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Del Campo P, Martínez C, Corma A. Activation and conversion of alkanes in the confined space of zeolite-type materials. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:8511-8595. [PMID: 34128513 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Microporous zeolite-type materials, with crystalline porous structures formed by well-defined channels and cages of molecular dimensions, have been widely employed as heterogeneous catalysts since the early 1960s, due to their wide variety of framework topologies, compositional flexibility and hydrothermal stability. The possible selection of the microporous structure and of the elements located in framework and extraframework positions enables the design of highly selective catalysts with well-defined active sites of acidic, basic or redox character, opening the path to their application in a wide range of catalytic processes. This versatility and high catalytic efficiency is the key factor enabling their use in the activation and conversion of different alkanes, ranging from methane to long chain n-paraffins. Alkanes are highly stable molecules, but their abundance and low cost have been two main driving forces for the development of processes directed to their upgrading over the last 50 years. However, the availability of advanced characterization tools combined with molecular modelling has enabled a more fundamental approach to the activation and conversion of alkanes, with most of the recent research being focused on the functionalization of methane and light alkanes, where their selective transformation at reasonable conversions remains, even nowadays, an important challenge. In this review, we will cover the use of microporous zeolite-type materials as components of mono- and bifunctional catalysts in the catalytic activation and conversion of C1+ alkanes under non-oxidative or oxidative conditions. In each case, the alkane activation will be approached from a fundamental perspective, with the aim of understanding, at the molecular level, the role of the active sites involved in the activation and transformation of the different molecules and the contribution of shape-selective or confinement effects imposed by the microporous structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Del Campo
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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2
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Xu D, Yin J, Gao Y, Zhu D, Wang S. Atomic-Scale Designing of Zeolite Based Catalysts by Atomic Layer Deposition. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1287-1301. [PMID: 33844400 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zeolite-supported catalysts have been widely used in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. Atomic-scale governing the metal or acid sites on zeolites still encounters great challenge in controllable synthesis and developing of novel catalysts. Atomic layer deposition (ALD), owing to its unique character of self-limiting surface reactions, becomes one of the most promising and controllable strategies to tailor the metallic deposition sites in atomic scale precisely. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary and viewpoint of recent research in designing and engineering the structural of zeolite-based catalysts via ALD method. A prior focus is laid on the deposition of metals on the zeolites with emphasis on the isolated states of metals, followed by introducing the selected metals into channels of zeolites associates with identifying the location of metals in and/or out of the channels. Subsequently, detailed analysis of tailoring the acid sites of different zeolites is provided. Assisted synthesis of zeolite and the regioselective deposition of metal on special sites to modify the structures of zeolites are also critically discussed. We further summarize the challenges of ALD with respect to engineering the active sites in heterogeneous zeolite-based catalysts and provide the perspectives on the development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Energy Research Institute, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Gao
- Energy Research Institute, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhu
- Energy Research Institute, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- Energy Research Institute, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
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3
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A Comparative Analysis of In Vitro Toxicity of Synthetic Zeolites on IMR-90 Human Lung Fibroblast Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113194. [PMID: 34073510 PMCID: PMC8198335 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad industrial application of zeolites increases the opportunity of inhalation. However, the potential impact of different types and compositions of zeolite on cytotoxicity is still unknown. Four types of synthetic zeolites have been prepared for assessing the effect on lung fibroblast: two zeolite L (LTL-R and LTL-D), ZSM-5 (MFI-S), and faujasite (FAU-S). The cytotoxicity of zeolites on human lung fibroblast (IMR-90) was assessed using WST1 cell proliferation assay, mitochondrial function, membrane leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed under control. Intracellular changes were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Toxicity-related gene expressions were evaluated by PCR array. The result showed significantly higher toxicity in IMR-90 cells with FAU-S than LTL-R, LTL-D and MFI-S exposure. TEM showed FAU-S, spheroidal zeolite with a low Si/Al ratio, was readily internalized forming numerous phagosomes in IMR-90 cells, while the largest and disc-shaped zeolites showed the lowest toxicity and were located in submembranous phagosomes in IMR-90 cells. Differential expression of TNF related genes was detected using PCR arrays and confirmed using qRT-PCR analysis of selected genes. Collectively, the exposure of different zeolites shows different toxicity on IMR-90 cells.
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Abstract
Nanosized zeolites with larger external surface area and decreased diffusion pathway provide many potential opportunities in adsorption, diffusion, and catalytic applications. Herein, we report a designer synthesis of ultra-fine Fe-LTL zeolite nanocrystals under very mild synthesis conditions. We prepared Fe-LTL zeolite nanocrystals synthesized using L precursor. The precursor is aging at room temperature to obtain zeolite L nuclei. In order to investigate more details of Fe-LTL zeolite nanocrystals, various characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, confirm the tetrahedral Fe3+ species in the zeolite framework. Besides, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicate that the average particle size of Fe-LTL zeolite crystals is approximately 30 nm. Thus, ultra-fine Fe-LTL zeolite with large external surface area and shorter diffusion pathway to the active sites might have great potential in the near future.
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Carpena-Núñez J, Rao R, Kim D, Bets KV, Zakharov DN, Boscoboinik JA, Stach EA, Yakobson BI, Tsapatsis M, Stacchiola D, Maruyama B. Zeolite Nanosheets Stabilize Catalyst Particles to Promote the Growth of Thermodynamically Unfavorable, Small-Diameter Carbon Nanotubes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002120. [PMID: 32812375 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A challenge in the synthesis of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is the lack of control over the formation and evolution of catalyst nanoparticles and the lack of control over their size or chirality. Here, zeolite MFI nanosheets (MFI-Ns) are used to keep cobalt (Co) nanoparticles stable during prolonged annealing conditions. Environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) shows that the MFI-Ns can influence the size and shape of nanoparticles via particle/support registry, which leads to the preferential docking of nanoparticles to four or fewer pores and to the regulation of the SWCNT synthesis products. The resulting SWCNT population exhibits a narrow diameter distribution and SWCNTs of nearly all chiral angles, including sub-nm zigzag (ZZ) and near-ZZ tubes. Theoretical simulations reveal that the growth of these unfavorable tubes from unsupported catalysts leads to the rapid encapsulation of catalyst nanoparticles bearing them; their presence in the growth products suggests that the MFI-Ns prevent nanoparticle encapsulation and prologue ZZ and near-ZZ SWCNT growth. These results thus present a path forward for controlling nanoparticle formation and evolution, for achieving size- and shape-selectivity at high temperature, and for controlling SWCNT synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Carpena-Núñez
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, OH, 45432, USA
| | - Rahul Rao
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, OH, 45432, USA
| | - Donghun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ksenia V Bets
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Dmitri N Zakharov
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - J Anibal Boscoboinik
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Eric A Stach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Michael Tsapatsis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Applied Physics Laboratory, John Hopkins University, Laurel, MB, 20723, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering & Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Dario Stacchiola
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Benji Maruyama
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
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Zhu J, Osuga R, Ishikawa R, Shibata N, Ikuhara Y, Kondo JN, Ogura M, Yu J, Wakihara T, Liu Z, Okubo T. Ultrafast Encapsulation of Metal Nanoclusters into MFI Zeolite in the Course of Its Crystallization: Catalytic Application for Propane Dehydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19669-19674. [PMID: 32602591 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulating metal nanoclusters into zeolites combines the superior catalytic activity of the nanoclusters with high stability and unique shape selectivity of the crystalline microporous materials. The preparation of such bifunctional catalysts, however, is often restricted by the mismatching in time scale between the fast formation of nanoclusters and the slow crystallization of zeolites. We herein demonstrate a novel strategy to overcome the mismatching issue, in which the crystallization of zeolites is expedited so as to synchronize it with the rapid formation of nanoclusters. The concept was demonstrated by confining Pt and Sn nanoclusters into a ZSM-5 (MFI) zeolite in the course of its crystallization, leading to an ultrafast, in situ encapsulation within just 5 min. The Pt/Sn-ZSM-5 exhibited exceptional activity and selectivity with stability in the dehydrogenation of propane to propene. This method of ultrafast encapsulation opens up a new avenue for designing and synthesizing composite zeolitic materials with structural and compositional complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ryota Osuga
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-10 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishikawa
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.,PRESTO (Japan) Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Naoya Shibata
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikuhara
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Junko N Kondo
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-10 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masaru Ogura
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.,Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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7
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Zhu J, Osuga R, Ishikawa R, Shibata N, Ikuhara Y, Kondo JN, Ogura M, Yu J, Wakihara T, Liu Z, Okubo T. Ultrafast Encapsulation of Metal Nanoclusters into MFI Zeolite in the Course of Its Crystallization: Catalytic Application for Propane Dehydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Ryota Osuga
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-10 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Ryo Ishikawa
- Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
- PRESTO (Japan) Science and Technology Agency Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Naoya Shibata
- Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikuhara
- Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Junko N. Kondo
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-10 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Masaru Ogura
- Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
- Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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Jarvis JS, Harrhy JH, Wang A, Bere T, Morgan DJ, Carter JH, Howe AGR, He Q, Hutchings GJ, Song H. Inhibiting the Dealkylation of Basic Arenes during n-Alkane Direct Aromatization Reactions and Understanding the C6 Ring Closure Mechanism. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack S. Jarvis
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jonathan H. Harrhy
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Takudzwa Bere
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Department School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Department School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - James H. Carter
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Department School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Alexander G. R. Howe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-09, 117575, Singapore
| | - Qian He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-09, 117575, Singapore
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Department School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Hua Song
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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9
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Wang S, Xu D, Zhu D, Zhao B, Guan H, Qin Y, Wu B, Yang Y, Li Y. Elucidating the restructuring-induced highly active bimetallic Pt–Co/KL catalyst for the aromatization of n-heptane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:892-895. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08845h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The restructured bimetallic Pt–Co/KL catalyst promotes the aromatization of n-heptane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xu
- Energy Research Institute
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhu
- Energy Research Institute
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- Energy Research Institute
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Guan
- Energy Research Institute
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yongwang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- People's Republic of China
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10
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Alshehri A, Alghamdi YG, Alzahrani KA, Narasimharao K. Influence of synthesis route on physico-chemical and catalytic properties of nanosized K-LTL zeolites. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.110458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Wu S, Yang X, Janiak C. Confinement Effects in Zeolite‐Confined Noble Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12340-12354. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Ming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology (WHUT) Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Xiao‐Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology (WHUT) Wuhan 430070 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)(SMSEGL) & School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologySun Yat-sen University (SYSU) Zhuhai 519082 China
- School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard University (HU) Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und StrukturchemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
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12
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Xu D, Wang S, Wu B, Zhang B, Qin Y, Huo C, Huang L, Wen X, Yang Y, Li Y. Highly Dispersed Single-Atom Pt and Pt Clusters in the Fe-Modified KL Zeolite with Enhanced Selectivity for n-Heptane Aromatization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:29858-29867. [PMID: 31343150 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of straight-chain paraffins into aromatics is particularly attractive but extremely challenging in the oil refining industry. Constructing the Pt-supported catalysts with high aromatic selectivity is vital. Here, we report a strategy to use Fe-modified KL zeolites to improve the Pt atom utilization efficiency and anchor them inside KL zeolite channels via atomic-layer deposition technique. A combination of highly dispersed single-atom Pt and electron-rich Pt clusters is fabricated on the KL zeolite through the creation of proper nucleation sites. The resulted catalyst (PtFe-1/KL) exhibits excellent performance for the n-heptane aromatization (90.1% aromatic selectivity) with an apparent activation energy of 131 kJ/mol and much enhanced stability at a relatively lower temperature (420 °C). Experimental analysis and density functional theory calculation demonstrate that the single-atom Pt might play a key role in the initial dehydrogenation of n-heptane to 1-heptene, and the superior stable Pt clusters encapsulated inside Fe-decorated KL zeolite channels accelerate the 1-heptene dehydrocyclization to aromatics. The synergetic interaction between single-atom Pt and Pt clusters enables the PtFe-1/KL catalyst to be one of the most effective n-heptane aromatization catalysts reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
- National Energy Research Center for Clean Fuels , Synfuels China Co., Ltd. , Beijing 101400 , People's Republic of China
- Beijng Key Laboratory of Coal to Cleaning Liquid Fuels , Beijing 101400 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
- National Energy Research Center for Clean Fuels , Synfuels China Co., Ltd. , Beijing 101400 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Huang
- National Energy Research Center for Clean Fuels , Synfuels China Co., Ltd. , Beijing 101400 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
- National Energy Research Center for Clean Fuels , Synfuels China Co., Ltd. , Beijing 101400 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
- National Energy Research Center for Clean Fuels , Synfuels China Co., Ltd. , Beijing 101400 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongwang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , People's Republic of China
- National Energy Research Center for Clean Fuels , Synfuels China Co., Ltd. , Beijing 101400 , People's Republic of China
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Ming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology (WHUT) Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Xiao‐Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology (WHUT) Wuhan 430070 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)(SMSEGL) & School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologySun Yat-sen University (SYSU) Zhuhai 519082 China
- School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard University (HU) Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und StrukturchemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
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14
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Study of PtO x/TiO₂ Photocatalysts in the Photocatalytic Reforming of Glycerol: The Role of Co-Catalyst Formation. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11101927. [PMID: 30308991 PMCID: PMC6212858 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, relationships between preparation conditions, structure, and activity of Pt-containing TiO2 photocatalysts in photoinduced reforming of glycerol for H2 production were explored. Commercial Aerolyst® TiO2 (P25) and homemade TiO2 prepared by precipitation-aging method were used as semiconductors. Pt co-catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation from aqueous solution of Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2 and activated by calcination, high temperature hydrogen, or nitrogen treatments. The chemico-physical and structural properties were evaluated by XRD, 1H MAS NMR, ESR, XPS, TG-MS and TEM. The highest H2 evolution rate was observed over P25 based samples and the H2 treatment resulted in more active samples than the other co-catalyst formation methods. In all calcined samples, reduction of Pt occurred during the photocatalytic reaction. Platinum was more easily reducible in all of the P25 supported samples compared to those obtained from the more water-retentive homemade TiO2. This result was related to the negative effect of the adsorbed water content of the homemade TiO2 on Pt reduction and on particle growth during co-catalyst formation.
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Xu D, Wang S, Wu B, Huo C, Qin Y, Zhang B, Yin J, Huang L, Wen X, Yang Y, Li Y. Tailoring Pt locations in KL zeolite by improved atomic layer deposition for excellent performance in n-heptane aromatization. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Li K, Chang Q, Yin J, Zhao C, Huang L, Tao Z, Yun Y, Zhang C, Xiang H, Yang Y, Li Y. Deactivation of Pt/KL catalyst during n-heptane aromatization reaction. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Selvaraj T, Renganathan R. Influence of Different Zeolite Frameworks on the Geometry of Platinum(II)tetraammine Complex. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:2558-2563. [PMID: 31458544 PMCID: PMC6641317 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The structural changes in the guest platinum(II)tetraammine complex due to the steric and electronic interactions with the host zeolite frameworks LTL, MWW, and Y have been investigated using density functional theory calculations. It is observed that the square planar geometry of platinum(II)tetraammine complex has been distorted to nonplanar geometry when encapsulated in supercages of zeolite framework. The distortion is found to be higher in LTL than that in Y and MWW frameworks, without affecting the nature of the zeolite framework. Geometrical parameters, highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies, global hardness, and softness were calculated to understand the distortion in the pores of the zeolite matrix. The most plausible active site of the complex was identified using the Fukui functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamilmani Selvaraj
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamilnadu, India
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18
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Zhao C, Wu B, Tao Z, Li K, Li T, Gao X, Huang L, Yun Y, Yang Y, Li Y. Synthesis of nano-sized LTL zeolite by addition of a Ba precursor with superior n-octane aromatization performance. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00661j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nano-sized LTL zeolites obtained by the Ba-assisted method show improved catalytic performance in n-octane aromatization reaction.
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Xu D, Wu B, Ren P, Wang S, Huo C, Zhang B, Guo W, Huang L, Wen X, Qin Y, Yang Y, Li Y. Controllable deposition of Pt nanoparticles into a KL zeolite by atomic layer deposition for highly efficient reforming of n-heptane to aromatics. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy02652d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Small-sized Pt particles inside KL zeolite channels are supposed to facilitate the dehydrogenation and cyclization of n-heptane.
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Hierarchically micro-/mesoporous Pt/KL for alkane aromatization: Synergistic combination of high catalytic activity and suppressed hydrogenolysis. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Cai M, Palčić A, Subramanian V, Moldovan S, Ersen O, Valtchev V, Ordomsky V, Khodakov A. Direct dimethyl ether synthesis from syngas on copper–zeolite hybrid catalysts with a wide range of zeolite particle sizes. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Mitigation of Methane Selectivity on Pt/KL-Zeolite Aromatization Catalysts by Ag Promotion. Catal Letters 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-016-1696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Farrusseng D, Tuel A. Perspectives on zeolite-encapsulated metal nanoparticles and their applications in catalysis. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02608c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent strategies for the design of zeolites with unusual architectures and porosities offer many opportunities for the encapsulation of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Farrusseng
- IRCELYON
- UMR 5256 CNRS-Université de Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
| | - Alain Tuel
- IRCELYON
- UMR 5256 CNRS-Université de Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
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Yang M, Liu J, Lee S, Zugic B, Huang J, Allard LF, Flytzani-Stephanopoulos M. A Common Single-Site Pt(II)–O(OH)x– Species Stabilized by Sodium on “Active” and “Inert” Supports Catalyzes the Water-Gas Shift Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3470-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja513292k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Jilei Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Sungsik Lee
- X-ray
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Branko Zugic
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Jun Huang
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lawrence F. Allard
- Materials
Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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Rimoldi M, Mezzetti A. Site isolated complexes of late transition metals grafted on silica: challenges and chances for synthesis and catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00450g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Grafting, quo vadis? The reasons for the aggregation of late transition metal complexes on oxide supports under reducing conditions and/or in the presence of π-accepting ligands are discussed, and strategies are suggested to prevent it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Rimoldi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Mezzetti
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zurich, Switzerland
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26
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Lupulescu AI, Kumar M, Rimer JD. A facile strategy to design zeolite L crystals with tunable morphology and surface architecture. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:6608-17. [PMID: 23570284 DOI: 10.1021/ja4015277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tailoring the anisotropic growth rates of materials to achieve desired structural outcomes is a pervasive challenge in synthetic crystallization. Here we discuss a method to selectively control the growth of zeolite crystals, which are used extensively in a wide range of industrial applications. This facile method cooperatively tunes crystal properties, such as morphology and surface architecture, through the use of inexpensive, commercially available chemicals with specificity for binding to crystallographic surfaces and mediating anisotropic growth. We examined over 30 molecules as potential zeolite growth modifiers (ZGMs) of zeolite L (LTL type) crystallization. ZGM efficacy was quantified through a combination of macroscopic (bulk) and microscopic (surface) investigations that identified modifiers capable of dramatically altering the cylindrical morphology of LTL crystals. We demonstrate an ability to tailor properties critical to zeolite performance, such as external porous surface area, crystal shape, and pore length, which can enhance sorbate accessibility to LTL pores, tune the supramolecular organization of guest-host composites, and minimize the diffusion path length, respectively. We report that a synergistic combination of ZGMs and the judicious adjustment of synthesis parameters produce LTL crystals with unique surface features, and a range of length-to-diameter aspect ratios spanning 3 orders of magnitude. A systematic examination of different ZGM structures and molecular compositions (i.e., hydrophobicity and binding moieties) reveal interesting physicochemical properties governing their efficacy and specificity. Results of this study suggest this versatile strategy may prove applicable for a host of framework types to produce unrivaled materials that have eluded more conventional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra I Lupulescu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA
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27
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Itani L, Bozhilov KN, Clet G, Delmotte L, Valtchev V. Factors That Control Zeolite L Crystal Size. Chemistry 2011; 17:2199-210. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Rivallan M, Yordanov I, Thomas S, Lancelot C, Mintova S, Thibault-Starzyk F. Plasma Synthesis of Highly Dispersed Metal Clusters Confined in Nanosized Zeolite. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Moiovich Z, Iovanovich L, Mentus S, Iovanovich D. Reduction of oxygen at a NaX-Ag composite electrode and its application to the determination of oxygen in aqueous media. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934810010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Mojović Z, Milutinović-Nikolić A, Mentus S, Jovanović D. Electrochemical Oxidation of Phenol on Metal-Impregnated Zeolite Electrodes. Chem Eng Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200800546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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The use of NaX zeolite as a template to obtain a mono-atomic pt dispersion by impregnation with Pt(II) acetylacetonate/acetone solution. JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2009. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc0910113m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of platinum into the cavities of NaX zeolite was realized by impregnation and thermal decomposition of the organometallic compound Pt(II)-acetylacetonate dissolved in acetone. A high dispersion of platinum to predominantly mono-atomic particles was achieved thanks to the tight fit of the Pt(II)-acetylacetonate molecules in the aperture of the zeolite supercage. Using the high angle annular dark field imaging technique of HRTEM, individual Pt particles situated within the zeolite crystals were, for the first time, clearly visible. This offers new possibilities of studying the distribution of incorporated metal particles along the crystal depth.
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33
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Mojović Z, Mentus S, Krstić I. Thin layer of Ni-modified 13X zeolite on glassy carbon support as an electrode material in aqueous solutions. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024407090208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Johnson CD, Worrall F. Novel granular materials with microcrystalline active surfaces: waste water treatment applications of zeolite/vermiculite composites. WATER RESEARCH 2007; 41:2229-35. [PMID: 17360021 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2006] [Revised: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The application of zeolites as adsorbents for waste water management is limited by the facts that only synthetic zeolites have sufficient capacity and only natural zeolites can be manufactured in practical sizes for application, i.e. synthetic zeolites have too small a grain size to be used and natural zeolites have low adsorption capacities. This study seeks to resolve this problem by the manufacture of synthetic zeolites upon an expanded lamella matrix (vermiculite). The synthesized composite was tested to show whether it combined the useful properties of both natural and synthetic zeolites. The study compared: hydraulic conductivity, adsorption capacity and rate of attainment of equilibrium of the synthetic composite in comparison to both a natural and a synthetic zeolite. The results demonstrate that the vermiculite-based composite shows the same hydraulic properties as a natural clinoptilolite with similar grain size (2-5mm), however, the rate of adsorption and maximum coverage were improved by a factor of 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Johnson
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Durham, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham, UK
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35
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Johnson CD, Worrall F. Zeolitisation of pumice—microporous materials on macroporous support structures derived from natural materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b610865b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Fierro-Gonzalez JC, Kuba S, Hao Y, Gates BC. Oxide- and Zeolite-Supported Molecular Metal Complexes and Clusters: Physical Characterization and Determination of Structure, Bonding, and Metal Oxidation State. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:13326-51. [PMID: 16821852 DOI: 10.1021/jp0571123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This article is a review of the physical characterization of well-defined site-isolated molecular metal complexes and metal clusters supported on metal oxides and zeolites. These surface species are of interest primarily as catalysts; as a consequence of their relatively uniform structures, they can be characterized much more precisely than traditional supported catalysts. The properties discussed in this review include metal nuclearity, oxidation state, and ligand environment, as well as metal-support interactions. These properties are determined by complementary techniques, including transmission electron microscopy; X-ray absorption, infrared, Raman, and NMR spectroscopies; and density functional theory. The strengths and limitations of these techniques are assessed in the context of results characterizing samples that have been investigated thoroughly and with multiple techniques. The depth of understanding of well-defined metal complexes and metal clusters on supports is approaching that attainable for molecular analogues in solution. The results provide a foundation for understanding the more complex materials that are typical of industrial catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Fierro-Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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37
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Jongpatiwuta S, Trakarnroek S, Rirksomboon T, Osuwan S, Resasco DE. n-Octane aromatization on Pt-containing non-acidic large pore zeolite catalysts. Catal Letters 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-004-3079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Shan W, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xia J, Tang Y. Synthesis of Meso-/Macroporous Zeolite (Fe,Al)-ZSM-5 Microspheres from Diatomite. CHEM LETT 2004. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2004.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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39
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Argo AM, Odzak JF, Lai FS, Gates BC. Observation of ligand effects during alkene hydrogenation catalysed by supported metal clusters. Nature 2002; 415:623-6. [PMID: 11832941 DOI: 10.1038/415623a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous organometallic catalysts and many enzymes activate reactants through coordination to metal atoms; that is, the reactants are turned into ligands and their reactivity controlled through other ligands in the metal's coordination sphere. In the case of supported metal clusters, catalytic performance is influenced by the support and by adsorbed reactants, intermediates or products. The adsorbates are usually treated as ligands, whereas the influence of the supports is usually ascribed to electronic interactions, even though metal clusters supported on oxides and zeolites form chemical bonds to support oxygen atoms. Here we report direct observations of the structure of supported metal clusters consisting of four iridium atoms, and the identification of hydrocarbon ligands bound to them during propene hydrogenation. We find that propene and molecular hydrogen form propylidyne and hydride ligands, respectively, whereas simultaneous exposure of the reactants to the supported iridium cluster yields ligands that are reactive intermediates during the catalytic propane-formation reaction. These intermediates weaken the bonding within the tetrahedral iridium cluster and the interactions between the cluster and the support, while replacement of the MgO support with gamma-Al2O3 boosts the catalytic activity tenfold, by affecting the bonding between the reactant-derived ligands and the cluster and therefore also the abundance of individual ligands. This interplay between the support and the reactant-derived ligands, whereby each influences the interaction of the metal cluster with the other, shows that the catalytic properties of supported metal catalysts can be tuned by careful choice of their supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Argo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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40
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41
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DRIFTS studies of carbon monoxide coverage on highly dispersed bimetallic Pt-Cu and Pt-Au catalysts. Catal Today 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-5861(00)00543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Gates B. Supported nanostructured catalysts: Metal complexes and metal clusters. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2377(01)27003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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43
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44
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Chandler BD, Schabel AB, Pignolet LH. Ensemble Size Effects on Toluene Hydrogenation and Hydrogen Chemisorption by Supported Bimetallic Particle Catalysts. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002222p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bert D. Chandler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Alex B. Schabel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Louis H. Pignolet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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46
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Simon L, van Ommen JG, Jentys A, Lercher JA. In Situ XANES Study of Pt/Mordenite during Benzene Hydrogenation in the Presence of Thiophene. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002425d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Influence of the Alkali in Pt/Alkali-β Zeolite on the Pt Characteristics and Catalytic Activity in the Transformation of n-Hexane. J Catal 2000. [DOI: 10.1006/jcat.2000.2995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Increased Sulfur Tolerance of Pt/KL Catalysts Prepared by Vapor-Phase Impregnation and Containing a Tm Promoter. J Catal 2000. [DOI: 10.1006/jcat.1999.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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