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Kim DH, Loke H, Thompson J, Hill R, Sundram S, Lee J. The dopamine D2-like receptor and the Y-chromosome gene, SRY, are reciprocally regulated in the human male neuroblastoma M17 cell line. Neuropharmacology 2024; 251:109928. [PMID: 38552780 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Hannah Loke
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Rachel Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Mental Health Program, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Joohyung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
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2
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Blake JM, Thompson J, HogenEsch H, Ekenstedt KJ. Heritability and genome-wide association study of vaccine-induced immune response in Beagles: A pilot study. Vaccine 2024; 42:3099-3106. [PMID: 38604911 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Both genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to individual variation in the immune response to vaccination. Understanding how genetic background influences variation in both magnitude and persistence of vaccine-induced immunity is vital for improving vaccine development and identifying possible causes of vaccine failure. Dogs provide a relevant biomedical model for investigating mammalian vaccine genetics; canine breed structure and long linkage disequilibrium simplify genetic studies in this species compared to humans. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability of the antibody response to vaccination against viral and bacterial pathogens, and to identify genes driving variation of the immune response to vaccination in Beagles. Sixty puppies were immunized following a standard vaccination schedule with an attenuated combination vaccine containing antigens for canine adenovirus type 2, canine distemper virus, canine parainfluenza virus, canine parvovirus, and four strains of Leptospira bacteria. Serum antibody measurements for each viral and bacterial component were measured at multiple time points. Heritability estimations and GWAS were conducted using SNP genotypes at 279,902 markers together with serum antibody titer phenotypes. The heritability estimates were: (1) to Leptospira antigens, ranging from 0.178 to 0.628; and (2) to viral antigens, ranging from 0.199 to 0.588. There was not a significant difference between overall heritability of vaccine-induced immune response to Leptospira antigens compared to viral antigens. Genetic architecture indicates that SNPs of low to high effect contribute to immune response to vaccination. GWAS identified two genetic markers associated with vaccine-induced immune response phenotypes. Collectively, these findings indicate that genetic regulation of the immune response to vaccination is antigen-specific and influenced by multiple genes of small effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna M Blake
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - James Thompson
- Zoetis, Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Kari J Ekenstedt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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3
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Pringle JK, Ruffell A, Styles P, Stringfellow M, Stimpson IG, Banham SG, Wisniewski KD, Owen S, Hobson L, Thompson J. Forensic geoscience non-invasive detection and characterisation of underground clandestine complexes, bunkers, tunnels and firing ranges. Forensic Sci Int 2024; 359:112033. [PMID: 38678987 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent events in conflict zones have emphasized that the successful detection and characterisation of buried clandestine complexes, bunkers and tunnels is vitally important for forensic investigators globally, to reduce or solve criminal activities, address national security threats and avoid potential terrorist attacks. However, this can often prove very difficult, particularly in urban areas, with potentially both below-ground non target items and above-ground infrastructures present, that can interfere with detecting target(s). Here we provide selected successful case studies where forensic geoscience techniques were used to detect and characterise buried clandestine complexes, bunkers and tunnels using different geophysical techniques. Generally, desktop studies assessing pre-existing information, including local geology, soils, historical/modern remote sensing, maps and photographs inform appropriate geophysical survey technique(s) selection. Subsequent near-surface geophysical techniques are then employed to produce accurate plans of sub-surface targets, with numerical modelling and correction for the interfering effects of above ground infrastructure, enabling the calibration of geophysical datasets to provide confidence in their respective interpretations. All forensic investigations are, of course, unique to every site, and thus require an individual approach to their respective ground conditions. Investigations should be both phased and iterative, with techniques tailored to local conditions: the selection of geophysical method(s) is crucial to improve successful detection rates of such important buried targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie K Pringle
- School of Geology, Geology & Environment, Keele University, Keele, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK; School of Chemical & Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Alastair Ruffell
- School of the Natural Built Environment, Queens University, Belfast, N. Ireland BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Peter Styles
- School of Geology, Geology & Environment, Keele University, Keele, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Matt Stringfellow
- RSK Geosciences, part of RSK Environment Ltd, 18 Frogmore Road, Hemel Hempstead HP3 9RT, UK
| | - Ian G Stimpson
- School of Geology, Geology & Environment, Keele University, Keele, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Steven G Banham
- School of Geology, Geology & Environment, Keele University, Keele, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK; Department of Earth Science & Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Stephen Owen
- RSK Geosciences, part of RSK Environment Ltd, 18 Frogmore Road, Hemel Hempstead HP3 9RT, UK
| | - Luke Hobson
- School of Geology, Geology & Environment, Keele University, Keele, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK
| | - James Thompson
- RSK Geosciences, part of RSK Environment Ltd, 18 Frogmore Road, Hemel Hempstead HP3 9RT, UK
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Geboers B, Meijer D, Counter W, Blazevski A, Thompson J, Doan P, Gondoputro W, Katelaris A, Haynes AM, Delprado W, O'Neill G, Yuen C, Vis AN, van Leeuwen PJ, Ho B, Liu V, Lee J, Donswijk ML, Oprea-Lager D, Scheltema MJ, Emmett L, Stricker PD. Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography in addition to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and biopsies to select prostate cancer patients for focal therapy. BJU Int 2024; 133 Suppl 4:14-22. [PMID: 37858931 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the additional value of prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) to conventional diagnostic tools to select patients for hemi-ablative focal therapy (FT). PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis on a multicentre cohort (private and institutional) of 138 patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), PSMA-PET, and systematic biopsies prior to radical prostatectomy between January 2011 and July 2021. Patients were eligible when they met the consensus criteria for FT: PSA <15 ng/mL, clinical/radiological T stage ≤T2b, and International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 2-3. Clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) was defined as ISUP grade ≥2, extracapsular extension >0.5 mm or seminal vesicle involvement at final histopathology. The diagnostic accuracy of mpMRI, systematic biopsies and PSMA-PET for csPCa (separate and combined) was calculated within a four-quadrant prostate model by receiver-operating characteristic and 2 × 2 contingency analysis. Additionally, we assessed whether the diagnostic tools correctly identified patients suitable for hemi-ablative FT. RESULTS In total 552 prostate quadrants were analysed and 272 (49%) contained csPCa on final histopathology. The area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for csPCa were 0.79, 75%, 83%, 81% and 77%, respectively, for combined mpMRI and systematic biopsies, and improved after addition of PSMA-PET to 0.84, 87%, 80%, 81% and 86%, respectively (P < 0.001). On final histopathology 46/138 patients (33%) were not suitable for hemi-ablative FT. Addition of PSMA-PET correctly identified 26/46 (57%) non-suitable patients and resulted in 4/138 (3%) false-positive exclusions. CONCLUSIONS Addition of PSMA-PET to the conventional work-up by mpMRI and systematic biopsies could improve selection for hemi-ablative FT and guide exclusion of patients for whom whole-gland treatments might be a more suitable treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Geboers
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennie Meijer
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William Counter
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexandar Blazevski
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Urology, St. George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Doan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William Gondoputro
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Athos Katelaris
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne-Maree Haynes
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Gordon O'Neill
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital and Private Clinic, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carlo Yuen
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital and Private Clinic, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andre N Vis
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim J van Leeuwen
- Department of Urology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek - Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bao Ho
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Victor Liu
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Lee
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maarten L Donswijk
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek - Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Oprea-Lager
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs J Scheltema
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louise Emmett
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip D Stricker
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital and Private Clinic, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Read GJM, McLean S, Thompson J, Stanton NA, Baber C, Carden T, Salmon PM. Managing the risks associated with technological disruption in the road transport system: a control structure modelling approach. Ergonomics 2024; 67:498-514. [PMID: 37381733 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2226850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Road transport is experiencing disruptive change from new first-of-a-kind technologies. While such technologies offer safety and operational benefits, they also pose new risks. It is critical to proactively identify risks during the design, development and testing of new technologies. The Systems Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) method analyses the dynamic structure in place to manage safety risks. This study applied STAMP to develop a control structure model for emerging technologies in the Australian road transport system and identified control gaps. The control structure shows the actors responsible for managing risks associated with first-of-a-kind technologies and the existing control and feedback mechanisms. Gaps identified related to controls (e.g. legislation) and feedback mechanisms (e.g. monitoring for behavioural adaptation). The study provides an example of how STAMP can be used to identify control structure gaps requiring attention to support the safe introduction of new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J M Read
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
| | - S McLean
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
| | - J Thompson
- Transport, Health and Urban Design Research Hub, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- University Department of Rural Health, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N A Stanton
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
- Transportation Research Group, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Baber
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Carden
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
| | - P M Salmon
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
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6
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Laundon D, Sengers BG, Thompson J, Harris SE, Beasley O, Basford PJ, Katsamenis OL, Goggin P, Derisoud E, Fanelli D, Bocci C, Camillo F, Shotton J, Constable-Dakeyne G, Gostling NJ, Chavatte-Palmer P, Lewis RM. Convergently evolved placental villi show multiscale structural adaptations to differential placental invasiveness. Biol Lett 2024; 20:20240016. [PMID: 38531417 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite having a single evolutionary origin and conserved function, the mammalian placenta exhibits radical structural diversity. The evolutionary drivers and functional consequences of placental structural diversity are poorly understood. Humans and equids both display treelike placental villi, however these villi evolved independently and exhibit starkly different levels of invasiveness into maternal tissue (i.e. the number of maternal tissue layers between placental tissue and maternal blood). The villi in these species therefore serve as a compelling evolutionary case study to explore whether placentas have developed structural adaptations to respond to the challenge of reduced nutrient availability in less invasive placentas. Here, we use three-dimensional X-ray microfocus computed tomography and electron microscopy to quantitatively evaluate key structures involved in exchange in human and equid placental villi. We find that equid villi have a higher surface area to volume ratio and deeper trophoblastic vessel indentation than human villi. Using illustrative computational models, we propose that these structural adaptations have evolved in equids to boost nutrient transfer to compensate for reduced invasiveness into maternal tissue. We discuss these findings in relation to the 'maternal-fetal conflict hypothesis' of placental evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis Laundon
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Bram G Sengers
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - James Thompson
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Shelley E Harris
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Olivia Beasley
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Rd, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Philip J Basford
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- μ-VIS X-Ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Orestis L Katsamenis
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- μ-VIS X-Ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Emilie Derisoud
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Diana Fanelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Via Livornese lato monte, 56121 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Bocci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Via Livornese lato monte, 56121 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Camillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Via Livornese lato monte, 56121 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
| | - Justine Shotton
- Marwell Wildlife, Thompson's Lane, Colden Common, Winchester SO21 1JH, UK
| | | | - Neil J Gostling
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Rd, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Rohan M Lewis
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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Shah NP, Bhatia R, Altman JK, Amaya M, Begna KH, Berman E, Chan O, Clements J, Collins RH, Curtin PT, DeAngelo DJ, Drazer M, Maness L, Metheny L, Mohan S, Moore JO, Oehler V, Pratz K, Pusic I, Rose MG, Shomali W, Smith BD, Styler M, Talpaz M, Tanaka TN, Tantravahi S, Thompson J, Tsai S, Vaughn J, Welborn J, Yang DT, Sundar H, Gregory K. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Version 2.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2024; 22:43-69. [PMID: 38394770 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2024.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is defined by the presence of Philadelphia chromosome resulting from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 [t9;22] that gives rise to a BCR::ABL1 fusion gene. CML occurs in 3 different phases (chronic, accelerated, and blast phase) and is usually diagnosed in the chronic phase in developed countries. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is a highly effective treatment option for patients with chronic phase-CML. The primary goal of TKI therapy in patients with chronic phase-CML is to prevent disease progression to accelerated phase-CML or blast phase-CML. Discontinuation of TKI therapy with careful monitoring is feasible in selected patients. This manuscript discusses the recommendations outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with chronic phase-CML.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Blast Crisis/chemically induced
- Blast Crisis/drug therapy
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/drug therapy
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil P Shah
- 1UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | - Jessica K Altman
- 3Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leland Metheny
- 14Case Comprehensive Cancer Center University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | | | | | | | - Keith Pratz
- 18Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | - Iskra Pusic
- 19Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - B Douglas Smith
- 22The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Vaughn
- 29The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
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8
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Chaudhary N, Page AE, Salali GD, Dyble M, Major-Smith D, Migliano AB, Vinicius L, Thompson J, Viguier S. Hunter-Gatherer children's close-proximity networks: Similarities and differences with cooperative and communal breeding systems. Evol Hum Sci 2024; 6:e11. [PMID: 38516373 PMCID: PMC10955362 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Among vertebrates, allomothering (non-maternal care) is classified as cooperative breeding (help from sexually mature non-breeders, usually close relatives) or communal breeding (shared care between multiple breeders who are not necessarily related). Humans have been described with both labels, most frequently as cooperative breeders. However, few studies have quantified the relative contributions of allomothers according to whether they are (a) sexually mature and reproductively active and (b) related or unrelated. We constructed close-proximity networks of Agta and BaYaka hunter-gatherers. We used portable remote-sensing devices to quantify the proportion of time children under the age of 4 spent in close proximity to different categories of potential allomother. Both related and unrelated, and reproductively active and inactive, campmates had substantial involvement in children's close-proximity networks. Unrelated campmates, siblings and subadults were the most involved in both populations, whereas the involvement of fathers and grandmothers was the most variable between the two populations. Finally, the involvement of sexually mature, reproductively inactive adults was low. Where possible, we compared our findings with studies of other hunter-gatherer societies, and observed numerous consistent trends. Based on our results we discuss why hunter-gatherer allomothering cannot be fully characterised as cooperative or communal breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Chaudhary
- Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1QH, UK
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
| | - Abigail E. Page
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical and Medicine, LondonWC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Gul Deniz Salali
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
| | - Mark Dyble
- Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1QH, UK
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
| | - Daniel Major-Smith
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 2BN, UK
| | - Andrea B. Migliano
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
- Department of Anthropology, University of Zurich, 8057Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lucio Vinicius
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
- Department of Anthropology, University of Zurich, 8057Zürich, Switzerland
| | - James Thompson
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
| | - Sylvain Viguier
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, LondonWC1H 0BW, UK
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9
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Panchal MH, Swindle EJ, Pell TJ, Rowan WC, Childs CE, Thompson J, Nicholas BL, Djukanovic R, Goss VM, Postle AD, Davies DE, Blume C. Membrane lipid composition of bronchial epithelial cells influences antiviral responses during rhinovirus infection. Tissue Barriers 2024:2300580. [PMID: 38179897 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2023.2300580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids and their mediators have important regulatory functions in many cellular processes, including the innate antiviral response. The aim of this study was to compare the lipid membrane composition of in vitro differentiated primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) with ex vivo bronchial brushings and to establish whether any changes in the lipid membrane composition affect antiviral defense of cells from donors without and with severe asthma. Using mass spectrometry, we showed that the lipid membrane of in vitro differentiated PBECs was deprived of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) compared to ex vivo bronchial brushings. Supplementation of the culture medium with arachidonic acid (AA) increased the PUFA-content to more closely match the ex vivo membrane profile. Rhinovirus (RV16) infection of AA-supplemented cultures from healthy donors resulted in significantly reduced viral replication while release of inflammatory mediators and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was significantly increased. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases, suppressed RV16-induced PGE2 release and significantly reduced CXCL-8/IL-8 release from AA-supplemented cultures indicating a link between PGE2 and CXCL8/IL-8 release. In contrast, in AA-supplemented cultures from severe asthmatic donors, viral replication was enhanced whereas PTGS2 expression and PGE2 release were unchanged and CXCL8/IL-8 was significantly reduced in response to RV16 infection. While the PTGS2/COX-2 pathway is initially pro-inflammatory, its downstream products can promote symptom resolution. Thus, reduced PGE2 release during an RV-induced severe asthma exacerbation may lead to prolonged symptoms and slower recovery. Our data highlight the importance of reflecting the in vivo lipid profile in in vitro cell cultures for mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuriben H Panchal
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Emily J Swindle
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Caroline E Childs
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - James Thompson
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Benjamin L Nicholas
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ratko Djukanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Victoria M Goss
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Anthony D Postle
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Donna E Davies
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cornelia Blume
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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10
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England A, Thompson J, Dorey S, Al Islam S, Long M, Maiorino C, McEntee MF. Corrigendum to "A comparison of perceived image quality between computer display monitors and augmented reality smart glasses" [Radiography 29 (3) (May 2023) 641-646]. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:1. [PMID: 37586969 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A England
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - J Thompson
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Barrow-in-Furness, UK
| | - S Dorey
- Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Tameside, UK
| | - S Al Islam
- East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, UK
| | - M Long
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Maiorino
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - M F McEntee
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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11
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Thompson J, Saad MI. Patient-Derived Xenografts: Historical Evolution, Immunocompromised Host Models, and Translational Significance. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2806:1-8. [PMID: 38676791 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3858-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) represent a critical advancement in preclinical cancer research, wherein human tumor samples are implanted into animal models for evaluation of therapeutic responses. PDXs have emerged as indispensable tools in translational cancer research, facilitating investigation into tumor microenvironments and personalized medicine. This chapter elucidates the historical evolution of PDXs, from early attempts in the eighteenth century to contemporary immunocompromised host models that enhance engraftment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Thompson
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohamed I Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- South Australian immunoGENomics Cancer Institute (SAiGENCI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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12
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Farries K, Baldock M, Thompson J, Stokes C, Unsworth CA. Entrapment and extraction of wheelchairs at flange gaps with and without flange gap fillers at pedestrian railway crossings. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38140983 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2023.2296954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Where pedestrian crossings meet rail tracks, a flange gap allows the train wheel flanges to pass. This gap can be hazardous for wheelchair users as castor wheels may become trapped. While compressible gap fillers can eliminate the flange gap, fillers are subject to wear, pose a derailment hazard to light rail vehicles and can strip grease from passing wheels. These issues could be mitigated by partially filling the flange gap with a compressible filler. The aim was to investigate the risk of entrapment and ease of extraction of wheelchair castors from flange gaps fully and partially filled with compressible fillers, and assess ride quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS Entrapment risk and ease of extraction for four wheelchairs were tested at various crossing angles with flange gap fillers. Twelve wheelchair users tested ease of extraction and ride quality for partially and fully filled flange gaps. RESULTS It was found that risk of entrapment is low if a standards-compliant crossing with open flange gaps is traversed in a straight line. However, castors can become trapped if the user alters direction to avoid an obstacle or if the crossing surface is uneven. Once trapped, castors are extremely difficult to remove without external assistance. CONCLUSIONS Flange gap fillers that reduce the gap to 10 mm or less eliminate entrapment while retaining acceptable ride quality. Filling flange gaps or leaving a residual gap depth of less than 10 mm is the best option to eliminate risk of entrapment and ensure good ride quality for wheelchair users.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONRail crossings flange gaps pose an entrapment hazard for wheelchair usersPartial or complete flange gap fillers may reduce entrapment but require researchRehabilitation professionals need to educate wheelchair users on techniques to cross flange gaps safelyConsumers and health professionals can consult rail operators to partially fill flange gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Farries
- School of Civil Environmental and Mining Engineering, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew Baldock
- Centre for Automotive Safety Research, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- Centre for Automotive Safety Research, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Christopher Stokes
- Centre for Automotive Safety Research, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Carolyn A Unsworth
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Australia
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Occupational Therapy, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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13
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McLean S, King BJ, Thompson J, Carden T, Stanton NA, Baber C, Read GJM, Salmon PM. Forecasting emergent risks in advanced AI systems: an analysis of a future road transport management system. Ergonomics 2023; 66:1750-1767. [PMID: 38009364 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2286907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being increasingly implemented within road transport systems worldwide. Next generation of AI, Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is imminent, and is anticipated to be more powerful than current AI. AGI systems will have a broad range of abilities and be able to perform multiple cognitive tasks akin to humans that will likely produce many expected benefits, but also potential risks. This study applied the EAST Broken Links approach to forecast the functioning of an AGI system tasked with managing a road transport system and identify potential risks. In total, 363 risks were identified that could have adverse impacts on the stated goals of safety, efficiency, environmental sustainability, and economic performance of the road system. Further, risks beyond the stated goals were identified; removal from human control, mismanaging public relations, and self-preservation. A diverse set of systemic controls will be required when designing, implementing, and operating future advanced technologies.Practitioner summary: This study demonstrated the utility of HFE methods for formally considering risks associated with the design, implementation, and operation of future technologies. This study has implications for AGI research, design, and development to ensure safe and ethical AGI implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McLean
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - B J King
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - J Thompson
- Transport, Health and Urban Design (THUD) Research Lab, Melbourne School of Design, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Carden
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - N A Stanton
- Transportation Research Group, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Baber
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - G J M Read
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - P M Salmon
- Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
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14
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Gondoputro W, Doan P, Katelaris A, Scheltema MJ, Geboers B, Agrawal S, Liu Z, Yaxley J, Savdie R, Rasiah K, Frydenberg M, Roberts MJ, Malouf D, Wong D, Shnier R, Delprado W, Emmett L, Stricker PD, Thompson J. 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in addition to mpMRI in men undergoing biopsy during active surveillance for low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer: study protocol for a prospective cross-sectional study. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:1598-1606. [PMID: 37969779 PMCID: PMC10643393 DOI: 10.21037/tau-22-708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In active surveillance there is significant interest in whether imaging modalities such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) or 68Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT) can improve the detection of progression to clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) and thus reduce the frequency of prostate biopsies and associated morbidity. Recent studies have demonstrated the value of mpMRI in active surveillance; however, mpMRI does miss a proportion of disease progression and thus alone cannot replace biopsy. To date, prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) has shown additive value to mpMRI in its ability to detect prostate cancer (PCa) in the primary diagnostic setting. Our objective is to evaluate the diagnostic utility of PSMA-PET to detect progression to csPCa in active surveillance patients. Methods We will perform a prospective, cross-sectional, partially blinded, multicentre clinical trial evaluating the additive value of PSMA-PET with mpMRI against saturation transperineal template prostate biopsy. Two hundred and twenty-five men will be recruited who have newly diagnosed PCa which is suitable for active surveillance. Following enrolment, patients will undergo a PSMA-PET and mpMRI within 3 months of a repeat 12-month confirmatory biopsy. Patients who remain on active surveillance after confirmatory biopsy will then be planned to have a further mpMRI and PSMA-PET prior to a repeat biopsy in 3-4 years. The primary outcome is to assess the ability of PSMA-PET to detect or exclude significant malignancy on repeat biopsy. Secondary outcomes include (I) assess the comparative diagnostic accuracies of mpMRI and PSMA-PET alone [sensitivity/specificity/negative predictive value (NPV)/positive predictive value (PPV)] to detect progression on biopsy based on predefined histologic criteria for progression; (II) comparison of index lesion identification by template biopsies vs. MRI targeted lesions vs. PSMA targeted lesions; (III) evaluation of concordance of lesions identified on final histopathology and each imaging modality (PSMA-PET and/or mpMRI) in the subset of patients proceeding to RP. Discussion The results of this trial will define the role of PSMA-PET in active surveillance and potentially reduce the number of biopsies needed to detect progression to csPCa. Trial Registration The current trial was registered with the ANZCTR on the 3/2/2022 with the trial ID ACTRN12622000188730, it is accessible at https://www.anzctr.org.au/.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Gondoputro
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Doan
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Athos Katelaris
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthijs J. Scheltema
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bart Geboers
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shikha Agrawal
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Urology, St Vincent’s Private Hospital Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zhixin Liu
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Yaxley
- Department of Urology, Wesley Urology Clinic, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Richard Savdie
- Department of Urology, St Vincent’s Private Hospital Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Urology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kris Rasiah
- Department of Urology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Frydenberg
- Department of Urology, Cabrini Hospital Malvern, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Roberts
- Department of Urology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Malouf
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Wong
- I-MED Radiology Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ron Shnier
- I-MED Radiology Network, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Louise Emmett
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Phillip D. Stricker
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Urology, St Vincent’s Private Hospital Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Urology, St Vincent’s Private Hospital Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Fassad MR, Rumman N, Junger K, Patel MP, Thompson J, Goggin P, Ueffing M, Beyer T, Boldt K, Lucas JS, Mitchison HM. Defective airway intraflagellar transport underlies a combined motile and primary ciliopathy syndrome caused by IFT74 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:3090-3104. [PMID: 37555648 PMCID: PMC10586200 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are inherited disorders caused by defective cilia. Mutations affecting motile cilia usually cause the chronic muco-obstructive sinopulmonary disease primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and are associated with laterality defects, while a broad spectrum of early developmental as well as degenerative syndromes arise from mutations affecting signalling of primary (non-motile) cilia. Cilia assembly and functioning requires intraflagellar transport (IFT) of cargos assisted by IFT-B and IFT-A adaptor complexes. Within IFT-B, the N-termini of partner proteins IFT74 and IFT81 govern tubulin transport to build the ciliary microtubular cytoskeleton. We detected a homozygous 3-kb intragenic IFT74 deletion removing the exon 2 initiation codon and 40 N-terminal amino acids in two affected siblings. Both had clinical features of PCD with bronchiectasis, but no laterality defects. They also had retinal dysplasia and abnormal bone growth, with a narrowed thorax and short ribs, shortened long bones and digits, and abnormal skull shape. This resembles short-rib thoracic dysplasia, a skeletal ciliopathy previously linked to IFT defects in primary cilia, not motile cilia. Ciliated nasal epithelial cells collected from affected individuals had reduced numbers of shortened motile cilia with disarranged microtubules, some misorientation of the basal feet, and disrupted cilia structural and IFT protein distributions. No full-length IFT74 was expressed, only truncated forms that were consistent with N-terminal deletion and inframe translation from downstream initiation codons. In affinity purification mass spectrometry, exon 2-deleted IFT74 initiated from the nearest inframe downstream methionine 41 still interacts as part of the IFT-B complex, but only with reduced interaction levels and not with all its usual IFT-B partners. We propose that this is a hypomorphic mutation with some residual protein function retained, which gives rise to a primary skeletal ciliopathy combined with defective motile cilia and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 22 El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Nisreen Rumman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Makassed Hospital and Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem 91220, Palestine
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar St #441, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Katrin Junger
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Mitali P Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, University College London, 33 Cleveland Street, London W1W 7FF, United Kingdom
| | - James Thompson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Tina Beyer
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
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Lim N, Leventhal TM, Thomson MJ, Hassan M, Thompson J, Adams A, Chinnakotla S, Humphreville V, Kandaswamy R, Kirchner V, Pruett TL, Schuller L, McCarty M, Lake J. Protocolized screening and detection of occult alcohol use before and after liver transplant: Lessons learned from a quality improvement initiative. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e15036. [PMID: 37218656 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Detection of alcohol (ETOH) use with biomarkers provides an opportunity to intervene and treat patients with alcohol use disorder before and after liver transplant (LT). We describe our center's experience using urine ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and serum phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in alcohol screening protocols. METHODS Single-center, retrospective review of patients presenting for LT evaluation, patients waitlisted for LT for alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and patients who received a LT for ALD over a 12-month period, from October 1, 2019 through September 30, 2020. Patients were followed from waitlisting to LT, or for up to 12 months post-LT. We monitored protocol adherence to screening for ETOH use- defined as completion of all possible tests over the follow-up period- at the initial LT visit, while on the LT waitlist and after LT. RESULTS During the study period, 227 patients were evaluated for LT (median age 57 years, 58% male, 78% white, 54.2% ALD). Thirty-one patients with ALD were placed on the waitlist, and 38 patients underwent LT for ALD during this time period. Protocolized adherence to screening for alcohol use was higher for PEth for all LT evaluation patients (191 [84.1%] vs. 146 [67%] eligible patients, p < .001), in patients with ALD waitlisted for LT (22 [71%] vs. 14 (48%] eligible patients, p = .04) and after LT for ALD, 20 (33 [86.8%] vs. 20 [52.6%] eligible patients, p < .01). Few patients with a positive test in any group completed chemical dependency treatment. CONCLUSIONS When screening for ETOH use in pre- and post-LT patients, protocol adherence is higher using PEth compared to EtG. While protocolized biomarker screening can detect recurrent ETOH use in this population, engagement of patients into chemical dependency treatment remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - T M Leventhal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - M J Thomson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - M Hassan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - J Thompson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - A Adams
- Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - S Chinnakotla
- Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - V Humphreville
- Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - R Kandaswamy
- Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - V Kirchner
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - T L Pruett
- Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - L Schuller
- University of Minnesota Physicians, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - M McCarty
- Complex Care Analytics, Fairview Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - J Lake
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Alvarado Sandino CO, Barnes AP, Sepúlveda I, Garratt MPD, Thompson J, Escobar-Tello MP. Examining factors for the adoption of silvopastoral agroforestry in the Colombian Amazon. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12252. [PMID: 37507434 PMCID: PMC10382530 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Current land use systems in the Amazon largely consist of extensive conventional productivist livestock operations that drive deforestation. Silvopastoral systems (SPS) support a transition to low carbon production if they intensify in sympathy with the needs of biophysical and socio-economic contexts. SPS have been promoted for decades as an alternative livestock production system but widespread uptake has yet to be seen. We provide a schema of associating factors for adoption of SPS based on past literature in tropical agriculture and apply this to a bespoke survey of 172 farms in the Caquetá region of the Colombian Amazon. We find a number of factors which do not apply to this region and argue for a context specific approach. The impact of managing increased market access and opportunities for SPS producers are crucial to avoiding additional deforestation. Further understanding of the underlying antecedents of common factors, such as perceptions of silvopastoral systems, would reduce the risk of perverse policy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C O Alvarado Sandino
- Rural Economy, Environment and Society, SRUC, The Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A P Barnes
- Rural Economy, Environment and Society, SRUC, The Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - I Sepúlveda
- Rural Economy, Environment and Society, SRUC, The Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M P D Garratt
- Sustainable Land Management, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - J Thompson
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, UK
| | - M P Escobar-Tello
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford House, Bristol, UK
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Davies RL, Thompson J, McGuire R, Smith JE, Webster S, Woolley T. Haemostatic resuscitation in practice: a descriptive analysis of blood products administered during Operation HERRICK, Afghanistan. BMJ Mil Health 2023:e002408. [PMID: 37400127 DOI: 10.1136/military-2023-002408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Life-threatening haemorrhage is the leading cause of potentially survivable injury in battlefield casualties. During Operation HERRICK (Afghanistan), mortality rates improved year on year due to a number of advances in trauma care, including haemostatic resuscitation. Blood transfusion practice has not previously been reported in detail during this period. METHODS A retrospective analysis of blood transfusion at the UK role 3 medical treatment facility (MTF) at Camp Bastion between March 2006 and September 2014 was performed. Data were extracted from two sources: the UK Joint Theatre Trauma Registry (JTTR) and the newly established Deployed Blood Transfusion Database (DBTD). RESULTS 3840 casualties were transfused 72 138 units of blood and blood products. 2709 adult casualties (71%) were fully linked with JTTR data and were transfused a total of 59 842 units. Casualties received between 1 unit and 264 units of blood product with a median of 13 units per patient. Casualties wounded by explosion required almost twice the volume of blood product transfusion as those wounded by small arms fire or in a motor vehicle collision (18 units, 9 units, and 10 units, respectively). More than half of blood products were transfused within the first 2 hours following arrival at the MTF. There was a trend towards balanced resuscitation with more equal ratios of blood and blood products being used over time. CONCLUSION This study has defined the epidemiology of blood transfusion practice during Operation HERRICK. The DBTD is the largest combined trauma database of its kind. It will ensure that lessons learnt during this period are defined and not forgotten; it should also allow further research questions to be answered in this important area of resuscitation practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys L Davies
- Anaesthetic Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Academic Department of Military Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Thompson
- Academic Department of Military Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - J E Smith
- Academic Department of Military Emergency Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
- Emergency Department, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - S Webster
- Academic Department of Military Emergency Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Woolley
- Academic Department of Military Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
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Kelly BD, Ptasznik G, Roberts MJ, Doan P, Stricker P, Thompson J, Buteau J, Chen K, Alghazo O, O'Brien JS, Hofman MS, Frydenberg M, Lawrentschuk N, Lundon D, Murphy DG, Emmett L, Moon D. A Novel Risk Calculator Incorporating Clinical Parameters, Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography for Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification Before Transperineal Prostate Biopsy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2023; 53:90-97. [PMID: 37441340 PMCID: PMC10334234 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can detect multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-invisible prostate tumours and improve the sensitivity of detection of prostate cancer (PCa) in comparison to mpMRI alone. Numerous risk calculators have been validated as tools for stratification of men at risk of being diagnosed with clinically significant (cs)PCa. Objective To develop a novel risk calculator using clinical parameters and imaging parameters from mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT in a cohort of patients undergoing mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT before biopsy. Design setting and participants A total of 291 men from the PRIMARY prospective trial underwent mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT before transperineal prostate biopsy with sampling of systematic and targeted cores. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Novel risk calculators were developed using multivariable logistic regression analysis to predict detection of overall PCa (International Society of Urological Pathology grade group [GG] ≥1) and csPCa (GG ≥2). The risk calculators were then compared with the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer risk calculator incorporating mpMRI (ERSPC-MRI). Resampling methods were used to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the risk calculators and to perform decision curve analysis. Results and limitations Age, prostate-specific antigen, prostate volume, and mpMRI Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System scores were included in the MRI risk calculator, resulting in area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.791 for overall PCa (GG ≥1) and 0.812 for csPCa (GG ≥2). Addition of the maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) on PSMA PET/CT for the prostate lesion, and of SUVmax for the mpMRI lesions for the MRI-PSMA risk calculator resulted in AUCs of 0.831 for overall PCa and 0.876 for csPCa (≥ISUP2).The ERSPC-MRI risk calculator had AUCs of 0.758 (p = 0.02) for overall PCa and 0.805 (p = 0.001) for csPCa. Both the MRI and MRI-PSMA risk calculators were superior to the ERSPC-MRI for both overall PCa and csPCa. Conclusions These novel risk calculators incorporate clinical and radiological parameters for stratification of men at risk of csPCa. The risk calculator including PSMA PET/CT data is superior to a calculator incorporating mpMRI data alone. Patient summary We evaluated a new risk calculator that uses clinical information and results from two types of scan to predict the risk of clinically significant prostate cancer on prostate biopsy. This risk model can guide patients and clinicians in shared decision-making and may help in avoiding unnecessary prostate biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D. Kelly
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Urology, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gideon Ptasznik
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Paul Doan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | | | | | - James Buteau
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging and Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence, Peter MacCallum Cancer, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kenneth Chen
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Omar Alghazo
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan S. O'Brien
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael S. Hofman
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging and Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence, Peter MacCallum Cancer, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Frydenberg
- Department of Surgery, Monash University and Cabrini Institute, Cabrini Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nathan Lawrentschuk
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dara Lundon
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Declan G. Murphy
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louise Emmett
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Daniel Moon
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Nava V, Chandra S, Aherne J, Alfonso MB, Antão-Geraldes AM, Attermeyer K, Bao R, Bartrons M, Berger SA, Biernaczyk M, Bissen R, Brookes JD, Brown D, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Canle M, Capelli C, Carballeira R, Cereijo JL, Chawchai S, Christensen ST, Christoffersen KS, de Eyto E, Delgado J, Dornan TN, Doubek JP, Dusaucy J, Erina O, Ersoy Z, Feuchtmayr H, Frezzotti ML, Galafassi S, Gateuille D, Gonçalves V, Grossart HP, Hamilton DP, Harris TD, Kangur K, Kankılıç GB, Kessler R, Kiel C, Krynak EM, Leiva-Presa À, Lepori F, Matias MG, Matsuzaki SIS, McElarney Y, Messyasz B, Mitchell M, Mlambo MC, Motitsoe SN, Nandini S, Orlandi V, Owens C, Özkundakci D, Pinnow S, Pociecha A, Raposeiro PM, Rõõm EI, Rotta F, Salmaso N, Sarma SSS, Sartirana D, Scordo F, Sibomana C, Siewert D, Stepanowska K, Tavşanoğlu ÜN, Tereshina M, Thompson J, Tolotti M, Valois A, Verburg P, Welsh B, Wesolek B, Weyhenmeyer GA, Wu N, Zawisza E, Zink L, Leoni B. Plastic debris in lakes and reservoirs. Nature 2023; 619:317-322. [PMID: 37438590 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastic debris is thought to be widespread in freshwater ecosystems globally1. However, a lack of comprehensive and comparable data makes rigorous assessment of its distribution challenging2,3. Here we present a standardized cross-national survey that assesses the abundance and type of plastic debris (>250 μm) in freshwater ecosystems. We sample surface waters of 38 lakes and reservoirs, distributed across gradients of geographical position and limnological attributes, with the aim to identify factors associated with an increased observation of plastics. We find plastic debris in all studied lakes and reservoirs, suggesting that these ecosystems play a key role in the plastic-pollution cycle. Our results indicate that two types of lakes are particularly vulnerable to plastic contamination: lakes and reservoirs in densely populated and urbanized areas and large lakes and reservoirs with elevated deposition areas, long water-retention times and high levels of anthropogenic influence. Plastic concentrations vary widely among lakes; in the most polluted, concentrations reach or even exceed those reported in the subtropical oceanic gyres, marine areas collecting large amounts of debris4. Our findings highlight the importance of including lakes and reservoirs when addressing plastic pollution, in the context of pollution management and for the continued provision of lake ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Nava
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sudeep Chandra
- Global Water Center, Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Julian Aherne
- School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada
| | - María B Alfonso
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ana M Antão-Geraldes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Katrin Attermeyer
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roberto Bao
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), GRICA Group, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mireia Bartrons
- Aquatic Ecology Group, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Stella A Berger
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
| | - Marcin Biernaczyk
- Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Raphael Bissen
- Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Justin D Brookes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David Brown
- Department of Environmental Data, Horizons Regional Council, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), FEHM-Lab, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Moisés Canle
- Cátedra EMALCSA-UDC, React! Group, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Camilla Capelli
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Carballeira
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), GRICA Group, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis Cereijo
- Water and Environmental Engineering Group, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Jorge Delgado
- Water and Environmental Engineering Group, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Tyler N Dornan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan P Doubek
- School of Natural Resources & Environment, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, MI, USA
- Center for Freshwater Research and Education, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, MI, USA
| | - Julia Dusaucy
- Savoie Mont Blanc University, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, Chambéry, France
| | - Oxana Erina
- Department of Hydrology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Fisheries, Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (FCU), Moscow, Russia
| | - Zeynep Ersoy
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Rui Nabeiro Biodiversity Chair, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Heidrun Feuchtmayr
- Lake Ecosystems Group, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Luce Frezzotti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Galafassi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Verbania, Italy
| | - David Gateuille
- Savoie Mont Blanc University, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, Chambéry, France
| | - Vitor Gonçalves
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning; UNESCO Chair - Land Within Sea: Biodiversity & Sustainability in Atlantic Islands, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Açores, Portugal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - David P Hamilton
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ted D Harris
- Kansas Biological Survey & Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Külli Kangur
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Rebecca Kessler
- Kansas Biological Survey & Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Christine Kiel
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
| | - Edward M Krynak
- Global Water Center, Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Àngels Leiva-Presa
- Aquatic Ecology Group, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Fabio Lepori
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Miguel G Matias
- Rui Nabeiro Biodiversity Chair, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yvonne McElarney
- Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Beata Messyasz
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mark Mitchell
- Department of Science and Innovation, Horizons Regional Council, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Musa C Mlambo
- Department of Freshwater Invertebrates, Albany Museum, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Samuel N Motitsoe
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Sarma Nandini
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Valentina Orlandi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Caroline Owens
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Deniz Özkundakci
- Environmental Research Institute - Te Pūtahi Rangahau Taiao, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Solvig Pinnow
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Pociecha
- Department of Freshwater Biology, Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pedro Miguel Raposeiro
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning; UNESCO Chair - Land Within Sea: Biodiversity & Sustainability in Atlantic Islands, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Açores, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Eva-Ingrid Rõõm
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Federica Rotta
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Nico Salmaso
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - S S S Sarma
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Davide Sartirana
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Facundo Scordo
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Geografía y Turismo, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Claver Sibomana
- Center of Research in Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | | | - Katarzyna Stepanowska
- Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Maria Tereshina
- Department of Hydrology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - James Thompson
- Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - Monica Tolotti
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Amanda Valois
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Freshwater Ecology, Hamilton and Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Piet Verburg
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Freshwater Ecology, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Brittany Welsh
- School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada
| | - Brian Wesolek
- Biological Services Department, Bay Mills Indian Community, Brimley, MI, USA
| | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology Group, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Naicheng Wu
- Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Edyta Zawisza
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lauren Zink
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Barbara Leoni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Thompson J, Schoenbaum TR, Pannu D, Knoernschild K. Survival analysis of zirconia implant-supported, fixed complete dentures: A 5-year retrospective cohort study. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00288-3. [PMID: 37286415 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Existing data on the mid-term to long-term survival rates of zirconia implant-supported, fixed complete dentures (Zir-IFCDs) are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to assess the prosthetic survival rate in patients treated with Zir-IFCDs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The patient record system at the Dental College of Georgia (DCG), Augusta University was searched to identify all patients treated with Zir-IFCDs from 2015 through 2022 by the DCG graduate prosthodontic, general practice residency, and Advanced Education in General Dentistry (AEGD) programs. Reasons for replacement were grouped as failure of veneering porcelain, framework fracture, implant loss, patient-driven concerns, excessive occlusal wear, and other. RESULTS A total of 67 arches were found that met the inclusion criteria, 46 maxillary and 21 mandibular. The median follow-up time was 8.5 months (interquartile range, 2.7 to 30.9 months). A total of 9 of the 67 arches were identified as having failed (4 maxillary, 5 mandibular), requiring replacement. Reasons for failure were as follows: 3 framework fractures, 2 implant losses, 2 patient-related concerns, 1 fracture of veneering porcelain, and 1 unknown. The combined survival rate (Kaplan-Meier, log-normal modeling) for Zir-IFCDs was 88.8% at 1 year and 72.5% at 5 years CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings, the Zir-IFCDs investigated had a survival rate lower than that reported in similar studies, though higher than published results for metal-acrylic resin-IFCDs. The most common source of failure was fracture of the zirconia framework. Thickness of the zirconia framework, interocclusal space, cantilever length, occlusal force, and status of the opposing dentition may have been associated with framework failures and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Thompson
- Resident, Department of Restorative Sciences, Advanced Education in Prosthodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Todd R Schoenbaum
- Professor, Department of Restorative Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA.
| | - Darshanjit Pannu
- Program Director, Department of Prosthodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Kent Knoernschild
- Department Chair, Department of Restorative Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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22
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England A, Thompson J, Dorey S, Al-Islam S, Long M, Maiorino C, McEntee MF. A comparison of perceived image quality between computer display monitors and augmented reality smart glasses. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:641-646. [PMID: 37130492 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Augmented-reality (AR) smart glasses provide an alternative to standard computer display monitors (CDM). AR smart glasses may provide an opportunity to improve visualisation during fluoroscopy and interventional radiology (IR) procedures when there can be difficulty in viewing intra-procedural images on a CDM. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographer perception of image quality (IQ) when comparing CDM and AR smart glasses. METHODS 38 radiographers attending an international congress evaluated ten fluoroscopic-guided surgery and IR images on both a CDM (1920 × 1200 pixels) and a set of Epson Moverio BT-40 AR smart glasses (1920 × 1080 pixels). Participants provided oral responses to pre-defined IQ questions generated by study researchers. Summative IQ scores for each participant/image were compared between CDM and AR smart glasses. RESULTS Of the 38 participants, the mean age was 39 ± 1 years. 23 (60.5%) participants required corrective glasses. In terms of generalisability, participants were from 12 different countries, the majority (n = 9, 23.7%) from the United Kingdom. For eight out of ten images, the AR smart glasses demonstrated a statistically significant increase in perceived IQ (median [IQR] 2.0 [-1.0 to 7.0] points) when compared to the CDM. CONCLUSION AR smart glasses appear to show improvements in perceived IQ when compared to a CDM. AR smart glasses could provide an option for improving the experiences of radiographers involved in image-guided procedures and should be subject to further clinical evaluations. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Opportunities exist to improve perceived IQ for radiographers when reviewing fluoroscopy and IR images. AR smart glasses should be further evaluated as a potential opportunity to improve practice when visual attention is split between positioning equipment and image review.
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Affiliation(s)
- A England
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - J Thompson
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Barrow-in-Furness, UK
| | - S Dorey
- Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Tameside, UK
| | - S Al-Islam
- East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, UK
| | - M Long
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Maiorino
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - M F McEntee
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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23
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Doan P, Katelaris A, Scheltema MJ, Hayen A, Amin A, Siriwardana A, Tran M, Geboers B, Gondoputro W, Haynes AM, Matthews J, Delprado W, Stricker PD, Thompson J. The relationship between biochemical recurrence and number of lymph nodes removed during surgery for localized prostate cancer. BMC Urol 2023; 23:68. [PMID: 37118731 PMCID: PMC10148506 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether completeness of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) as measured by lymph node yield reduces biochemical recurrence (BCR) in men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer (PCa), stratified according to Briganti nomogram-derived risk (≥5% vs. < 5%) of lymph node invasion (LNI). METHODS Retrospective study of 3724 men who underwent RP between January 1995 and January 2015 from our prospectively collected institutional database. All men included had minimum five years follow-up and were not given androgen deprivation therapy or radiotherapy prior to BCR. Primary endpoint was time to BCR as defined by PSA > 0.2ng/ml. Patients were analysed according to Briganti Nomogram derived risk of 'low-risk' (< 5%) vs. 'high-risk' (≥ 5%). Extent of PLND was analysed using number of nodes yielded at dissection as a continuous variable as well as a categorical variable: Group 1 (limited, 1-4 nodes), Group 2 (intermediate, 5-8 nodes) and Group 3(extensive, ≥9 nodes). RESULTS Median follow-up in the overall cohort was 79.7 months and 65% of the total cohort underwent PLND. There were 2402 patients with Briganti risk of LNI < 5% and 1322 with a Briganti risk of LNI ≥5%. At multivariate analysis, only PSA (HR1.01, p < 0.001), extracapsular extension at RP (HR 1.86, p < 0.001), positive surgical margin (HR 1.61, p < 0.001) and positive lymph node on pathology (HR 1.52, p = 0.02) were independently associated with BCR. In the high-risk group, increased nodal yield at PLND was associated with reduction in risk of BCR (HR 0.97, 95%CI 0.95-1.00 p = 0.05, Cochran Mantel Haenszel test, p < 0.05: respectively). In the low-risk group increased number of nodes at PLND did not reduce risk of BCR. CONCLUSIONS In this study of extent of PLND at RP, higher nodal yield did not reduce risk of BCR in low-risk men (Briganti risk < 5%), however there was a weak benefit in terms of reduced long-term risk of BCR in high-risk men (Briganti risk ≥5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Doan
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia.
| | - Athos Katelaris
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthijs J Scheltema
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
- Departments of Urology and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (location VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew Hayen
- Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amer Amin
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Amila Siriwardana
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Minh Tran
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bart Geboers
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
- Departments of Urology and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (location VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - William Gondoputro
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Maree Haynes
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Jayne Matthews
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Phillip D Stricker
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Department of Urology, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, 384 Victoria St, 2010, NSW, Australia
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Laundon D, Katsamenis OL, Thompson J, Goggin P, Chatelet DS, Chavatte-Palmer P, Gostling NJ, Lewis RM. Correlative multiscale microCT-SBF-SEM imaging of resin-embedded tissue. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 177:241-267. [PMID: 37451769 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional biological microscopy presents a trade-off between spatial resolution and field of view. Correlative approaches applying multiple imaging techniques to the same sample can therefore mitigate against these trade-offs. Here, we present a workflow for correlative microscopic X-ray microfocus computed tomography (microCT) and serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) imaging of resin-embedded tissue, using mammalian placental tissue samples as an example. This correlative X-ray and electron microscopy (CXEM) workflow allows users to image the same sample at multiple resolutions, and target the region of interest (ROI) for SBF-SEM based on microCT. We detail the protocols associated with this workflow and demonstrate its application in multiscale imaging of horse placental villi and ROI selection in the labyrinthine zone of a mouse placenta. These examples demonstrate how the protocol may need to be adapted for tissues with different densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis Laundon
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Orestis L Katsamenis
- μ-VIS X-Ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - James Thompson
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David S Chatelet
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Neil J Gostling
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan M Lewis
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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25
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Mehta B, Goodman S, DiCarlo E, Jannat-Khah D, Gibbons JAB, Otero M, Donlin L, Pannellini T, Robinson WH, Sculco P, Figgie M, Rodriguez J, Kirschmann JM, Thompson J, Slater D, Frezza D, Xu Z, Wang F, Orange DE. Machine learning identification of thresholds to discriminate osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis synovial inflammation. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:31. [PMID: 36864474 PMCID: PMC9979511 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to identify features that distinguish osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained synovial tissue samples. METHODS We compared fourteen pathologist-scored histology features and computer vision-quantified cell density (147 OA and 60 RA patients) in H&E-stained synovial tissue samples from total knee replacement (TKR) explants. A random forest model was trained using disease state (OA vs RA) as a classifier and histology features and/or computer vision-quantified cell density as inputs. RESULTS Synovium from OA patients had increased mast cells and fibrosis (p < 0.001), while synovium from RA patients exhibited increased lymphocytic inflammation, lining hyperplasia, neutrophils, detritus, plasma cells, binucleate plasma cells, sub-lining giant cells, fibrin (all p < 0.001), Russell bodies (p = 0.019), and synovial lining giant cells (p = 0.003). Fourteen pathologist-scored features allowed for discrimination between OA and RA, producing a micro-averaged area under the receiver operating curve (micro-AUC) of 0.85±0.06. This discriminatory ability was comparable to that of computer vision cell density alone (micro-AUC = 0.87±0.04). Combining the pathologist scores with the cell density metric improved the discriminatory power of the model (micro-AUC = 0.92±0.06). The optimal cell density threshold to distinguish OA from RA synovium was 3400 cells/mm2, which yielded a sensitivity of 0.82 and specificity of 0.82. CONCLUSIONS H&E-stained images of TKR explant synovium can be correctly classified as OA or RA in 82% of samples. Cell density greater than 3400 cells/mm2 and the presence of mast cells and fibrosis are the most important features for making this distinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella Mehta
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Susan Goodman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward DiCarlo
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deanna Jannat-Khah
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Alex B Gibbons
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Otero
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Donlin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Peter Sculco
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark Figgie
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fei Wang
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dana E Orange
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10009, USA
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Rumman N, Fassad MR, Driessens C, Goggin P, Abdelrahman N, Adwan A, Albakri M, Chopra J, Doherty R, Fashho B, Freke GM, Hasaballah A, Jackson CL, Mohamed MA, Abu Nema R, Patel MP, Pengelly RJ, Qaaqour A, Rubbo B, Thomas NS, Thompson J, Walker WT, Wheway G, Mitchison HM, Lucas JS. The Palestinian primary ciliary dyskinesia population: first results of the diagnostic and genetic spectrum. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00714-2022. [PMID: 37077557 PMCID: PMC10107064 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00714-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diagnostic testing for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) started in 2013 in Palestine. We aimed to describe the diagnostic, genetic and clinical spectrum of the Palestinian PCD population. Methods Individuals with symptoms suggestive of PCD were opportunistically considered for diagnostic testing: nasal nitric oxide (nNO) measurement, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or PCD genetic panel or whole-exome testing. Clinical characteristics of those with a positive diagnosis were collected close to testing including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) Global Lung Index z-scores and body mass index z-scores. Results 68 individuals had a definite positive PCD diagnosis, 31 confirmed by genetic and TEM results, 23 by TEM results alone, and 14 by genetic variants alone. 45 individuals from 40 families had 17 clinically actionable variants and four had variants of unknown significance in 14 PCD genes. CCDC39, DNAH11 and DNAAF11 were the most commonly mutated genes. 100% of variants were homozygous. Patients had a median age of 10.0 years at diagnosis, were highly consanguineous (93%) and 100% were of Arabic descent. Clinical features included persistent wet cough (99%), neonatal respiratory distress (84%) and situs inversus (43%). Lung function at diagnosis was already impaired (FEV1 z-score median -1.90 (-5.0-1.32)) and growth was mostly within the normal range (z-score mean -0.36 (-3.03-2.57). 19% individuals had finger clubbing. Conclusions Despite limited local resources in Palestine, detailed geno- and phenotyping forms the basis of one of the largest national PCD populations globally. There was notable familial homozygosity within the context of significant population heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisreen Rumman
- Pediatric Department, Makassed Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestine
- Caritas Hospital, Bethlehem, Palestine
- Al-Quds University, School of Medicine, East Jerusalem, Palestine
- Joint first authors
| | - Mahmoud R. Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Joint first authors
| | - Corine Driessens
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Joint first authors
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Joint first authors
| | - Nader Abdelrahman
- Internal Medicine Department, Makassed Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Adel Adwan
- Al-Quds University, School of Medicine, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Mutaz Albakri
- Internal Medicine Department, Makassed Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Jagrati Chopra
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Regan Doherty
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Grace M. Freke
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | - Claire L. Jackson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Mai A. Mohamed
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqiyah, Egypt
| | | | - Mitali P. Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Reuben J. Pengelly
- Human Development and Health, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Ahmad Qaaqour
- Internal Medicine Department, Makassed Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Bruna Rubbo
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - N. Simon Thomas
- Human Development and Health, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
| | - James Thompson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Woolf T. Walker
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- Human Development and Health, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Hannah M. Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Joint senior authors
| | - Jane S. Lucas
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Joint senior authors
- Corresponding author: Jane S. Lucas ()
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Katelaris A, Amin A, Blazevski A, Scheltema MJ, Cusick T, Farraha M, Barreto D, Haynes AM, Gondoputro W, Agrawal S, Stricker P, Thompson J. Outcomes for active surveillance are similar for men with favourable risk ISUP-2 to those with ISUP-1 prostate cancer: A pair matched cohort study. Journal of Clinical Urology 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/20514158231154702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare medium-term outcomes of active surveillance (AS) for men with favourable risk International Society for Urologic Pathology (ISUP)-2 prostate cancer (PCa) to a pair matched group of men with ISUP-1 PCa. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from a single institution clinical outcomes registry, using propensity score matching. Men enrolled on AS with favourable risk ISUP-2 PCa with minimum 5-year follow-up were 1:2 propensity score matched to men with ISUP-1 disease. We assessed rates of progression to treatment, metastatic disease, adverse surgical pathology and overall survival. Results: Fifty-five ISUP-2 patients were matched to 105 ISUP-1 patients by propensity score. Median follow-up was 81 months (interquartile range (IQR), 61–109 months). Fifty-seven per cent in the ISUP-1 group progressed to treatment versus 58% in the ISUP-2 group (KM log rank p = 0.24). Estimated 1-, 2- and 5-year progression free survival rates were 93%, 60% and 33% for ISUP-1 patients and 94%, 63% and 16% for ISUP-2 patients, respectively. No patient from either group died of PCa. There was no statistical difference in rates of adverse pathology or metastatic disease between ISUP-2 and ISUP-1 patients on AS. Conclusion: AS for carefully selected men with favourable risk ISUP-2 disease appears safe, with similar oncologic outcomes to men with ISUP-1 disease. Level of evidence: Level 2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athos Katelaris
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Australia
| | - Amer Amin
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Australia
| | - Alexandar Blazevski
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Australia
| | - Matthijs J Scheltema
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | | | - Melad Farraha
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
| | - Daniela Barreto
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
| | - Anne Maree Haynes
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
| | - William Gondoputro
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Australia
| | - Shikha Agrawal
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Australia
| | - Phillip Stricker
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
- St Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Australia
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Australia
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Devlin LA, Coles J, Jackson CL, Barroso-Gil M, Green B, Walker WT, Thomas NS, Thompson J, Rock SA, Neatu R, Powell L, Molinari E, Wilson IJ, Cordell HJ, Olinger E, Miles CG, Sayer JA, Wheway G, Lucas JS. Biallelic variants in CEP164 cause a motile ciliopathy-like syndrome. Clin Genet 2023; 103:330-334. [PMID: 36273371 PMCID: PMC10099168 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ciliopathies may be classed as primary or motile depending on the underlying ciliary defect and are usually considered distinct clinical entities. Primary ciliopathies are associated with multisystem syndromes typically affecting the brain, kidney, and eye, as well as other organ systems such as the liver, skeleton, auditory system, and metabolism. Motile ciliopathies are a heterogenous group of disorders with defects in specialised motile ciliated tissues found within the lung, brain, and reproductive system, and are associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia, bronchiectasis, infertility and rarely hydrocephalus. Primary and motile cilia share defined core ultra-structures with an overlapping proteome, and human disease phenotypes can reflect both primary and motile ciliopathies. CEP164 encodes a centrosomal distal appendage protein vital for primary ciliogenesis. Human CEP164 mutations are typically described in patients with nephronophthisis-related primary ciliopathies but have also been implicated in motile ciliary dysfunction. Here we describe a patient with an atypical motile ciliopathy phenotype and biallelic CEP164 variants. This work provides further evidence that CEP164 mutations can contribute to both primary and motile ciliopathy syndromes, supporting their functional and clinical overlap, and informs the investigation and management of CEP164 ciliopathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Devlin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Janice Coles
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Claire L Jackson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Miguel Barroso-Gil
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ben Green
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Woolf T Walker
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - N Simon Thomas
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NSF Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
| | - James Thompson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Simon A Rock
- North East Innovation Lab, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Biosphere, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ruxandra Neatu
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Laura Powell
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elisa Molinari
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ian J Wilson
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eric Olinger
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Colin G Miles
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John A Sayer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Renal Services Centre, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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29
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Buteau JP, Moon D, Fahey MT, Roberts M, Thompson J, Murphy DG, Papa N, Mitchell C, Kasivisvanathan V, Stricker P, O'Brien J, Counter W, Sharma G, Agrawal S, Ho B, Yeung T, De Abreu Lourenço R, Dhillon HM, Hofman MS, Emmett L. PRIMARY2: A phase III, multi-centre, randomised controlled trial investigating the additive diagnostic value of [ 68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in men with negative/equivocal MRI in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.6_suppl.tps397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
TPS397 Background: Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has an established role for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (sPCa), with superior diagnostic accuracy compared with transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy alone. PRIMARY demonstrated significant improvement in sensitivity (97% vs 83%) and negative predictive value (91% vs 72%) with the addition of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (PSMA PET/CT) vs MRI alone. Furthermore, 38% of patients with PI-RADS 2 or 3 were true negative on PSMA PET/CT, a population which may potentially benefit from avoiding transperineal prostate biopsy (TPPB). We hypothesize that the addition of PSMA PET/CT is non-inferior to MRI for the detection of sPCa in men with PI-RADS 2-3 disease, while providing the advantages of reducing unnecessary biopsies and limiting to targeted-only TPPB. Methods: This multi-centre, two-arm, randomized controlled, phase III trial will recruit 660 men with high clinical suspicion of sPC. Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio in permuted blocks, stratified by center. In the experimental arm, participants will undergo a pelvic PSMA PET/CT. Local and central reviewers will interpret independently, based on the PRIMARY Score. Participants with a positive result will undergo targeted-TPPB, whereas those with negative PSMA PET/CT will avoid biopsy. In the control arm, all participants undergo template-TPPB. Patients will continue follow-up for subsequent clinical care for up to two years post-randomization. Key eligibility criteria include an MRI result of PI-RADS 2 with at least one red flag [PSA density >0.1, abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE), strong family history, BRCA mutation, PSA >10, PSA doubling time <36 months, PSA velocity >0.75/year], or PI-RADS 3, having never undergone a prostate biopsy, <cT3 on DRE, and PSA ≤20 ng/mL. The co-primary objectives are to estimate the percentage difference in sPCa between the experimental and control arms, and the percentage of participants who avoid TPPB in the experimental arm. The primary endpoints will be analyzed on the intention-to-treat principle. The main secondary objectives are the percentage difference between arms in insignificant prostate cancer, in complications following biopsy, in health-related quality of life, generalized anxiety, cancer worry, as well as the health economics impact. Patient enrolment began in March 2022, with recruitment expected to take 36 months. Clinical trial information: NCT05154162 .
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Affiliation(s)
- James Patrick Buteau
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging; Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel Moon
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael T Fahey
- Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Roberts
- Department of Urology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- Department of Urology, St. George Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Declan G. Murphy
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan Papa
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catherine Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Veeru Kasivisvanathan
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phillip Stricker
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent’s Hospital Sydney; St. Vincent’s Prostate Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jonathan O'Brien
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - William Counter
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shikha Agrawal
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bao Ho
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Theresa Yeung
- Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Peter Maccallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard De Abreu Lourenço
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Haryana M. Dhillon
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-based Decision-making, Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael S Hofman
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging; Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise Emmett
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Guerisoli MM, Fergnani DM, Fracassi NG, Thompson J, Pereira JA. Activity patterns of the marsh deer: Effects of proxies of human movement, cattle presence, and moon phases on its behavior. J Zool (1987) 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Guerisoli
- División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN‐CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - D. M. Fergnani
- División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN‐CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - N. G. Fracassi
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Paraná de las Palmas and Canal Laurentino Comas (2804) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - J. Thompson
- Guyra Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay Instituto Saite, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) Asunción Paraguay
| | - J. A. Pereira
- División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN‐CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
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Thompson J. From training to education: Understanding and responding to the resuscitation education issues with ideas and theory. J Eval Clin Pract 2023; 29:228-232. [PMID: 35691045 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alongside medical science, educational efficiency and local implementation have been identified as the three leading themes that influence cardiac arrest survival outcomes. Where the medical science domain continues to inform the contemporary evidence for the optimal practice, the remaining two education themes continue to face criticism linked to the poor sustainability of clinician resuscitation skills, with a rapid decay in abilities often evident soon after training and certification. The European Resuscitation Council recently reasserted the importance of programmes to reflect educational best practices and learning theory. DISCUSSION This paper discusses a selection of key contemporary theoretical themes, which directly relate to several specific ongoing education concerns. RECCOMENDATIONS Beyond questioning the effectiveness of current conventions to achieve sustainable knowledge and skills for the long term, it is suggested that common approaches may not be sufficient to prepare clinicians or certify competency for the complexities of these future events and that a major pedagogical shift may be required to teaching and assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Thompson
- College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Przespolewski ER, Baron J, Kashef F, Fu K, Jani Sait SN, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri F, Thompson J. Concomitant Venetoclax and Imatinib for Comanaging Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2023; 21:102-107. [PMID: 36791756 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.7069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with synchronous malignancies can be problematic to diagnose and manage because workup and therapeutic targeting for each individual malignancy must be coordinated carefully. This report presents a patient with concurrent chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) managed with concomitant venetoclax and imatinib. Because imatinib is a moderate cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor, close monitoring is required when using with a substrate of 3A4 such as venetoclax. Although the target dose of venetoclax is 400 mg, it was capped at 100 mg due to the interaction. Despite the interaction and possible enhancement of toxicities, the patient has tolerated therapy well, and both diseases have responded to this novel approach. In addition, because aberrant BCL-2 activity has been implicated in CML, the use of venetoclax may contribute to success in the management of this patient's CML. This case report represents the safe concomitant use of venetoclax and imatinib in a patient with synchronous CML and CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey Baron
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Farshid Kashef
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.,Kaleida Health, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kai Fu
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | | | | | - James Thompson
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Pessin M, Campos-Chillon F, Hanna J, Thompson J. 50 Effects of lipoic acid, L-carnitine, and vitamin C on oocyte maturation and cryopreservation of. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Thompson J, Hanna J, Pessin M, Campos-Chillon F. 217 Effects of mature - recombinant GDF9 and BMP15 on. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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35
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Hanna J, Thompson J, Pessin M, Jeffs E, Campos-Chillon F. 221 Supplementation of bovine oocyte maturation media with umbilical cord-derived exosomes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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36
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Ptasznik G, Papa N, Kelly BD, Thompson J, Stricker P, Roberts MJ, Hofman MS, Buteau J, Murphy DG, Emmett L, Moon D. High prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) maximum standardized uptake value in men with PI-RADS score 4 or 5 confers a high probability of significant prostate cancer. BJU Int 2022; 130 Suppl 3:5-7. [PMID: 35362659 PMCID: PMC9790460 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Ptasznik
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Nathan Papa
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Brian D. Kelly
- Division of Cancer SurgeryPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVic.Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - James Thompson
- St Vincent's Prostate Cancer CentreDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,The Kinghorn Cancer CentreDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
| | - Phillip Stricker
- School of Public Health and Community MedicineKensingtonNSWAustralia
| | - Matthew J. Roberts
- Department of UrologyRoyal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQldAustralia,Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchBrisbaneQldAustralia
| | - Michael S. Hofman
- Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence (ProsTIC) and Cancer ImagingPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - James Buteau
- Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence (ProsTIC) and Cancer ImagingPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Declan G. Murphy
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Louise Emmett
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear MedicineSt Vincent's Hospital SydneyDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,St Vincent's Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Daniel Moon
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia,Royal Melbourne Hospital Clinical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
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Joe R, Matsumura Y, Siddiqui A, Foulks J, Beg M, Thompson J, Yamamoto N, Spira A, Sarantopoulos J, Melear J, Lou Y, Lebedinsky C, Li J, Watanabe A, Warner S. The AXL inhibitor, TP-0903, reverses EMT and shows activity in non-small cell lung cancer preclinical models. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lee N, Canagasingham A, Bajaj M, Shanmugasundaram R, Hutton A, Bucci J, Graham P, Thompson J, Ni J. Urine exosomes as biomarkers in bladder cancer diagnosis and prognosis: From functional roles to clinical significance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1019391. [PMID: 36203422 PMCID: PMC9530625 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1019391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the top ten most common cancers and top ten causes of cancer death globally. 5-year survival rates have decreased in Australia from 66% to 55% in the past three decades. The current gold standard for diagnosis is cystoscopy. However, cystoscopies are an invasive and health-resource intensive procedure which has sub-optimal sensitivity for flat lesions such as CIS (carcinoma in situ) and low specificity for differentiating inflammation from cancer - hence requiring biopsies under anesthesia. Frequent and life-long surveillance cystoscopy is required for most patients since there are high rates of progression and local recurrence in high-risk non-muscle invasive cancer (NMIBC) as well as poor outcomes associated with delayed detection of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). There is an unmet need for a non-invasive test to provide better discrimination and risk-stratification of bladder cancer which could aid clinicians by improving patient selection for cystoscopy; enhanced risk stratification methods may guide the frequency of surveillance cystoscopies and inform treatment choices. Exosomes, which are nano-sized extracellular vesicles containing genetic material and proteins, have been shown to have functional roles in the development and progression of bladder cancer. Exosomes have also been demonstrated to be a robust source of potential biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis and prognosis and may also have roles as therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarize the latest evidence of biological roles of exosomes in bladder cancer and highlight their clinical significance in bladder cancer diagnosis, surveillance and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Lee
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mohit Bajaj
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Anthony Hutton
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Joseph Bucci
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Graham
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: James Thompson, ; Jie Ni,
| | - Jie Ni
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: James Thompson, ; Jie Ni,
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Rej A, Avery A, Aziz I, Black CJ, Bowyer RK, Buckle RL, Seamark L, Shaw CC, Thompson J, Trott N, Williams M, Sanders DS. Diet and irritable bowel syndrome: an update from a UK consensus meeting. BMC Med 2022; 20:287. [PMID: 36096789 PMCID: PMC9469508 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a renewed interest in the role of dietary therapies to manage irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with diet high on the agenda for patients. Currently, interest has focussed on the use of traditional dietary advice (TDA), a gluten-free diet (GFD) and the low FODMAP diet (LFD). A consensus meeting was held to assess the role of these dietary therapies in IBS, in Sheffield, United Kingdom.Evidence for TDA is from case control studies and clinical experience. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated the benefit of soluble fibre in IBS. No studies have assessed TDA in comparison to a habitual or sham diet. There have been a number of RCTs demonstrating the efficacy of a GFD at short-term follow-up, with a lack of long-term outcomes. Whilst gluten may lead to symptom generation in IBS, other components of wheat may also play an important role, with recent interest in the role of fructans, wheat germ agglutinins, as well as alpha amylase trypsin inhibitors. There is good evidence for the use of a LFD at short-term follow-up, with emerging evidence demonstrating its efficacy at long-term follow-up. There is overlap between the LFD and GFD with IBS patients self-initiating gluten or wheat reduction as part of their LFD. Currently, there is a lack of evidence to suggest superiority of one diet over another, although TDA is more acceptable to patients.In view of this evidence, our consensus group recommends that dietary therapies for IBS should be offered by dietitians who first assess dietary triggers and then tailor the intervention according to patient choice. Given the lack of dietetic services, novel approaches such as employing group clinics and online webinars may maximise capacity and accessibility for patients. Further research is also required to assess the comparative efficacy of dietary therapies to other management strategies available to manage IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rej
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| | - A Avery
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - I Aziz
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - C J Black
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - R K Bowyer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal United Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - R L Buckle
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - L Seamark
- Specialist Gastroenterology Community Dietetic Service, Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Bridgwater, UK
| | - C C Shaw
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - J Thompson
- Information Manager/Specialist Gastroenterology Dietitian, Guts UK Charity, 3 St Andrews Place, London, NW1 4LB, UK
| | - N Trott
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - M Williams
- Specialist Gastroenterology Community Dietetic Service, Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Bridgwater, UK
| | - D S Sanders
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
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de Silva S, Lockhart KR, Aslan P, Nash P, Hutton A, Malouf D, Lee D, Cozzi P, MacLean F, Thompson J. Differentiation of renal masses with multi-parametric MRI: the de Silva St George classification scheme. BMC Urol 2022; 22:141. [PMID: 36057604 PMCID: PMC9441035 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop a system for multi-parametric MRI to differentiate benign from malignant solid renal masses and assess its accuracy compared to the gold standard of histopathological diagnosis. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent 3 Tesla mpMRI for further assessment of small renal tumours with specific scanning and reporting protocol incorporating T2 HASTE signal intensity, contrast enhancement ratios, apparent diffusion coefficient and presence of microscopic/macroscopic fat. All MRIs were reported prior to comparison with histopathologic diagnosis and a reporting scheme was developed. 2 × 2 contingency table analysis (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV)), Fisher Exact test were used to assess the association between suspicion of malignancy on mpMRI and histopathology, and descriptive statistics were performed. Results 67 patients were included over a 5-year period with a total of 75 renal masses. 70 masses were confirmed on histopathology (five had pathognomonic findings for angiomyolipomas; biopsy was therefore considered unethical, so these were included without histopathology). Three patients were excluded due to a non-diagnostic result, non-standardised imaging and one found to be an organising haematoma rather than a mass. Therefore 72 cases were included in analysis (in 64 patients, with seven patients having multiple tumours). Unless otherwise specified, all further statistics refer to individual tumours rather than patients. 52 (72.2%) were deemed ‘suspicious or malignant’ and 20 (27.8%) were deemed ‘benign’ on mpMRI. 51 cases (70.8%) had renal cell carcinoma confirmed. The sensitivity, NPV, specificity and PPV for MRI for detecting malignancy were 96.1%, 90%, 85.7% and 94.2% respectively, Fisher’s exact test demonstrated p < 0.0001 for the association between suspicion of malignancy on MRI and histopathology. Conclusion The de Silva St George classification scheme performed well in differentiating benign from malignant solid renal masses, and may be useful in predicting the likelihood of malignancy to determine the need for biopsy/excision. Further validation is required before this reporting system can be recommended for clinical use. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12894-022-01082-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh de Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Radiology, I-MED Radiology Network, Ground Floor, 527-533 Kingsway, Miranda, 2228, Australia.
| | | | - Peter Aslan
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Nash
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Hutton
- Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - David Malouf
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominic Lee
- Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Cozzi
- Department of Urology, Hurstville Private Hospital, Hurstville, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona MacLean
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Sonic Healthcare, Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - James Thompson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Department of Urology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
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Lim E, Reeves J, Gandhi S, Spigel D, Arrowsmith E, George D, Karlix J, Pouliot G, Hattersley M, Gangl E, James G, Thompson J, Russell D, Patel B, Kumar R, Falchook G. 1396P Phase II study of AZD4635 in combination with durvalumab or oleclumab in patients (pts) with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Rippey B, McElarney Y, Thompson J, Allen M, Gallagher M, Douglas R. Recovery targets and timescales for Lough Neagh and other lakes. Water Res 2022; 222:118858. [PMID: 35872519 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The framework, model and methods of Nürnberg were applied and evaluated in Lough Neagh and 19 other lakes in order to establish inflow phosphorus concentrations that support target lake values. Supporting concentrations, in the absence of an internal load, were derived and the effect of uncertainty in the model retention coefficient was relatively small, ±11-20 % in Lough Neagh and an average (n = 17) of ±9.7 % in the other lakes. There was further support for the model and methods from an independent estimate of the net internal load in Lough Neagh (13 % difference) and from another model in the other lakes (Supporting concentrations, which should be lower, were by an average of 11 mg P m-3). In the framework, steady state with the phosphorus load is assumed, but, based on a generic lake model, is not likely if the hydraulic residence time>0.5-0.8 yr and should lead to a decrease in phosphorus retention, which was found during three periods in Lough Neagh. Based on a compilation of internal load recovery times from 23 lakes in the literature, it could take between 8 and 20 years for lakes with an internal load to approach their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Rippey
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK.
| | | | - James Thompson
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast, UK
| | - Michelle Allen
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast, UK
| | - Mary Gallagher
- Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Antrim Roasrd, Lisburn, UK
| | - Richard Douglas
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Kurre D, Le LTM, Thompson J, Dang P, Alam A. Structural insights into a novel collapsed confirmation of human ABCB1 in a lipid environment. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322096899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mehta B, Goodman S, Dicarlo E, Jannat-Khah D, Gibbons JA, Otero M, Donlin L, Pannellini T, Robinson W, Sculco P, Figgie M, Rodriguez J, Kirschmann J, Thompson J, Slater D, Frezza D, Xu Z, Wang F, Orange D. OP0223 DISTINGUISHING OSTEOARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS SYNOVIUM WITH MACHINE LEARNING USING AUTOMATED CELL DENSITY AND PATHOLOGIST SCORES. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundJoint damage in the knee can be severe in both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) such that total knee replacement (TKR) is often the only management option. Pathological assessment of the extent or type of synovial tissue inflammation from joint explants or biopsies can be useful. However, an ongoing challenge in using semi-quantitative assessments of synovitis is the disagreement between human pathologist scores of the same sample. We previously developed and validated a computer vision algorithm to automatically count each cell nucleus in an H&E-stained synovial whole slide image and yield a value of cell density, defined as mean nuclei count per mm2 of tissue1.ObjectivesWe sought to develop methods to distinguish OA from RA based on machine learning analysis of histologic features on H&E-stained synovial tissue samples.MethodsWe measured 14 pathologist-scored histology features (137 RA and 152 OA patients) and computer vision quantified cell density (60 RA and 147 OA patients) in H&E stained synovial tissue samples from total knee replacement arthroplasty explants. A random forest model was trained using disease state (OA vs RA) as classifier and histology features and/or cell density as inputs, and feature importance scores for the model were calculated.ResultsSynovium from patients with RA exhibited increased lymphocytic inflammation, lining hyperplasia, neutrophils, detritus, plasma cells, Russell bodies, binucleate plasma cells, sub-lining giant cells, synovial lining giant cells, and fibrin (all p<0.001), while synovium from patients with OA had increased mast cells and fibrosis (both p<0.001). Fourteen pathologist-scored features allowed for discrimination between RA and OA samples, producing a macro-averaged area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.85. This discriminatory ability was comparable to that of the computer vision score of cell density alone (AUC = 0.88). Combining the pathologist scores with the cell density metric improved the discriminatory power of the model (AUC = 0.91). The three most important features in this combined model were mast cells followed by cell density and fibrosis (Figure 1). AUC values for each individual feature are provided in Table 1. The optimal cell density threshold to distinguish RA from OA synovium was 3,400 cells per mm2, which yielded a sensitivity of 0.82 and specificity of 0.82.Table 1.Area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of the synovial features in distinguishing RA and OA patientsFeatureAUCAutomated Cell Density0.88Fibrosis0.84Mast cells0.80Lining hyperplasia0.78Lymphocytic inflammation0.69Fibrin0.68Plasma cells0.66Detritus0.64Binucleate plasma cells0.60Neutrophils0.60Synovial giant cells0.58Sub-lining giant cells0.57Russell bodies0.56Germinal centers0.51Mucoid change0.50Figure 1.Importance of synovial features in distinguishing RA and OA synoviumFeature importance scores for supervised machine learning model including all 14 pathology scores and the computer vision-generated cell density.ConclusionH&E-stained images of RA and OA TKR explant synovium are distinct. We identified cell density, mast cells and fibrosis as the three most important features for making this distinction, with RA being characterized by increased cell density, low mast cells, and low fibrosis. Cell density greater than 3400 per mm2 of tissue yields a sensitivity of 0.82 and a specificity of 0.82 for distinguishing RA from OA. In the future, this can have clinical and research applications as this technique removes the requirement for subjective selection of a certain field of interest, is reproducible, and is scalable as it does not require technical expertise of a pathologist.References[1]Guan S, Mehta B…Orange DE. Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Inflammation Quantification Using Computer Vision. ACR Open Rheumatology. 2022 Jan 10;acr2.11381.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the C. Ronald MacKenzie Young Scientist Endowment Award, the Leon Lowenstein Foundation, and the Kellen Scholar Award supported by the Anna Marie and Stephen Kellen Foundation Total Knee Improvement Program.Disclosure of InterestsBella Mehta Paid instructor for: Novartis, Susan Goodman Consultant of: UCB, Grant/research support from: Novartis, Edward DiCarlo: None declared, Deanna Jannat-Khah Shareholder of: AstraZeneca, Cytodyn, and Walgreens, J. Alex Gibbons: None declared, Miguel Otero Consultant of: Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Grant/research support from: Tissue Genesis, Laura Donlin Speakers bureau: Stryker, Consultant of: Stryker, Grant/research support from: Karius, Inc, Tania Pannellini: None declared, William Robinson: None declared, Peter Sculco Consultant of: Intellijoint Surgical, DePuy Synthes, Lima Corporate, Zimmer Biomet, and EOS Imaging, Grant/research support from: Intellijoint Surgical and Zimmer Biomet, Mark Figgie Shareholder of: HS2, Mekanika, and Wishbone, Consultant of: Lima and Wishbone, Jose Rodriguez Consultant of: ConforMIS, Medacta, Exactech, Inc, and Smith & Nephew, Grant/research support from: DePuy, Exactech, Inc, and Smith & Nephew, Jessica Kirschmann: None declared, James Thompson: None declared, David Slater: None declared, Damon Frezza: None declared, Zhenxing Xu: None declared, Fei Wang: None declared, Dana Orange: None declared
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Katelaris A, Browne L, Bucci J, Malouf D, Thompson J. Long term impact of LDR brachytherapy for prostate cancer on erectile function: Single centre tertiary referral outcomes with 8-year follow up. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Walls WK, Thompson J, Brown S. Towards a unified Theory of wet Agglomeration. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Thompson J, Widdows G, Parbat M. An audit of acute respiratory antibiotic prescribing in COPD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [PMCID: PMC9383641 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac019.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Coronavirus-2 is the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. People with certain risk factors, such as having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be more likely to develop complications. Research has identified that ~7% of patients with COVID-19 have a bacterial infection, however antibiotic prescribing rates have been found to vary from 38% to 72% (1,2). Primary care is estimated to make up 75% of antibiotic prescribing and was therefore a key target to evaluate whether antimicrobial stewardship principles were being followed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Aim
To audit the adherence of antibiotic prescribing in people with COPD during the COVID-19 pandemic across a primary care network (PCN) in England against national and local guidelines.
Methods
The management of patients with COPD should follow NICE Guideline (NG) 114, NG168 and the local formulary. Three audit standards were created: 1) 100% of COPD patients should not be started on prophylactic antibiotics to reduce risk from COVID-19; 2) 100% of COPD patients should not be prescribed antibiotics for COVID-19 symptoms; 3) 90% of antibiotic prescription regimens should adhere to local and national guidelines. Prescribing data was collected from 12 practices linked to the PCN. Data of patients who had COPD, were prescribed an antibiotic, and had an indication for the antibiotic between 01/03/20 and the 30/06/20 were extracted and transferred into an anonymised spreadsheet. A total of 1088 data points were extracted. Random stratified sampling provided 300 data points for analysis, ensuring each GP surgery was represented proportionally; the required sample size to determine significance was 291. For each practice, the total number of antibiotics prescribed to COPD patients between March-June 2019 and March-June 2020 was extracted. Descriptive statistics were used to determine antibiotic prescribing adherence and overall rates of prescribing. Inferential statistics were used to compare rates of prescribing pre-vs-during the pandemic.
Results
Antibiotics were not prescribed for any patient for prophylaxis against COVID-19 (100% adherence to criteria 1). Two patients were prescribed antibiotics for ‘suspected disease caused by COVID-19’ (99.4% adherence to criteria 2). In only 28.7% of cases, the antibiotic was prescribed in line with the national and local guidelines (criteria 3). In most cases, treatment duration was the main reason for poor adherence, with longer courses of antibiotics being prescribed (7 rather than 5 days). Prescribing rates did not change significantly in 2020 compared to 2019 (1134 antibiotic prescriptions vs 1029 antibiotic prescriptions; p>0.05).
Conclusion
The audit was successful in determining that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect antibiotic prescribing rates across the PCN for people with COPD. Adherence to NICE and local guidelines was low, specifically concerning the duration of antibiotic treatment. This highlights an area for improvement; to ensure healthcare professionals across the PCN prescribe in-line with antimicrobial stewardship principles. Extracted data was limited to antibiotic prescribing and could have been expanded to include steroids to provide a fuller audit of prescribing in COPD exacerbations. A re-audit may be beneficial since the publication of NG191.
References
(1) Lansbury L, Lim B, Baskaran V, Lim WS. Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020 Aug;81(2):266-275.
(2) Seaton RA, Gibbons CL, Cooper L, Malcolm W, McKinney R, Dundas S, Griffith D, Jeffreys D, Hamilton K, Choo-Kang B, Brittain S, Guthrie D, Sneddon J. Survey of antibiotic and antifungal prescribing in patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19 in Scottish hospitals. J Infect. 2020 Dec;81(6):952-960.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thompson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - G Widdows
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - M Parbat
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
- North Solihull Primary Care Network, UK
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Essel D, Thompson J, Chapman S. The effect of an augmented reality educational tool on the motivation towards learning in pharmacy students: an evaluative survey. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac019.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Within the context of education, motivation relates to the desire students possess to engage in their learning environment. This quality is vital in determining the effort an individual expresses towards their learning and the desire they have to achieve higher academic performances (1). Educational technologies, particularly digital technologies, have long been used in post-secondary education to increase collaboration, critical thinking and motivation among students (2). The advancements in technology have led to the creation of novel augmented reality (AR) educational tools, however they have not been widely implemented or researched with the education of pharmacy students in the United Kingdom.
Aim
To identify changes of pharmacy students’ self-reported intrinsic motivation towards learning after using the ‘Pharma Compounds AR’ (PCAR) educational tool.
Methods
The PCAR tool was an image-based educational AR mobile application – it displayed 3-D models and animations of complex molecules when unique target images were scanned with the mobile’s camera. 118 stage two undergraduate Pharmacy students from a University in England were approached through cohort emails that contained a link to an online consent form and pre-intervention questionnaire. Participants were required to complete the pre-questionnaire before they received the PCAR tool for at least two months. Students were informed that they could use the tool to accommodate their learning in any way they felt appropriate. Once the intervention period ended, participants completed an online post-questionnaire. Changes in self-reported intrinsic motivation were determined with the use of adapted Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) Likert scale questions. The pre-questionnaire focused on motivation towards learning using conventional methods and their perceived usefulness, whereas the post-questionnaire focused on motivation towards learning with the PCAR tool and its perceived usefulness. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted on the IMI adapted Likert scales.
Results
A total of 68 (57.6% rr) undergraduate Pharmacy students completed the pre-questionnaire. The majority were aged 18-21(82.4%), female (70.6%) and domestic (94.1%). The post-questionnaire was completed by 30 students (44.1% rr), mainly aged 18-21 (83.3%), female (70%), and domestic (86.7%). Participants ranked their agreement to each Likert statement from 1 (not true at all) to 7 (very true). Mean agreement motivation scores were increased after the use of the PCAR tool (pre-3.88 vs post-5.15), as were the mean agreement scores of the learning tools’ perceived usefulness (pre-4.69 vs post-5.29). Dependant T-tests performed on responses of students who completed both questionnaires revealed a significant increase in students’ mean pre- and post-intervention motivation towards learning scores (p=0.000). No significance was calculated between the mean pre-and post-agreement usefulness scores (p>0.05).
Conclusion
Incorporating the PCAR tool into the education of stage two Pharmacy students significantly increased their reported motivation towards learning when compared to conventional methods, it was also reported as being a more useful learning tool. The drop in post-questionnaire responses has to be acknowledge as a limitation as well as not explicitly knowing how students used the PCAR tool in their studies. Nevertheless, the incorporation of AR into schools of Pharmacy could provide students and tutors more engaging teaching and learning experiences.
References
(1) Budiman R. Developing Learning Media Based on Augmented Reality (AR) to Improve Learning Motivation. J Educ Teach Learn. 2016 Sep;1(2):89–94. Available from: https://www.learntechlib.org/p/209026
(2) Martin F, Polly D, Coles S, Wang C. Examining higher education faculty use of current digital technologies: Importance, competence, and motivation. Int J Teach Learn High Educ. 2020;32(1):73–86.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Essel
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - J Thompson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - S Chapman
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
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Thompson J, Al-Attbi S, Patel B. Patient perceptions of clinical pharmacists in general practice. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac019.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
As a result of changes in the demands and pressures on the NHS, the role of the pharmacist has advanced from purely dispensing and compounding medicines to a more clinical and patient-centred approach to care (1). Since 2015, NHS England set a target of recruiting practice-based pharmacists into 20% of practices by 2020-2021 as a way of reducing these pressures (2). Conducting evaluations of clinical pharmacists in individual practices is essential for role integration and evolution.
Aim
To explore patient perceptions of clinical pharmacists across three general practices.
Methods
A paper-based questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions was used to gather patient perceptions on the role of a clinical pharmacist and their consultation experiences. Participants included patients over the age of 18 who had attended a face-to-face appointment with a clinical pharmacist from one of three general practice surgeries in England between November and December 2019. The clinical pharmacists were used as a gateway to recruit participants; post-consultation, the pharmacist asked patients if they would complete a questionnaire. Patients were provided with an information sheet and consent form prior to completion of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was anonymous. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.
Results
A total of 39 participants completed the questionnaire. Most participants were elderly (28%) and female (64%). The primary reason for the consultations was due to an acute illness (79%), and the most common outcome was the supply of a prescription (83%). Patients were predominantly unfamiliar with the role of a clinical pharmacist (56%) and 31% of patients reportedly thought their appointment had been with a doctor. All patients were positive about their experience and reported they would “be more than happy to see a pharmacist in the future” and that the role was “a very necessary addition to the practice”. All patients reported that their consultation was the same (51%) or better than they have had with a doctor (49%). Patients commented on the pharmacists’ consultation skills, making statements such as [they] “listened to me”, “asked me questions”, “were really good at explaining” and “spoke in a way I understood”. Clinical pharmacists were reported as being “very professional” and knowledgeable as “[they] knew more about my medication [than the doctor] and prescribed me something to help”. Patients reported that they would recommend the clinical pharmacist to their family and friends when seeking an appointment.
Conclusion
This research highlights patient acceptance towards consultations with a clinical pharmacist and reinforces the competence of pharmacists to undertake this role. A key finding related to the effective consultation skills of the pharmacists and involving the patients in their care. The number of patients who participated limits the generalisability of the findings, and the patient responses may have been a reaction to the individual clinical pharmacists rather than their thoughts on the role overall. Increased publicity and patient education of the role of a clinical pharmacist may promote a greater integration into the multidisciplinary team.
References
(1) Robertson R, Wenzel L, Thompson J, Charles A. Understanding NHS financial pressures. How are they affecting patient care. 2017. The Kings Fund. https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/default/files/field/field_publication_file/Understanding%20NHS%20financial%20pressures%20-%20full%20report.pdf
(2) NHS England 2016. General Practice Forward View. https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/gpfv.pdf
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thompson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - S Al-Attbi
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - B Patel
- Midlands Practice Pharmacy Network, UK
- Rushall Medical Centre, Walsall, West Midlands, UK
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Emmett LM, Papa N, Buteau J, Ho B, Liu V, Roberts M, Thompson J, Moon D, Sheehan-Dare G, Alghazo O, Agrawal S, Murphy DG, Stricker P, Hope TA, Hofman M. The PRIMARY Score: Using intra-prostatic PSMA PET/CT patterns to optimise prostate cancer diagnosis. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1644-1650. [PMID: 35301240 PMCID: PMC9635676 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is validated for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). 68Ga-PSMA -11 PET/CT (PSMA-PET/CT) combined with mpMRI has improved negative predictive value over mpMRI alone for csPCa. The aim of this post-hoc analysis of the PRIMARY study was to evaluate the clinical significance of patterns of intra-prostatic PSMA activity, proposing a 5- point PRIMARY score to optimise accuracy of PSMA-PET/CT for csPCa in a low prevalence population. Methods: The PRIMARY trial is a prospective multi-centre phase II imaging trial that enrolled biopsy-naïve men with suspected PCa, no prior biopsy, recent mpMRI (6 months) and planned for prostate biopsy. 291 men underwent mpMRI, PSMA-PET/CT and systematic +/- targeted biopsy. The mpMRI was read separately using PI-RADS (V2). PSMA-PET/CT (pelvic only) was acquired a minimum 60 minutes post injection. PSMA-PET/CT was centrally read for pattern (diffuse transition zone (TZ), symmetrical central zone (CZ), focal TZ or peripheral zone (PZ), and intensity (SUVmax). In this post-hoc analysis, a 5-level PRIMARY score was assigned based on analysis of the central read: 1. No pattern, 2. Diffuse TZ or CZ (no focal), 3. Focal TZ, 4. Focal PZ or 5. SUVmax ≥ 12. Two further readers independently assigned a PRIMARY score to 118 scans for inter-rater agreement. Associations between PRIMARY score and csPCa (ISUP≥2) were evaluated. Results: Of 291 men enrolled, 162 (56%) had csPCa. PRIMARY score-1 was present in 16% (47), score-2 in 19% (55), score-3 in 10% (29), score-4 in 40% (117) and score-5 in 15% (43). The proportion of patients with csPCa and PRIMARY score 1 to 5 was 8.5% (4/47), 27% (15/55), 38% (11/29), 76% (89/117) and 100% (43/43) respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for PRIMARY score 1,2 (low-risk patterns) vs PRIMARY score 3-5 (high-risk patterns) was 88%, 64%, 76% and 81%, compared to 83%, 53%, 69% and 72% for PI-RADS (2 vs 3-5) on mpMRI. The inter-rater agreements for PRIMARY score 1,2 vs. PRIMARY score 3-5 was 0.76 (CI: 0.64-0.88) and 0.64 (CI: 0.49-0.78). Conclusion: A PRIMARY score incorporating intra-prostatic pattern and intensity on PSMA-PET/CT shows potential with high diagnostic accuracy for csPCa. Further validation is warranted prior to implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Emmett
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia
| | - Nathan Papa
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
| | - James Buteau
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer, Melbourne
| | - Bao Ho
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia
| | - Victor Liu
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Roberts
- Department of Urology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane
| | | | - Daniel Moon
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Omar Alghazo
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Phillip Stricker
- St. Vincent's Prostate Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
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