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Huang S, Xie J, Lei S, Fan P, Zhang C, Huang Z. CircDUSP1 regulates tumor growth, metastasis, and paclitaxel sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer by targeting miR-761/DACT2 signaling axis. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:450-463. [PMID: 36562476 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer TNBC) is a malignant tumor with high incidence and high mortality that threaten the health of women worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of noncoding RNAs that participate in the biological processes of various tumors, but the regulatory roles of circRNAs in TNBC have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the expression and characterization of circDUSP1 was detected via quantitative real-time PCR, nuclear-cytoplasmic fractionation assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Then, in vitro and in vivo functional experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of circDUSP1 in TNBC. The interaction among circDUSP1, miR-761, DACT2 were confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation experiments. We identified the circRNA named circDUSP1 that was inversely correlated with tumorigenesis and progression in TNBC. Overexpression of circDUSP1 significantly attenuated cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, while increased the sensitivity of TNBC cells to paclitaxel. In-depth mechanism analysis indicated that circDUSP1 acts as an endogenous sponge of miR-761 to reduce its suppression on target gene DACT2 expression in TNBC. Upregulation of miR-761 or downregulation of DACT2 partially reversed the biological process of TNBC and the prognosis of paclitaxel affected by circDUSP1. Taken together, our findings revealed a role for the regulation of the miR-761/DACT2 axis by circDUSP1 in the biological process of TNBC. These results provided new insights into the biological mechanism and targeted therapy of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Lei
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peizhi Fan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chaojie Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongcheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
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The Facts and Family Secrets of Plasmids That Replicate via the Rolling-Circle Mechanism. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2021; 86:e0022220. [PMID: 34878299 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00222-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmids are self-replicative DNA elements that are transferred between bacteria. Plasmids encode not only antibiotic resistance genes but also adaptive genes that allow their hosts to colonize new niches. Plasmid transfer is achieved by conjugation (or mobilization), phage-mediated transduction, and natural transformation. Thousands of plasmids use the rolling-circle mechanism for their propagation (RCR plasmids). They are ubiquitous, have a high copy number, exhibit a broad host range, and often can be mobilized among bacterial species. Based upon the replicon, RCR plasmids have been grouped into several families, the best known of them being pC194 and pUB110 (Rep_1 family), pMV158 and pE194 (Rep_2 family), and pT181 and pC221 (Rep_trans family). Genetic traits of RCR plasmids are analyzed concerning (i) replication mediated by a DNA-relaxing initiator protein and its interactions with the cognate DNA origin, (ii) lagging-strand origins of replication, (iii) antibiotic resistance genes, (iv) mobilization functions, (v) replication control, performed by proteins and/or antisense RNAs, and (vi) the participating host-encoded functions. The mobilization functions include a relaxase initiator of transfer (Mob), an origin of transfer, and one or two small auxiliary proteins. There is a family of relaxases, the MOBV family represented by plasmid pMV158, which has been revisited and updated. Family secrets, like a putative open reading frame of unknown function, are reported. We conclude that basic research on RCR plasmids is of importance, and our perspectives contemplate the concept of One Earth because we should incorporate bacteria into our daily life by diminishing their virulence and, at the same time, respecting their genetic diversity.
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Yang H, Qu J, Zou W, Shen W, Chen X. An overview and future prospects of recombinant protein production in Bacillus subtilis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6607-6626. [PMID: 34468804 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11533-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is a well-characterized Gram-positive bacterium and a valuable host for recombinant protein production because of its efficient secretion ability, high yield, and non-toxicity. Here, we comprehensively review the recent studies on recombinant protein production in B. subtilis to update and supplement other previous reviews. We have focused on several aspects, including optimization of B. subtilis strains, enhancement and regulation of expression, improvement of secretion level, surface display of proteins, and fermentation optimization. Among them, optimization of B. subtilis strains mainly involves undirected chemical/physical mutagenesis and selection and genetic manipulation; enhancement and regulation of expression comprises autonomous plasmid and integrated expression, promoter regulation and engineering, and fine-tuning gene expression based on proteases and molecular chaperones; improvement of secretion level predominantly involves secretion pathway and signal peptide screening and optimization; surface display of proteins includes surface display of proteins on spores or vegetative cells; and fermentation optimization incorporates medium optimization, process condition optimization, and feeding strategy optimization. Furthermore, we propose some novel methods and future challenges for recombinant protein production in B. subtilis.Key points• A comprehensive review on recombinant protein production in Bacillus subtilis.• Novel techniques facilitate recombinant protein expression and secretion.• Surface display of proteins has significant potential for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiquan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Jinfeng Qu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xianzhong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Okamoto M, Kumagai M, Kanamori H, Takamatsu D. Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Bacteria Isolated From Japanese Honey, and Their Potential for Conferring Macrolide and Lincosamide Resistance in the American Foulbrood Pathogen Paenibacillus larvae. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:667096. [PMID: 33995331 PMCID: PMC8116656 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.667096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
American foulbrood (AFB) is the most serious bacterial disease of honey bee brood. Spores of the causative agent Paenibacillus larvae are ingested by bee larvae via brood foods and germinated cells proliferate in the larval midgut. In Japan, a macrolide antibiotic, tylosin, is used as the approved prophylactic for AFB. Although tylosin-resistant P. larvae has yet to be found in Japan, it may emerge in the future through the acquisition of macrolide resistance genes from other bacteria, and bacteria latent in brood foods, such as honey, may serve as a source of resistance genes. In this study, to investigate macrolide resistance genes in honey, we attempted to isolate tylosin-resistant bacteria from 53 Japanese honey samples and obtained 209 isolates from 48 samples in the presence of 1 μg/ml of tylosin. All isolates were Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria mainly belonging to genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus, and 94.3% exhibited lower susceptibility to tylosin than Japanese P. larvae isolates. Genome analysis of 50 representative isolates revealed the presence of putative macrolide resistance genes in the isolates, and some of them were located on mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Among the genes on MGEs, ermC on the putative mobilizable plasmid pJ18TS1mac of Oceanobacillus strain J18TS1 conferred tylosin and lincomycin resistance to P. larvae after introducing the cloned gene using the expression vector. Moreover, pJ18TS1mac was retained in the P. larvae population for a long period even under non-selective conditions. This suggests that bacteria in honey is a source of genes for conferring tylosin resistance to P. larvae; therefore, monitoring of bacteria in honey may be helpful to predict the emergence of tylosin-resistant P. larvae and prevent the selection of resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Okamoto
- Division of Bacterial and Parasitic Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kumagai
- Advanced Analysis Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanamori
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takamatsu
- Division of Bacterial and Parasitic Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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Millar JA, Raghavan R. Modulation of Bacterial Fitness and Virulence Through Antisense RNAs. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:596277. [PMID: 33747974 PMCID: PMC7968456 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.596277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory RNAs contribute to gene expression control in bacteria. Antisense RNAs (asRNA) are a class of regulatory RNAs that are transcribed from opposite strands of their target genes. Typically, these untranslated transcripts bind to cognate mRNAs and rapidly regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this article, we review asRNAs that modulate bacterial fitness and increase virulence. We chose examples that underscore the variety observed in nature including, plasmid- and chromosome-encoded asRNAs, a riboswitch-regulated asRNA, and asRNAs that require other RNAs or RNA-binding proteins for stability and activity. We explore how asRNAs improve bacterial fitness and virulence by modulating plasmid acquisition and maintenance, regulating transposon mobility, increasing resistance against bacteriophages, controlling flagellar production, and regulating nutrient acquisition. We conclude with a brief discussion on how this knowledge is helping to inform current efforts to develop new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess A Millar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rahul Raghavan
- Department of Biology and Center for Life in Extreme Environments, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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Zhao X, Xu J, Tan M, Zhen J, Shu W, Yang S, Ma Y, Zheng H, Song H. High copy number and highly stable Escherichia coli-Bacillus subtilis shuttle plasmids based on pWB980. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:25. [PMID: 32028973 PMCID: PMC7006159 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-1296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background pWB980 derived from pUB110 is a promising expression vector in Bacillus for its high copy number and high stability. However, the low transformation rate of recombinant plasmids to the wild cells limited the application of it. On the basis of pWB980, constructing an E. coli–B. subtilis shuttle plasmid could facilitate the transformation rate to Bacillus cells. Because the insertion site for E. coli replication origin sequence (ori) is not unique in pWB980, in order to investigate the best insertion site, eight shuttle plasmids (pUC980-1 ~ pUC980-8) containing all possible insertion sites and directions were constructed. Results The results showed that all the selected insertion sites could be used to construct shuttle plasmid but some sites required a specific direction. And different insertion sites led to different properties of the shuttle plasmids. The best shuttle plasmids pUC980-1 and pUC980-2, which showed copies more than 450 per cell and segregational stabilities up to 98%, were selected for heterologous expressions of an alkaline pectate lyase gene pelN, an alkaline protease spro1 and a pullulanase gene pulA11, respectively. The highest extracellular activities of PelN, Spro1 and PulA11 were up to 5200 U/mL, 21,537 U/mL and 504 U/mL correspondingly after 54 h, 60 h and 48 h fermentation in a 10 L fermentor. Notably, PelN and Spro1 showed remarkably higher yields in Bacillus than previous reports. Conclusion The optimum ori insertion site was the upstream region of BA3-1 in pWB980 which resulted in shuttle plasmids with higher copy numbers and higher stabilities. The novel shuttle plasmids pUC980-1 and pUC980-2 will be promising expression vectors in B. subtilis. Moreover, the ori insertion mechanism revealed in this work could provide theoretical guidance for further studies of pWB980 and constructions of other shuttle plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- XingYa Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - JianYong Xu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Ming Tan
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jie Zhen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - WenJu Shu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - ShiBin Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - YanHe Ma
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - HongChen Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Hui Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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