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Bawane H, Kadam K, Mahale V, Kulkarni R. Comprehensive assessment of 12 commercial DNA-binding dyes as alternatives to ethidium bromide for agarose gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:442-450. [PMID: 37933673 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Staining and visualization of the nucleic acid bands on agarose gels using ethidium bromide (EB) has been a widely used technique in molecular biology. Although it is an efficient dye for this purpose, EB is known to be mutagenic and genotoxic in humans. This led to the emergence of various alternative dyes, which were claimed to be safer and more efficient than EB. However, these dyes portray varied sensitivity and interference with the electrophoretic mobility of nucleic acids. This work aimed at assessing ten nucleic acid-binding dyes and two prestained dyes for these properties by three staining techniques, such as precasting, preloading, and poststaining. Of these, preloading was not suitable for any of the dye while poststaining worked optimal for most of them. Precasting was suitable for only four dyes viz. DNA Stain G, SYBR™ safe, EZ-Vision® in-gel, and LabSafe™. Poststaining was, in general, a costlier method than precasting. The work gives a comprehensive understanding of the performance of nucleic acid-binding dyes for routine molecular biology experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemangi Bawane
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Komal Kadam
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Vinit Mahale
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Ram Kulkarni
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
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2
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Dos Santos JC, Alves JEF, de Azevedo RDS, de Lima ML, de Oliveira Silva MR, da Silva JG, da Silva JM, de Carvalho Correia AC, do Carmo Alves de Lima M, de Oliveira JF, de Moura RO, de Almeida SMV. Study of nitrogen heterocycles as DNA/HSA binder, topoisomerase inhibitors and toxicological safety. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127651. [PMID: 37949265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Four new nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives (acridine, quinoline, indole, pyridine) were synthesized and their biological properties were evaluated. The compounds showed affinity for DNA and HSA, with CAIC and CAAC displaying higher binding constants (Kb) of 9.54 × 104 and 1.06 × 106, respectively. The fluorescence quenching assay (Ksv) revealed suppression values ranging from 0.34 to 0.64 × 103 M-1 for ethidium bromide (EB) and 0.1 to 0.34 × 103 M-1 for acridine orange (AO). Molecular docking confirmed the competition of the derivatives with intercalation probes at the same binding site. At 10 μM concentrations, the derivatives inhibited topoisomerase IIα activity. In the antiproliferative assays, the compounds demonstrated activity against MCF-7 and T47-D tumor cells and nonhemolytic profile. Regarding toxicity, no acute effects were observed in the embryos. However, some compounds caused enzymatic and cardiac changes, particularly the CAIC, which increased SOD activity and altered heart rate compared to the control. These findings suggest potential antitumor action of the derivatives and indicate that substituting the acridine core with different cores does not interfere with their interaction and topoisomerase inhibition. Further investigations are required to assess possible toxicological effects, including reactive oxygen species generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Celerino Dos Santos
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Multicampi Garanhuns, Garanhuns, PE 55290-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maksuelly Libanio de Lima
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Multicampi Garanhuns, Garanhuns, PE 55290-000, Brazil
| | | | - Josefa Gerlane da Silva
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Multicampi Garanhuns, Garanhuns, PE 55290-000, Brazil
| | - Jamire Muriel da Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Synthesis and Vectorization of Molecules, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campus Campina Grande, 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Maria do Carmo Alves de Lima
- Chemistry and Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory (LQIT), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Synthesis and Vectorization of Molecules, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campus Campina Grande, 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Sinara Mônica Vitalino de Almeida
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Multicampi Garanhuns, Garanhuns, PE 55290-000, Brazil; Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Chemistry and Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory (LQIT), Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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3
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Bandilla L. Versatile open-source fluorescence documentation system. HARDWAREX 2023; 15:e00450. [PMID: 37457305 PMCID: PMC10345341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence has long been the best method for detecting bio-molecules at high sensitivity and with the possibility of easy data analysis and is routine for gel electrophoresis and much more. However, the systems for detecting the fluorophores remain expensive and thus inaccessible to many. Most commercial systems are often only optimized for one specific application, making reuse difficult. This paper demonstrates, characterizes and evaluates an inexpensive and versatile system for the detection of fluorophores with two wavelengths using high power LEDs. The LEDs are arranged in two banks angled downward at a tray in a way that allows for bright and uniform illumination while preventing direct reflections into the camera. The emitted light is filtered through an exchangeable filter frame and can be detected using the camera of a smartphone or similar device. By using filters both in front of the LEDs and the camera, very low background and using sufficient exposure times, very high sensitivity can be achieved. The two wavelengths of excitation light and the exchangeable filters allow for optimization for the specific fluorophore used and thus highest brightness.
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4
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Asad N, Smith E, Shakya S, Stegman S, Timmons L. Sustainable Methodologies for Efficient Gel Electrophoresis and Streamlined Screening of Difficult Plasmids. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:mps6020025. [PMID: 36961045 PMCID: PMC10037626 DOI: 10.3390/mps6020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a workflow for efficient, environmentally attentive, and sustainable practices related to routine agarose gel electrophoresis. The methods reduce plastic waste and improve efficiency, especially for the exhaustive screening of difficult-to-obtain plasmids. Sustainability is increased when agarose is used ten times over by virtue of a thorough recycling regimen. The workflow optimizes workspaces and standardizes lab practices for handling potentially hazardous waste, minimizing environmental harm. Safety, efficiency, and sustainability improve laboratory productivity, help minimize environmental contamination, and increase cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Asad
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, University of West Virginia Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Emily Smith
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Sudeep Shakya
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Sutton Stegman
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Lisa Timmons
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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5
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Fang T, Li C, Liang A, Zhang H, Zhang F, Zhang XE, Yang YY, Li F. Probing cell membrane integrity using a histone-targeting protein nanocage displaying precisely positioned fluorophores. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 16:894-904. [PMID: 36090614 PMCID: PMC9438879 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4785-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cell membrane integrity is fundamental to the normal activities of cells and is involved in both acute and chronic pathologies. Here, we report a probe for analyzing cell membrane integrity developed from a 9 nm-sized protein nanocage named Dps via fluorophore conjugation with high spatial precision to avoid self-quenching. The probe cannot enter normal live cells but can accumulate in dead or live cells with damaged membranes, which, interestingly, leads to weak cytoplasmic and strong nuclear staining. This differential staining is found attributed to the high affinity of Dps for histones rather than DNA, providing a staining mechanism different from those of known membrane exclusion probes (MEPs). Moreover, the Dps nanoprobe is larger in size and thus applies a more stringent criterion for identifying severe membrane damage than currently available MEPs. This study shows the potential of Dps as a new bioimaging platform for biological and medical analyses. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (Figs. S1-S12 including distance information between neighboring fluorophores on Dps, TEM images, MALDI-TOF analysis, fluorescence spectra, confocal images, gel retardation analysis, tissue staining, and additional data) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4785-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti Fang
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Xian-En Zhang
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yi-Yu Yang
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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6
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Zand E, Froehling A, Schoenher C, Zunabovic-Pichler M, Schlueter O, Jaeger H. Potential of Flow Cytometric Approaches for Rapid Microbial Detection and Characterization in the Food Industry-A Review. Foods 2021; 10:3112. [PMID: 34945663 PMCID: PMC8701031 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As microbial contamination is persistent within the food and bioindustries and foodborne infections are still a significant cause of death, the detection, monitoring, and characterization of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms are of great importance. However, the current methods do not meet all relevant criteria. They either show (i) inadequate sensitivity, rapidity, and effectiveness; (ii) a high workload and time requirement; or (iii) difficulties in differentiating between viable and non-viable cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) represents an approach to overcome such limitations. Thus, this comprehensive literature review focuses on the potential of FCM and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for food and bioindustry applications. First, the principles of FCM and FISH and basic staining methods are discussed, and critical areas for microbial contamination, including abiotic and biotic surfaces, water, and air, are characterized. State-of-the-art non-specific FCM and specific FISH approaches are described, and their limitations are highlighted. One such limitation is the use of toxic and mutagenic fluorochromes and probes. Alternative staining and hybridization approaches are presented, along with other strategies to overcome the current challenges. Further research needs are outlined in order to make FCM and FISH even more suitable monitoring and detection tools for food quality and safety and environmental and clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zand
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Antje Froehling
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Quality and Safety of Food and Feed, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (A.F.); (O.S.)
| | - Christoph Schoenher
- Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (C.S.); (M.Z.-P.)
| | - Marija Zunabovic-Pichler
- Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (C.S.); (M.Z.-P.)
| | - Oliver Schlueter
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Quality and Safety of Food and Feed, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (A.F.); (O.S.)
| | - Henry Jaeger
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria;
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7
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8
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Stenger M, Le DT, Klecker T, Westermann B. Systematic analysis of nuclear gene function in respiratory growth and expression of the mitochondrial genome in S. cerevisiae. MICROBIAL CELL 2020; 7:234-249. [PMID: 32904421 PMCID: PMC7453639 DOI: 10.15698/mic2020.09.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The production of metabolic energy in form of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation depends on the coordinated action of hundreds of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins and a handful of proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). We used the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system to systematically identify the genes contributing to this process. Integration of genome-wide high-throughput growth assays with previously published large data sets allowed us to define with high confidence a set of 254 nuclear genes that are indispensable for respiratory growth. Next, we induced loss of mtDNA in the yeast deletion collection by growth on ethidium bromide-containing medium and identified twelve genes that are essential for viability in the absence of mtDNA (i.e. petite-negative). Replenishment of mtDNA by cytoduction showed that respiratory-deficient phenotypes are highly variable in many yeast mutants. Using a mitochondrial genome carrying a selectable marker, ARG8m, we screened for mutants that are specifically defective in maintenance of mtDNA and mitochondrial protein synthesis. We found that up to 176 nuclear genes are required for expression of mitochondria-encoded proteins during fermentative growth. Taken together, our data provide a comprehensive picture of the molecular processes that are required for respiratory metabolism in a simple eukaryotic cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stenger
- Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Duc Tung Le
- Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Till Klecker
- Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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9
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de Almeida HC, Salomão ALDS, Lambert J, Teixeira LCRS, Marques M. Phycoremediation potential of microalgae species for ethidium bromide removal from aqueous media. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1168-1174. [PMID: 32208865 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1743968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) is an organic compound used in molecular biology investigations. EtBr ability of intercalating in the DNA molecule makes it a toxic substance. The objective was to evaluate the phycoremediation potentials of Chlorella vulgaris, Desmodesmus subspicatus and Raphidocelis subcapitata tested separately and in a mixture (Mix) for EtBr removal from the aqueous medium. Experiments were conducted using an initial algae biomass of 106 cell/mL, exposed to 500 µg/L of EtBr. The removal efficiency (µg EtBr L-1) after 3 h in each treatment were: Mix (72.8 µg.L-1) >D. subspicatus (48.4 µg.L-1) >R. subcapitata (24.6 µg.L-1) >C. vulgaris (19.9 µg.L-1). However, when EtBr mass reduction per microalgae density is considered (ng.algae-1), the efficiency ranking changes to: D. subspicatus (1.9 × 10-5 ng.algae-1) >C. vulgaris (1.4 × 10-5 ng.algae-1) >Mix (9.8 × 10-6 ng.algae-1) >R. subcapitata (2.8 × 10-6 ng.algae-1). The results suggest that initial algal population density is a determinant factor for efficient EtBr removal by microalgae species in short term treatments. In order to obtain 100% of EtBr removal, it should be necessary 1010, 1010 and 1011 algae.mL-1 of C. vulgaris, D. subspicatus and R. subcapitata, respectively. The results strongly suggest phycoremediation can be explored as an alternative method for EtBr removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleno Cavalcante de Almeida
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - André Luís de Sá Salomão
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Janaina Lambert
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia Marques
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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10
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Shen L, Bing T, Zhang N, Wang L, Wang J, Liu X, Shangguan D. A Nucleus-Targeting DNA Aptamer for Dead Cell Indication. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1612-1618. [PMID: 31099246 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dead cells always accompany with live cells in vivo and in cell culture. It is important to distinguish dead cells from live cells in various biological studies. Currently, the probes for dead cells are mainly nucleic acid-intercalators, most of which have low affinity and potential toxicity to live cells. In this work, we report a novel aptameric probe (Ch4-1) for the first time, which binds cell nuclei with high affinity (apparent Kd = 6.65 ± 3.40 nM). Ch4-1 was generated by Cell-SELEX process, it was identified to target nucleoproteins in cell nuclei. As an oligonucleotide, Ch4-1 cannot penetrate the integrated cell membrane; therefore, it only binds to dead cells rather than live cells. Compared with traditional DNA-targeting nuclear dyes, Ch4-1 possesses a high affinity to the nucleus, no toxicity to live cells, and can be easily labeled with different fluorescent dyes. It was demonstrated to serve as a probe for distinguishing dead cells from live cells in apoptosis assay, as well as for the nuclear staining of tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Bing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - LinLin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangjun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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11
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Josey M, Maskell DL, Alex Speers R. Impact of Artificially Induced Respiratory Deficient Yeast on Beer Flavor and Fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2018.1561606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Josey
- International Centre for Brewing and Distilling, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn L. Maskell
- International Centre for Brewing and Distilling, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R. Alex Speers
- International Centre for Brewing and Distilling, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Canadian Institute of Fermentation Technology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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12
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Eze AA, Igoli J, Gray AI, Skellern GG, De Koning HP. The individual components of commercial isometamidium do not possess stronger trypanocidal activity than the mixture, nor bypass isometamidium resistance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2019; 9:54-58. [PMID: 30685630 PMCID: PMC6356087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The four components present in the trypanocidal treatment Samorin, the commercially available formulation of isometamidium, were separated and purified by column chromatography. These compounds as well as the Samorin mixture and the other phenanthridine trypanocide, homidium, were tested on Trypanosoma congolense and wild type, diamidine- and isometamidium-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei strains using an Alamar blue drug sensitivity assay. EC50 values obtained suggest that M&B4180A (2) was the most active of the components, followed by M&B38897 (1) in all the strains tested, whereas M&B4596 (4) was inactive. Samorin was found to be significantly more active than any of the individual components alone, against T. congolense and all three T. b, brucei strains. Samorin and all its active constituents displayed reduced activity against the previously characterised isometamidium-resistant strain ISMR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthonius A Eze
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - John Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Graham G Skellern
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Harry P De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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13
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Valiakhmetov AY, Shepelyakovskaya AO. The Effects of Glucose and Sorbitol on Pore Formation in the Plasma Membrane of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast during Electroporation. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350918010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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14
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Intermolecular interactions and binding mechanism of inclusion complexation between sulfonate calix[n]arenes and ethidium bromide. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-018-0786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Pasquali F, Agrimonti C, Pagano L, Zappettini A, Villani M, Marmiroli M, White JC, Marmiroli N. Nucleo-mitochondrial interaction of yeast in response to cadmium sulfide quantum dot exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:744-752. [PMID: 27890358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell sensitivity to quantum dots (QDs) has been attributed to a cascade triggered by oxidative stress leading to apoptosis. The role and function of mitochondria in animal cells are well understood but little information is available on the complex genetic networks that regulate nucleo-mitochondrial interaction. The effect of CdS QD exposure in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was assessed under conditions of limited lethality (<10%), using cell physiological and morphological endpoints. Whole-genomic array analysis and the screening of a deletion mutant library were also carried out. The results showed that QDs: increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the level of reduced vs oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG); reduced oxygen consumption and the abundance of respiratory cytochromes; disrupted mitochondrial membrane potentials and affected mitochondrial morphology. Exposure affected the capacity of cells to grow on galactose, which requires nucleo-mitochondrial involvement. However, QDs exposure did not materially induce respiratory deficient (RD) mutants but only RD phenocopies. All of these cellular changes were correlated with several key nuclear genes, including TOM5 and FKS1, involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial organization and function. The consequences of these cellular effects are discussed in terms of dysregulation of cell function in response to these "pathological mitochondria".
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca Pagano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Stockbridge school of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrea Zappettini
- IMEM-CNR - Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Villani
- IMEM-CNR - Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo, Parma, Italy
| | - Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; CINSA - Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per le Scienze Ambientali, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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