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Gallo LH, Akanda N, Autar K, Patel A, Cox I, Powell HA, Grillo M, Barakat N, Morgan D, Guo X, Hickman JJ. A functional aged human iPSC-cortical neuron model recapitulates Alzheimer's disease, senescence, and the response to therapeutics. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39077965 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The degeneration of cortical layers is associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Current therapies for AD are not disease-modifying, and, despite substantial efforts, research and development for AD has faced formidable challenges. In addition, cellular senescence has emerged as a significant contributor to therapy resistance. METHODS Human iPSC-derived cortical neurons were cultured on microelectrode arrays to measure long-term potentiation (LTP) noninvasively. Neurons were treated with pathogenic amyloid-β (Aβ) to analyze senescence and response to therapeutic molecules. RESULTS Microphysiological recordings revealed Aβ dampened cortical LTP activity and accelerated neuronal senescence. Aging neurons secreted inflammatory factors previously detected in brain, plasma, and cerebral spinal fluid of AD patients, in which drugs modulated senescence-related factors. DISCUSSION This platform measures and records neuronal LTP activity in response to Aβ and therapeutic molecules in real-time. Efficacy data from similar platforms have been accepted by the FDA for neurodegenerative diseases, expediting regulatory submissions. HIGHLIGHTS This work developed a progerontic model of amyloid-β (Aβ)-driven cortical degeneration. This work measured neuronal LTP and correlated function with aging biomarkers. Aβ is a driver of neuronal senescence and cortical degeneration. Molecules rescued neuronal function but did not halt Aβ-driven senescence. Therapeutic molecules modulated secretion of inflammatory factors by aging neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro H Gallo
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Nesar Akanda
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Kaveena Autar
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Hesperos Inc., Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Aakash Patel
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Hesperos Inc., Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Ian Cox
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Haley A Powell
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Marcella Grillo
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Hesperos Inc., Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Natali Barakat
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Dave Morgan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids Research Center, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Xiufang Guo
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - James J Hickman
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Hesperos Inc., Orlando, Florida, USA
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Lemieux MR, Freigassner B, Thathey Z, Opp MR, Hoeffer CA, Link CD. Multielectrode array characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived neurons in co-culture with primary human astrocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.04.583341. [PMID: 38496655 PMCID: PMC10942372 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.583341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived into neurons offer a powerful in vitro model to study cellular processes. One method to characterize functional network properties of these cells is using multielectrode arrays (MEAs). MEAs can measure the electrophysiological activity of cellular cultures for extended periods of time without disruption. Here we used WTC11 hiPSCs with a doxycycline-inducible neurogenin 2 (NGN2) transgene differentiated into neurons co-cultured with primary human astrocytes. We achieved a synchrony index ~0.9 in as little as six-weeks with a mean firing rate of ~13 Hz. Previous reports show that derived 3D brain organoids can take several months to achieve similar strong network burst synchrony. We also used this co-culture to model aspects of sporadic Alzheimer's disease by mimicking blood-brain barrier breakdown using a human serum. Our fully human co-culture achieved strong network burst synchrony in a fraction of the time of previous reports, making it an excellent first pass, high-throughput method for studying network properties and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddie R Lemieux
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder
| | | | - Zahra Thathey
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Mark R Opp
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Charles A Hoeffer
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
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Wang Z, Jin M, Hong W, Liu W, Reczek D, Lagomarsino VN, Hu Y, Weeden T, Frosch MP, Young-Pearse TL, Pradier L, Selkoe D, Walsh DM. Learnings about Aβ from human brain recommend the use of a live-neuron bioassay for the discovery of next generation Alzheimer's disease immunotherapeutics. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:39. [PMID: 36899414 PMCID: PMC10007750 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite ongoing debate, the amyloid β-protein (Aβ) remains the prime therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, rational drug design has been hampered by a lack of knowledge about neuroactive Aβ. To help address this deficit, we developed live-cell imaging of iPSC-derived human neurons (iNs) to study the effects of the most disease relevant form of Aβ-oligomeric assemblies (oAβ) extracted from AD brain. Of ten brains studied, extracts from nine caused neuritotoxicity, and in eight cases this was abrogated by Aβ immunodepletion. Here we show that activity in this bioassay agrees relatively well with disruption of hippocampal long-term potentiation, a correlate of learning and memory, and that measurement of neurotoxic oAβ can be obscured by more abundant non-toxic forms of Aβ. These findings indicate that the development of novel Aβ targeting therapeutics may benefit from unbiased activity-based discovery. To test this principle, we directly compared 5 clinical antibodies (aducanumab, bapineuzumab, BAN2401, gantenerumab, and SAR228810) together with an in-house aggregate-preferring antibody (1C22) and established relative EC50s in protecting human neurons from human Aβ. The results yielded objective numerical data on the potency of each antibody in neutralizing human oAβ neuritotoxicity. Their relative efficacies in this morphological assay were paralleled by their functional ability to rescue oAβ-induced inhibition of hippocampal synaptic plasticity. This novel paradigm provides an unbiased, all-human system for selecting candidate antibodies for advancement to human immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Wang
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ming Jin
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wei Hong
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David Reczek
- Sanofi-Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
| | - Valentina N Lagomarsino
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yuan Hu
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tim Weeden
- Sanofi-Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- Massachusetts General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Tracy L Young-Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Dennis Selkoe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Dominic M Walsh
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Wang H, Brown PC, Chow EC, Ewart L, Ferguson SS, Fitzpatrick S, Freedman BS, Guo GL, Hedrich W, Heyward S, Hickman J, Isoherranen N, Li AP, Liu Q, Mumenthaler SM, Polli J, Proctor WR, Ribeiro A, Wang J, Wange RL, Huang S. 3D cell culture models: Drug pharmacokinetics, safety assessment, and regulatory consideration. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:1659-1680. [PMID: 33982436 PMCID: PMC8504835 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonclinical testing has served as a foundation for evaluating potential risks and effectiveness of investigational new drugs in humans. However, the current two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture systems cannot accurately depict and simulate the rich environment and complex processes observed in vivo, whereas animal studies present significant drawbacks with inherited species-specific differences and low throughput for increased demands. To improve the nonclinical prediction of drug safety and efficacy, researchers continue to develop novel models to evaluate and promote the use of improved cell- and organ-based assays for more accurate representation of human susceptibility to drug response. Among others, the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models present physiologically relevant cellular microenvironment and offer great promise for assessing drug disposition and pharmacokinetics (PKs) that influence drug safety and efficacy from an early stage of drug development. Currently, there are numerous different types of 3D culture systems, from simple spheroids to more complicated organoids and organs-on-chips, and from single-cell type static 3D models to cell co-culture 3D models equipped with microfluidic flow control as well as hybrid 3D systems that combine 2D culture with biomedical microelectromechanical systems. This article reviews the current application and challenges of 3D culture systems in drug PKs, safety, and efficacy assessment, and provides a focused discussion and regulatory perspectives on the liver-, intestine-, kidney-, and neuron-based 3D cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Paul C. Brown
- Center for Drug Evaluation and ResearchUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Edwin C.Y. Chow
- Office of Clinical PharmacologyOffice of Translational SciencesCenter for Drug Evaluation and ResearchUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | | | - Stephen S. Ferguson
- Division of the National Toxicology ProgramNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Suzanne Fitzpatrick
- Office of the Center DirectorCenter for Food Safety and Applied NutritionUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Benjamin S. Freedman
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of PathologyKidney Research Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Grace L. Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyErnest Mario School of PharmacyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - William Hedrich
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Metabolism and PharmacokineticsBristol‐Myers Squibb CompanyPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - James Hickman
- NanoScience Technology CenterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Nina Isoherranen
- Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of PharmacyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Albert P. Li
- In Vitro ADMET LaboratoriesColumbiaMarylandUSA
- In Vitro ADMET LaboratoriesMaldenMassachusettsUSA
| | - Qi Liu
- Office of Clinical PharmacologyOffice of Translational SciencesCenter for Drug Evaluation and ResearchUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Shannon M. Mumenthaler
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - James Polli
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - William R. Proctor
- Predictive Toxicology, Safety AssessmentGenentech, IncSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexandre Ribeiro
- Office of Clinical PharmacologyOffice of Translational SciencesCenter for Drug Evaluation and ResearchUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Jian‐Ying Wang
- Department of SurgeryCell Biology GroupUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ronald L. Wange
- Center for Drug Evaluation and ResearchUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Shiew‐Mei Huang
- Office of Clinical PharmacologyOffice of Translational SciencesCenter for Drug Evaluation and ResearchUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
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