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Gultom DA, Effendy E. Case Report: Somatoform Autonomic Dysfunction-Urogenital System. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Somatoform autonomic dysfunction is characterized by symptoms that are autonomically perceived to appear from a particular organic disorders in which those symptoms can not be explained by any medical reasoning. In individuals with urogenital somatoform autonomic dysfunction, frequent urination accompanied with lower abdominal pain are common and treatment strategy is usually based on psychodynamic intervention.
Case Report: Ms. A 28 year old woman visited Psychiatry outpatient clinic in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital due to increased urination frequency, accompanied with lower abdominal pain. Interestingly, she also brought us her physical and laboratory (including urinary test) which all showed normal result. Ms. A is a cosmetologist, selling cosmetic products in department store and currently single. When we explored further about her childhood, she admitted that she has always been very neat and that her mother is very strict about tidiness and cleanliness.
Conclusion: Ms. A was diagnosed with somatoform autonomic dysfunction. The fact that she is still single while her younger sister is already in a relationship could be a stressor for her. From psychodynamic point of view, Ms. A uses regression as a coping method. Pharmacotherapy as well as psychotherapy were used.
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Rana T, Behl T, Sehgal A, Srivastava P, Bungau S. Unfolding the Role of BDNF as a Biomarker for Treatment of Depression. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:2008-2021. [PMID: 33230708 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a well-known disabling mental illness characterized by sadness, loss of interest in activities, and decreased energy. The symptoms of depression are usually recurrent in vulnerable individuals, and persistence of symptoms significantly impairs individuals' quality of life. The exact pathophysiology of depression remains ambiguous, though many hypotheses have been proposed. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has recently been reported to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of depression. BDNF is an important neurotrophic factor found in the human brain and is involved in neuronal growth and proliferation, synaptic neurotransmission, and neuroplasticity. The neurotrophic theory of depression proposes that depression results from reduced BDNF levels in the brain, which can be treated with antidepressants to alleviate depressive behavior and increase BDNF levels. The aim of this review is to provide broad insight into the role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of depression and in antidepressant therapy. The studies mentioned in this review article greatly support the role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of depression and treatment of this disorder with antidepressants. Since abnormalities in BDNF levels lead to the production of diverse insults that amplify the development or progression of depression, it is important to study and explore BDNF impairment in relation to depression, neuroplasticity, and neurogenesis, and increasing BDNF levels through antidepressant therapy, showing positive response in the management of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarapati Rana
- Government Pharmacy College, Seraj, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Government Pharmacy College, Seraj, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Jin Y, Sun LH, Yang W, Cui RJ, Xu SB. The Role of BDNF in the Neuroimmune Axis Regulation of Mood Disorders. Front Neurol 2019; 10:515. [PMID: 31231295 PMCID: PMC6559010 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroimmune system plays a crucial role in the regulation of mood disorders. Moreover, recent studies show that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, is a key regulator in the neuroimmune axis. However, the potential mechanism of BDNF action in the neuroimmune axis' regulation of mood disorders remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the recent progress of BDNF in influencing mood disorders, by participating in alterations of the neuroimmune axis. This may provide evidence for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Hua Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ran Ji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Song Bai Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Goldberg SB, Tucker RP, Greene PA, Davidson RJ, Kearney DJ, Simpson TL. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for the treatment of current depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis. Cogn Behav Ther 2019; 48:445-462. [PMID: 30732534 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2018.1556330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) appears to be a promising intervention for the prevention of relapse in major depressive disorder, but its efficacy in patients with current depressive symptoms is less clear. Randomized clinical trials of MBCT for adult patients with current depressive symptoms were included (k = 13, N = 1046). Comparison conditions were coded based on whether they were intended to be therapeutic (specific active controls) or not (non-specific controls). MBCT was superior to non-specific controls at post-treatment (k = 10, d = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.47, 0.96]), although not at longest follow-up (k = 2, d = 1.47, [-0.71, 3.65], mean follow-up = 5.70 months across all studies with follow-up). MBCT did not differ from other active therapies at post-treatment (k = 6, d = 0.002, [-0.43, 0.44]) and longest follow-up (k = 4, d = 0.26, [-0.24, 0.75]). There was some evidence that studies with higher methodological quality showed smaller effects at post-treatment, but no evidence that effects varied by inclusion criterion. The impact of publication bias appeared minimal. MBCT seems to be efficacious for samples with current depressive symptoms at post-treatment, although a limited number of studies tested the long-term effects of this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon B Goldberg
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison , WI , USA.,Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin - Madison , WI , USA.,VA Puget Sound Health Care System , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Raymond P Tucker
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | | | - Richard J Davidson
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin - Madison , WI , USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison , WI , USA
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Lai ST, Lim KS, Low WY, Tang V. Positive psychological interventions for neurological disorders: A systematic review. Clin Neuropsychol 2018; 33:490-518. [DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2018.1489562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Tim Lai
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kheng-Seang Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Neurology Laboratory, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wah-Yun Low
- Research Management Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Venus Tang
- Department of Clinical Psychology,Prince of Wales Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Division of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Weber B, Sala L, Gex-Fabry M, Docteur A, Gorwood P, Cordera P, Bondolfi G, Jermann F, Aubry JM, Mirabel-Sarron C. Self-Reported Long-Term Benefits of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Patients with Bipolar Disorder. J Altern Complement Med 2017; 23:534-540. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Weber
- Mood Disorders Unit, Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Anxiety Disorders Program, Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Loretta Sala
- CMME (Hôpital Sainte-Anne), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Gex-Fabry
- Mood Disorders Unit, Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Docteur
- CMME (Hôpital Sainte-Anne), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Philip Gorwood
- CMME (Hôpital Sainte-Anne), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- INSERM U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Cordera
- Anxiety Disorders Program, Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Guido Bondolfi
- Anxiety Disorders Program, Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Françoise Jermann
- Mood Disorders Unit, Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Anxiety Disorders Program, Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Aubry
- Mood Disorders Unit, Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Rayan AHR. Mindfulness, Quality of Life, and Severity of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2017; 55:40-50. [DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20170420-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The article reviews the recent evidence for mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for patients with residual depressive symptoms or in remitted patients at increased risk for relapse. RECENT FINDINGS Randomized controlled trials have shifted focus from comparing MBCT with treatment-as-usual to comparing MBCT against interventions. These studies have provided evidence for the efficacy of MBCT on par with maintenance antidepressant pharmacotherapy and leading to a relative reduction of risk on the order of 30-40%. Perhaps fuelled by these data, recent efforts have focused on extending MBCT to novel populations, such as acutely depressed patients, those diagnosed with health anxiety, social anxiety, fibromyalgia, or multiple chemical sensitivities as well migrating MBCT to online platforms so that it is more widely available. Neuroimaging studies of patients in structured therapies which feature mindfulness meditation, have reported findings that parallel behavioral changes, such as increased activation in brain regions subsuming self-focus and emotion regulation (prefrontal cortex) and interoceptive awareness (insula). SUMMARY The current evidence base for MBCT is strongest for its application as a prophylactic intervention or for residual depressive symptoms, with early data suggesting additional indications outside the mood disorders. Future work will need to address dose-effect relationships between mindfulness practice and clinical benefits, as well as establishing the rates of uptake for online MBCT so that its benefits can be compared to in-person groups. Additionally, validating current or novel neural markers of MBCT treatment response will allow for patient matching and optimization of treatment response.
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