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APP deficiency and HTRA2 modulates PrPc proteostasis in human cancer cells. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100035. [PMID: 37082595 PMCID: PMC10074928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2021.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis (proteostasis) requires an accurate balance between protein biosynthesis, folding, and degradation, and its instability is causally related to human diseases and cancers. Here, we created numerous engineered cancer cell lines targeting APP (amyloid ß precursor protein) and/or PRNP (cellular prion) genes and we showed that APP knocking-down impaired PRNP mRNA level and vice versa, suggesting a link between their gene regulation. PRNPKD, APPKD and PRNPKD/APPKD HeLa cells encountered major difficulties to grow in a 3D tissue-like environment. Unexpectedly, we found a cytoplasmic accumulation of the PrPc protein without PRNP gene up regulation, in both APPKD and APPKO HeLa cells. Interestingly, APP and/or PRNP gene ablation enhanced the chaperone/serine protease HTRA2 gene expression, which is a protein processing quality factor involved in Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, HTRA2 gene silencing decreased PRNP mRNA level and lowered PrPc protein amounts, and conversely, HTRA2 overexpression increased PRNP gene regulation and enhanced membrane-anchored and cytoplasmic PrPc fractions. PrPc, APP and HTRA2 destabilized membrane-associated CD24 protein, suggesting changes in the lipid raft structure. Our data show for the first time that APP and the dual chaperone/serine protease HTRA2 protein could modulate PrPc proteostasis hampering cancer cell behavior.
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de Lourenço IO, Seixas FAV, Fernandez MA, Almeida FCL, Fossey MA, de Souza FP, Caruso ÍP. 1H, 15N, and 13C resonance assignments of the SH3-like tandem domain of human KIN protein. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2021; 15:449-453. [PMID: 34417717 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-021-10044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
KIN is a DNA/RNA-binding protein conserved evolutionarily from yeast to humans and expressed ubiquitously in mammals. It is an essential nuclear protein involved in numerous cellular processes, such as DNA replication, class-switch recombination, cell cycle regulation, and response to UV or ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage. The C-terminal region of the human KIN (hKIN) protein is composed of an SH3-like tandem domain, which is crucial for the anti-proliferation effect of the full-length protein. Herein, we present the 1H, 15N, and 13C resonances assignment of the backbone and side chains for the SH3-like tandem domain of the hKIN protein, as well as the secondary structure prediction based on the assigned chemical shifts using TALOS-N software. This work prepares the ground for future studies of RNA-binding and backbone dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Otenio de Lourenço
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Aparecida Fernandez
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, Maringá State University (UEM), Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Fabio Ceneviva Lacerda Almeida
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) and National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging (CENABIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Andrés Fossey
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Fátima Pereira de Souza
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Ícaro Putinhon Caruso
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation (CMIB), São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil.
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) and National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging (CENABIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.
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Huang Q, Zahid KR, Chen J, Pang X, Zhong M, Huang H, Pan W, Yin J, Raza U, Zeng J, Zhu X, Zeng T. KIN17 promotes tumor metastasis by activating EMT signaling in luminal-A breast cancer. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:2013-2023. [PMID: 34008927 PMCID: PMC8258367 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC), the most common cause of cancer death in women, overtook lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer worldwide in 2020. Although many studies have proposed KIN17 as a biomarker of tumorigenesis in different cancer types, its role in tumor metastasis, particularly in BC metastasis, has been underexplored. This study aimed to explore the role of KIN17 in BC metastasis. Methods Survival analyses was performed to identify the association between KIN17 expression and BC patient survival in silico. Using lentivirus constructs, we developed bidirectional KIN17 expression (KD, knockdown; OE, overexpression) cellular models of luminal‐A (Lum‐A) breast cancer MCF‐7 cells. We performed in vitro wound healing, transwell with and without Matrigel assays, and in vivo tail‐vein metastasis assay to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of MCF‐7 with stable KIN17 knockdown or overexpression. Western blotting was performed to compare the changes in protein expression. Results We found that KIN17 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS), relapse‐free survival (RFS), distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) and post‐progression survival (PPS), particularly in Lum‐A breast cancer patients. Later, we found that KIN17 knockdown inhibited migration and invasion of MCF‐7 cells via regulating EMT‐associated signaling pathways in vitro and decreases metastatic spread of the disease in vivo. In contrast, KIN17 overexpression promoted migration and invasion of MCF‐7 cells in vitro and increased the metastatic spread of the disease in vivo. Conclusions Overall, our findings provide preliminary data which suggests KIN17 of importance to target in metastatic Lum‐A patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsi Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangxiong Pang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meifeng Zhong
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongling Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Weifeng Pan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Yin
- School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Jiamin Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhong Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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4
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Le MX, Haddad D, Ling AK, Li C, So CC, Chopra A, Hu R, Angulo JF, Moffat J, Martin A. Kin17 facilitates multiple double-strand break repair pathways that govern B cell class switching. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37215. [PMID: 27853268 PMCID: PMC5112545 DOI: 10.1038/srep37215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Class switch recombination (CSR) in B cells requires the timely repair of DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) that result from lesions produced by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). Through a genome-wide RNAi screen, we identified Kin17 as a gene potentially involved in the maintenance of CSR in murine B cells. In this study, we confirm a critical role for Kin17 in CSR independent of AID activity. Furthermore, we make evident that DSBs generated by AID or ionizing radiation require Kin17 for efficient repair and resolution. Our report shows that reduced Kin17 results in an elevated deletion frequency following AID mutational activity in the switch region. In addition, deficiency in Kin17 affects the functionality of multiple DSB repair pathways, namely homologous recombination, non-homologous end-joining, and alternative end-joining. This report demonstrates the importance of Kin17 as a critical factor that acts prior to the repair phase of DSB repair and is of bona fide importance for CSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael X. Le
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Alexanda K. Ling
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Conglei Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Clare C. So
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Amit Chopra
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Jaime F. Angulo
- Laboratoire de Radio Toxicologie, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Arpajon, 91297, France
| | - Jason Moffat
- Donnelly Centre and Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Alberto Martin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada
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Yu M, Zhang Z, Yu H, Xue C, Yuan K, Miao M, Shi H. KIN enhances stem cell-like properties to promote chemoresistance in colorectal carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 448:63-9. [PMID: 24755081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is widely used in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, especially in advanced stage patients. However, it is inevitable to develop chemoresistance. Recently, cancer cells acquired stem cell-like properties or cancer stem cells (CSC) were proved to attribute to chemoresistance. Here, we found that KIN protein was elevated in CRC cell lines and tissue specimens as compared to normal controls. Upregulation of KIN positively correlates with the metastatic status of CRC patients. Patients with high KIN expression showed poor prognosis and were with a short survival time. Overexpression of KIN enhanced, while silencing KIN impaired, chemoresistance to oxaliplatin (Ox) or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in CRC cell lines. Further investigation demonstrated that overexpression of KIN rendered CRC cells enriching CSC markers and CSC phenotype, and silencing KIN reduced CSC markers and CSC phenotype. Our findings suggest that the KIN level may be a suitable marker for predicting chemotherapy response in CRC, and silencing KIN plus chemotherapy may be a novel therapy for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Honglan Yu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Conglong Xue
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Kaitao Yuan
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Mingyong Miao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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Cloutier P, Lavallée-Adam M, Faubert D, Blanchette M, Coulombe B. Methylation of the DNA/RNA-binding protein Kin17 by METTL22 affects its association with chromatin. J Proteomics 2013; 100:115-24. [PMID: 24140279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Kin17 is a protein that was discovered through its immunoreactivity towards an antibody directed against prokaryotic RecA. Further study of Kin17 revealed a function in DNA replication and repair, as well as in pre-mRNA processing. Recently, it was found that Kin17 is methylated on lysine 135 by the newly discovered methyltransferase METTL22. To better understand the function of Kin17 and its regulation by methylation, we used multiple cell compartment protein affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry (MCC-AP-MS) to identify novel interaction partners of Kin17 and to assess whether these interactions can take place on chromatin. Our results confirm that Kin17 interacts with METTL22 both in the soluble and chromatin fractions. We also show that many RNA-binding proteins, including the previously identified interactor BUD13 as well as spliceosomal and ribosomal subunits, associate with Kin17 in the soluble fraction. Interestingly, overexpression of METTL22 in HEK 293 cells displaces Kin17 from the chromatin to the cytoplasmic fraction, suggesting a role for methylation of lysine 135, a residue that lies within a winged helix domain of Kin17, in regulating association with chromatin. These results are discussed in view of the putative cellular function of Kin17. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The results shown here broaden our understanding of METTL22, a member of a family of newly-discovered non-histone lysine methyltransferases and its substrate, Kin17, a DNA/RNA-binding protein with reported roles in DNA repair and replication and mRNA processing. An innovative method to study protein-protein interactions in multiple cell compartments is employed to outline the interaction network of both proteins. Functional experiments uncover a correlative role between Kin17 lysine methylation and its association with chromatin. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Can Proteomics Fill the Gap Between Genomics and Phenotypes?
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Cloutier
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lavallée-Adam
- McGill Centre for Bioinformatics and School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Denis Faubert
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Blanchette
- McGill Centre for Bioinformatics and School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Benoit Coulombe
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada.
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le Maire A, Schiltz M, Stura EA, Pinon-Lataillade G, Couprie J, Moutiez M, Gondry M, Angulo JF, Zinn-Justin S. A tandem of SH3-like domains participates in RNA binding in KIN17, a human protein activated in response to genotoxics. J Mol Biol 2006; 364:764-76. [PMID: 17045609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2006] [Revised: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 09/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The human KIN17 protein is an essential nuclear protein conserved from yeast to human and expressed ubiquitously in mammals. Suppression of Rts2, the yeast equivalent of gene KIN17, renders the cells unviable, and silencing the human KIN17 gene slows cell growth dramatically. Moreover, the human gene KIN17 is up-regulated following exposure to ionizing radiations and UV light, depending on the integrity of the human global genome repair machinery. Its ectopic over-expression blocks S-phase progression by inhibiting DNA synthesis. The C-terminal region of human KIN17 is crucial for this anti-proliferation effect. Its high-resolution structure, presented here, reveals a tandem of SH3-like subdomains. This domain binds to ribonucleotide homopolymers with the same preferences as the whole protein. Analysis of its structure complexed with tungstate shows structural variability within the domain. The interaction with tungstate is mediated by several lysine residues located within a positively charged groove at the interface between the two subdomains. This groove could be the site of interaction with RNA, since mutagenesis of two of these highly conserved lysine residue weakens RNA binding.
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Tran NT, Taverna M, Miccoli L, Angulo JF. Poly(ethylene oxide) facilitates the characterization of an affinity between strongly basic proteins with DNA by affinity capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:3105-12. [PMID: 16047314 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200400091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In order to study kin17 protein-DNA affinity, we have developed a fast and reproducible capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis of a strongly basic protein: kin17 protein, using a nonpermanent coating based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) to avoid adsorption of kin17. The coating procedure was optimized to provide a residual and stable electroosmotic flow (EOF = 5 x 10(-5) cm(2)/V x s), exhibiting RSD of 0.3% and excellent long-term stability. Good intraday and interday reproducibility of kin17 migration times (0.8 and 0.3% relative standard deviation (RSD), respectively) enabled us to consider that the recovery percentage obtained for kin17 protein was satisfactory (79%). The potential of this PEO-based coating procedure was evaluated for affinity CE method in order to study the affinity of kin17 protein for two single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) models: polydeoxyadenylic acid and polydeoxycytidilic acid (pdA and pdC). Binding constants (1.5 x 10(7) +/- 17% and 1.7 x 10(7) + 25%M(-1)) were evaluated assuming a 1:1 affinity between kin17 and pdA or pdC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyet Thuy Tran
- Groupe de Chimie Analytique Paris-Sud, EA 3343, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris XI, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Miccoli L, Biard DSF, Frouin I, Harper F, Maga G, Angulo JF. Selective interactions of human kin17 and RPA proteins with chromatin and the nuclear matrix in a DNA damage- and cell cycle-regulated manner. Nucleic Acids Res 2003; 31:4162-75. [PMID: 12853634 PMCID: PMC165974 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkg459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several proteins involved in DNA synthesis are part of the so-called 'replication factories' that are anchored on non-chromatin nuclear structures. We report here that human kin17, a nuclear stress-activated protein, associates with both chromatin and non-chromatin nuclear structures in a cell cycle- and DNA damage-dependent manner. After L-mimosine block and withdrawal we observed that kin17 protein was recruited in the nucleus during re-entry and progression through S phase. These results are consistent with a role of kin17 protein in DNA replication. About 50% of the total amount of kin17 protein was detected on nuclear structures and could not be released by detergents. Furthermore, the amount of kin17 protein greatly increased in both G(1)/S and S phase-arrested cells in fractions containing proteins anchored to nuclear structures. The detection of kin17 protein showed for the first time its preferential assembly within non-chromatin nuclear structures in G(1)/S and S phase-arrested cells, while the association with these structures was found to be less stable in the G(2)/M phase, as judged by fractionation of human cells and immunostaining. In asynchronous growing cells, kin17 protein interacted with both chromatin DNA and non-chromatin nuclear structures, while in S phase-arrested cells it interacted mostly with non-chromatin nuclear structures, as judged by DNase I treatment and in vivo UV cross-linking. In the presence of DNA damage in S phase cells, the distribution of kin17 protein became mainly associated with chromosomal DNA, as judged by limited formaldehyde cross-linking of living cells. The physical interaction of kin17 protein with components of the nuclear matrix was confirmed and visualized by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Our results indicate that, during S phase, a fraction of the human kin17 protein preferentially associates with the nuclear matrix, a fundamentally non-chromatin higher order nuclear structure, and to chromatin DNA in the presence of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Miccoli
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Laboratoire de Génétique de la Radiosensibilité, Département de Radiobiologie et de Radiopathologie, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Despras E, Miccoli L, Créminon C, Rouillard D, Angulo JF, Biard DSF. Depletion of KIN17, a human DNA replication protein, increases the radiosensitivity of RKO cells. Radiat Res 2003; 159:748-58. [PMID: 12751957 DOI: 10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0748:dokahd]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The human KIN17 protein is a chromatin-associated protein involved in DNA replication. Certain tumor cell lines overproduce KIN17 protein. Among 16 cell lines, the highest KIN17 protein level was observed in H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells, whereas the lowest was detected in MeWo melanoma cells. Cells displaying higher KIN17 protein levels exhibited elevated RPA70 protein contents. High KIN17 protein levels may be a consequence of the tumorigenic phenotype or a prerequisite for tumor progression. Twenty-four hours after exposure to ionizing radiation, after the completion of DNA repair, a co-induction of chromatin-bound KIN17 and RPA70 proteins was detected. Etoposide, an inhibitor of topoisomerase II generating double-strand breaks, triggered the concentration of KIN17 into punctuate intranuclear foci. KIN17 may be associated with unrepaired DNA sites. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that 48 h after transfection the uppermost KIN17-positive RKO cells shifted in the cell cycle toward higher DNA content, suggesting that KIN17 protein induced defects in chromatin conformation. Cells displaying reduced levels of KIN17 transcript exhibited a sixfold increased radiosensitivity at 2 Gy. The KIN17 protein may be a component of the DNA replication machinery that participates in the cellular response to unrepaired DSBs, and an impaired KIN17 pathway leads to an increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Despras
- CEA, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Laboratoire de Génétique de la Radiosensibilité, Département de Radiobiologie et de Radiopathologie, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France
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Biard DSF, Miccoli L, Despras E, Frobert Y, Creminon C, Angulo JF. Ionizing radiation triggers chromatin-bound kin17 complex formation in human cells. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:19156-65. [PMID: 11880372 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m200321200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human DNA-binding (HSA)kin17 protein cross-reacts with antibodies raised against the stress-activated Escherichia coli RecA protein. We show here that (HSA)kin17 protein is directly associated with chromosomal DNA as judged by cross-linking experiments on living cells. We detected increased amounts of DNA-bound (HSA)kin17 protein 24 h after gamma irradiation, with 2.6-fold more (HSA)kin17 molecules after 6 Gy of irradiation (46,000-117,000 molecules). At this time we observed that highly proliferating RKO cells displayed the concentration and co-localization of (HSA)kin17 and replication protein A in nucleoplasmic foci. Our results suggest that 24 h post-irradiation (HSA)kin17 protein may localize at the sites of unrepaired DNA damages. RKO clones expressing an (HSA)KIN17 antisense transcript (RASK.5 and RASK.13 cells) revealed that reduced (HSA)kin17 protein levels are correlated with a decrease in clonogenic cell growth and cell proliferation, as well as an accumulation of cells in early and mid-S phase. Taken together our observations support the idea that (HSA)kin17 protein is a DNA maintenance protein involved in the cellular response to the presence of DNA damage and suggest that it helps to overcome the perturbation of DNA replication produced by unrepaired lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis S F Biard
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Laboratoire de Génétique de la Radiosensibilité, Département de Radiobiologie et de Radiopathologie, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.
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Masson C, Menaa F, Pinon-Lataillade G, Frobert Y, Radicella JP, Angulo JF. Identification of KIN (KIN17), a human gene encoding a nuclear DNA-binding protein, as a novel component of the TP53-independent response to ionizing radiation. Radiat Res 2001; 156:535-44. [PMID: 11604067 DOI: 10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0535:iokkah]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation elicits a genetic response in human cells that allows cell survival. The human KIN (also known as KIN17) gene encodes a 45-kDa nuclear DNA-binding protein that participates in the response to UVC radiation and is immunologically related to the bacterial RecA protein. We report for the first time that ionizing radiation and bleomycin, a radiomimetic drug, which produce single- and double-strand breaks, increased expression of KIN in human cells established from tumors, including MeWo melanoma, MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma, and ATM+ GM3657 lymphoblast cells. KIN expression increased rapidly in a dose-dependent manner after irradiation. Under the same conditions, several genes controlled by TP53 were induced with kinetics similar to that of KIN. Using the CDKN1A gene as a marker of TP53 responsiveness, we analyzed the up-regulation of KIN and showed that is independent of the status of TP53 and ATM. In contrast, the presence of a dominant mutant for activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) completely abolished the up-regulation of KIN. Our results suggest a role for ATF2 in the TP53-independent increase in KIN expression after gamma irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Masson
- Laboratoire de Génétique de la Radiosensibilité, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Centre d'Etudes de Fontenay-aux-Roses, CEA, 60-68, Avenue du Général-Leclerc, B.P. no. 6, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
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Araneda S, Mermet N, Verjat T, Angulo JF, Radicella JP. Expression of Kin17 and 8-OxoG DNA glycosylase in cells of rodent and quail central nervous system. Brain Res Bull 2001; 56:139-46. [PMID: 11704351 DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Kin17 and 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (Ogg1) are proteins, respectively, involved in illegitimate recombination and DNA repair in eukaryotic cells. To characterize the expression of these proteins in cell types of rodent and avian brains, we combined immunocytochemistry for either Kin17 or Ogg1 proteins with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, an astrocyte marker) immunodetection on the same tissue section. Both Kin17 and Ogg1 proteins were localized in cell nuclei and were extensively distributed in neuronal populations of quail and rodent brains. However, GFAP-immunoreactive cells were never labeled by Kin17 protein. This was observed in nerve fiber tracts, in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampal formation, the hypothalamic region, and the periventricular regions of the brain of both species studied. These results were confirmed by combining in situ hybridization of kin17 mRNA and GFAP immunodetection. On the contrary, GFAP-immunoreactive cells were often labeled by the Ogg1 protein in brain structures such as fiber tracts, the cortical surface, the cerebellum, and the ependymal surface of both quail and mouse brains. Our results suggest that the expression of the Kin17 protein (observed in neurons) and that of the Ogg1 protein (observed in neurons and glial cells) is conserved in brain phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Araneda
- Neurobiologie des états de sommeils et d'éveil, INSERM U480, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon Cedex, France.
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14
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Wiens M, Diehl-Seifert B, Müller WE. Sponge Bcl-2 homologous protein (BHP2-GC) confers distinct stress resistance to human HEK-293 cells. Cell Death Differ 2001; 8:887-98. [PMID: 11526444 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2000] [Revised: 04/18/2001] [Accepted: 04/24/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It is established that sponges, the phylogenetically oldest still extant phylum of Metazoa, possess key molecules of the apoptotic pathways, that is members from the Bcl-2 family and a pro-apoptotic molecule with death domains. Here we report on transfection studies of human cells with a sponge gene, GCBHP2. Sponge tissue was exposed to heat shock and tributyltin, which caused an upregulation of gene expression of GCBHP2. The cDNA GCBHP2 was introduced into human HEK-293 cells and mouse NIH-3T3 cells; the stable transfection was confirmed by the identification of the transcripts, by Western blotting as well as by immunofluorescence using antibodies raised against the recombinant polypeptide. HEK-293 cells, transfected with GCBHP2, showed high resistance to serum starvation and tributyltin treatment, compared to mock-transfected cells. In contrast to mock-transfected cells, GCBHP2-transfected cells activated caspase-3 to a lower extent. Thus, sponges contain gene(s) involved in apoptotic pathway(s) displaying their function also in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wiens
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität, Duesbergweg 6, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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15
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Kannouche P, Mauffrey P, Pinon-Lataillade G, Mattei MG, Sarasin A, Daya-Grosjean L, Angulo JF. Molecular cloning and characterization of the human KIN17 cDNA encoding a component of the UVC response that is conserved among metazoans. Carcinogenesis 2000; 21:1701-10. [PMID: 10964102 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/21.9.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the cloning and characterization of the human KIN17 cDNA encoding a 45 kDa zinc finger nuclear protein. Previous reports indicated that mouse kin17 protein may play a role in illegitimate recombination and in gene regulation. Furthermore, overproduction of mouse kin17 protein inhibits the growth of mammalian cells, particularly the proliferation of human tumour-derived cells. We show here that the KIN17 gene is remarkably conserved during evolution. Indeed, the human and mouse kin17 proteins are 92.4% identical. Furthermore, DNA sequences from fruit fly and filaria code for proteins that are 60% identical to the mammalian kin17 proteins, indicating conservation of the KIN17 gene among metazoans. The human KIN17 gene, named (HSA)KIN17, is located on human chromosome 10 at p15-p14. The (HSA)KIN17 RNA is ubiquitously expressed in all the tissues and organs examined, although muscle, heart and testis display the highest levels. UVC irradiation of quiescent human primary fibroblasts increases (HSA)KIN17 RNA with kinetics similar to those observed in mouse cells, suggesting that up-regulation of the (HSA)KIN17 gene after UVC irradiation is a conserved response in mammalian cells. (HSA)kin17 protein is concentrated in intranuclear focal structures in proliferating cells as judged by indirect immunofluorescence. UVC irradiation disassembles (HSA)kin17 foci in cycling cells, indicating a link between the intranuclear distribution of (HSA)kin17 protein and the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kannouche
- Laboratoire de Génétique de la Radiosensibilité, Département de Radiobiologie et de Radiopathologie, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Centre d'Etudes de Fontenay-aux-Roses, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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16
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Chemin J, Monteil A, Briquaire C, Richard S, Perez-Reyes E, Nargeot J, Lory P. Overexpression of T-type calcium channels in HEK-293 cells increases intracellular calcium without affecting cellular proliferation. FEBS Lett 2000; 478:166-72. [PMID: 10922490 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Increased expression of low voltage-activated, T-type Ca(2+) channels has been correlated with a variety of cellular events including cell proliferation and cell cycle kinetics. The recent cloning of three genes encoding T-type alpha(1) subunits, alpha(1G), alpha(1H) and alpha(1I), now allows direct assessment of their involvement in mediating cellular proliferation. By overexpressing the human alpha(1G) and alpha(1H) subunits in human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells, we describe here that, although T-type channels mediate increases in intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations, there is no significant change in bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and flow cytometric analysis. These results demonstrate that expressions of T-type Ca(2+) channels are not sufficient to modulate cellular proliferation of HEK-293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chemin
- IGH-CNRS UPR 1142-141, rue de la Cardonille, F-34396 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
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17
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Kannouche P, Angulo JF. Overexpression of kin17 protein disrupts nuclear morphology and inhibits the growth of mammalian cells. J Cell Sci 1999; 112 ( Pt 19):3215-24. [PMID: 10504327 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.112.19.3215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UVC or ionizing radiation of mammalian cells elicits a complex genetic response that allows recovery and cell survival. Kin17 gene, which is highly conserved among mammals, is upregulated during this response. Kin17 gene encodes a 45 kDa protein which binds to DNA and presents a limited similarity with a functional domain of the bacterial RecA protein. Kin17 protein is accumulated in the nucleus of proliferating fibroblasts and forms intranuclear foci. Using expression vectors, we show that overexpression of kin17 protein inhibits cell-cycle progression into S phase. Our results indicate that growth inhibition correlates with disruption of the nuclear morphology which seems to modify the intranuclear network required during the early steps of DNA replication. We report that a mutant encoding a protein deleted from the central domain of kin17 protein enhanced these effects whereas the deletion of the C-terminal domain considerably reduced them. These mutants will be used to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which kin17 protein alters cell growth and DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kannouche
- Laboratoire de Génétique de la Radiosensibilité, Département de Radiobiologie et de Radiopathologie, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Centre d'Etudes de Fontenay-aux-Roses, CEA, avenue du Général-Leclerc, B.P. no. 6, France
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