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Singh SK, Kumar R, Mathur M, Kamboj H, Kaushik JK, Mohanty AK, Kumar S. Exploring aptamers for targeted enrichment of X sperm in bovine: unraveling selective potential. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2323592. [PMID: 38770771 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2323592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers have been used in the past for the development of diagnostic methods against a number of targets such as bacteria, pesticides, cancer cells etc. In the present study, six rounds of Cell-SELEX were performed on a ssDNA aptamer library against X-enriched sperm cells from Sahiwal breed cattle. Sequencing was used to examine the aptamer sequences that shown affinity for sperm carrying the X chromosome in order to find any possible X-sperm-specific sequences. Out of 35 identified sequences, 14 were selected based on bioinformatics analysis like G-Score and Mfold structures. Further validation of their specificity was done via fluorescence microscopy. The interaction of biotinylated-aptamer with sperm was also determined by visualizing the binding of streptavidin coated magnetic beads on the head region of the sperm under bright field microscopy. Finally, a real-time experiment was designed for the validation of X-sperm enrichment by synthesized aptamer sequences. Among the studied sequences, aptamer 29a exhibited a higher affinity for X sperm compared to Y sperm in a mixed population of sperm cells. By using aptamer sequence 29a, we obtained an enrichment of 70% for X chromosome bearing sperm cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manya Mathur
- National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR), Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Himanshu Kamboj
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar Mohanty
- National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR), Karnal, Haryana, India
- Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR), Karnal, Haryana, India
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Kameni SL, Dlamini NH, Feugang JM. Exploring the full potential of sperm function with nanotechnology tools. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20240033. [PMID: 39176004 PMCID: PMC11340799 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sperm quality is essential to guarantee the success of assisted reproduction. However, selecting high-quality sperm and maintaining it during (cryo)preservation for high efficiency remains challenging in livestock reproduction. A comprehensive understanding of sperm biology allows for better assessment of sperm quality, which could replace conventional sperm analyses used today to predict fertility with low accuracy. Omics approaches have revealed numerous biomarkers associated with various sperm phenotypic traits such as quality, survival during storage, freezability, and fertility. At the same time, nanotechnology is emerging as a new biotechnology with high potential for use in preparing sperm intended to improve reproduction in livestock. The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles make them exciting tools for targeting (e.g., sperm damage and sexing) and non-targeting bioapplications. Recent advances in sperm biology have led to the discovery of numerous biomarkers, making it possible to target specific subpopulations of spermatozoa within the ejaculate. In this review, we explore potential biomarkers associated with sperm phenotypes and highlight the benefits of combining these biomarkers with nanoparticles to further improve sperm preparation and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Leugoué Kameni
- Mississippi State University, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Notsile Hleliwe Dlamini
- Mississippi State University, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Jean Magloire Feugang
- Mississippi State University, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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3
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Mikkola M, Desmet KLJ, Kommisrud E, Riegler MA. Recent advancements to increase success in assisted reproductive technologies in cattle. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20240031. [PMID: 39176005 PMCID: PMC11340803 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are fundamental for cattle breeding and sustainable food production. Together with genomic selection, these technologies contribute to reducing the generation interval and accelerating genetic progress. In this paper, we discuss advancements in technologies used in the fertility evaluation of breeding animals, and the collection, processing, and preservation of the gametes. It is of utmost importance for the breeding industry to select dams and sires of the next generation as young as possible, as is the efficient and timely collection of gametes. There is a need for reliable and easily applicable methods to evaluate sexual maturity and fertility. Although gametes processing and preservation have been improved in recent decades, challenges are still encountered. The targeted use of sexed semen and beef semen has obliterated the production of surplus replacement heifers and bull calves from dairy breeds, markedly improving animal welfare and ethical considerations in production practices. Parallel with new technologies, many well-established technologies remain relevant, although with evolving applications. In vitro production (IVP) has become the predominant method of embryo production. Although fundamental improvements in IVP procedures have been established, the quality of IVP embryos remains inferior to their in vivo counterparts. Improvements to facilitate oocyte maturation and development of new culture systems, e.g. microfluidics, are presented in this paper. New non-invasive and objective tools are needed to select embryos for transfer. Cryopreservation of semen and embryos plays a pivotal role in the distribution of genetics, and we discuss the challenges and opportunities in this field. Finally, machine learning (ML) is gaining ground in agriculture and ART. This paper delves into the utilization of emerging technologies in ART, along with the current status, key challenges, and future prospects of ML in both research and practical applications within ART.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisabeth Kommisrud
- CRESCO, Centre for Embryology and Healthy Development, Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Michael A. Riegler
- Holistic Systems Department, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
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Ngcobo JN, Nedambale TL, Sithole SM, Mtileni B, Mpofu TJ, Ramukhithi FV, Chokoe TC, Nephawe KA. A systematic review on the prospects of X- and Y-sexed semen in ruminant livestock: implications for conservation, a South African perspective. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1384768. [PMID: 38655533 PMCID: PMC11037082 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1384768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
South Africa is home to numerous indigenous and locally developed sheep (Nguni Pedi, Zulu, and Namaqua Afrikaner, Afrino, Africander, Bezuidenhout Africander, Damara, Dorper, Döhne Merino, Meat Master, South African Merino, South African Mutton Merino, Van Rooy, and Dorper), goat (SA veld, Tankwa, Imbuzi, Bantu, Boer, and Savanna) and cattle (Afrigus, Afrikaner, Bolowana, Bonsmara, Bovelder, Drakensberger, South African Angus, South African Dairy Swiss, South African Friesland, South African Red, and Veld Master) animals. These breeds require less veterinary service, feed, management efforts, provide income to rural and or poor owners. However, most of them are under extinction risks and some with unknown status hence, require immediate conservation intervention. To allow faster genetic progress on the endangered animals, it is important to generate productive animals while reducing wastages and this can be achieved through sex-sorted semen. Therefore, this systematic review is aimed to evaluate the prospects of X and Y-sexed semen in ruminant livestock and some solutions that can be used to address poor sex-sorted semen and its fertility. This review was incorporated through gathering and assessing relevant articles and through the data from the DAD-IS database. The keywords that were used to search articles online were pre-gender selection, indigenous ecotypes, fertility, flow cytometry, artificial insemination, conservation, and improving sexed semen. Following a careful review of all articles, PRISMA guidelines were used to find the articles that are suitable to address the aim of this review. Sex-sorted semen is a recently introduced technology gaining more attention from researchers particularly, in the conservation programs. Preselection of semen based on the sex chromosomes (X- and or Y-bearing chromosomes) is of paramount importance to obtain desired sex of the offspring and avoid animal wastage as much as possible. However, diverse factors can affect quality of semen of different animal species especially after sex-sorting. Flow cytometry is a common method used to select male and female sperm cells and discard dead and abnormal sperm cells during the process. Thus, sperm sexing is a good advanced reproductive technology (ART) however, it is associated with the production of oxidative stress (OS) and DNA fragmentation (SDF). These findings, therefore, necessitates more innovation studies to come up with a sexing technology that will protect sperm cell injuries during sorting in frozen-thawed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sindisiwe Mbali Sithole
- Germplasm, Conservation, Reproductive Biotechnologies, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Bohani Mtileni
- Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Takalani Judas Mpofu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Tlou Caswel Chokoe
- Department of Agriculture, Land Reform, and Rural Development, Directorate Farm Animal Genetic Resource, Pretoria, South Africa
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Pinto-Pinho P, Soares J, Esteves P, Pinto-Leite R, Fardilha M, Colaço B. Comparative Bioinformatic Analysis of the Proteomes of Rabbit and Human Sex Chromosomes. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:217. [PMID: 38254386 PMCID: PMC10812427 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Studying proteins associated with sex chromosomes can provide insights into sex-specific proteins. Membrane proteins accessible through the cell surface may serve as excellent targets for diagnostic, therapeutic, or even technological purposes, such as sperm sexing technologies. In this context, proteins encoded by sex chromosomes have the potential to become targets for X- or Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa. Due to the limited availability of proteomic studies on rabbit spermatozoa and poorly annotated databases for rabbits compared to humans, a bioinformatic analysis of the available rabbit X chromosome proteome (RX), as well as the human X (HX) and Y (HY) chromosomes proteome, was conducted to identify potential targets that could be accessible from the cell surface and predict which of the potential targets identified in humans might also exist in rabbits. We identified 100, 211, and 3 proteins associated with the plasma membrane or cell surface for RX, HX, and HY, respectively, of which 61, 132, and 3 proteins exhibit potential as targets as they were predicted to be accessible from the cell surface. Cross-referencing the potential HX targets with the rabbit proteome revealed an additional 60 proteins with the potential to be RX targets, resulting in a total of 121 potential RX targets. In addition, at least 53 possible common HX and RX targets have been previously identified in human spermatozoa, emphasizing their potential as targets of X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa. Further proteomic studies on rabbit sperm will be essential to identify and validate the usefulness of these proteins for application in rabbit sperm sorting techniques as targets of X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pinto-Pinho
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Genetics and Andrology, Hospital Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, E.P.E., 5000-508 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Soares
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (P.E.)
- Center for Research in Advanced Computing Systems, Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (CRACS—INESC TEC), 4150-179 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Esteves
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (P.E.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIBIO—Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Rosário Pinto-Leite
- Laboratory of Genetics and Andrology, Hospital Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, E.P.E., 5000-508 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Thongkham M, Saenjaiban A, Jantanasakulwong K, Pattanawong W, Arjin C, Hongsibsong S, Rachtanapun P, Sringarm K. New insights from poly-lactic acid and ionomer films coupled with recombinant antibodies for processing sexed-sorting bovine sperm. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128425. [PMID: 38008136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the efficacy of ionomers and poly-lactic acid (PLA) as an alternative solid material combined with scFv antibodies specific to bovine Y-sperm (Y-scFv) was studied to create a novel method of sexing technology. The coupling efficiency of Y-scFv to the surface of PLA, Na+ and Zn2+ ionomer film was between 2 and 8 mg/mL. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirm that Y-scFv was bound with a carboxylic acid group in each film. Therefore, Na+, Zn2+ ionomers and PLA films conjugated with 4 and 8 mg/mL Y-scFv showed the highest concentration of Y-sperm in the eluted fraction. Considering that the elute fraction was enriched Y-sperm fraction, it contained 67.70-77.94 % of the Y-sperm ratio related to the produced supernatant fraction, which contained up to 69.31-76.01 % enriched X-sperm. In addition, the sperm quality after the sexing process was analyzed by CASA and imaging flow cytometry, which showed that each polymer did not have a negative effect on sperm motility and acrosome integrity for X-sperm. The capacity of ionomer and PLA combined with Y-scFv are used for bovine sperm sexing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marninphan Thongkham
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Aphisit Saenjaiban
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (International Program/Interdisciplinary), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Pattanawong
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Chaiwat Arjin
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Valorization and Bio-Green Transformation for Translational Research Innovation of Raw Materials and Products, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand
| | - Surat Hongsibsong
- Cluster of Valorization and Bio-Green Transformation for Translational Research Innovation of Raw Materials and Products, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand; School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Valorization and Bio-Green Transformation for Translational Research Innovation of Raw Materials and Products, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
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Uhm SJ, Heo YT, Yu DM, Kim DK, Gupta MK. Pre-implantation development of cattle embryos produced from fresh bull semen enriched for X- chromosome-bearing spermatozoa using a monoclonal antibody. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:2101-2109. [PMID: 37432602 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10160-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Immunological approaches are gaining attention as a convenient and economical method for sex-sorting mammalian spermatozoa. A monoclonal antibody (WholeMom™) has previously been reported to cause agglutination of Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in frozen-thawed semen for gender preselection. However, its usefulness for gender preselection in fresh semen and subsequent in vitro fertilization (IVF) after freeze-thawing has not been reported. This study investigated the in vitro development of cattle embryos produced from fresh bull semen pre-treated with WholeMom™ monoclonal antibody. Results showed that antibody-treated, non-agglutinated spermatozoa (presumably X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa) could fertilize cattle oocytes in vitro. However, embryos generated from non-agglutinated (enriched in X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa) had a lower (p < 0.05) ability to cleave (66.4 ± 2.5% vs. 75.1 ± 3.3%) than those of non-treated control sperm. Nevertheless, the percentage of blastocysts developed from cleaved embryos did not differ (p > 0.05) between the groups (34.8 ± 3.7% vs. 35.8 ± 3.4%). Duplex PCR of blastocysts, using a bovine-specific universal primer pair and a Y-chromosome-specific primer pair, showed a sex ratio of 95.8% females from sex-sorted spermatozoa, which was higher than those of non-treated control spermatozoa (46.4%). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that monoclonal antibody-based enrichment of X- chromosome-bearing spermatozoa can be applied to fresh bull semen without compromising their post-fertilization early embryonic development to the blastocyst stage. Future studies should investigate the term development and sex ratio of calves from antibody-treated spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Uhm
- Department of Animal Science, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Tae Heo
- Department of Companion Animal, Catholic Sangji College, Andong, 36686, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Yu
- Hoengseong Chukhyeop, 337, Hoengseong-Ro, Hoengseong, 25235, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ku Kim
- Nuri Science Inc, Hanam TechnoValley U1 Center, Hanam-daero, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, D-1314947, 12982, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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Quelhas J, Pinto-Pinho P, Lopes G, Rocha A, Pinto-Leite R, Fardilha M, Colaço B. Sustainable animal production: exploring the benefits of sperm sexing technologies in addressing critical industry challenges. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10. [PMID: 38076548 PMCID: PMC10704908 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1181659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The sex of the animals is of paramount importance in many animal production systems. This is particularly evident in the production of milk or in breeding programs focused on the production of female animals. In some cases, slaughter or euthanasia of animals of the unwanted sex becomes the only solution, highlighting ethical and economic concerns. As global demand for food continues to rise, the importance of addressing these issues becomes more evident. Reproductive technologies, such as sperm sexing techniques, may hold the key to addressing both animal welfare and the sustainability of animal production. The use of semen enriched with sperm capable of producing offspring of the desired sex can serve as a valuable tool for producers to exert greater control over production outcomes, not only helping to mitigate welfare issues related to the unnecessary premature death of unwanted offspring but also providing a possible ally in the face of stricter animal welfare guidelines. In addition, sexed semen can also contribute to financial gains and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and food waste associated with the less profitable part of the herd. This paper explores the positive impacts that sperm sexing can have on animal welfare, economy, and environment. It also discusses currently available options and strategies for more successful implementation of sexed semen. Partnerships between companies and scientists will be essential to find innovative ways to adapt current production systems and develop sperm sexing technologies that apply to most livestock industries.
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Pinto-Pinho P, Ferreira AF, Pinto-Leite R, Fardilha M, Colaço B. The History and Prospects of Rabbit Sperm Sexing. Vet Sci 2023; 10:509. [PMID: 37624296 PMCID: PMC10459625 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm sex selection is a longstanding challenge in the field of animal reproduction. The cuniculture industry, in particular producers of males or females for breeding purposes, would greatly benefit from the pre-selection of the offspring's sex. This review article overviews the current and future developments in rabbit sperm sexing technologies, as well as the implications of implementing these methodologies in cuniculture. The first attempts of sperm sexing were performed in rabbits; however, a both efficient and cost-effective methodology was not yet developed for this species. Those included sperm sexing according to differences in sperm density, surface electric charge, pH susceptibility, antisera reaction, and flow cytometry. Separation by flow cytometry has proven to be efficient in rabbits, yielding fractions with approximately 81% and 86% purity for X- and Y-sperm, respectively. However, it is not cost-effective for cuniculture and decreases sperm quality. The advantages, limitations, and practical considerations of each method are presented, highlighting their applicability and efficiency. Furthermore, herein we explore the potential of immunological-based techniques that overcome some of the limitations of earlier methods, as well as recent advancements in sperm sexing technologies in other animal models, which could be applied to rabbits. Finally, the challenges associated with the development and widespread implementation of rabbit sperm sexing technologies are addressed. By understanding the advantages and limitations of existing and emerging methods, researchers can direct their efforts towards the most promising directions, ultimately contributing to a more efficient, profitable, and sustainable cuniculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pinto-Pinho
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Genetics and Andrology, Hospital Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, E.P.E, 5000-508 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Experimental Pathology and Terapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana F. Ferreira
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Rosário Pinto-Leite
- Laboratory of Genetics and Andrology, Hospital Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, E.P.E, 5000-508 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Experimental Pathology and Terapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
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10
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Muñoz E, Castro M, Aguila L, Contreras MJ, Fuentes F, Arias ME, Felmer R. Standardization of a Sex-Sorting Protocol for Stallion Spermatozoa by Means of Absolute RT-qPCR. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11947. [PMID: 37569324 PMCID: PMC10419253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm sexing is a technology that can generate great economic benefits in the animal production sector. Techniques such as sex-sorting promise over 90% accuracy in sperm sexing. However, for the correct standardization of the technique, some laboratory methodologies are required. The present manuscript describes in detail a standardized equine sperm sex-sorting protocol using an absolute qPCR-based methodology. Furthermore, the results of absolute qPCR were implemented and validated by generating equine/bovine heterologous embryos by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of presumably sexed equine spermatozoa into bovine oocytes using a piezoelectric system (Piezo-ICSI). Our results indicated that equine sex-sorting spermatozoa had a 97% and 94% certainty for X and Y sperm, respectively, while presumptive female and male equine/bovine hybrid embryos, generated by Piezo-ICSI, had an accuracy of 92% with respect to the desired sex. Therefore, it is concluded that the presented methodology is a reliable, cost-effective, and relatively simple option for standardizing sex-sorting of equine spermatozoa. This is supported by the results of the correct sexing of Piezo-ICSI heterologous embryos generated with the sexed spermatozoa, validating the correct sexing and viability of these gametes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Muñoz
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, P.O. Box 54-D, Chile; (E.M.); (M.C.); (L.A.); (M.J.C.); (F.F.); (M.E.A.)
- Doctoral Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco P.O. Box 54-D, Chile
| | - Macarena Castro
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, P.O. Box 54-D, Chile; (E.M.); (M.C.); (L.A.); (M.J.C.); (F.F.); (M.E.A.)
- Master of Science Program with Mention in Biology of Reproduction, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco P.O. Box 54-D, Chile
| | - Luis Aguila
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, P.O. Box 54-D, Chile; (E.M.); (M.C.); (L.A.); (M.J.C.); (F.F.); (M.E.A.)
| | - María José Contreras
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, P.O. Box 54-D, Chile; (E.M.); (M.C.); (L.A.); (M.J.C.); (F.F.); (M.E.A.)
- Doctoral Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco P.O. Box 54-D, Chile
| | - Fernanda Fuentes
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, P.O. Box 54-D, Chile; (E.M.); (M.C.); (L.A.); (M.J.C.); (F.F.); (M.E.A.)
- Doctoral Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco P.O. Box 54-D, Chile
| | - María Elena Arias
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, P.O. Box 54-D, Chile; (E.M.); (M.C.); (L.A.); (M.J.C.); (F.F.); (M.E.A.)
- Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco P.O. Box 54-D, Chile
| | - Ricardo Felmer
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, P.O. Box 54-D, Chile; (E.M.); (M.C.); (L.A.); (M.J.C.); (F.F.); (M.E.A.)
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco P.O. Box 54-D, Chile
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Priyanto L, Herdis H, Santoso S, Anwar RI, Priyatno TP, Sitaresmi PI, Azhari F, Gunawan M, Putranti OD. The reproductive success of Simmental bovine after sex-sorting under various incubation and centrifugation protocols. Vet World 2023; 16:631-637. [PMID: 37041831 PMCID: PMC10082749 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.631-637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: To enhance the reproductive potential and increase productivity and population of cows, spermatozoa sex-sorting technology is required. This study aimed to examine the effect of sexing sperm, separated using a bovine serum albumin (BSA) column with varying incubation durations and centrifugation methods, for successful artificial insemination.
Materials and Methods: Six Simmental bulls and 30 cows (n = 30) as the recipients were selected for this study at Balai Pembibitaan Hijauan Pakan Ternak Sembawa Indonesia. The study parameters included sperm motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and conception rate (CR). The experiment was divided into three protocols to find out differences in some parameters: (1) BSA incubation time effect (P) with P1 (40 min), P2 (50 min), and P3 (60 min); (2) freezing time effect with before freezing and after-thawing treatments; and (3) CR determined by measuring the proportion of pregnant cows following insemination with non-sexed, X-bearing, and Y-bearing sperms without centrifugation (n = 15) (A0, A1, and A2) and with centrifugation (n = 15) (B0, B1, and B2) in the acquired data, which were counted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 program. Analysis of variance was utilized to evaluate all treatments at various levels.
Results: The results demonstrated that centrifugation time influenced all sperm quality metrics for sperm containing X and Y (p < 0.05). The non-return rate (NRR) of non-sexed frozen semen, both centrifuged (A0) and not centrifuged (B0), was more significant than frozen semen produced by sexing X and Y spermatozoa. The NRR indicated a value of 80% based on the number of lactating cows.
Conclusion: Bovine serum albumin incubation and centrifugation protocols influenced and decreased all sperm quality indicators throughout the sexing procedure and could still be used as a sexing protocol. Furthermore, regarding NRR and service per conception, non-sexual treatment is superior to sexing treatment.
Keywords: bovine serum albumin, centrifugated, conception rate, incubation, sexing, sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langgeng Priyanto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, South Sumatra, 30862, Indonesia
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
- Corresponding author: Langgeng Priyanto, e-mail: Co-authors: HH: , SS: , RIA: , TPP: , PIS: , FA: , MG: , ODP:
| | - Herdis Herdis
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
| | - Santoso Santoso
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
| | - Rahma Isartina Anwar
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
| | - Tri Puji Priyatno
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
| | - Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
| | - Faiz Azhari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, South Sumatra, 30862, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Gunawan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
| | - Oktora Dwi Putranti
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry of Universitas Khairun, Ternate, North Maluku, Indonesia
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Pu X, Wu W, Yang D, Zhang Q, Fan X, Du Y, Zu L, Xu Y, Sun C, Zhao K. Rapid, visual and highly sensitive sexing of bovine embryos by recombinase polymerase amplification with CFI staining. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14116. [PMID: 36923860 PMCID: PMC10009442 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Early bovine embryo sexing both increases the number of offspring of the desired sex, and reduces the subsequent costs of processing unwanted offspring of the opposite sex. The need for cattle of different sexes varies from industry to industry, and a range of tools have been set up to meet this need, but most are energy- and time-consuming, hence it is important to establish a fast and convenient method for bovine embryo determination. Herein, we established a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) method combined with CFI dye (RPA-CFI) for sexing of bovine embryos. The assay is highly sensitive, specific, rapid and simple; it can be carried out in only 5 min at 37 °C in a metal bath, and results are visualised using a fluorescent colorimeter. Highly specific male-female common and male-specific primers were designed based on the 1399 bp repeating unit of bovine 1.715 satellite DNA and the male-specific S4 repeating sequence, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of RPA-CFI with male-female common primers was 1 pg/μL, and the LOD with male-specific primers was 2 pg/μL. RPA-CFI could determine the sex of bovine embryos from only two cells. This is the first report using RPA-CFI for sex determination of bovine embryos. The assay could be applied to other economically important animals to improve efficiency in livestock industries. Additionally, the assay could relieve pressure on food demand due to human population growth, and contribute to economic development of global stockbreeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Pu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Dan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiaorui Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yanan Du
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Liujing Zu
- Shanghai Bio-full Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Chuanwen Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
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Huang M, Cao X, He Q, Yang H, Chen Y, Zhao J, Ma H, Kang J, Liu J, Quang F. Alkaline semen diluent combined with R848 for separation and enrichment of dairy goat X-sperm. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:10020-10032. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Antibody-Conjugated Magnetic Beads for Sperm Sexing Using a Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotube Microfluidic Device. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030426. [PMID: 35334718 PMCID: PMC8955769 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes a microfluidic device used for X-/Y-sperm separation based on monoclonal antibody-conjugated magnetic beads, which become positively charged in the flow system. Y-sperms were selectively captured via a monoclonal antibody and transferred onto the microfluidic device and were discarded, so that X-sperms can be isolated and commercially exploited for fertilization demands of female cattle in dairy industry. Therefore, the research team used monoclonal antibody-conjugated magnetic beads to increase the force that causes the Y-sperm to be pulled out of the system, leaving only the X-sperm for further use. The experimental design was divided into the following: Model 1, the microfluid system for sorting positive magnetic beads, which yielded 100% separation; Model 2, the sorting of monoclonal antibody-conjugated magnetic beads in the fluid system, yielding 98.84% microcirculation; Model 3, the sorting of monoclonal antibody-conjugated magnetic beads with sperm in the microfluid system, yielding 80.12% microcirculation. Moreover, the fabrication microfluidic system had thin film electrodes created via UV lithography and MWCNTs electrode structure capable of erecting an electrode wall 1500 µm above the floor with a flow channel width of only 100 µm. The system was tested using a constant flow rate of 2 µL/min and X-/Y-sperm were separated using carbon nanotube electrodes at 2.5 V. The structure created with the use of vertical electrodes and monoclonal antibody-conjugated magnetic beads technique produced a higher effective rejection effect and was able to remove a large number of unwanted sperm from the system with 80.12% efficiency.
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Abstract
Sperm selection in the female reproductive tract (FRT) is sophisticated. Only about 1,000 sperm out of millions in an ejaculate reach the fallopian tube and thus have a chance of fertilizing an oocyte. In assisted reproduction techniques, sperm are usually selected using their density or motility, characteristics that do not reflect their fertilization competence and, therefore, might result in failure to fertilize the oocyte. Although sperm processing in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intrauterine insemination (IUI) bypasses many of the selection processes in the FRT, selection by the cumulus mass and the zona pellucida remain intact. By contrast, the direct injection of a sperm into an oocyte in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) bypasses all natural selection barriers and, therefore, increases the risk of transferring paternal defects such as fragmented DNA and genomic abnormalities in sperm to the resulting child. Research into surrogate markers of fertilization potential and into simulating the natural sperm selection processes has progressed. However, methods of sperm isolation - such as hyaluronic acid-based selection and microfluidic isolation based on sperm tactic responses - use only one or two parameters and are not comparable with the multistep sperm selection processes naturally occurring within the FRT. Fertilization-competent sperm require a panel of molecules, including zona pellucida-binding proteins and ion channel proteins, that enable them to progress through the FRT to achieve fertilization. The optimal artificial sperm selection method will, therefore, probably need to use a multiparameter tool that incorporates the molecular signature of sperm with high fertilization potential, and their responses to external cues, within a microfluidic system that can replicate the physiological processes of the FRT in vitro.
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