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Chaudhary AK, Chitriv SP, Chaitanya K, Vijayakumar RP. Influence of ultraviolet and chemical treatment on the biodegradation of low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene by Cephalosporium strain. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:395. [PMID: 36780023 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the potential of Cephalosporium strain in degrading the pre-treated (ultraviolet irradiation followed by nitric acid treatment) low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene films was investigated. Our observations revealed a significant weight reduction of 24.53 ± 0.73% and 18.22 ± 0.31% in pre-treated low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene films respectively, after 56 days of incubation with the Cephalosporium strain. Changes in the physicochemical properties of the mineral salt medium (MSM) were studied to assess the extent of biodegradation. The pH of the MSM decreased gradually during the incubation period, whereas its total dissolved solids and conductivity values increased steadily. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the formation of hydroxyl and C = C groups in biodegraded low-density polyethylene films, while in the case of biodegraded high-density polyethylene films it indicated the [Formula: see text]CH2 stretching. Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed an enhancement in the thermal stabilities of both the LDPE and HDPE films post the biodegradation. Modifications in the polymer surface morphologies after UV irradiation, chemical treatment, and biodegradation steps were visualized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. All our observations confirm the ability of the Cephalosporium strain in biodegrading the pre-treated LDPE and HDPE films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Kr Chaudhary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, 440010, Nagpur, India
| | - Shubham P Chitriv
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, 440010, Nagpur, India
| | - Kundrapu Chaitanya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, 440010, Nagpur, India
| | - R P Vijayakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, 440010, Nagpur, India.
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2
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Chen Z, Huang Z, Liu J, Wu E, Zheng Q, Cui L. Phase transition of Mg/Al-flocs to Mg/Al-layered double hydroxides during flocculation and polystyrene nanoplastics removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124697. [PMID: 33307450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics, a kind of emerging pollutant in natural environments, have now drawn tremendous attention worldwide. Flocculation with Mg/Al-layered double hydroxides (LDH) precursor solutions has showed great potential for removing negatively charged nanoparticles from water. In this study, the flocculation behavior and mechanism for the removal of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNP) with Mg/Al flocs or Mg/Al LDH were systematically analyzed and investigated. During the process of flocculation, it was observed that in situ Mg/Al LDH can be gradually formed with increasing pH, in addition, PSNP were captured or attached to the surface of LDH with a turning point around pH of 5.0. In acidic solutions with pH < 5.0, the negative surface charges of PSNP were diminished mainly due to the high concentrations of hydrogen ions and the positive charges from Mg and Al ions. In a moderately alkaline solution, Mg and Al ions gradually formed crystals capturing PSNP. Electrostatic adsorption and intermolecular force are the main mechanisms via which PSNP are captured on Mg/Al flocs. Herein, PSNP removal efficiencies from water were more than 90.0%. As the problem of plastic pollution becomes more severe, in situ LDH growth flocculation can provide an efficient way for the removal of PSNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhujian Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Junhong Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Enya Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lihua Cui
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Synergistic effect of UV and chemical treatment on biological degradation of Polystyrene by Cephalosporium strain NCIM 1251. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2183-2191. [PMID: 33620524 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study approaches the capability of Cephalosporium strain NCIM 1251 to degrade pre-treated polystyrene films. Polystyrene was initially treated with UV for the introduction of oxygen molecules in pure polystyrene samples. UV treatment inserts aliphatic ketones functional group in polystyrene whereas it created C-C stretching after chemical treatment in UV-treated polystyrene as analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The gravimetric study confirmed a decline in the weight of the pre-treated polystyrene by 20.62 ± 1.47% after 8 weeks of the incubation period. pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and conductivity of mineral salt media were correlated with the extent of biodegradation. Treatment with UV and acid increased the thermal stability of pure polystyrene, whereas thermal stability decreased in pre-treated polystyrene after incubation with Cephalosporium strain NCIM 1251 as studied by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis observed revisions in the morphology and surface patterns in pre-treated polystyrene after inoculation with Cephalosporium strain NCIM 1251. The observed findings suggest that the Cephalosporium strain NCIM 1251 could be efficient for the decomposition of pre-treated polystyrene.
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Lerman MJ, Lembong J, Muramoto S, Gillen G, Fisher JP. The Evolution of Polystyrene as a Cell Culture Material. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2018; 24:359-372. [PMID: 29631491 PMCID: PMC6199621 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene (PS) has brought in vitro cell culture from its humble beginnings to the modern era, propelling dozens of research fields along the way. This review discusses the development of the material, fabrication, and treatment approaches to create the culture material. However, native PS surfaces poorly facilitate cell adhesion and growth in vitro. To overcome this, liquid surface deposition, energetic plasma activation, and emerging functionalization methods transform the surface chemistry. This review seeks to highlight the many potential applications of the first widely accepted polymer growth surface. Although the majority of in vitro research occurs on two-dimensional surfaces, the importance of three-dimensional (3D) culture models cannot be overlooked. The methods to transition PS to specialized 3D culture surfaces are also reviewed. Specifically, casting, electrospinning, 3D printing, and microcarrier approaches to shift PS to a 3D culture surface are highlighted. The breadth of applications of the material makes it impossible to highlight every use, but the aim remains to demonstrate the versatility and potential as both a general and custom cell culture surface. The review concludes with emerging scaffolding approaches and, based on the findings, presents our insights on the future steps for PS as a tissue culture platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J. Lerman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
- Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group, Materials Measurement Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Josephine Lembong
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Shin Muramoto
- Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group, Materials Measurement Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Greg Gillen
- Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group, Materials Measurement Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - John P. Fisher
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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Samsudin N, Hashim YZHY, Arifin MA, Mel M, Salleh HM, Sopyan I, Jimat DN. Optimization of ultraviolet ozone treatment process for improvement of polycaprolactone (PCL) microcarrier performance. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:601-616. [PMID: 28337561 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing cells on microcarriers may have overcome the limitation of conventional cell culture system. However, the surface functionality of certain polymeric microcarriers for effective cell attachment and growth remains a challenge. Polycaprolactone (PCL), a biodegradable polymer has received considerable attention due to its good mechanical properties and degradation rate. The drawback is the non-polar hydrocarbon moiety which makes it not readily suitable for cell attachment. This report concerns the modification of PCL microcarrier surface (introduction of functional oxygen groups) using ultraviolet irradiation and ozone (UV/O3) system and investigation of the effects of ozone concentration, the amount of PCL and exposure time; where the optimum conditions were found to be at 60,110.52 ppm, 5.5 g PCL and 60 min, respectively. The optimum concentration of carboxyl group (COOH) absorbed on the surface was 1495.92 nmol/g and the amount of gelatin immobilized was 320 ± 0.9 µg/g on UV/O3 treated microcarriers as compared to the untreated (26.83 ± 3 µg/g) microcarriers. The absorption of functional oxygen groups on the surface and the immobilized gelatin was confirmed with the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and the enhancement of hydrophilicity of the surface was confirmed using water contact angle measurement which decreased (86.93°-49.34°) after UV/O3 treatment and subsequently after immobilization of gelatin. The attachment and growth kinetics for HaCaT skin keratinocyte cells showed that adhesion occurred much more rapidly for oxidized surfaces and gelatin immobilized surface as compared to untreated PCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhusna Samsudin
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, Level 3, KICT Building, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Azmir Arifin
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Maizirwan Mel
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamzah Mohd Salleh
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, Level 3, KICT Building, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Iis Sopyan
- Department of Manufacturing and Material Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dzun Noraini Jimat
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ylostalo JH, Bartosh TJ, Tiblow A, Prockop DJ. Unique characteristics of human mesenchymal stromal/progenitor cells pre-activated in 3-dimensional cultures under different conditions. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1486-1500. [PMID: 25231893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are being used in clinical trials, but the best protocol to prepare the cells for administration to patients remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that MSCs could be pre-activated to express therapeutic factors by culturing the cells in 3 dimensions (3D). We compared the activation of MSCs in 3D in fetal bovine serum containing medium and in multiple xeno-free media formulations. METHODS MSC aggregation and sphere formation was studied with the use of hanging drop cultures with medium containing fetal bovine serum or with various commercially available stem cell media with or without human serum albumin (HSA). Activation of MSCs was studied with the use of gene expression and protein secretion measurements and with functional studies with the use of macrophages and cancer cells. RESULTS MSCs did not condense into tight spheroids and express a full complement of therapeutic genes in α-minimum essential medium or several commercial stem-cell media. However, we identified a chemically defined xeno-free media, which, when supplemented with HSA from blood or recombinant HSA, resulted in compact spheres with high cell viability, together with high expression of anti-inflammatory (prostaglandin E2, TSG-6 TNF-alpha induced gene/protein 6) and anti-cancer molecules (TRAIL TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, interleukin-24). Furthermore, spheres cultured in this medium showed potent anti-inflammatory effects in a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage system and suppressed the growth of prostate cancer cells by promoting cell-cycle arrest and cell death. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that cell activation in 3D depends critically on the culture medium. The conditions developed in the present study for 3D culture of MSCs should be useful in further research on MSCs and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni H Ylostalo
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Thomas J Bartosh
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, TX, USA
| | - April Tiblow
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Darwin J Prockop
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, TX, USA.
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7
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Kubo T, Im J, Wang X, Whitten JE, Otsuka K, Yan M. Solvent induced nanostructure formation in polymer thin films: The impact of oxidation and solvent. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ni M, Zimmermann PK, Kandasamy K, Lai W, Li Y, Leong MF, Wan AC, Zink D. The use of a library of industrial materials to determine the nature of substrate-dependent performance of primary adherent human cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33:353-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Klinger A, Tadir A, Halabi A, Shapira L. The effect of surface processing of titanium implants on the behavior of human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2011; 13:64-70. [PMID: 20156232 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2009.00177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surface qualities of dental implants appear to modulate osteoblasts' growth and differentiation, affecting bone healing. During manufacturing of implants, the surface quality is affected by industrial processes. PURPOSE To examine the effect of manufacturing procedures on the growth and differentiation of human osteoblast-like cells, Saos-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saos-2 cells were cultured on titanium (Ti) disks. Cell growth was examined using the XTT assay, and cell differentiation was tested by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin secretion. The following variables were examined: roughening of the surface by sandblasting and acid-etching, aging of the acid used for etching, fluoride modification of the surface, and the type of the packaging material. RESULTS An inverse relationship was noted between Saos-2 growth and ALP activity on the tested surfaces. Roughening of the surface tended to decrease cell proliferation and to increase differentiation. Immersion of up to 200 cycles in acid decreased proliferation and increased differentiation. Cells grown on fluoride-modified surfaces exhibited more ALP activity as compared to the unmodified surfaces. No difference was noted between the three packaging materials tested. CONCLUSIONS The data suggests that industrial processes may affect the behavior of osteoblast-like cells around titanium implants and should be monitored carefully by bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avigdor Klinger
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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10
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Liu C, McKenna FM, Liang H, Johnstone A, Abel EW. Enhanced Cell Colonization of Collagen Scaffold by Ultraviolet/Ozone Surface Processing. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 16:1305-14. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2009.0769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chaozong Liu
- Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research Centre, School of Engineering, NRP Joint Research Institute for Medical Technology, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona-Mairead McKenna
- Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research Centre, School of Engineering, NRP Joint Research Institute for Medical Technology, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - He Liang
- Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research Centre, School of Engineering, NRP Joint Research Institute for Medical Technology, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Johnstone
- Trauma Unit, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Eric W. Abel
- School of Engineering & Physical Science, Dundee University, Dundee, United Kingdom
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11
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Yusilawati. Surface Modification of Polystyrene Beads by Ultraviolet/Ozone Treatment and its Effect on Gelatin Coating. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3844/ajassp.2010.724.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Audiffred JF, De Leo SE, Brown PK, Hale-Donze H, Monroe WT. Characterization and applications of serum-free induced adhesion in jurkat suspension cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 106:784-93. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Hook AL, Thissen H, Voelcker NH. Surface plasmon resonance imaging of polymer microarrays to study protein-polymer interactions in high throughput. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:9173-81. [PMID: 19408906 DOI: 10.1021/la900735n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymer microarrays provide a high-throughput format in which to assess biointerfacial interactions. This endeavor greatly assists with the development of advanced biomaterials. In order to increase the scope of this platform technology, the development of analytical tools that are compatible with the microarray format and are capable of analyzing biomolecular interactions in high throughput is needed. Here, we show that surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) is such a tool. SPRi enables spatially resolved, surface sensitive, label free, real-time analysis of multiple surface-biomolecular interactions in parallel. In order to demonstrate this, we first printed phenylazide-modified polymers onto a slide coated with a low fouling base polymer. UV irradiation of the slide resulted in the cross-linking of the printed polymer spots to the surface. SPRi was then employed to study the adsorption and desorption of bovine serum albumin, collagen, and fibronectin to these adhesive microarray spots. The spots were also incubated with an adherent cell line, enabling insight into the underlying mechanisms of cell attachment to the polymers studied. For the system analyzed here, electrostatic interactions were shown to dominate cell attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Hook
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia, Australia
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Guided growth of neurons and glia using microfabricated patterns of parylene-C on a SiO2 background. Biomaterials 2009; 30:2048-58. [PMID: 19138795 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a simple technique for the patterning of glia and neurons. The integration of neuronal patterning to Multi-Electrode Arrays (MEAs), planar patch clamp and silicon based 'lab on a chip' technologies necessitates the development of a microfabrication-compatible method, which will be reliable and easy to implement. In this study a highly consistent, straightforward and cost effective cell patterning scheme has been developed. It is based on two common ingredients: the polymer parylene-C and horse serum. Parylene-C is deposited and photo-lithographically patterned on silicon oxide (SiO(2)) surfaces. Subsequently, the patterns are activated via immersion in horse serum. Compared to non-activated controls, cells on the treated samples exhibited a significantly higher conformity to underlying parylene stripes. The immersion time of the patterns was reduced from 24 to 3h without compromising the technique. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of parylene and SiO(2) surfaces before and after immersion in horse serum and gel based eluant analysis suggests that the quantity and conformation of proteins on the parylene and SiO(2) substrates might be responsible for inducing glial and neuronal patterning.
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Liu X, Lim JY, Donahue HJ, Dhurjati R, Mastro AM, Vogler EA. Influence of substratum surface chemistry/energy and topography on the human fetal osteoblastic cell line hFOB 1.19: Phenotypic and genotypic responses observed in vitro. Biomaterials 2007; 28:4535-50. [PMID: 17644175 PMCID: PMC2705827 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Time-dependent phenotypic response of a model osteoblast cell line (hFOB 1.19, ATCC, and CRL-11372) to substrata with varying surface chemistry and topography is reviewed within the context of extant cell-adhesion theory. Cell-attachment and proliferation kinetics are compared using morphology as a leading indicator of cell phenotype. Expression of (alpha2, alpha3, alpha4, alpha5, alphav, beta1, and beta3) integrins, vinculin, as well as secretion of osteopontin (OP) and type I collagen (Col I) supplement this visual assessment of hFOB growth. It is concluded that significant cell-adhesion events-contact, attachment, spreading, and proliferation-are similar on all surfaces, independent of substratum surface chemistry/energy. However, this sequence of events is significantly delayed and attenuated on hydrophobic (poorly water-wettable) surfaces exhibiting characteristically low-attachment efficiency and long induction periods before cells engage in an exponential-growth phase. Results suggest that a 'time-cell-substratum-compatibility-superposition principle' is at work wherein similar bioadhesive outcomes can be ultimately achieved on all surface types with varying hydrophilicity, but the time required to arrive at this outcome increases with decreasing cell-substratum-compatibility. Genomic and proteomic tools offer unprecedented opportunity to directly measure changes in the cellular machinery that lead to observed cell responses to different materials. But for the purpose of measuring structure-property relationships that can guide biomaterial development, genomic/proteomic tools should be applied early in the adhesion/spreading process before cells have an opportunity to significantly remodel the cell-substratum interface, effectively erasing cause and effect relationships between cell-substratum-compatibility and substratum properties. IMPACT STATEMENT: This review quantifies relationships among cell phenotype, substratum surface chemistry/energy, topography, and cell-substratum contact time for the model osteoblast cell line hFOB 1.19, revealing that genomic/proteomic tools are most useful in the pursuit of understanding cell adhesion if applied early in the adhesion/spreading process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Jung Yul Lim
- Division of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Center for Biomedical Devices and Functional Tissue Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Henry J. Donahue
- Division of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Center for Biomedical Devices and Functional Tissue Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Ravi Dhurjati
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Andrea M. Mastro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Materials Research Institute and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Erwin A. Vogler
- Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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16
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Mitchell SA, Poulsson AHC, Davidson MR, Bradley RH. Orientation and confinement of cells on chemically patterned polystyrene surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2005; 46:108-16. [PMID: 16289533 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2005.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2005] [Revised: 10/04/2005] [Accepted: 10/04/2005] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UV/ozone oxidation was combined with a photomasking technique to produce adjacent regions of different chemistry on polystyrene (PS) surfaces. The surface chemistry and topography were studied using AFM, XPS and contact angle measurements. The physicochemical patterns were visualised by the condensation of water vapour upon the surfaces and by the differential attachment of Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells. The orientation of CHO cells on 55 and 125 microm wide oxidised PS strips were measured and found to be highly dependent on the width of the oxidised feature. CHO cells in relatively close proximity to a linear polar/non-polar border showed significant axial alignment along the border. CHO cells can also be confined to specific regions of the polymer surface. Cells attached to larger areas (75 microm x 75 microm) were found to have a smaller average cell size than cells attached to the smaller (56 microm x 56 microm) areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Mitchell
- Advanced Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, School of Engineering, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, UK.
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17
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Lubarsky GV, Browne MM, Mitchell SA, Davidson MR, Bradley RH. The influence of electrostatic forces on protein adsorption. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2005; 44:56-63. [PMID: 16023334 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2005.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the importance of electrostatic double layer forces on the adsorption of human serum albumin by UV-ozone modified polystyrene. Electrostatic forces were measured between oxidized polystyrene surfaces and gold-coated atomic force microscope (AFM) probes in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solutions. The variation in surface potential with surface oxygen concentration was measured. The observed force characteristics were found to agree with the theory of electrical double layer interaction under the assumption of constant potential. Chemically patterned polystyrene surfaces with adjacent 5 microm x 5 microm polar and non-polar domains have been studied by AFM before and after human serum albumin adsorption. A topographically flat surface is observed before protein adsorption indicating that the patterning process does not physically modify the surface. Friction force imaging clearly reveals the oxidation pattern with the polar domains being characterised by a higher relative friction compared to the non-polar, untreated domains. Far-field force imaging was performed on the patterned surface using the interleave AFM mode to produce two-dimensional plots of the distribution of electrostatic double-layer forces formed when the patterned polystyrene surfaces is immersed in PBS. Imaging of protein layers adsorbed onto the chemically patterned surfaces indicates that the electrostatic double-layer force was a significant driving force in the interaction of protein with the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- G V Lubarsky
- Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research Centre, School of Engineering, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 1FR, UK
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18
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Davidson MR, Mitchell SA, Bradley RH. UV-ozone modification of plasma-polymerised acetonitrile films for enhanced cell attachment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2004; 34:213-9. [PMID: 15261060 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2004.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plasma polymerisation is of great interest for modifying the surface properties of biomedical devices in order to control, for example, protein adsorption and cell attachment. In this paper we present results for plasma-polymerised acetonitrile deposited onto silicon or polystyrene substrates. The chemistry of films deposited under a range of experimental conditions was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XPS provided evidence that the elemental composition of the films varied with rf power to flow rate parameter (W/F) with films produced at higher W/F being deficient in nitrogen. FTIR revealed that the plasma deposited film contained a wide range of nitrogen functional groups including amine, imine and nitrile. Oxidation of the films by exposure to radiation from a low pressure mercury vapour lamp in an air ambient increased the surface oxygen levels from 3 to 17at.% after 300 s exposure. XPS also revealed that the oxidation process proceeded via the formation of carbonyl groups at short exposure times (<60s) while longer treatment times (>60s) resulted in an increase in the concentration of carboxyl groups. To assess their potential to support cell growth, polystyrene culture dishes coated with plasma deposited films and UV-ozone oxidised films were seeded with 1BR.3.N human fibroblast cells and incubated for up to 72 h. Un-oxidised plasma-polymerised acetonitrile films were found to give comparable cell attachment densities as tissue culture polystyrene. The greatest cell attachment density was found with plasma polymer films which had been UV-ozone treated for the longest time (300 s). Enhanced attachment to this surface was attributed to the high level of carboxylic groups found on this substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Davidson
- Advanced Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, School of Engineering, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, UK
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19
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Lim JY, Liu X, Vogler EA, Donahue HJ. Systematic variation in osteoblast adhesion and phenotype with substratum surface characteristics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 68:504-12. [PMID: 14762930 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.20087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Time-varying interactions of human fetal osteoblastic cells (hFOB 1.19) with materials of diverse chemical composition and surface energy, including biodegradable lactide/glycolide-based polymers, were assessed using a combination of assays sensitive to different phases of cell-substratum compatibility. Short-term (minutes to hours) cell-attachment-rate assays were used to measure the earliest stages of cell-surface interactions leading to adhesion. Proliferation-rate assays quantifying viability of attached cells were applied as a measure of medium-term (hours to days) cytocompatibility. Both attachment- and proliferation-rate assays were found to strongly correlate with material surface energy, with the exception of a reproducible and significant adhesion preference for fully water-wettable quartz over glass. No such adhesion/proliferation preference was observed for hydrophobized counterparts, and attachment to water-wettable glass was significantly less than that to control tissue culture polystyrene. These results suggest that the amorphous SiO(x) surface was inhibitory to hFOB 1.19 growth whereas putatively crystalline quartz stimulated bioadhesion. Alkaline phosphatase activity was evaluated as a marker for long-term (days) differentiation of hFOB 1.19 cells and did not strongly correlate with surface energy or, in the case of biodegradable polymers, chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yul Lim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Hambardzumyan A, Biltresse S, Dufrêne Y, Marchand-Brynaert J. An Unprecedented Surface Oxidation of Polystyrene Substrates by Wet Chemistry under Basic Conditions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2002; 252:443-9. [PMID: 16290810 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2002.8475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2001] [Accepted: 05/09/2002] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The surface of polystyrene substrates has been modified by wet chemistry consisting of a treatment with sodium hydroxide in a water-methanol solution at 50 degrees C for 15 h, under air atmosphere. The resulting samples were analyzed by XPS and AFM. The surface functional groups (hydroxyl and carboxyl functions) were assayed by radiolabeling. All the results are consistent with a surface oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arayik Hambardzumyan
- Unité de Chimie Organique et Médicinale, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bâtiment Lavoisier, Place Louis Pasteur 1, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
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