1
|
Dufresnes C, Monod-Broca B, Bellati A, Canestrelli D, Ambu J, Wielstra B, Dubey S, Crochet PA, Denoël M, Jablonski D. Piecing the barcoding puzzle of Palearctic water frogs (Pelophylax) sheds light on amphibian biogeography and global invasions. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17180. [PMID: 38465701 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Palearctic water frogs (genus Pelophylax) are an outstanding model in ecology and evolution, being widespread, speciose, either threatened or threatening to other species through biological invasions, and capable of siring hybrid offspring that escape the rules of sexual reproduction. Despite half a century of genetic research and hundreds of publications, the diversity, systematics and biogeography of Pelophylax still remain highly confusing, in no small part due to a lack of correspondence between studies. To provide a comprehensive overview, we gathered >13,000 sequences of barcoding genes from >1700 native and introduced localities and built multigene mitochondrial (~17 kb) and nuclear (~10 kb) phylogenies. We mapped all currently recognized taxa and their phylogeographic lineages (>40) to get a grasp on taxonomic issues, cyto-nuclear discordances, the genetic makeup of hybridogenetic hybrids, and the origins of introduced populations. Competing hypotheses for the molecular calibration were evaluated through plausibility tests, implementing a new approach relying on predictions from the anuran speciation continuum. Based on our timetree, we propose a new biogeographic paradigm for the Palearctic since the Paleogene, notably by attributing a prominent role to the dynamics of the Paratethys, a vast paleo-sea that extended over most of Europe. Furthermore, our results show that distinct marsh frog lineages from Eastern Europe, the Balkans, the Near East, and Central Asia (P. ridibundus ssp.) are naturally capable of inducing hybridogenesis with pool frogs (P. lessonae). We identified 14 alien lineages (mostly of P. ridibundus) over ~20 areas of invasions, especially in Western Europe, with genetic signatures disproportionally pointing to the Balkans and Anatolia as the regions of origins, in line with exporting records of the frog leg industry and the stocks of pet sellers. Pelophylax thus emerges as one of the most invasive amphibians worldwide, and deserves much higher conservation concern than currently given by the authorities fighting biological invasions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Laboratory of Amphibian Systematics and Evolutionary Research (LASER), College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Monod-Broca
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Adriana Bellati
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Daniele Canestrelli
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Johanna Ambu
- Laboratory of Amphibian Systematics and Evolutionary Research (LASER), College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ben Wielstra
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvain Dubey
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Mathieu Denoël
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Amphibians (LECA), FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Daniel Jablonski
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Safaei-Mahroo B, Ghaffari H, Niamir A. A synoptic review of the Amphibians of Iran: bibliography, taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, conservation status, and identification key to the eggs, larvae, and adults. Zootaxa 2023; 5279:1-112. [PMID: 37518755 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5279.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study provides an illustrated account, a comprehensive update of the systematics, and a bibliography of the 15 species of anurans in five families, eight genera; and of the six species of urodeles in two families, four genera in Iran. Bufonidae, with eight species, is the most diverse family; Salamandridae has five species and Ranidae has four species. This study also presents updated identification keys for the eggs, larvae, and metamorphosed amphibians of Iran. We designated specimen NMW 19855.1 as neotype of Pelophylax persicus (Schneider, 1799) comb. nov.. Along with distribution maps obtained from all the reliable localities and museum specimens known at this time, the modelled habitat of species, and for the first time, the National Red List of amphibians based on the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Based on our evaluation we propose to categorize Bufo eichwaldi, Paradactylodon persicus, Neurergus derjugini, and N. kaiseri as Vulnerable at National Red List, and to move Bufotes (Calliopersa) luristanicus, B. (C.) surdus, Firouzophrynus olivaceus, and Rana pseudodalmatina from the category of Least Concern (LC) to Near Threatened (NT). The National Red List of amphibians that we propose has significant implications for endangered species management and conservation. Forty-one percent of amphibian species in Iran are endemic to the country, and more than forty percent of the Iranian amphibians are at risk of extinction. Zagros Mountain forest and Hyrcaniain forests have more than 80% (i.e. 18 species) of the diversity of Iranian amphibians. A considerable amount of scientific literature published on Iranian amphibians in Persian language is not easily accessible to researchers outside Iran. This monograph attempts to remedy the situation and provides broader access to international herpetology. We recognize that taxonomy is always in a state of flux, and the names and synonymies used here reflect our current view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanyeh Ghaffari
- Department of Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Natural Resources; University of Kurdistan; Sanandaj; Iran.
| | - Aidin Niamir
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre; Frankfurt am Main; Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dursun C, Özdemir N, Gül S. Easternmost distribution of Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) in Türkiye: implications for the putative contact zone between B. bufo and B. verrucosissimus. Genetica 2023; 151:11-27. [PMID: 36418607 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-022-00175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The geographic range of a species is crucial for obtaining information on the exact distribution of the species. The geographic data are important for delimiting distinct species or exploring the degree of differentiation among different populations of a species. The local details of species boundaries facilitate the study of the importance of phylogeographic background, secondary contacts, and hybrid zones, along with the relations between the species and its extrinsic environmental factors. In the present study, the range boundaries of Bufo bufo and Bufo verrucosissimus in the north-eastern region of Türkiye were delineated using an integrative taxonomic approach that utilized a combination of molecular and morphological data. According to the mtDNA results of the present study, B. bufo inhabits a single distribution from İyidere town to Çayeli town in Rize, while B. verrucosissimus is distributed from Şavşat town of Artvin to Ardeşen town in Rize. In addition, the two species coexist in Pazar, Hemşin, and Çamlıhemşin towns in Rize. The demographic analyses indicated a distinct population expansion for the B. verrucosissimus species after the Last Glacial Maximum, while the same did not occur for B. bufo. The univariate and multivariate statistical analyses conducted for the morphological data of the two species corroborated the presence of a putative contact zone between B. bufo and B. verrucosissimus. In summary, the present study resolved the non-distinct geographic boundaries between B. bufo and B. verrucosissimus species and also revealed the easternmost distribution of B. bufo in Türkiye. In addition, important evidence on the putative contact zone between the two species was indicated using an integrative taxonomic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cantekin Dursun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Fener Mah., 53100, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Nurhayat Özdemir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Fener Mah., 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Serkan Gül
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Fener Mah., 53100, Rize, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Svinin AO, Ermakov OA, Litvinchuk SN. The incidence of the anomaly P syndrome in water frogs (Anura, Ranidae, Pelophylax) from the Middle Volga River (Russia). HERPETOZOA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.35.e95928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The anomaly P is a widespread morphological anomaly, which occurs in some groups of amphibians, caused by the trematode parasite Strigea robusta (Digenea: Strigeidae). This anomaly has been previously recorded in water frogs of the genus Pelophylax and toads of the genera Bufo and Bufotes. The anomaly P includes symmetrical polydactyly cases as a mild attenuated form of the complex syndrome, which in severe cases includes strong deformations of hindlimbs and forelimbs. Strigea robusta has a complex 3-host life cycle using planorbid mollusks as the first intermediate hosts, amphibian larvae as the second intermediate hosts, and anatid birds as the definitive hosts. Herein, we described new records of the anomaly P syndrome in water frogs of the genus Pelophylax from the northeastern parts of their ranges. Symmetrical polydactyly (as a mild form of the anomaly P syndrome) was found in 30 individuals of three species of water frogs from seven localities: in 25 individuals of P. lessonae from four waterbodies, in four individuals of P. ridibundus from three waterbodies, and one individual of P. esculentus. In Gusevo pond, three individuals of P. lessonae with severe cases of the syndrome were found. This is the first record of the anomaly P in reliably identified hybridogenetic edible frogs (P. esculentus) that have been identified in nature. Additionally, we provided new data about the occurrence of the anomaly P and the prevalence of the trematode S. robusta in mollusks taken from two water bodies where anomalous water frogs were found.
Collapse
|
5
|
Hybrid swarm as a result of hybridization between two alien and two native water frog species (genus Pelophylax) in Central Croatia: Crna Mlaka fishpond acting as a species melting pot? Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Mikulíček P, Mešková M, Cyprich M, Jablonski D, Papežík P, Hamidi D, Pekşen ÇA, Vörös J, Herczeg D, Benovics M. Weak population‐genetic structure of a widely distributed nematode parasite of frogs in the western Palearctic. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mikulíček
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Michaela Mešková
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Martin Cyprich
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Daniel Jablonski
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Petr Papežík
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Diyar Hamidi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Başkent University Ankara Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Akın Pekşen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Başkent University Ankara Turkey
| | - Judit Vörös
- Department of Zoology Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest Hungary
| | - David Herczeg
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group Plant Protection Institute Centre for Agricultural Research Eötvös Loránd Research Network Budapest Hungary
| | - Michal Benovics
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
- Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Svinin A, Dedukh DV, Borkin LJ, Ermakov O, Ivanov A, Litvinchuk J, Zamaletdinov R, Mikhaylova R, Trubyanov AB, Skorinov D, Rosanov Y, Litvinchuk S. Genetic structure, morphological variation, and gametogenic peculiarities in water frogs (
Pelophylax
) from northeastern European Russia. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Svinin
- Mari State University Yoshkar‐Ola Russia
- National Research Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
| | | | - Leo J. Borkin
- Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dmitriy Skorinov
- Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Yurij Rosanov
- Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Spartak Litvinchuk
- Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences Saint‐Petersburg Russia
- Dagestan State University Makhachkala Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dufresnes C, Mazepa G, Jablonski D, Oliveira RC, Wenseleers T, Shabanov DA, Auer M, Ernst R, Koch C, Ramírez-Chaves HE, Mulder KP, Simonov E, Tiutenko A, Kryvokhyzha D, Wennekes PL, Zinenko OI, Korshunov OV, Al-Johany AM, Peregontsev EA, Masroor R, Betto-Colliard C, Denoël M, Borkin LJ, Skorinov DV, Pasynkova RA, Mazanaeva LF, Rosanov JM, Dubey S, Litvinchuk S. Fifteen shades of green: The evolution of Bufotes toads revisited. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 141:106615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
9
|
Dubey S, Maddalena T, Bonny L, Jeffries DL, Dufresnes C. Population genomics of an exceptional hybridogenetic system of Pelophylax water frogs. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:164. [PMID: 31382876 PMCID: PMC6683362 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hybridogenesis can represent the first stage towards hybrid speciation where the hybrid taxon eventually weans off its parental species. In hybridogenetic water frogs, the hybrid Pelophylax kl. esculentus (genomes RL) usually eliminates one genome from its germline and relies on its parental species P. lessonae (genomes LL) or P. ridibundus (genomes RR) to perpetuate in so-called L-E and R-E systems. But not exclusively: some all-hybrid populations (E-E system) bypass the need for their parental species and fulfill their sexual cycle via triploid hybrid frogs. Genetic surveys are essential to understand the great diversity of these hybridogenetic dynamics and their evolution. Here we conducted such study using RAD-sequencing on Pelophylax from southern Switzerland (Ticino), a geographically-isolated region featuring different assemblages of parental P. lessonae and hybrid P. kl. esculentus. Results We found two types of hybridogenetic systems in Ticino: an L-E system in northern populations and a presumably all-hybrid E-E system in the closely-related southern populations, where P. lessonae was not detected. In the latter, we did not find evidence for triploid individuals from the population genomic data, but identified a few P. ridibundus (RR) as offspring from interhybrid crosses (LR × LR). Conclusions Assuming P. lessonae is truly absent from southern Ticino, the putative maintenance of all-hybrid populations without triploid individuals would require an unusual lability of genome elimination, namely that P. kl. esculentus from both sexes are capable of producing gametes with either L or R genomes. This could be achieved by the co-existence of L- and R- eliminating lineages or by “hybrid amphigamy”, i. e. males and females producing sperm and eggs among which both genomes are represented. These hypotheses imply that polyploidy is not the exclusive evolutionary pathway for hybrids to become reproductively independent, and challenge the classical view that hybridogenetic taxa are necessarily sexual parasites. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-019-1482-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Dubey
- Hintermann & Weber SA, Avenue des Alpes 25, 1820, Montreux, Switzerland.,Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Agrosustain SA, c/o Agroscope, Route de Duillier 60, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland
| | | | - Laura Bonny
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel L Jeffries
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lyapkov SM, Ermakov OA, Titov SV. Distribution and Origin of Two Forms of the Marsh Frog Pelophylax ridibundus Complex (Anura, Ranidae) from Kamchatka Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Data. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359018070117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
11
|
Dufresnes C, Mazepa G, Rodrigues N, Brelsford A, Litvinchuk SN, Sermier R, Lavanchy G, Betto-Colliard C, Blaser O, Borzée A, Cavoto E, Fabre G, Ghali K, Grossen C, Horn A, Leuenberger J, Phillips BC, Saunders PA, Savary R, Maddalena T, Stöck M, Dubey S, Canestrelli D, Jeffries DL. Genomic Evidence for Cryptic Speciation in Tree Frogs From the Apennine Peninsula, With Description of Hyla perrini sp. nov. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
12
|
Taxonomic survey of water frog populations of Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae) in western Iran: a morphometric and bioacoustic approach. Biologia (Bratisl) 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-0077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
13
|
Dubey S, Dufresnes C. An extinct vertebrate preserved by its living hybridogenetic descendant. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12768. [PMID: 28986535 PMCID: PMC5630569 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridogenesis is a special mode of hybrid reproduction where one parental genome is eliminated and the other is transmitted clonally. We propose that this mechanism can perpetuate the genome of extinct species, based on new genetic data from Pelophylax water frogs. We characterized the genetic makeup of Italian hybridogenetic hybrids (P. kl. hispanicus and esculentus) and identified a new endemic lineage of Eastern-Mediterranean origin as one parental ancestor of P. kl. hispanicus. This taxon is nowadays extinct in the wild but its germline subsists through its hybridogenetic descendant, which can thus be considered as a "semi living fossil". Such rare situation calls for realistic efforts of de-extinction through selective breeding without genetic engineering, and fuels the topical controversy of reviving long extinct species. "Ghost" species hidden by taxa of hybrid origin may be more frequent than suspected in vertebrate groups that experienced a strong history of hybridization and semi-sexual reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Dubey
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Hintermann & Weber SA, Rue de l'Eglise-Catholique 9b, 1820, Montreux, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Dufresnes
- Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Herczeg D, Vörös J, Christiansen DG, Benovics M, Mikulíček P. Taxonomic composition and ploidy level among European water frogs (Anura: Ranidae:Pelophylax) in eastern Hungary. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Herczeg
- MTA-DE ‘Lendület’ Behavioural Ecology Research Group; Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Judit Vörös
- Hungarian Natural History Museum; Budapest Hungary
| | - Ditte G. Christiansen
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Michal Benovics
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Peter Mikulíček
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University in Bratislava; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pesarakloo A, Rastegar-Pouyani E, Rastegar-Pouyani N, Kami H, Najibzadeh M, Khosravani A, Oraie H. The first taxonomic revaluation of the Iranian water frogs of the genus Pelophylax (Anura: Ranidae) using sequences of the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 28:392-398. [PMID: 26731662 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1127362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The Eurasian water frog species and their geographic ranges have undergone considerable changes in the last four decades, but the Iranian populations have largely remained unknown. All the Iranian populations of water frogs, despite their vast distribution range have attributed to a single species: Rana ridibunda. In order to understand the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of water frogs of Iran, we collected samples from many populations across the country and used the mitochondrial DNA sequence variation. A data set with a final sequence length of 616 nucleotides was generated for Cyt b from 70 individuals of Pelophylax in which there are 422 invariable sites, 174 variable sites of which 123 were parsimony informative. In total, 43 haplotypes were found (Hd: 0.9752). The result demonstrated that, two major clades with strong support can be identified within the Iranian water frogs. One of these clades that include north western and southwestern populations forms a monophyletic group along with P. bedriagae samples from Turkey. The second clade consists of water frog populations of north and northeastern parts of Iran which in turn is subdivided into two subclades. Inclusion of water frog samples from adjacent areas showed that the second clade of our study is, most likely, a distinct taxonomic entity at species rank with its two subclades indicating two diagnosable subspecies for the clade. In conclusion, we suggest that two distinct species, P. bedriagae and Pelophylax sp., with its two subspecies, should be identified as water frogs of Iran. In Addition, another traditionally reported water frog of Iran, P.ridibundus, most likely should be excluded from the Iranian water frog's checklist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Pesarakloo
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Iranian Plateau Herpetology Research Group (IPHRG), Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
| | | | - Nasrollah Rastegar-Pouyani
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Iranian Plateau Herpetology Research Group (IPHRG), Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Hajigholi Kami
- d Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Shahre Kord University , Shahre Kord , Iran
| | - Masoumeh Najibzadeh
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Iranian Plateau Herpetology Research Group (IPHRG), Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Azar Khosravani
- d Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Shahre Kord University , Shahre Kord , Iran
| | - Hamzeh Oraie
- d Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Shahre Kord University , Shahre Kord , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Radojičić JM, Krizmanić I, Kasapidis P, Zouros E. Extensive mitochondrial heteroplasmy in hybrid water frog (Pelophylax spp.) populations from Southeast Europe. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:4529-41. [PMID: 26668720 PMCID: PMC4670067 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Water frogs of the genus Pelophylax (previous Rana) species have been much studied in Europe for their outstanding reproductive mechanism in which sympatric hybridization between genetically distinct parental species produces diverse genetic forms of viable hybrid animals. The most common hybrid is P. esculentus that carries the genomes of both parental species, P. ridibundus and P. lessonae, but usually transfers the whole genome of only one parent to its offsprings (hybridogenesis). The evolutionary cost of transfer of the intact genome and hence the hemiclonal reproduction is the depletion of heterozygosity in the hybrid populations. Pelophylax esculentus presents an excellent example of the long‐term sustained hybridization and hemiclonal reproduction in which the effects of the low genetic diversity are balanced through the novel mutations and periodic recombinations. In this study, we analyzed the mitochondrial (mt) and microsatellites DNA variations in hybrid Pelophylax populations from southern parts of the Pannonian Basin and a north–south transect of the Balkan Peninsula, which are home for a variety of Pelophylax genetic lineages. The mtDNA haplotypes found in this study corresponded to P. ridibundus and P. epeiroticus of the Balkan – Anatolian lineage (ridibundus–bedriagae) and to P. lessonae and a divergent lessonae haplotype of the lessonae lineage. The mtDNA genomes showed considerable intraspecific variation and geographic differentiation. The Balkan wide distributed P. ridibundus was found in all studied populations and its nuclear genome, along with either the lessonae or the endemic epeiroticus genome, in all hybrids. An unexpected finding was that the hybrid populations were invariably heteroplasmic, that is, they contained the mtDNA of both parental species. We discussed the possibility that such extensive heteroplasmy is a result of hybridization and it comes from regular leakage of the paternal mtDNA from a sperm of one species that fertilizes eggs of another. In this case, the mechanisms that protect the egg from heterospecific fertilization and further from the presence of sperm mtDNA could become compromised due to their differences and divergence at both, mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. The heteroplasmy once retained in the fertilized egg could be transmitted by hybrid backcrossing to the progeny and maintained in a population over generations. The role of interspecies and heteroplasmic hybrid animals due to their genomic diversity and better fitness compare to the parental species might be of the special importance in adaptations to miscellaneous and isolated environments at the Balkan Peninsula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Radojičić
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture Heraklion Greece ; Department of Biology University of Crete Heraklion Greece
| | - Imre Krizmanić
- Faculty of Biology Institute of Zoology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - Panagiotis Kasapidis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture Heraklion Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Plötner J, Akın Pekşen Ç, Baier F, Uzzell T, Bilgin CC. Genetic evidence for human-mediated introduction of Anatolian water frogs (Pelophylaxcf.bedriagae) to Cyprus (Amphibia: Ranidae). ZOOLOGY IN THE MIDDLE EAST 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2015.1027495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
18
|
Nicolas V, Mataame A, Crochet PA, Geniez P, Ohler A. Phylogeographic patterns in North African water frog Pelophylax saharicus
(Anura: Ranidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Violaine Nicolas
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité; ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
| | | | | | | | - Annemarie Ohler
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité; ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Poulakakis N, Kapli P, Lymberakis P, Trichas A, Vardinoyiannis K, Sfenthourakis S, Mylonas M. A review of phylogeographic analyses of animal taxa from the Aegean and surrounding regions. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Poulakakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
- Biology Department; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
| | - Paschalia Kapli
- Natural History Museum of Crete; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
- Biology Department; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
| | - Petros Lymberakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
| | - Apostolos Trichas
- Natural History Museum of Crete; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
| | | | | | - Moisis Mylonas
- Natural History Museum of Crete; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
- Biology Department; University of Crete; Iraklion Greece
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Book Reviews. COPEIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1643/ot-13-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
21
|
Vamberger M, Stuckas H, Ayaz D, Lymberakis P, Široký P, Fritz U. Massive transoceanic gene flow in a freshwater turtle (Testudines: Geoemydidae:Mauremys rivulata). ZOOL SCR 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melita Vamberger
- Museum of Zoology (Museum für Tierkunde); Senckenberg Dresden; A. B. Meyer Building 01109 Dresden Germany
| | - Heiko Stuckas
- Museum of Zoology (Museum für Tierkunde); Senckenberg Dresden; A. B. Meyer Building 01109 Dresden Germany
| | - Dinçer Ayaz
- Faculty of Science; Biology Department; Zoology Section; Ege University; 35100 Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Petros Lymberakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete; University of Crete; Knossou Ave. 71409 Irakleio Crete Greece
| | - Pavel Široký
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases; Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Palackého 1/3 612 42 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Uwe Fritz
- Museum of Zoology (Museum für Tierkunde); Senckenberg Dresden; A. B. Meyer Building 01109 Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zogaris S, Maclaine J, Koutsikos N, Chatzinikolaou Y. Does the river blennySalaria fluviatilis(Asso, 1801) (Actinopterygii: Perciformes) still survive on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus? J NAT HIST 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.836761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
23
|
Lukanov S, Tzankov N, Simeonovska-Nikolova D. A comparative study of the mating call ofPelophylax ridibundusandPelophylax kurtmuelleri(Anura: Ranidae) from syntopic and allotopic populations. J NAT HIST 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.791942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|