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Kouli O, Murray V, Bhatia S, Cambridge WA, Kawka M, Shafi S, Knight SR, Kamarajah SK, McLean KA, Glasbey JC, Khaw RA, Ahmed W, Akhbari M, Baker D, Borakati A, Mills E, Thavayogan R, Yasin I, Raubenheimer K, Ridley W, Sarrami M, Zhang G, Egoroff N, Pockney P, Richards T, Bhangu A, Creagh-Brown B, Edwards M, Harrison EM, Lee M, Nepogodiev D, Pinkney T, Pearse R, Smart N, Vohra R, Sohrabi C, Jamieson A, Nguyen M, Rahman A, English C, Tincknell L, Kakodkar P, Kwek I, Punjabi N, Burns J, Varghese S, Erotocritou M, McGuckin S, Vayalapra S, Dominguez E, Moneim J, Salehi M, Tan HL, Yoong A, Zhu L, Seale B, Nowinka Z, Patel N, Chrisp B, Harris J, Maleyko I, Muneeb F, Gough M, James CE, Skan O, Chowdhury A, Rebuffa N, Khan H, Down B, Fatimah Hussain Q, Adams M, Bailey A, Cullen G, Fu YXJ, McClement B, Taylor A, Aitken S, Bachelet B, Brousse de Gersigny J, Chang C, Khehra B, Lahoud N, Lee Solano M, Louca M, Rozenbroek P, Rozitis E, Agbinya N, Anderson E, Arwi G, Barry I, Batchelor C, Chong T, 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Wyn-Griffiths F, Brew A, Kaur G, Soni D, Tickle A, Akbar Z, Appleyard T, Figg K, Jayawardena P, Johnson A, Kamran Siddiqui Z, Lacy-Colson J, Oatham R, Rowlands B, Sludden E, Turnbull C, Allin D, Ansar Z, Azeez Z, Dale VH, Garg J, Horner A, Jones S, Knight S, McGregor C, McKenna J, McLelland T, Packham-Smith A, Rowsell K, Spector-Hill I, Adeniken E, Baker J, Bartlett M, Chikomba L, Connell B, Deekonda P, Dhar M, Elmansouri A, Gamage K, Goodhew R, Hanna P, Knight J, Luca A, Maasoumi N, Mahamoud F, Manji S, Marwaha PK, Mason F, Oluboyede A, Pigott L, Razaq AM, Richardson M, Saddaoui I, Wijeyendram P, Yau S, Atkins W, Liang K, Miles N, Praveen B, Ashai S, Braganza J, Common J, Cundy A, Davies R, Guthrie J, Handa I, Iqbal M, Ismail R, Jones C, Jones I, Lee KS, Levene A, Okocha M, Olivier J, Smith A, Subramaniam E, Tandle S, Wang A, Watson A, Wilson C, Chan XHF, Khoo E, Montgomery C, Norris M, Pugalenthi PP, Common T, Cook E, Mistry H, Shinmar HS, Agarwal G, Bandyopadhyay S, Brazier B, Carroll L, Goede A, Harbourne A, Lakhani A, Lami M, Larwood J, Martin J, Merchant J, Pattenden S, Pradhan A, Raafat N, Rothwell E, Shammoon Y, Sudarshan R, Vickers E, Wingfield L, Ashworth I, Azizi S, Bhate R, Chowdhury T, Christou A, Davies L, Dwaraknath M, Farah Y, Garner J, Gureviciute E, Hart E, Jain A, Javid S, Kankam HK, Kaur Toor P, Kaz R, Kermali M, Khan I, Mattson A, McManus A, Murphy M, Nair K, Ngemoh D, Norton E, Olabiran A, Parry L, Payne T, Pillai K, Price S, Punjabi K, Raghunathan A, Ramwell A, Raza M, Ritehnia J, Simpson G, Smith W, Sodeinde S, Studd L, Subramaniam M, Thomas J, Towey S, Tsang E, Tuteja D, Vasani J, Vio M, Badran A, Adams J, Anthony Wilkinson J, Asvandi S, Austin T, Bald A, Bix E, Carrick M, Chander B, Chowdhury S, Cooper Drake B, Crosbie S, D Portela S, Francis D, Gallagher C, Gillespie R, Gravett H, Gupta P, Ilyas C, James G, Johny J, Jones A, Kinder F, MacLeod C, Macrow C, Maqsood-Shah A, Mather J, McCann L, McMahon R, Mitham E, Mohamed M, Munton E, Nightingale K, O'Neill K, Onyemuchara I, Senior R, Shanahan A, Sherlock J, Spyridoulias A, Stavrou C, Stokes D, Tamang R, Taylor E, Trafford C, Uden C, Waddington C, Yassin D, Zaman M, Bangi S, Cheng T, Chew D, Hussain N, Imani-Masouleh S, Mahasivam G, McKnight G, Ng HL, Ota HC, Pasha T, Ravindran W, Shah K, Vishnu K S, Zaman S, Carr W, Cope S, Eagles EJ, Howarth-Maddison M, Li CY, Reed J, Ridge A, Stubbs T, Teasdaled D, Umar R, Worthington J, Dhebri A, Kalenderov R, Alattas A, Arain Z, Bhudia R, Chia D, Daniel S, Dar T, Garland H, Girish M, Hampson A, Kyriacou H, Lehovsky K, Mullins W, Omorphos N, Vasdev N, Venkatesh A, Waldock W, Bhandari A, Brown G, Choa G, Eichenauer CE, Ezennia K, Kidwai Z, Lloyd-Thomas A, Macaskill Stewart A, Massardi C, Sinclair E, Skajaa N, Smith M, Tan I, Afsheen N, Anuar A, Azam Z, Bhatia P, Davies-kelly N, Dickinson S, Elkawafi M, Ganapathy M, Gupta S, Khoury EG, Licudi D, Mehta V, Neequaye S, Nita G, Tay VL, Zhao S, Botsa E, Cuthbert H, Elliott J, Furlepa M, Lehmann J, Mangtani A, Narayan A, Nazarian S, Parmar C, Shah D, Shaw C, Zhao Z, Beck C, Caldwell S, Clements JM, French B, Kenny R, Kirk S, Lindsay J, McClung A, McLaughlin N, Watson S, Whiteside E, Alyacoubi S, Arumugam V, Beg R, Dawas K, Garg S, Lloyd ER, Mahfouz Y, Manobharath N, Moonesinghe R, Morka N, Patel K, Prashar J, Yip S, Adeeko ES, Ajekigbe F, Bhat A, Evans C, Farrugia A, Gurung C, Long T, Malik B, Manirajan S, Newport D, Rayer J, Ridha A, Ross E, Saran T, Sinker A, Waruingi D, Allen R, Al Sadek Y, Alves do Canto Brum H, Asharaf H, Ashman M, Balakumar V, Barrington J, Baskaran R, Berry A, Bhachoo H, Bilal A, Boaden L, Chia WL, Covell G, Crook D, Dadnam F, Davis L, De Berker H, Doyle C, Fox C, Gruffydd-Davies M, Hafouda Y, Hill A, Hubbard E, Hunter A, Inpadhas V, Jamshaid M, Jandu G, Jeyanthi M, Jones T, Kantor C, Kwak SY, Malik N, Matt R, McNulty P, Miles C, Mohomed A, Myat P, Niharika J, Nixon A, O'Reilly D, Parmar K, Pengelly S, Price L, Ramsden M, Turnor R, Wales E, Waring H, Wu M, Yang T, Ye TTS, Zander A, Zeicu C, Bellam S, Francombe J, Kawamoto N, Rahman MR, Sathyanarayana A, Tang HT, Cheung J, Hollingshead J, Page V, Sugarman J, Wong E, Chiong J, Fung E, Kan SY, Kiang J, Kok J, Krahelski O, Liew MY, Lyell B, Sharif Z, Speake D, Alim L, Amakye NY, Chandrasekaran J, Chandratreya N, Drake J, Owoso T, Thu YM, Abou El Ela Bourquin B, Alberts J, Chapman D, Rehnnuma N, Ainsworth K, Carpenter H, Emmanuel T, Fisher T, Gabrel M, Guan Z, Hollows S, Hotouras A, Ip Fung Chun N, Jaffer S, Kallikas G, Kennedy N, Lewinsohn B, Liu FY, Mohammed S, Rutherfurd A, Situ T, Stammer A, Taylor F, Thin N, Urgesi E, Zhang N, Ahmad MA, Bishop A, Bowes A, Dixit A, Glasson R, Hatta S, Hatt K, Larcombe S, Preece J, Riordan E, Fegredo D, Haq MZ, Li C, McCann G, Stewart D, Baraza W, Bhullar D, Burt G, Coyle J, Deans J, Devine A, Hird R, Ikotun O, Manchip G, Ross C, Storey L, Tan WWL, Tse C, Warner C, Whitehead M, Wu F, Court EL, Crisp E, Huttman M, Mayes F, Robertson H, Rosen H, Sandberg C, Smith H, Al Bakry M, Ashwell W, Bajaj S, Bandyopadhyay D, Browlee O, Burway S, Chand CP, Elsayeh K, Elsharkawi A, Evans E, Ferrin S, Fort-Schaale A, Iacob M, I K, Impelliziere Licastro G, Mankoo AS, Olaniyan T, Otun J, Pereira R, Reddy R, Saeed D, Simmonds O, Singhal G, Tron K, Wickstone C, Williams R, Bradshaw E, De Kock Jewell V, Houlden C, Knight C, Metezai H, Mirza-Davies A, Seymour Z, Spink D, Wischhusen S. Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. Lancet Digit Health 2022; 4:e520-e531. [PMID: 35750401 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. METHODS We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). FINDINGS In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683-0·717]). INTERPRETATION In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. FUNDING British Journal of Surgery Society.
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Ade PAR, Akiba Y, Anthony AE, Arnold K, Atlas M, Barron D, Boettger D, Borrill J, Chapman S, Chinone Y, Dobbs M, Elleflot T, Errard J, Fabbian G, Feng C, Flanigan D, Gilbert A, Grainger W, Halverson NW, Hasegawa M, Hattori K, Hazumi M, Holzapfel WL, Hori Y, Howard J, Hyland P, Inoue Y, Jaehnig GC, Jaffe A, Keating B, Kermish Z, Keskitalo R, Kisner T, Le Jeune M, Lee AT, Linder E, Leitch EM, Lungu M, Matsuda F, Matsumura T, Meng X, Miller NJ, Morii H, Moyerman S, Myers MJ, Navaroli M, Nishino H, Paar H, Peloton J, Quealy E, Rebeiz G, Reichardt CL, Richards PL, Ross C, Schanning I, Schenck DE, Sherwin B, Shimizu A, Shimmin C, Shimon M, Siritanasak P, Smecher G, Spieler H, Stebor N, Steinbach B, Stompor R, Suzuki A, Takakura S, Tomaru T, Wilson B, Yadav A, Zahn O. Measurement of the cosmic microwave background polarization lensing power spectrum with the POLARBEAR experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:021301. [PMID: 25062161 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.021301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gravitational lensing due to the large-scale distribution of matter in the cosmos distorts the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) and thereby induces new, small-scale B-mode polarization. This signal carries detailed information about the distribution of all the gravitating matter between the observer and CMB last scattering surface. We report the first direct evidence for polarization lensing based on purely CMB information, from using the four-point correlations of even- and odd-parity E- and B-mode polarization mapped over ∼30 square degrees of the sky measured by the POLARBEAR experiment. These data were analyzed using a blind analysis framework and checked for spurious systematic contamination using null tests and simulations. Evidence for the signal of polarization lensing and lensing B modes is found at 4.2σ (stat+sys) significance. The amplitude of matter fluctuations is measured with a precision of 27%, and is found to be consistent with the Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model. This measurement demonstrates a new technique, capable of mapping all gravitating matter in the Universe, sensitive to the sum of neutrino masses, and essential for cleaning the lensing B-mode signal in searches for primordial gravitational waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A R Ade
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Akiba
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - A E Anthony
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - K Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - M Atlas
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Barron
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Boettger
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Borrill
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA and Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Chapman
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Y Chinone
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Dobbs
- Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - T Elleflot
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Errard
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA and Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Fabbian
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France and International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste 34014, Italy
| | - C Feng
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Flanigan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Gilbert
- Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - W Grainger
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Swindon SN2 1SZ, United Kingdom
| | - N W Halverson
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M Hasegawa
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Hattori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Hazumi
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - W L Holzapfel
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Hori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - J Howard
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
| | - P Hyland
- Physics Department, Austin College, Sherman, Texas 75090, USA
| | - Y Inoue
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - G C Jaehnig
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - A Jaffe
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - B Keating
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - Z Kermish
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - R Keskitalo
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - T Kisner
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA and Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Le Jeune
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - A T Lee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - E Linder
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - E M Leitch
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Lungu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - F Matsuda
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - T Matsumura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - X Meng
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N J Miller
- Observational Cosmology Laboratory, Code 665, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - H Morii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - S Moyerman
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - M J Myers
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Navaroli
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - H Nishino
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - H Paar
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Peloton
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - E Quealy
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Physics Department, Napa Valley College, Napa, California 94558, USA
| | - G Rebeiz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - C L Reichardt
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P L Richards
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Ross
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - I Schanning
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - D E Schenck
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - B Sherwin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Shimizu
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - C Shimmin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Shimon
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA and School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - P Siritanasak
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - G Smecher
- Three-Speed Logic, Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia V6A 2J8, Canada
| | - H Spieler
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - N Stebor
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - B Steinbach
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Stompor
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - A Suzuki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Takakura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan and Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Tomaru
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B Wilson
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - A Yadav
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - O Zahn
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 92093-0424, USA
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40
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Ade PAR, Akiba Y, Anthony AE, Arnold K, Atlas M, Barron D, Boettger D, Borrill J, Borys C, Chapman S, Chinone Y, Dobbs M, Elleflot T, Errard J, Fabbian G, Feng C, Flanigan D, Gilbert A, Grainger W, Halverson NW, Hasegawa M, Hattori K, Hazumi M, Holzapfel WL, Hori Y, Howard J, Hyland P, Inoue Y, Jaehnig GC, Jaffe A, Keating B, Kermish Z, Keskitalo R, Kisner T, Le Jeune M, Lee AT, Leitch EM, Linder E, Lungu M, Matsuda F, Matsumura T, Meng X, Miller NJ, Morii H, Moyerman S, Myers MJ, Navaroli M, Nishino H, Paar H, Peloton J, Poletti D, Quealy E, Rebeiz G, Reichardt CL, Richards PL, Ross C, Rotermund K, Schanning I, Schenck DE, Sherwin BD, Shimizu A, Shimmin C, Shimon M, Siritanasak P, Smecher G, Spieler H, Stebor N, Steinbach B, Stompor R, Suzuki A, Takakura S, Tikhomirov A, Tomaru T, Wilson B, Yadav A, Zahn O. Evidence for gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background polarization from cross-correlation with the cosmic infrared background. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:131302. [PMID: 24745402 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.131302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We reconstruct the gravitational lensing convergence signal from cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization data taken by the Polarbear experiment and cross-correlate it with cosmic infrared background maps from the Herschel satellite. From the cross spectra, we obtain evidence for gravitational lensing of the CMB polarization at a statistical significance of 4.0σ and indication of the presence of a lensing B-mode signal at a significance of 2.3σ. We demonstrate that our results are not biased by instrumental and astrophysical systematic errors by performing null tests, checks with simulated and real data, and analytical calculations. This measurement of polarization lensing, made via the robust cross-correlation channel, not only reinforces POLARBEAR auto-correlation measurements, but also represents one of the early steps towards establishing CMB polarization lensing as a powerful new probe of cosmology and astrophysics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A R Ade
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Akiba
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - A E Anthony
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - K Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - M Atlas
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Barron
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Boettger
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Borrill
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92093-0424, USA and Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C Borys
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - S Chapman
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Y Chinone
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M Dobbs
- Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - T Elleflot
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Errard
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92093-0424, USA and Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - G Fabbian
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France and International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste 34014, Italy
| | - C Feng
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Flanigan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - A Gilbert
- Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - W Grainger
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Swindon, SN2 1SZ, United Kingdom
| | - N W Halverson
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - M Hasegawa
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Hattori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Hazumi
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - W L Holzapfel
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Y Hori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - J Howard
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
| | - P Hyland
- Physics Department, Austin College, Sherman, TX 75090, USA
| | - Y Inoue
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - G C Jaehnig
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - A Jaffe
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - B Keating
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - Z Kermish
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - R Keskitalo
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - T Kisner
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92093-0424, USA and Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M Le Jeune
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - A T Lee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - E M Leitch
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - E Linder
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M Lungu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - F Matsuda
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - T Matsumura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - X Meng
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - N J Miller
- Observational Cosmology Laboratory, Code 665, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - H Morii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - S Moyerman
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - M J Myers
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M Navaroli
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - H Nishino
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - H Paar
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Peloton
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - D Poletti
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - E Quealy
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and Physics Department, Napa Valley College, Napa, CA 94558, USA
| | - G Rebeiz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - C L Reichardt
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - P L Richards
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C Ross
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - K Rotermund
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - I Schanning
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - D E Schenck
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - B D Sherwin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - A Shimizu
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Miura District, Kanagawa 240-0115, Japan
| | - C Shimmin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M Shimon
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA and School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - P Siritanasak
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - G Smecher
- Three-Speed Logic, Inc., Vancouver, B.C., V6A 2J8, Canada
| | - H Spieler
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - N Stebor
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - B Steinbach
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - R Stompor
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - A Suzuki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - S Takakura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan and Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - A Tikhomirov
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - T Tomaru
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B Wilson
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - A Yadav
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0424, USA
| | - O Zahn
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Cornell P, Trehane A, Thompson P, Rahmeh F, Greenwood M, Baqai TJ, Cambridge S, Shaikh M, Rooney M, Donnelly S, Tahir H, Ryan S, Kamath S, Hassell A, McCuish WJ, Bearne L, Mackenzie-Green B, Price E, Williamson L, Collins D, Tang E, Hayes J, McLoughlin YM, Chamberlain V, Campbell S, Shah P, McKenna F, Cornell P, Westlake S, Thompson P, Richards S, Homer D, Gould E, Empson B, Kemp P, Richards AG, Walker J, Taylor S, Bari SF, Alachkar M, Rajak R, Lawson T, O'Sullivan M, Samant S, Butt S, Gadsby K, Flurey CA, Morris M, Hughes R, Pollock J, Richards P, Hewlett S, Edwards KR, Rowe I, Sanders T, Dunn K, Konstantinou K, Hay E, Jones LE, Adams J, White P, Donovan-Hall M, Hislop K, Barbosa Boucas S, Nichols VP, Williamson EM, Toye F, Lamb SE, Rodham K, Gavin J, Watts L, Coulson N, Diver C, Avis M, Gupta A, Ryan SJ, Stangroom S, Pearce JM, Byrne J, Manning VL, Hurley M, Scott DL, Choy E, Bearne L, Taylor J, Morris M, Dures E, Hewlett S, Wilson A, Adams J, Larkin L, Kennedy N, Gallagher S, Fraser 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JM, Newcombe LW, Woodburn J, Porter D, Saunders S, McCarey D, Gupta M, Turner D, McGavin L, Freeburn R, Crilly A, Lockhart JC, Ferrell WR, Goodyear C, Ledingham J, Waterman T, Berkin L, Nicolaou M, Watson P, Lillicrap M, Birrell F, Mooney J, Merkel PA, Poland F, Spalding N, Grayson P, Leduc R, Shereff D, Richesson R, Watts RA, Roussou E, Thapper M, Bateman J, Allen M, Kidd J, Parsons N, Davies D, Watt KA, Scally MD, Bosworth A, Wilkinson K, Collins S, Jacklin CB, Ball SK, Grosart R, Marks J, Litwic AE, Sriranganathan MK, Mukherjee S, Khurshid MA, Matthews SM, Hall A, Sheeran T, Baskar S, Muether M, Mackenzie-Green B, Hetherington A, Wickrematilake G, Williamson L, Daniels LE, Gwynne CE, Khan A, Lawson T, Clunie G, Stephenson S, Gaffney K, Belsey J, Harvey NC, Clarke-Harris R, Murray R, Costello P, Garrett E, Holbrook J, Teh AL, Wong J, Dogra S, Barton S, Davies L, Inskip H, Hanson M, Gluckman P, Cooper C, Godfrey K, Lillycrop K, Anderton T, Clarke S, Rao Chaganti S, Viner N, Seymour R, Edwards MH, Parsons C, Ward K, Thompson J, Prentice A, Dennison E, Cooper C, Clark E, Cumming M, Morrison L, Gould VC, Tobias J, Holroyd CR, Winder N, Osmond C, Fall C, Barker D, Ring S, Lawlor D, Tobias J, Davey Smith G, Cooper C, Harvey NC, Toms TE, Afreedi S, Salt K, Roskell S, Passey K, Price T, Venkatachalam S, Sheeran T, Davies R, Southwood TR, Kearsley-Fleet L, Hyrich KL, Kingsbury D, Quartier P, Patel G, Arora V, Kupper H, Mozaffarian N, Kearsley-Fleet L, Baildam E, Beresford MW, Davies R, Foster HE, Mowbray K, Southwood TR, Thomson W, Hyrich KL, Saunders E, Baildam E, Chieng A, Davidson J, Foster H, Gardner-Medwin J, Wedderburn L, Thomson W, Hyrich K, McErlane F, Beresford M, Baildam E, Chieng SE, Davidson J, Foster HE, Gardner-Medwin J, Lunt M, Wedderburn L, Thomson W, Hyrich K, Rooney M, Finnegan S, Gibson DS, Borg FA, Bale PJ, Armon K, Cavelle A, Foster HE, McDonagh J, Bale PJ, Armon K, Wu Q, Pesenacker AM, Stansfield A, King D, Barge D, Abinun M, Foster HE, Wedderburn L, Stanley K, Morrissey D, Parsons S, Kuttikat A, Shenker N, Garrood T, Medley S, Ferguson AM, Keeling D, Duffort P, Irving K, Goulston L, Culliford D, Coakley P, Taylor P, Hart D, Spector T, Hakim A, Arden N, Mian A, Garrood T, Magan T, Chaudhary M, Lazic S, Sofat N, Thomas MJ, Moore A, Roddy E, Peat G, Rees F, Lanyon P, Jordan N, Chaib A, Sangle S, Tungekar F, Sabharwal T, Abbs I, Khamashta M, D'Cruz D, Dzifa Dey I, Isenberg DA, Chin CW, Cheung C, Ng M, Gao F, Qiong Huang F, Thao Le T, Yong Fong K, San Tan R, Yin Wong T, Julian T, Parker B, Al-Husain A, Yvonne Alexander M, Bruce I, Jordan N, Abbs I, D'cruz D, McDonald G, Miguel L, Hall C, Isenberg DA, Magee A, Butters T, Jury E, Yee CS, Toescu V, Hickman R, Leung MH, Situnayake D, Bowman S, Gordon C, Yee CS, Toescu V, Hickman R, Leung MH, Situnayake D, Bowman S, Gordon C, Lazarus MN, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein M, Carter LM, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein MR, Chanchlani N, Gayed M, Yee CS, Gordon C, Ball E, Rooney M, Bell A, Reynolds JA, Ray DW, O'Neill T, Alexander Y, Bruce I, Sutton EJ, Watson KD, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Gordon C, Yee CS, Lanyon P, Jayne D, Akil M, D'Cruz D, Khamashta M, Lutalo P, Erb N, Prabu A, Edwards CJ, Youssef H, McHugh N, Vital E, Amft N, Griffiths B, Teh LS, Zoma A, Bruce I, Durrani M, Jordan N, Sangle S, D'Cruz D, Pericleous C, Ruiz-Limon P, Romay-Penabad Z, Carrera-Marin A, Garza-Garcia A, Murfitt L, Driscoll PC, Giles IP, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Pierangeli SS, Ripoll VM, Lambrianides A, Heywood WE, Ioannou J, Giles IP, Rahman A, Stevens C, Dures E, Morris M, Knowles S, Hewlett S, Marshall R, Reddy V, Croca S, Gerona D, De La Torre Ortega I, Isenberg DA, Leandro M, Cambridge G, Reddy V, Cambridge G, Isenberg DA, Glennie M, Cragg M, Leandro M, Croca SC, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Croca SC, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Artim Esen B, Pericleous C, MacKie I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Skeoch S, Haque S, Pemberton P, Bruce I. BHPR: Audit and Clinical Evaluation * 103. Dental Health in Children and Young Adults with Inflammatory Arthritis: Access to Dental Care. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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