, and OAT3, which provides further understanding about the differences between the capability of PFAS congeners to accumulate in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochem Louisse
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Lorenzo Pedroni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, 43124 Italy
| | - Jeroen J M W van den Heuvel
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Deborah Rijkers
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Liz Leenders
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annelies Noorlander
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ans Punt
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan B Koenderink
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Luca Dellafiora
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, 43124 Italy.
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2
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Xu H, Mao X, Zhang S, Ren J, Jiang S, Cai L, Miao X, Tao Y, Peng C, Lv M, Li Y. Perfluorooctanoic acid triggers premature ovarian insufficiency by impairing NAD+ synthesis and mitochondrial function in adult zebrafish. Toxicol Sci 2024; 201:118-128. [PMID: 38830045 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
High-dose perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) impairs oocyte maturation and offspring quality. However, the physiological concentrations of PFOA in follicular fluids of patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) were detected at lower levels, thus the relationship between physiological PFOA and reproductive disorders remains elusive. Here, we investigated whether physiological PFOA exposure affects gonad function in adult zebrafish. Physiological PFOA exposure resulted in POI-like phenotypes in adult females, which exhibited decreased spawning frequency, reduced number of ovulated eggs, abnormal gonadal index, and aberrant embryonic mortality. Meanwhile, oocytes from PFOA-exposed zebrafish showed mitochondrial disintegration and diminished mitochondrial membrane potential. Unlike the high-dose treated oocytes exhibiting high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and excessive apoptosis, physiological PFOA reduced the ROS levels and did not trigger apoptosis. Interestingly, physiological PFOA exposure would not affect testis function, indicating specific toxicity in females. Mechanistically, PFOA suppressed the NAD+ biosynthesis and impaired mitochondrial function in oocytes, thus disrupting oocyte maturation and ovarian fertility. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor for NAD+ biosynthesis, alleviated the PFOA-induced toxic effects in oocytes and improved the oocyte maturation and fertility upon PFOA exposure. Our findings discover new insights into PFOA-induced reproductive toxicity and provide NMN as a potential drug for POI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mao
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Siling Zhang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shanwen Jiang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lijuan Cai
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaomin Miao
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yixi Tao
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Fisheries Development Department of Agriculture and Rural Committee of Nanchuan District, Chongqing 408400, China
| | - Mengzhu Lv
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yun Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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3
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Amstutz VH, Sijm DTHM, Vrolijk MF. Perfluoroalkyl substances and immunotoxicity: An in vitro structure-activity relationship study in THP-1-derived monocytes and macrophages. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143075. [PMID: 39151576 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Recently, PFASs toxicity for the human immune system has become a growing concern. However, there is currently limited information on PFASs immunotoxicity beyond PFHxS, PFOA, PFOS, and PFNA. Therefore, it is urgent to close the present knowledge gap by testing a wider range of compounds. In the present study, twelve compounds were tested for a relationship between the chain-length and headgroup of a PFAS and its cytotoxic for THP-1. As such, THP-1, either as monocytes or differentiated macrophages, were exposed to PFASs in a concentration range of 0-800 μM for either 3 or 24 h. After that, cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were assessed using MTT and DCFH assay, respectively. PFASs' cytotoxicity is dependent on both their chain-length and headgroups. Cell viability decreased with increasing chain-length, and FTOHs displayed markedly higher toxicity than PFCAs and PFSAs. PFASs were ranked based on their calculated Relative Potency Factor. The ranking for the cytotoxicity data on monocytes appears to be 6:2 FTOH ≫ PFNA > PFDA > PFOS > PFOA >4: 2 FTOH > PFHxS = PFHxA > PFBA. For macrophages, this ranking was as follows: 6:2 FTOH >4:2 FTOH > PFOS > PFDA > PFNA > PFOA > PFHxS. The results observed for the ROS generating potential differed as FTOHs generated no ROS. Here, the ranking in monocytes was PFOA > PFNA > PFOS > PFHxS > PFDA > PFHxA = PFBS = PFBA. The ranking for macrophages was PFNA > PFDA ≥ PFOA > PFOS > PFHxA > PFHxS > PFBA = PFBS. In conclusion, the carbon chain-length and functional headgroup of a PFAS are major determinants for their toxicity to THP-1 cells. Furthermore, our study demonstrates the most potent cytotoxic effect for FTOHs in vitro, which has not been observed before to the authors' knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- V H Amstutz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6229, ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - D T H M Sijm
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6229, ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Office for Risk Assessment and Research, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), 3540, AA, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - M F Vrolijk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6229, ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Lockington C, Favetta LA. How Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances Affect Gamete Viability and Fertilization Capability: Insights from the Literature. J Xenobiot 2024; 14:651-678. [PMID: 38804291 PMCID: PMC11130945 DOI: 10.3390/jox14020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been emerging research linking per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to gamete viability and fertility. PFAS, prevalent in the environment and water supplies, undergo slow degradation due to their C-F bond and a long half-life (2.3-8.5 years). In females, PFAS inhibit the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, reducing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, leading to the inhibition of androgen and estradiol production. PFAS have been found to cause detrimental effects on egg quality through impairing folliculogenesis. In males, PFAS can impair sperm motility and morphology: two fundamental qualities of successful fertilization. PFAS exposure has been proven to inhibit testosterone production, sperm capacitation, and acrosomal reaction. After fertilization, the results of PFAS exposure to embryos have also been investigated, showing reduced development to the blastocyst stage. The aim of this review is to report the main findings in the literature on the impact of PFAS exposure to gamete competency and fertilization capability by highlighting key studies on both male and female fertility. We report that there is significant evidence demonstrating the negative impacts on fertility after PFAS exposure. At high doses, these environmentally abundant and widespread compounds can significantly affect human fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura A. Favetta
- Reproductive Health and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
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Zhang H, Han L, Qiu L, Zhao B, Gao Y, Chu Z, Dai X. Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Exposure Compromises Fertility by Affecting Ovarian and Oocyte Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:136. [PMID: 38203307 PMCID: PMC10779064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PFOA, a newly emerging persistent organic pollutant, is widely present in various environmental media. Previous reports have proved that PFOA exposure can accumulate in the ovary and lead to reproductive toxicity in pregnant mice. However, the potential mechanism of PFOA exposure on fertility remains unclear. In this study, we explore how PFOA compromises fertility in the zebrafish. The data show that PFOA (100 mg/L for 15 days) exposure significantly impaired fertilization and hatching capability. Based on tissue sections, we found that PFOA exposure led to ovarian damage and a decrease in the percentage of mature oocytes. Moreover, through in vitro incubation, we determined that PFOA inhibits oocyte development. We also sequenced the transcriptome of the ovary of female zebrafish and a total of 284 overlapping DEGs were obtained. Functional enrichment analysis showed that 284 overlapping DEGs function mainly in complement and coagulation cascades signaling pathways. In addition, we identified genes that may be associated with immunity, such as LOC108191474 and ZGC:173837. We found that exposure to PFOA can cause an inflammatory response that can lead to ovarian damage and delayed oocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoxin Dai
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (H.Z.); (L.H.); (L.Q.); (B.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.)
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6
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Zhang Z, Tian J, Liu W, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Ding L, Sun H, Yan G, Sheng X. Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure leads to defect in follicular development through disrupting the mitochondrial electron transport chain in granulosa cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166954. [PMID: 37722425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent environmental pollutant that can impair ovarian function, while the underlying mechanism is not fully understood, and effective treatments are lacking. In this study, we established a mouse model of PFOA exposure induced by drinking water and found that PFOA exposure impaired follicle development, increased apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs), and hindered normal follicular development in a 3D culture system. RNA-seq analysis revealed that PFOA disrupted oxidative phosphorylation in ovaries by impairing the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This resulted in reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in isolated GCs or KGN cells. Resveratrol, a mitochondrial nutrient supplement, could improve mitochondrial function and restore normal follicular development by activating FoxO1 through SIRT1/PI3K-AKT pathway. Our results indicate that PFOA exposure impairs mitochondrial function in GCs and affects follicle development. Resveratrol can be a potential therapeutic agent for PFOA-induced ovarian dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiao Tian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jidong Zhou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Guijun Yan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Sheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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7
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Kabakci R, Clark KL, Plewes MR, Monaco CF, Davis JS. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) inhibits steroidogenesis and mitochondrial function in bovine granulosa cells in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122698. [PMID: 37832777 PMCID: PMC10873118 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent environmental contaminant. Due to the ubiquitous presence of PFOA in the environment, the impacts of PFOA exposure not only affect human reproductive health but may also affect livestock reproductive health. The focus of this study was to determine the effects of PFOA on the physiological functions of bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Primary bovine granulosa cells were exposed to 0, 4, and 40 μM PFOA for 48 and 96 h followed by analysis of granulosa cell function including cell viability, steroidogenesis, and mitochondrial activity. Results revealed that PFOA inhibited steroid hormone secretion and altered the expression of key enzymes required for steroidogenesis. Gene expression analysis revealed decreases in mRNA transcripts for CYP11A1, HSD3B, and CYP19A1 and an increase in STAR expression after PFOA exposure. Similarly, PFOA decreased levels of CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 protein. PFOA did not impact live cell number, alter the cell cycle, or induce apoptosis, although it reduced metabolic activity, indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction. We observed that PFOA treatment caused a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increases in PINK protein expression, suggestive of mitophagy and mitochondrial damage. Further analysis revealed that these changes were associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Expression of autophagy related proteins phosphoULK1 and LAMP2 were increased after PFOA exposure, in addition to an increased abundance of lysosomes, characteristic of increased autophagy. Taken together, these findings suggest that PFOA can negatively impact granulosa cell steroidogenesis via mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhi Kabakci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University, 71450 Yahsihan, Kirikkale, Turkey; Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kendra L Clark
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Michele R Plewes
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Corrine F Monaco
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
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8
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Qi Q, Niture S, Gadi S, Arthur E, Moore J, Levine KE, Kumar D. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances activate UPR pathway, induce steatosis and fibrosis in liver cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:225-242. [PMID: 36251517 PMCID: PMC10092267 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which include perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA), and perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTA), are commonly occurring organic pollutants. Exposure to PFAS affects the immune system, thyroid and kidney function, lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling and is also involved in the development of fatty liver disease and cancer. The molecular mechanisms by which PFAS cause fatty liver disease are not understood in detail. In the current study, we investigated the effect of low physiologically relevant concentrations of PFOA, HFBA, and PFTA on cell survival, steatosis, and fibrogenic signaling in liver cell models. Exposure of PFOA and HFBA (10 to 1000 nM) specifically promoted cell survival in HepaRG and HepG2 cells. PFAS increased the expression of TNFα and IL6 inflammatory markers, increased endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and activated unfolded protein response (UPR). Furthermore, PFAS enhanced cell steatosis and fibrosis in HepaRG and HepG2 cells which were accompanied by upregulation of steatosis (SCD1, ACC, SRBP1, and FASN), and fibrosis (TIMP2, p21, TGFβ) biomarkers expression, respectively. RNA-seq data suggested that chronic exposures to PFOA modulated the expression of fatty acid/lipid metabolic genes that are involved in the development of NFALD and fatty liver disease. Collectively our data suggest that acute/chronic physiologically relevant concentrations of PFAS enhance liver cell steatosis and fibrosis by the activation of the UPR pathway and by modulation of NFALD-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qi
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Suryakant Niture
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- NCCU‐RTI Center for Applied Research in Environmental Sciences (CARES)RTI International, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sashi Gadi
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Elena Arthur
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - John Moore
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Keith E. Levine
- NCCU‐RTI Center for Applied Research in Environmental Sciences (CARES)RTI International, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- NCCU‐RTI Center for Applied Research in Environmental Sciences (CARES)RTI International, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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9
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Xing F, Wang M, Ding Z, Zhang J, Ding S, Shi L, Xie Q, Ahmad MJ, Wei Z, Tang L, Liang D, Cao Y, Liu Y. Protective Effect and Mechanism of Melatonin on Cisplatin-Induced Ovarian Damage in Mice. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247383. [PMID: 36555999 PMCID: PMC9784499 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutics' development has enhanced the survival rate of cancer patients; however, adverse effects of chemotherapeutics on ovarian functions cause fertility loss in female cancer patients. Cisplatin (CP), an important chemotherapeutic drug for treating solid tumors, has adversely affected ovarian function. Melatonin (MT) has been shown to have beneficial effects on ovarian function owing to its antioxidative function. In this research, an animal model was established to explore the effect of MT on CP-induced ovarian damage. Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot were also used to explore its mechanism. This study reported that MT protects mouse ovaries from CP-induced damage. Specifically, MT significantly prevented CP-induced ovarian reserve decline by maintaining AMH and BMP15 levels. We also found that MT ameliorated CP-induced cell cycle disorders by up-regulating CDC2 expression, and inhibited CP-induced ovarian inflammation by decreasing IL-1β and IL-18 levels. Moreover, MT protected the ovary from CP-induced mitochondrial damage, as reflected by restoring mitochondria-related protein expression. Furthermore, CP caused ovarian apoptosis, as indicated by up-regulated BAX expression. MT was also shown to activate the MAPK pathway. Our results showed that MT could ameliorate ovarian damage induced by CP, implying that MT may be a viable alternative to preserve female fertility during CP chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Xing
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhiming Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Simin Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lingge Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qinge Xie
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Muhammad Jamil Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (D.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Dan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (D.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (D.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yajing Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (D.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
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