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Singh G, Singh G, Bhatti R, Gupta V, Mahajan A, Singh P, Singh Ishar MP. Rationally designed benzopyran fused isoxazolidines and derived β 2,3,3-amino alcohols as potent analgesics: Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 127:210-222. [PMID: 28063353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Based on structure activity analysis of morphine related opiates, we have synthesized some novel benzopyran fused isoxazolidines (2a-e) and derived conformationally constrained β2,3,3-amino alcohols (3a-e), which were evaluated in vivo for their anti-nociceptive activity through acetic acid induced writhing test (peripheral) and formalin induced algesia (central). Results showed that, compound 2a possesses significant opioid agonist activity. Further, molecular docking analysis reveals that compound 2a binds to δ-opioid receptor (DOR) with comparatively better D-score than to μ (MOR) and κ (KOR) receptors. Compound 2a did not show any toxicity up to a 2000 mg kg-1 dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Bio-Organic and Photochemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab, India
| | - Gurjit Singh
- Bio-Organic and Photochemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab, India
| | - Rajbir Bhatti
- Bio-Organic and Photochemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab, India
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Post-Graduate Department of Physics & Electronics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi, 180 006, India
| | - Ajay Mahajan
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Palwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab, India
| | - Mohan Paul Singh Ishar
- Bio-Organic and Photochemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab, India.
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Rational Approach to the Design of Bioactive Peptidomimetics: Recent Developments in Opioid Agonist Peptides. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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3
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Wang C, Xiang Q, Diao Y, Ren Y, Gu N. Differential antinociceptive effects of intrathecal administration of C-terminal esterified endomorphin-2 analogues in mice. Eur J Pain 2014; 18:1157-64. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2014.00462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.L. Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment; Instrumental Science and Technology; School of Electrical Engineering and Automation; Harbin Institute of Technology; China
| | - Q. Xiang
- School of Life Science and Technology; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment; Instrumental Science and Technology; School of Electrical Engineering and Automation; Harbin Institute of Technology; China
| | - Y.X. Diao
- School of Life Science and Technology; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment; Instrumental Science and Technology; School of Electrical Engineering and Automation; Harbin Institute of Technology; China
| | - Y.K. Ren
- School of Mechatronics Engineering; Harbin Institute of Technology; China
| | - N. Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment; Instrumental Science and Technology; School of Electrical Engineering and Automation; Harbin Institute of Technology; China
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Wang CL, Ren YK, Xiang Q, Wang Y, Gu N, Lu C, Wang R. Characterization of opioid activities of endomorphin analogs with C-terminal amide to hydrazide conversion. Neuropeptides 2013; 47:297-304. [PMID: 24084335 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have synthesized an endomorphin-2 (EM-2) analog with C-terminal amide to hydrazide conversion, exhibiting slightly lower μ-affinity than EM-2. In the present study, the influence of C-terminal amide group to hydrazide conversion on the in vitro and in vivo opioid activities of EMs was evaluated. Our results demonstrated that C-terminal amide to hydrazide conversion of EMs did not markedly change their μ-opioid receptor binding affinities. Nevertheless, EM-2-NHNH2 decreased guinea pig ileum (GPI) and mouse vas deferens (MVD) potencies by about 10- and 5-fold compared to the parent compound, respectively. It is noteworthy that EM-1-NHNH2 exhibited the highest antinociception after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection, about 1.5-fold more potent than EM-1, but with moderate colonic contractile and expulsive effects, comparable with EM-1. Additionally, though EM-2-NHNH2 showed a slightly lower antinociceptive effect than EM-2, at higher doses (i.c.v., 1.5 and 5 nmol/mouse) the inhibitory effects of colonic propulsion were significantly attenuated, which would be helpful in the development of suitable μ-opioid therapeutics, but without some undesirable side effects. Therefore, the present results gave the evidence that C-terminal amide to hydrazide conversion of EMs may play an important role in the regulation of opioid activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China.
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Inhibition of proteases as a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metabolic, inflammatory and functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Drug Discov Today 2013; 18:708-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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6
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Four-component pharmacophore model for endomorphins toward μ opioid receptor subtypes. J Mol Model 2011; 18:825-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang CL, Guo C, Zhou Y, Wang R. In vitro and in vivo characterization of opioid activities of C-terminal esterified endomorphin-2 analogs. Peptides 2009; 30:1697-704. [PMID: 19520129 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have synthesized a series of endomorphin-2 (EM-2) analogs by the substitution of C-terminal amide group. In the present study, to further our knowledge of the influence of C-terminal esterified modification on the pharmacological activities, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo opioid activities of C-terminal esterified EM-2 analogs 1-3. Our results showed that the ED(50) values on contractions of the longitudinal muscle of distal colon induced by analogs 1-3 were about 1.5-fold higher, 2- and 8-fold lower than EM-2, respectively. In addition, intravenous (i.v.) injections of analogs 1 and 2 dose-dependently decreased the system arterial pressure (SAP) and heart rate (HR) in anesthetized rats, but the degree of the hypotension and bradycardia was significantly smaller relative to the parent. Moreover, analog 3 was almost ineffective. Nevertheless, all these analogs produced potent antinociception in the tail-flick test after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection, and this antinociception was inhibited by naloxone, indicating an opioid mechanism. In summary, these results gave the evidence that the conversion of C-terminal amide to esterified modification may play an important role in the regulation of opioid affinities and pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Janecka A, Staniszewska R, Gach K, Fichna J. Enzymatic degradation of endomorphins. Peptides 2008; 29:2066-73. [PMID: 18718496 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 07/12/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Centrally acting plant opiates, such as morphine, are the most frequently used analgesics for the relief of severe pain, even though their undesired side effects are serious limitation to their usefulness. The search for new therapeutics that could replace morphine has been mainly focused on the development of peptide analogs or peptidomimetics with high selectivity for one receptor type and high bioavailability, that is good blood-brain barrier permeability and enzymatic stability. Drugs, in order to be effective, must be able to reach the target tissue and to remain metabolically stable to produce the desired effects. The study of naturally occurring peptides provides a rational and powerful approach in the design of peptide therapeutics. Endogenous opioid peptides, endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2, are two potent and highly selective mu-opioid receptor agonists, discovered only a decade ago, which display potent analgesic activity. However, extensive studies on the possible use of endomorphins as analgesics instead of morphine met with failure due to their instability. This review deals with the recent investigations that allowed determine degradation pathways of endomorphins in vitro and in vivo and propose modifications that will lead to more stable analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Janecka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
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Structure–activity study of endomorphin-2 analogs with C-terminal modifications by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6415-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Fichna J, Janecka A, Costentin J, Do Rego JC. The endomorphin system and its evolving neurophysiological role. Pharmacol Rev 2007; 59:88-123. [PMID: 17329549 DOI: 10.1124/pr.59.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endomorphin-1 (Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2) and endomorphin-2 (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2) are two endogenous opioid peptides with high affinity and remarkable selectivity for the mu-opioid receptor. The neuroanatomical distribution of endomorphins reflects their potential endogenous role in many major physiological processes, which include perception of pain, responses related to stress, and complex functions such as reward, arousal, and vigilance, as well as autonomic, cognitive, neuroendocrine, and limbic homeostasis. In this review we discuss the biological effects of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 in relation to their distribution in the central and peripheral nervous systems. We describe the relationship between these two mu-opioid receptor-selective peptides and endogenous neurohormones and neurotransmitters. We also evaluate the role of endomorphins from the physiological point of view and report selectively on the most important findings in their pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Fichna
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, CNRS FRE 2735, IFRMP 23, Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy, University of Rouen, 22, Boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen cedex, France
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Zhao QY, Chen Q, Yang DJ, Feng Y, Long Y, Wang P, Wang R. Endomorphin 1[ψ] and endomorphin 2[ψ], endomorphins analogues containing a reduced (CH2NH) amide bond between Tyr1 and Pro2, display partial agonist potency but significant antinociception. Life Sci 2005; 77:1155-65. [PMID: 15878600 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Accepted: 03/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Endomorphin 1 (EM1) and endomorphin 2 (EM2) are highly potent and selective mu-opioid receptor agonists and have significant antinociceptive action. In the mu-selective pocket of endomorphins (EMs), Pro2 residue is a spacer and directs the Tyr1 and Trp3/Phe3 side chains into the required orientation. The present work was designed to substitute the peptide bond between Tyr1 and Pro2 of EMs with a reduced (CH2NH) bond and study the agonist potency and antinociception of EM1[psi] (Tyr[psi(CH2NH)]Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2) and EM2[psi] (Tyr[psi(CH2NH)]Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2). Both EM1[psi] and EM2[psi] are partial mu opioid receptor agonists showing significant loss of agonist potency in GPI assay. However, EMs[psi] exhibited potent supraspinal antinociceptive action in vivo. In the mice tail-flick test, EMs[psi] (1, 5, 10 nmol/mouse, i.c.v.) produced potent and short-lasting antinociception in a dose-dependent and naloxone (1 mg/kg) reversed manner. At the highest dose of 10 nmol, the effect of EM2[psi] was prolonged and more significant than that of EM2. In the rat model of formalin injection induced inflammatory pain, EMs[psi] (0.1, 1, 10 nmol/rat, i.c.v.), like EMs, exerted transient but not dose-dependent antinociception. These results suggested that in the mu-selective pocket of EMs, the rigid conformation induced by the peptide bond between Tyr1 and Pro2 is essential to regulate their agonist properties at the mu opioid receptors. However, the increased conformational flexibility induced by the reduced (CH2NH) bond made less influence on their antinociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yu Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Tömböly C, Kövér KE, Péter A, Tourwé D, Biyashev D, Benyhe S, Borsodi A, Al-Khrasani M, Rónai AZ, Tóth G. Structure−Activity Study on the Phe Side Chain Arrangement of Endomorphins Using Conformationally Constrained Analogues. J Med Chem 2003; 47:735-43. [PMID: 14736254 DOI: 10.1021/jm0310028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endomorphins-1 and -2 were substituted with all the beta-MePhe stereoisomers in their Phe residues to generate a conformationally constrained peptide set. This series of molecules was subjected to biological assays, and for beta-MePhe(4)-endomorphins-2, a conformational analysis was performed. Incorporation of (2S,3S)-beta-MePhe(4) resulted in the most potent analogues of both endomorphins with enhanced enzymatic stability. Their micro opioid affinities were 4-times higher than the parent peptides, they stimulated [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding, and they were found to be full agonists. NMR experiments revealed that C-terminal (2S,3S)-beta-MePhe in endomorphin-2 strongly favored the gauche (-) spatial orientation which implies the presence of the chi(1) = -60 degrees rotamer of Phe(4) in the binding conformer of endomorphins. Our results emphasize that the appropriate orientation of the C-terminal aromatic side chain of endomorphins is substantial for binding to the micro opioid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Tömböly
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6701 Szeged, P.O. Box 521, Hungary
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Penke B, Datki Z, Hetényi C, Molnár Z, Lengyel I, Soós K, Zarándi M. Molecular pathomechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2003.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
The catabolism of the endomorphins was investigated in detail. The endomorphins were degraded relatively slowly in the rat brain homogenate (t1/2(endomorphin-1)=4.94 min; t1/2(endomorphin-2)=3.81 min). The inhibition of metalloproteases and aminopeptidases stabilised the endomorphins to the greatest extent. The digestion of endomorphins tritiated specifically on Tyr(1), Pro(2) or Phe(3) established also that only the aminopeptidase pathways were essential for inactivation of the endomorphins, and that the tetrapeptides were degraded by cleavage of the Pro(2)-Trp(3) or Pro(2)-Phe(3) bond. The end-products of the catabolism were amino acids; the fragments Tyr-Pro-OH and Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2 were present as intermediates. Metabolites produced by brain carboxypeptidases were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Tömböly
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
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Cardillo G, Gentilucci L, Qasem AR, Sgarzi F, Spampinato S. Endomorphin-1 analogues containing beta-proline are mu-opioid receptor agonists and display enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis resistance. J Med Chem 2002; 45:2571-8. [PMID: 12036366 DOI: 10.1021/jm011059z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we describe the synthesis and affinity toward the mu-opioid receptor of some tetrapeptides obtained from endomorphin-1, H-Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH(2) (1), by substituting each amino acid in turn with its homologue. The ability to bind mu-opioid receptors depends on the beta-amino acid, and in particular 4, which contains beta-L-Pro, has a K(I) in the nanomolar range. The peptides 4 and 5 are significantly more resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis than 1. The same compounds, as well as the mu-opioid receptor agonist DAMGO, produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP formation, thus behaving as mu-opioid agonists. These features suggest that this novel class of endomorphin-1 analogues may represent suitable candidates for the in vivo investigation as potential mu-opioid receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Cardillo
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, via Selmi 2, Università degli Studi di Bologna, 40126-Bologna, Italy
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Lengyel I, Orosz G, Biyashev D, Kocsis L, Al-Khrasani M, Rónai A, Tömböly C, Fürst Z, Tóth G, Borsodi A. Side chain modifications change the binding and agonist properties of endomorphin 2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 290:153-61. [PMID: 11779147 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Side chain modifications were introduced to endomorphin 2 (E2) to improve its binding properties and biological activity. A number of C-terminal modifications decreased the binding affinity to the mu-opioid receptor and the intrinsic activity in rat brain membranes. The exception was E2-ol, which showed increased binding affinity to MOR and higher potency in stimulating [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding. N-methylation of Phe(3) (MePhe(3)) attenuated the binding affinity and produced a rightward shift of [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding curves. All derivatives had lower intrinsic activity than E2. Some of the modified peptides partially inhibited, while YPF-benzyl-allyl-amide fully inhibited, the E2 or [d-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Gly(5)ol]enkephalin stimulated [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding. Marked differences were found between the results obtained using tritiated E2, tritiated naloxone, and [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding, indicating the possible involvement of multiple binding sites. The data presented demonstrate that the C-terminal amide group has an essential role in the regulation of the binding and the agonist/antagonist properties of E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lengyel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary.
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