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Wang Y, Tu Y, Chen X, Jiang H, Ren H, Lu Q, Wei C, Lv W. Didymellaceae species associated with tea plant ( Camelliasinensis) in China. MycoKeys 2024; 105:217-251. [PMID: 38846425 PMCID: PMC11153891 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.105.119536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tea plant is one of the most important commercial crops worldwide. The Didymellaceae fungi can cause leaf blight disease of tea plant. In this study, 240 isolates were isolated from tea plant leaves of 10 provinces in China. Combined with multi-locus (ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TUB2) phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics, these isolates were identified as 25 species of six genera in Didymellaceae, including 19 known species Didymellacoffeae-arabicae, D.pomorum, D.segeticola, D.sinensis, Epicoccumcatenisporum, E.dendrobii, E.draconis, E.italicum, E.latusicollum, E.mackenziei, E.oryzae, E.poaceicola, E.rosae, E.sorghinum, E.tobaicum, Neoascochytamortariensis, Paraboeremialitseae, Remotididymellaanemophila and Stagonosporopsiscaricae, of which 15 species were new record species and six novel species, named D.yunnanensis, E.anhuiense, E.jingdongense, E.puerense, N.yunnanensis and N.zhejiangensis. Amongst all isolates, D.segeticola was the most dominant species. Pathogenicity tests on tea plant leaves showed that E.anhuiense had the strongest virulence, while E.puerense had the weakest virulence. Besides, D.pomorum, D.yunnanensis, E.dendrobii, E.italicum, E.jingdongense, E.mackenziei, E.oryzae, E.rosae, E.tobaicum, N.mortariensis, N.yunnanensis, N.zhejiangensis and R.anemophila were non-pathogenic to the tea plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Wang
- College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yiyi Tu
- College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xueling Chen
- College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hengze Ren
- College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qinhua Lu
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaInstitute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, ChinaAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Wuyun Lv
- College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
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Liu S, Hou Y, Zheng K, Ma Q, Wen M, Shao S, Wu S. Exploring the diversity, bioactivity of endophytes, and metabolome in Synsepalum dulcificum. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1258208. [PMID: 38476934 PMCID: PMC10929569 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1258208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Synsepalum dulcificum exhibits high edible and medicinal value; however, there have been no reports on the exploration of its endophyte resources. Here, we conducted analyses encompassing plant metabolomics, microbial diversity, and the biological activities of endophytic metabolites in S. dulcificum. High-throughput sequencing identified 4,913 endophytic fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 1,703 endophytic bacterial ASVs from the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits of S. dulcificum. Fungi were classified into 5 phyla, 24 classes, 75 orders, 170 families, and 313 genera, while bacteria belonged to 21 phyla, 47 classes, 93 orders, 145 families, and 232 genera. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the composition and content of metabolites in different tissues of S. dulcificum. Spearman's correlation analysis of the differential metabolites and endophytes revealed that the community composition of the endophytes correlated with plant-rich metabolites. The internal transcribed spacer sequences of 105 isolates were determined, and phylogenetic analyses revealed that these fungi were distributed into three phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota) and 20 genera. Moreover, 16S rDNA sequencing of 46 bacteria revealed they were distributed in 16 genera in three phyla: Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. The antimicrobial activities (filter paper method) and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays) of crude extracts obtained from 68 fungal and 20 bacterial strains cultured in different media were evaluated. Additionally, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the fungal extracts was examined. The results showed that 88.6% of the strains exhibited antimicrobial activity, 55.7% exhibited antioxidant activity, and 85% of the fungi exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The research suggested that the endophytes of S. dulcificum are highly diverse and have the potential to produce bioactive metabolites, providing abundant species resources for developing antibiotics, antioxidants and hypoglycemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yage Hou
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Kaixuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Meng Wen
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Shicheng Shao
- Department of Gardening and Horticulture, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla County, Yunnan, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Zhou YQ, Yao SC, Wang J, Xie XY, Tan XM, Huang RS, Yang XF, Tan Y, Yu LY, Fu P. Cultivable endophytic fungal community associated with the karst endemic plant Nervilia fordii and their antimicrobial activity. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1063897. [PMID: 36504825 PMCID: PMC9730403 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1063897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants with specific pharmacological functions attract much attention to provide the possibility of discovering valuable natural drugs with novel structures and biological activities. Nervilia fordii is a rare and endangered karst endemic plant that is used as medicine and food homology in Guangxi, China. These plants have been reported to have antimicrobial, antitumor, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, few studies have focused on the diversity and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from N. fordii. In the present study, 184 endophytic fungi were isolated from the healthy tissues of N. fordii, and their molecular diversity and antimicrobial activities were analyzed for the first time. These fungi were categorized into 85 different morphotypes based on the morphological characteristics and the similarity between the target sequence and the reference sequence in the GenBank database. With the exception of 18 unidentified fungi, the fungal isolates belonged to at least 2 phyla, 4 classes, 15 orders, 45 known genera, and 45 different species, which showed high abundance, rich diversity, and obvious tissue specificity. All isolates were employed to screen for their antimicrobial activities via the agar diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida tropicalis. Among these endophytes, eight strains (9.41%) displayed inhibitory activity against E. coli, 11 strains (12.94%) against S. aureus, and two strains (2.35%) against C. tropicalis, to some extent. In particular, our study showed for the first time that the fungal agar plugs of Penicillium macrosclerotiorum 1151# exhibited promising antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Moreover, the ethyl acetate (EA) extract of P. macrosclerotiorum 1151# had antibacterial effects against E. coli and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.5 mg ml-1. Further research also confirmed that one of the antimicrobial compounds of P. macrosclerotiorum 1151# was methyl chloroacetate and exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus up to 1.71-fold and 1.13-fold compared with tetracycline (TET) (5 mg ml-1), respectively. Taken together, the present data suggest that various endophytic fungi of N. fordii could be exploited as sources of novel natural antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qin Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Conservation and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Shao-Chang Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Key Laboratory of Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xin-Yi Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Rong-Shao Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xin-Feng Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yong Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Li-Ying Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Conservation and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Peng Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Key Laboratory of Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Yang YS, Ning SK, Lyu XH, Suo F, Jia GS, Li W, Du LL. Canavanine resistance mutation can1-1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a missense mutation in the ubiquitin ligase adaptor gene any1. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2022; 2022:10.17912/micropub.biology.000538. [PMID: 35300005 PMCID: PMC8922049 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the can1-1 mutation confers resistance to the toxic arginine analog canavanine. This mutation has been assumed to disrupt a gene encoding an arginine transporter. In PomBase, the gene SPBC18H10.16 is currently designated can1. Here, we sequenced the genomes of three can1-1 strains. No mutations were found in SPBC18H10.16. Instead, these strains harbor an R175C mutation in the gene any1 (SPBC18H10.20c). any1 encodes an α-arrestin that acts as a ubiquitin ligase adaptor to downregulate plasma membrane amino acid transporters. Our findings indicate that can1-1 is not a loss-of-function mutation in an amino acid transporter gene, but a possible gain-of-function mutation in a gene encoding a negative regulator of amino acid transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Yang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Kai Ning
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Lyu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Suo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Song Jia
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Lin Du
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
,
Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
,
Correspondence to: Li-Lin Du (
)
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5
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Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Novel and Extant Taxa in Pleosporales Associated with Mangifera indica from Yunnan, China (Series I). J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020152. [PMID: 35205906 PMCID: PMC8876165 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleosporales is the largest fungal order with a worldwide distribution in terrestrial and aquatic environments. During investigations of saprobic fungi associated with mango (Mangifera indica) in Baoshan and Honghe, Yunnan, China, fungal taxa belonging to pleosporales were collected. Morphological examinations and phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2 and tef1-α loci were used to identify the fungal taxa. A new genus, Mangifericomes; four new species, namely Mangifericomes hongheensis, Neomassaria hongheensis, Paramonodictys hongheensis, and Paramonodictys yunnanensis; and six new host and country records, namely Byssosphaeria siamensis, Crassiparies quadrisporus, Paradictyoarthrinium aquatica, Phaeoseptum mali, Torula fici, and Vaginatispora amygdali, are introduced. Photoplates, full descriptions, and phylogenetic trees to show the placement of new and known taxa are provided.
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Diversity and spatial distribution of endophytic fungi in Cinnamomum longepaniculatum of Yibin, China. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3361-3372. [PMID: 33877389 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamomum longepaniculatum (Gamble) N. Chao is an important woody incense plant that contains volatile terpenoids and has been extensively cultivated in Yibin, China. However, the relationship between endophytic fungal diversity and C. longepaniculatum species remains unclear. Here, fungal taxa in different tissue samples were analyzed using Illumina-based sequencing of ITS1 region of fungal rDNA genes. Results showed that 476 OTUs were identified in all tissues of C. longepaniculatum, with 78 OTUs common among all tissues. Similarity cluster analysis indicated that these OTUs belong to 5 phyla and at least 18 genera, with a large number of OTUs remaining unidentified at family and genus levels. The fungal community in seeds exhibited the greatest richness and diversity, followed by those in branches, leaves, and roots, respectively. Unclassified Chaetosphaeriales (91.66%), Passalora (57.17%), and unclassified Ascomycota (58.79%) OTUs dominated in root, branch, and leaf communities, respectively, and other common groups in the branch community included unclassified Ascomycota (12.13%), Houjia (10.38%), and Pseudoveronaea (5.43%), whereas other common groups in leaf community included Passalora (11.43%) and Uwebraunia (8.58%). Meanwhile, the seed community was dominated by unclassified Ascomycota (16.98%), unclassified Pleosporaceae (15.46%), and Talaromyces (12.50%) and also included high proportions of unclassified Nectriaceae (7.68%), Aspergillus (6.95%), Pestalotiopsis (6.02%), and Paraconiothyrium (5.11%) and several seed-specific taxa, including Peniophora, Cryptodiscus, and Penicillium. These findings suggest that Yibin-native C. longepaniculatum harbors rich and diverse endophytic communities that may represent an underexplored reservoir of biological resources.
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Yamada S, Kugou K, Ding DQ, Fujita Y, Hiraoka Y, Murakami H, Ohta K, Yamada T. The histone variant H2A.Z promotes initiation of meiotic recombination in fission yeast. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:609-620. [PMID: 29145618 PMCID: PMC5778600 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed formation of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), which are mainly formed at recombination hotspots. Meiotic DSBs require multiple proteins including the conserved protein Spo11 and its cofactors, and are influenced by chromatin structure. For example, local chromatin around hotspots directly impacts DSB formation. Moreover, DSB is proposed to occur in a higher-order chromatin architecture termed 'axis-loop', in which many loops protrude from cohesin-enriched axis. However, still much remains unknown about how meiotic DSBs are generated in chromatin. Here, we show that the conserved histone H2A variant H2A.Z promotes meiotic DSB formation in fission yeast. Detailed investigation revealed that H2A.Z is neither enriched around hotspots nor axis sites, and that transcript levels of DSB-promoting factors were maintained without H2A.Z. Moreover, H2A.Z appeared to be dispensable for chromatin binding of meiotic cohesin. Instead, in H2A.Z-lacking mutants, multiple proteins involved in DSB formation, such as the fission yeast Spo11 homolog and its regulators, were less associated with chromatin. Remarkably, nuclei were more compact in the absence of H2A.Z. Based on these, we propose that fission yeast H2A.Z promotes meiotic DSB formation partly through modulating chromosome architecture to enhance interaction between DSB-related proteins and cohesin-loaded chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Yamada
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kugou
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Da-Qiao Ding
- Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe 651-2492, Japan
| | - Yurika Fujita
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hiraoka
- Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe 651-2492, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murakami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ohta
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Takatomi Yamada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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8
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Beneficial effects of endophytic fungi colonization on plants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3327-3340. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
In this introduction we discuss some basic genetic tools and techniques that are used with the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe Genes commonly used for selection or as reporters are discussed, with an emphasis on genes that permit counterselection, intragenic complementation, or colony-color assays. S. pombe is most stable as a haploid organism. We describe its mating-type system, how to perform genetic crosses and methods for selecting and propagating diploids. We discuss the relative merits of tetrad dissection and random spore preparation in strain construction and genetic analyses. Finally, we present several types of mutant screens, with an evaluation of their respective strengths and limitations in the light of emerging technologies such as next-generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Ekwall
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-141 83, Sweden;
| | - Geneviève Thon
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
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10
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Abenza JF, Chessel A, Raynaud WG, Carazo-Salas RE. Dynamics of cell shape inheritance in fission yeast. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106959. [PMID: 25210736 PMCID: PMC4161360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Every cell has a characteristic shape key to its fate and function. That shape is not only the product of genetic design and of the physical and biochemical environment, but it is also subject to inheritance. However, the nature and contribution of cell shape inheritance to morphogenetic control is mostly ignored. Here, we investigate morphogenetic inheritance in the cylindrically-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Focusing on sixteen different ‘curved’ mutants - a class of mutants which often fail to grow axially straight – we quantitatively characterize their dynamics of cell shape inheritance throughout generations. We show that mutants of similar machineries display similar dynamics of cell shape inheritance, and exploit this feature to show that persistent axial cell growth in S. pombe is secured by multiple, separable molecular pathways. Finally, we find that one of those pathways corresponds to the swc2-swr1-vps71 SWR1/SRCAP chromatin remodelling complex, which acts additively to the known mal3-tip1-mto1-mto2 microtubule and tea1-tea2-tea4-pom1 polarity machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Abenza
- The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (JFA); (REC-S)
| | - Anatole Chessel
- The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William G. Raynaud
- The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael E. Carazo-Salas
- The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (JFA); (REC-S)
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Abstract
Mitotic chromosome condensation is a prerequisite for the accurate segregation of chromosomes during cell division, and the conserved condensin complex a central player of this process. However, how condensin binds chromatin and shapes mitotic chromosomes remain poorly understood. Recent genome-wide binding studies showing that in most species condensin is enriched near highly expressed genes suggest a conserved link between condensin occupancy and high transcription rates. To gain insight into the mechanisms of condensin binding and mitotic chromosome condensation, we searched for factors that collaborate with condensin through a synthetic lethal genetic screen in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We isolated novel mutations affecting condensin, as well as mutations in four genes not previously implicated in mitotic chromosome condensation in fission yeast. These mutations cause chromosome segregation defects similar to those provoked by defects in condensation. We also identified a suppressor of the cut3-477 condensin mutation, which largely rescued chromosome segregation during anaphase. Remarkably, of the five genes identified in this study, four encode transcription co-factors. Our results therefore provide strong additional evidence for a functional connection between chromosome condensation and transcription.
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12
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Li J, Zhang JM, Li X, Suo F, Zhang MJ, Hou W, Han J, Du LL. A piggyBac transposon-based mutagenesis system for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 39:e40. [PMID: 21247877 PMCID: PMC3064801 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The TTAA-specific transposon piggyBac (PB), originally isolated from the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni, has been utilized as an insertional mutagenesis tool in various eukaryotic organisms. Here, we show that PB transposes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and leaves almost no footprints. We developed a PB-based mutagenesis system for S. pombe by constructing a strain with a selectable transposon excision marker and an integrated transposase gene. PB transposition in this strain has low chromosomal distribution bias as shown by deep sequencing-based insertion site mapping. Using this system, we obtained loss-of-function alleles of klp5 and klp6, and a gain-of-function allele of dam1 from a screen for mutants resistant to the microtubule-destabilizing drug thiabendazole. From another screen for cdc25-22 suppressors, we obtained multiple alleles of wee1 as expected. The success of these two screens demonstrated the usefulness of this PB-mediated mutagenesis tool for fission yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
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13
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Cooperation between the septins and the actomyosin ring and role of a cell-integrity pathway during cell division in fission yeast. Genetics 2010; 186:897-915. [PMID: 20739711 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.110.119842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A major question about cytokinesis concerns the role of the septin proteins, which localize to the division site in all animal and fungal cells but are essential for cytokinesis only in some cell types. For example, in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, four septins localize to the division site, but deletion of the four genes produces only a modest delay in cell separation. To ask if the S. pombe septins function redundantly in cytokinesis, we conducted a synthetic-lethal screen in a septin-deficient strain and identified seven mutations. One mutation affects Cdc4, a myosin light chain that is an essential component of the cytokinetic actomyosin ring. Five others cause frequent cell lysis during cell separation and map to two loci. These mutations and their dosage suppressors define a signaling pathway (including Rho1 and a novel arrestin) for repairing cell-wall damage. The seventh mutation affects the poorly understood RNA-binding protein Scw1 and severely delays cell separation when combined either with a septin mutation or with a mutation affecting the septin-interacting, anillin-like protein Mid2, suggesting that Scw1 functions in a pathway parallel to that of the septins. Taken together, our results suggest that the S. pombe septins participate redundantly in one or more pathways that cooperate with the actomyosin ring during cytokinesis and that a septin defect causes septum defects that can be repaired effectively only when the cell-integrity pathway is intact.
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14
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Hou H, Wang Y, Kallgren SP, Thompson J, Yates JR, Jia S. Histone variant H2A.Z regulates centromere silencing and chromosome segregation in fission yeast. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:1909-18. [PMID: 19910462 PMCID: PMC2804349 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.058487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of histone variant H2A.Z into nucleosomes plays essential roles in regulating chromatin structure and gene expression. A multisubunit complex containing chromatin remodeling protein Swr1 is responsible for the deposition of H2A.Z in budding yeast and mammals. Here, we show that the JmjC domain protein Msc1 is a novel component of the fission yeast Swr1 complex and is required for Swr1-mediated incorporation of H2A.Z into nucleosomes at gene promoters. Loss of Msc1, Swr1, or H2A.Z results in loss of silencing at centromeres and defective chromosome segregation, although centromeric levels of CENP-A, a centromere-specific histone H3 variant that is required for setting up the chromatin structure at centromeres, remain unchanged. Intriguingly, H2A.Z is required for the expression of another centromere protein, CENP-C, and overexpression of CENP-C rescues centromere silencing defects associated with H2A.Z loss. These results demonstrate the importance of H2A.Z and CENP-C in maintaining a silenced chromatin state at centromeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitong Hou
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 and
| | - Yu Wang
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 and
| | - Scott P. Kallgren
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 and
| | - James Thompson
- the Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - John R. Yates
- the Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Songtao Jia
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 and
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Pancaldi V, Schubert F, Bähler J. Meta-analysis of genome regulation and expression variability across hundreds of environmental and genetic perturbations in fission yeast. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 6:543-52. [DOI: 10.1039/b913876p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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