1
|
Kespohl B, Hegele AL, Düsterhöft S, Bakker H, Buettner FFR, Hartig R, Lokau J, Garbers C. Molecular characterization of the craniosynostosis-associated interleukin-11 receptor variants p.T306_S308dup and p.E364_V368del. FEBS J 2024; 291:1667-1683. [PMID: 37994264 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines and is an important factor for bone homeostasis. IL-11 binds to and signals via the membrane-bound IL-11 receptor (IL-11R, classic signaling) or soluble forms of the IL-11R (sIL-11R, trans-signaling). Mutations in the IL11RA gene, which encodes the IL-11R, are associated with craniosynostosis, a human condition in which one or several of the sutures close prematurely, resulting in malformation of the skull. The biological mechanisms of how mutations within the IL-11R are linked to craniosynostosis are mostly unexplored. In this study, we analyze two variants of the IL-11R described in craniosynostosis patients: p.T306_S308dup, which results in a duplication of three amino-acid residues within the membrane-proximal fibronectin type III domain, and p.E364_V368del, which results in a deletion of five amino-acid residues in the so-called stalk region adjacent to the plasma membrane. The stalk region connects the three extracellular domains to the transmembrane and intracellular region of the IL-11R and contains cleavage sites for different proteases that generate sIL-11R variants. Using a combination of bioinformatics and different biochemical, molecular, and cell biology methods, we show that the IL-11R-T306_S308dup variant does not mature correctly, is intracellularly retained, and does not reach the cell surface. In contrast, the IL-11R-E364_V368del variant is fully biologically active and processed normally by proteases, thus allowing classic and trans-signaling of IL-11. Our results provide evidence that mutations within the IL11RA gene may not be causative for craniosynostosis and suggest that other regulatory mechanism(s) are involved but remain to be identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Hegele
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Hans Bakker
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Falk F R Buettner
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Roland Hartig
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology and Service Unit Multiparametric Bioimaging and Cytometry, Medical Faculty, University of Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmad I, Lokau J, Kespohl B, Malik NA, Baig SM, Hartig R, Behme D, Schwab R, Altmüller J, Jameel M, Mucha S, Thiele H, Tariq M, Nürnberg P, Erdmann J, Garbers C. The interleukin-11 receptor variant p.W307R results in craniosynostosis in humans. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13479. [PMID: 37596289 PMCID: PMC10439179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39466-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniosynostosis is characterized by the premature fusion and ossification of one or more of the sutures of the calvaria, often resulting in abnormal features of the face and the skull. In cases in which growth of the brain supersedes available space within the skull, developmental delay or cognitive impairment can occur. A complex interplay of different cell types and multiple signaling pathways are required for correct craniofacial development. In this study, we report on two siblings with craniosynostosis and a homozygous missense pathogenic variant within the IL11RA gene (c.919 T > C; p.W307R). The patients present with craniosynostosis, exophthalmos, delayed tooth eruption, mild platybasia, and a basilar invagination. The p.W307R variant is located within the arginine-tryptophan-zipper within the D3 domain of the IL-11R, a structural element known to be important for the stability of the cytokine receptor. Expression of IL-11R-W307R in cells shows impaired maturation of the IL-11R, no transport to the cell surface and intracellular retention. Accordingly, cells stably expressing IL-11R-W307R do not respond when stimulated with IL-11, arguing for a loss-of-function mutation. In summary, the IL-11R-W307R variant, reported here for the first time to our knowledge, is most likely the causative variant underlying craniosynostosis in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilyas Ahmad
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, and University Heart Center, University of Lübeck, Building 67, BMF, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Naveed Altaf Malik
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mahmood Baig
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Roland Hartig
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology and Service Unit Multiparametric Bioimaging and Cytometry, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Behme
- University Clinic for Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland Schwab
- University Clinic for Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Core Facility Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Jameel
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Aga Khan University, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Sören Mucha
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, and University Heart Center, University of Lübeck, Building 67, BMF, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, and University Heart Center, University of Lübeck, Building 67, BMF, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC:I3), Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (ChaMP), Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ray S, Luharuka S. Mutational Analysis of Interleukin-11 and its Consequences on Cancer and
COVID-19 Related Cytokine Storm -An Extensive Molecular Dynamics
Study. Protein Pept Lett 2022; 29:514-537. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866529666220405102230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Interleukin-11 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is known to play an important
role in the progression of various forms of cancer by modulating the survival and proliferation of
tumour cells. IL11 also demonstrates a structural homology to IL6, the predominant cytokine
involved in COVID-19. This makes IL11 a potential therapeutic target in both diseases.
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the two-point mutations, R135E and R190E,
on the stability of IL11 and their effect on the binding affinity of IL11 with its receptor IL11Rα. It is
a molecular level analysis based on the existing experimental validation.
Method:
Computer-aided drug designing techniques, such as molecular modelling, molecular
docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, were employed to determine the consequential
effects of the two-point mutations.
Results:
Our analysis revealed that the two mutations led to a decrease in the overall stability of
IL11. This was evident by the increased atomic fluctuations in the mutated regions as well as the
corresponding elevation in the deviations seen through RMSD and Rg values. It was also
accompanied by a loss in the secondary structural organisation in the mutated proteins. Moreover,
mutation R135E led to an increase in the binding affinity of IL11 with IL11Rα and the formation of
a more stable complex in comparison to the wild-type protein with its receptor.
CONCLUSION:
Mutation R190E led to the formation of a less stable complex than the wild-type,
which suggests a decrease in the binding affinity between IL11 and IL11Rα.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Ray
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | - Shreya Luharuka
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Widjaja AA, Dong J, Adami E, Viswanathan S, Ng B, Pakkiri LS, Chothani SP, Singh BK, Lim WW, Zhou J, Shekeran SG, Tan J, Lim SY, Goh J, Wang M, Holgate R, Hearn A, Felkin LE, Yen PM, Dear JW, Drum CL, Schafer S, Cook SA. Redefining IL11 as a regeneration-limiting hepatotoxin and therapeutic target in acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/597/eaba8146. [PMID: 34108253 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba8146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol; APAP) toxicity is a common cause of liver damage. In the mouse model of APAP-induced liver injury (AILI), interleukin 11 (IL11) is highly up-regulated and administration of recombinant human IL11 (rhIL11) has been shown to be protective. Here, we demonstrate that the beneficial effect of rhIL11 in the mouse model of AILI is due to its inhibition of endogenous mouse IL11 activity. Our results show that species-matched IL11 behaves like a hepatotoxin. IL11 secreted from APAP-damaged human and mouse hepatocytes triggered an autocrine loop of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-dependent cell death, which occurred downstream of APAP-initiated mitochondrial dysfunction. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of Il11 receptor subunit alpha chain 1 (Il11ra1) in adult mice protected against AILI despite normal APAP metabolism and glutathione (GSH) depletion. Mice with germline deletion of Il11 were also protected from AILI, and deletion of Il1ra1 or Il11 was associated with reduced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation and quickly restored GSH concentrations. Administration of a neutralizing IL11RA antibody reduced AILI in mice across genetic backgrounds and promoted survival when administered up to 10 hours after APAP. Inhibition of IL11 signaling was associated with the up-regulation of markers of liver regenerations: cyclins and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as well as with phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (RB) 24 hours after AILI. Our data suggest that species-matched IL11 is a hepatotoxin and that IL11 signaling might be an effective therapeutic target for APAP-induced liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anissa A Widjaja
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | - Jinrui Dong
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Eleonora Adami
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Sivakumar Viswanathan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Ng
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Leroy S Pakkiri
- Cardiac Department, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Sonia P Chothani
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Brijesh K Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Wei Wen Lim
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Jin Zhou
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Shamini G Shekeran
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jessie Tan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Sze Yun Lim
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Joyce Goh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Mao Wang
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Robert Holgate
- Abzena, Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Arron Hearn
- Abzena, Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Leanne E Felkin
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Paul M Yen
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - James W Dear
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Chester L Drum
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Sebastian Schafer
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore. .,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore.,MRC-London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Metcalfe RD, Aizel K, Zlatic CO, Nguyen PM, Morton CJ, Lio DSS, Cheng HC, Dobson RCJ, Parker MW, Gooley PR, Putoczki TL, Griffin MDW. The structure of the extracellular domains of human interleukin 11α receptor reveals mechanisms of cytokine engagement. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8285-8301. [PMID: 32332100 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 11 activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways by forming a complex with its cell surface α-receptor, IL-11Rα, and the β-subunit receptor, gp130. Dysregulated IL-11 signaling has been implicated in several diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis. Mutations in IL-11Rα that reduce signaling are also associated with hereditary cranial malformations. Here we present the first crystal structure of the extracellular domains of human IL-11Rα and a structure of human IL-11 that reveals previously unresolved detail. Disease-associated mutations in IL-11Rα are generally distal to putative ligand-binding sites. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that specific mutations destabilize IL-11Rα and may have indirect effects on the cytokine-binding region. We show that IL-11 and IL-11Rα form a 1:1 complex with nanomolar affinity and present a model of the complex. Our results suggest that the thermodynamic and structural mechanisms of complex formation between IL-11 and IL-11Rα differ substantially from those previously reported for similar cytokines. This work reveals key determinants of the engagement of IL-11 by IL-11Rα that may be exploited in the development of strategies to modulate formation of the IL-11-IL-11Rα complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riley D Metcalfe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Kaheina Aizel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Courtney O Zlatic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Paul M Nguyen
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Personalised Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig J Morton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Daisy Sio-Seng Lio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heung-Chin Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Renwick C J Dobson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute.,Australian Cancer Research Foundation Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul R Gooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| | - Tracy L Putoczki
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Personalised Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology and Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lokau J, Garbers C. The length of the interleukin-11 receptor stalk determines its capacity for classic signaling. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:6398-6409. [PMID: 29523682 PMCID: PMC5925790 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.001879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-11 is a multifunctional cytokine that was traditionally recognized for its hematopoietic and anti-inflammatory functions, but has recently been shown also to be involved in tumorigenesis. IL-11 signaling is initiated by binding of the cytokine to the IL-11 receptor (IL-11R), which is not directly involved in signaling but required for IL-11 binding to the signal-transducing receptor glycoprotein (gp) 130. In classic signaling, IL-11 binds to the membrane-bound IL-11R to initiate signal transduction. Additionally, IL-11 signaling can be initiated via soluble IL-11R, known as trans-signaling, and this pathway only requires the three extracellular domains of the IL-11R, but not stalk, transmembrane, or intracellular region. Here, we analyzed the role of the IL-11R stalk region, a 55 amino acid stretch connecting the extracellular domains with the transmembrane helix, in classic IL-11 signaling with the help of cytokine-dependent cell lines. We showed that the stalk region is crucial for IL-11 signaling via the membrane-bound IL-11R. Using different deletion variants, we found that a minimal length of 23 amino acid residues is required for efficient signal transduction. We further found that classic IL-11 signaling depended solely on the length, but not the sequence, of the IL-11R stalk region, suggesting that the stalk functions as a spacer in the signaling complex. We previously described the IL-11R stalk region as determinant of proteolysis and regulator of IL-11 trans-signaling. The results presented here reveal an additional function in classic IL-11 signaling, highlighting the importance of the IL-11R stalk in IL-11 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lokau
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Balakrishnan L, Soman S, Patil YB, Advani J, Thomas JK, Desai DV, Kulkarni-Kale U, Harsha HC, Prasad TSK, Raju R, Pandey A, Dimitriadis E, Chatterjee A. IL-11/IL11RA receptor mediated signaling: a web accessible knowledgebase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:81-6. [PMID: 23631681 DOI: 10.3109/15419061.2013.791683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine that belongs to gp130 family. It plays a significant role in the synthesis and maturation of hematopoietic cells, inhibition of adipogenesis, regulation of embryo implantation, and trophoblasts invasion. Although IL-11 signaling has been described in several biological processes, a centralized resource documenting these molecular reactions induced by IL-11 is not publicly available. In the current study, we have manually annotated the molecular reactions and interactions induced by IL-11 from literature available. We have documented 40 unique molecules involved in 18 protein-protein interactions, 26 enzyme-substrate reactions, 7 translocation events, and 4 activation/ inhibition reactions. We have also annotated 23 genes reported to be differentially regulated under IL-11 stimulation. We have enabled the data availability in standard exchange formats from 'NetPath', a repository for signaling pathways. We believe that this will help in the identification of potential therapeutic targets in IL-11-associated disorders.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gu C, Liu L, He Y, Jiang J, Yang Z, Wu Q. The binding characteristics of a cyclic nonapeptide, c(CGRRAGGSC), in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2012; 4:443-449. [PMID: 22970042 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that interleukin-11 (IL-11) and the IL-11 receptor (IL-11R) are associated with the regulation of tumor progression and may play a significant role in bone metastases. The nonapeptide structure c(CGRRAGGSC) is a phage display-selected IL-11 mimic, which binds to IL-11R. The aim of this study is to investigate the binding characteristics of a cyclic nonapeptide c(CGRRAGGSC) in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. To investigate its binding and uptake effects, c(CGRRAGGSC) was labeled with a fluorescent dye, LSS670. The binding location of LSS670 cyclic nonapeptide in LNCaP cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to detect the fluorescence of LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC) in LNCaP cells. The binding of LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC) in LNCaP cells was inhibited by unlabeled cyclic nonapeptide, depending on the varying density of c(CGRRAGGSC) and different time points. The molecular probe bound to the LNCaP cell membrane and cytoplasm through fluorescence tracing. In the saturation experiments performed in vitro, the K(d) value was 3.2±0.02 nM and the B(max) value was 754±34 fmol/mg.pro. The 50% inhibiting concentration (IC(50)) was 6.31±0.12 nmol/l and the K(i) value was 2.11±0.14 nmol/l in competitive inhibition experiments. Our results suggest that c(CGRRAGGSC) is able to specifically bind to LNCaP cells through a receptor-mediated pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi 214042
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dams-Kozlowska H, Gryska K, Kwiatkowska-Borowczyk E, Izycki D, Rose-John S, Mackiewicz A. A designer hyper interleukin 11 (H11) is a biologically active cytokine. BMC Biotechnol 2012; 12:8. [PMID: 22433466 PMCID: PMC3382428 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-12-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin 11 (IL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine with anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and hematopoietic potential. The IL-11 activity is determined by the expression of the IL-11R receptor alpha (IL-11Rα) and the signal transducing subunit β (gp130) on the cell membrane. A recombinant soluble form of the IL-11Rα (sIL-11Rα) in combination with IL-11 acts as an agonist on cells expressing the gp130 molecule. We constructed a designer cytokine Hyper IL-11 (H11), which is exclusively composed of naturally existing components. It contains the full length sIL-11Rα connected with the mature IL-11 protein using their natural sequences only. Such a construct has two major advantages: (i) its components are as close as possible to the natural forms of both proteins and (ii) it lacks an artificial linker what should avoid induction of antibody production. Results The H11 construct was generated, the protein was produced in a baculovirus expression system and was then purified by using ion exchange chromatography. The H11 protein displayed activity in three independent bioassays, (i) it induced acute phase proteins production in HepG2 cells expressing IL-11, IL-11Rα and gp130, (ii) it stimulated the proliferation of B9 cells (cells expressing IL-11Rα and gp130) and (iii) proliferation of Baf/3-gp130 cells (cells not expressing IL-11 and IL-11Rα but gp130). Moreover, the preliminary data indicated that H11 was functionally distinct from Hyper-IL-6, a molecule which utilizes the same homodimer of signal transducing receptor (gp130). Conclusions The biologically active H11 may be potentially useful for treatment of thrombocytopenia, infertility, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular diseases or inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Dams-Kozlowska
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary St, 61-866 Poznan, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nieminen P, Morgan NV, Fenwick AL, Parmanen S, Veistinen L, Mikkola ML, van der Spek PJ, Giraud A, Judd L, Arte S, Brueton LA, Wall SA, Mathijssen IMJ, Maher ER, Wilkie AOM, Kreiborg S, Thesleff I. Inactivation of IL11 signaling causes craniosynostosis, delayed tooth eruption, and supernumerary teeth. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:67-81. [PMID: 21741611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniosynostosis and supernumerary teeth most often occur as isolated developmental anomalies, but they are also separately manifested in several malformation syndromes. Here, we describe a human syndrome featuring craniosynostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, delayed tooth eruption, and supernumerary teeth. We performed homozygosity mapping in three unrelated consanguineous Pakistani families and localized the syndrome to a region in chromosome 9. Mutational analysis of candidate genes in the region revealed that all affected children harbored homozygous missense mutations (c.662C>G [p.Pro221Arg], c.734C>G [p.Ser245Cys], or c.886C>T [p.Arg296Trp]) in IL11RA (encoding interleukin 11 receptor, alpha) on chromosome 9p13.3. In addition, a homozygous nonsense mutation, c.475C>T (p.Gln159X), and a homozygous duplication, c.916_924dup (p.Thr306_Ser308dup), were observed in two north European families. In cell-transfection experiments, the p.Arg296Trp mutation rendered the receptor unable to mediate the IL11 signal, indicating that the mutation causes loss of IL11RA function. We also observed disturbed cranial growth and suture activity in the Il11ra null mutant mice, in which reduced size and remodeling of limb bones has been previously described. We conclude that IL11 signaling is essential for the normal development of craniofacial bones and teeth and that its function is to restrict suture fusion and tooth number. The results open up the possibility of modulation of IL11 signaling for the treatment of craniosynostosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Nieminen
- Institute of Dentistry, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Akdis M, Burgler S, Crameri R, Eiwegger T, Fujita H, Gomez E, Klunker S, Meyer N, O'Mahony L, Palomares O, Rhyner C, Ouaked N, Quaked N, Schaffartzik A, Van De Veen W, Zeller S, Zimmermann M, Akdis CA. Interleukins, from 1 to 37, and interferon-γ: receptors, functions, and roles in diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127:701-21.e1-70. [PMID: 21377040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advancing our understanding of mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma, autoimmune diseases, tumor development, organ transplantation, and chronic infections could lead to effective and targeted therapies. Subsets of immune and inflammatory cells interact via ILs and IFNs; reciprocal regulation and counter balance among T(h) and regulatory T cells, as well as subsets of B cells, offer opportunities for immune interventions. Here, we review current knowledge about ILs 1 to 37 and IFN-γ. Our understanding of the effects of ILs has greatly increased since the discoveries of monocyte IL (called IL-1) and lymphocyte IL (called IL-2); more than 40 cytokines are now designated as ILs. Studies of transgenic or knockout mice with altered expression of these cytokines or their receptors and analyses of mutations and polymorphisms in human genes that encode these products have provided important information about IL and IFN functions. We discuss their signaling pathways, cellular sources, targets, roles in immune regulation and cellular networks, roles in allergy and asthma, and roles in defense against infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yanaka S, 谷 中, Sano E, 佐 野, Naruse N, 成 瀬, Miura KI, 三 浦, Futatsumori-Sugai M, 二 ツ, Caaveiro JMM, Tsumoto K, 津 本. Non-core region modulates interleukin-11 signaling activity: generation of agonist and antagonist variants. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:8085-8093. [PMID: 21138838 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.152561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human interleukin-11 (hIL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine administered to patients with low platelet counts. From a structural point of view hIL-11 belongs to the long-helix cytokine superfamily, which is characterized by a conserved core motif consisting of four α-helices. We have investigated the region of hIL-11 that does not belong to the α-helical bundle motif, and that for the purpose of brevity we have termed "non-core region." The primary sequence of the interleukin was altered at various locations within the non-core region by introducing glycosylation sites. Functional consequences of these modifications were examined in cell-based as well as biophysical assays. Overall, the data indicated that the non-core region modulates the function of hIL-11 in two ways. First, the majority of muteins displayed enhanced cell-stimulatory properties (superagonist behavior) in a glycosylation-dependent manner, suggesting that the non-core region is biologically designed to limit the full potential of hIL-11. Second, specific modification of a predicted mini α-helix led to cytokine inactivation, demonstrating that this putative structural element belongs to site III engaging a second copy of cell-receptor gp130. These findings have unveiled new and unexpected elements modulating the biological activity of hIL-11, which may be exploited to develop more versatile medications based on this important cytokine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Yanaka
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and
| | - 中冴子 谷
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and
| | - Emiko Sano
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and; The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562 and
| | - 野恵海子 佐
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and; The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562 and
| | | | - 瀬紀男 成
- Proteios Inc., Kamakura, 248-8555, Japan
| | - Kin-Ichiro Miura
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and
| | - 浦謹一郎 三
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and
| | | | - ツ森ー菅井睦美 二
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and
| | - Jose M M Caaveiro
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and; The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562 and
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and; The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562 and.
| | - 本浩平 津
- From the Department of Medical Genome Science, School of Frontier Sciences, and; The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562 and
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Futatsumori-Sugai M, Tsumoto K. Signal peptide design for improving recombinant protein secretion in the baculovirus expression vector system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 391:931-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
14
|
Cardó-Vila M, Zurita AJ, Giordano RJ, Sun J, Rangel R, Guzman-Rojas L, Anobom CD, Valente AP, Almeida FCL, Lahdenranta J, Kolonin MG, Arap W, Pasqualini R. A ligand peptide motif selected from a cancer patient is a receptor-interacting site within human interleukin-11. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3452. [PMID: 18941632 PMCID: PMC2565473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine approved by the FDA against chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. From a combinatorial selection in a cancer patient, we isolated an IL-11-like peptide mapping to domain I of the IL-11 (sequence CGRRAGGSC). Although this motif has ligand attributes, it is not within the previously characterized interacting sites. Here we design and validate in-tandem binding assays, site-directed mutagenesis and NMR spectroscopy to show (i) the peptide mimics a receptor-binding site within IL-11, (ii) the binding of CGRRAGGSC to the IL-11R alpha is functionally relevant, (iii) Arg4 and Ser8 are the key residues mediating the interaction, and (iv) the IL-11-like motif induces cell proliferation through STAT3 activation. These structural and functional results uncover an as yet unrecognized receptor-binding site in human IL-11. Given that IL-11R alpha has been proposed as a target in human cancer, our results provide clues for the rational design of targeted drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cardó-Vila
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amado J. Zurita
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ricardo J. Giordano
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jessica Sun
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Roberto Rangel
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Liliana Guzman-Rojas
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Ana P. Valente
- National NMR Center, Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Johanna Lahdenranta
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mikhail G. Kolonin
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wadih Arap
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WA); (RP)
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WA); (RP)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hecht O, Dingley AJ, Schwanter A, Ozbek S, Rose-John S, Grötzinger J. The solution structure of the membrane-proximal cytokine receptor domain of the human interleukin-6 receptor. Biol Chem 2006; 387:1255-9. [PMID: 16972794 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2006.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe members of the interleukin-6-type family of cytokines interact with receptors that have a modular structure and are built of several immunoglobulin-like and fibronectin type III-like domains. These receptors have a characteristic cytokine receptor homology region consisting of two fibronectin type III-like domains defined by a set of four conserved cysteines and a tryptophan-serine-X-tryptophan-serine sequence motif. On target cells, interleukin-6 (IL-6) initially binds to its cognate α-receptor and subsequently to a homodimer of the signal transducer receptor gp130. The IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) consists of three extracellular domains. The N-terminal immunoglobulin-like domain is not involved in ligand binding, whereas the third membrane-proximal fibronectin-like domain (IL-6R-D3) accounts for more than 90% of the binding energy to IL-6. Here, we present the solution structure of the IL-6R-D3 domain solved by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hecht
- Biochemisches Institut der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kawashima T, Hojyo S, Nishimichi N, Sato M, Aosasa M, Horiuchi H, Furusawa S, Matsuda H. Characterization and expression analysis of the chicken interleukin-11 receptor alpha chain. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 29:349-359. [PMID: 15859238 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2004.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in various pathways in blood cells, their precursors and many other cell types in vitro and in vivo. The effects of IL-11 are largely mediated by the IL-11 receptor alpha-chain (IL-11Ralpha). In this study, a putative cDNA sequence encoding the 414 amino acid propeptide of chicken IL-11R (chIL-11R) was identified. The predicted 414 amino acid sequence showed 42-43% sequence identity with mammalian homologues. In a domain search of the molecule, two fibronectin (FN) type-III domains were identified in the C- terminal portion. On comparison with mammalian IL-11R, 4 conserved cysteine residues and a WSXWS motif were observed within the FN type-III domains. Expression analysis revealed that chIL-11Ralpha is strongly expressed in brain, heart, lung, liver, glandular stomach, kidney, the immature testis, ovary and chicken blastodermal cells (CBCs) after 1-day-cultivation. These findings strongly indicate that the identified chicken cDNA sequence encodes chIL-11R alpha-chain homologue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kawashima
- Hiroshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hirohima 739-0046, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Perret D, Guillet C, Elson G, Froger J, Plun-Favreau H, Rousseau F, Chabbert M, Gauchat JF, Gascan H. Two Different Contact Sites Are Recruited by Cardiotrophin-like Cytokine (CLC) to Generate the CLC/CLF and CLC/sCNTFRα Composite Cytokines. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:43961-70. [PMID: 15272019 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m407686200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytokines of the interleukin-6 family are multifunctional proteins that regulate cell growth, differentiation, and other cell functions in a variety of biological systems including the immune, inflammatory, hematopoietic, and nervous systems. One member of this family, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), displays biological functions more restricted to the neuromuscular axis. We have recently identified two additional ligands for the CNTF receptor complex. Both are composite cytokines formed by cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC) associated to either the soluble type I cytokine receptor CLF or the soluble form of CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFRalpha). The present study was aimed at analyzing the interactions between the cytokine CLC and its different receptor chains. For this purpose, we modeled CLC/receptor interactions to define the residues potentially involved in the contact sites. We then performed site-directed mutagenesis on these residues and analyzed the biological interactions between mutants and receptor chains. Importantly, we found that CLC interacts with the soluble forms of CNTFRalpha and CLF via sites 1 and 3, respectively. For site 1, the most crucial residues involved in the interaction are Trp67, Arg170, and Asp174, which interact with CNTFRalpha. Surprisingly, the residues that are important for the interaction of CLC with CLF are part of the conserved FXXK motif of site 3 known to be the interaction site of LIFRbeta. Obtained results show that the Phe151 and Lys154 residues are effectively involved in the interaction of CLC with LIFRbeta. This study establishes the molecular details of the interaction of CLC with CLF, CNTFRalpha, and LIFRbeta and helps to define the precise role of each protein in this functional receptor complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Perret
- INSERM U564, CHU d'Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49033 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schwantner A, Dingley AJ, Ozbek S, Rose-John S, Grötzinger J. Direct Determination of the Interleukin-6 Binding Epitope of the Interleukin-6 Receptor by NMR Spectroscopy. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:571-6. [PMID: 14557255 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m311019200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
All cytokines belonging to the interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type family of cytokines utilize receptors that have a modular build of several immunoglobulin-like and fibronectin type III-like domains. Characteristic of these receptors is a cytokine receptor homology region consisting of two such fibronectin domains defined by a set of four conserved cysteines and a tryptophan-serine-X-tryptophan-serine sequence motif. On target cells, interleukin-6 first binds to its specific receptor and subsequently to a homodimer of the signal transducer protein gp130. The interleukin-6 receptor consists of three extracellular domains. The N-terminal immunoglobulin-like domain is not involved in ligand binding, whereas the third membrane proximal fibronectin-like domain accounts for more than 90% of the binding energy to IL-6. Here, the key residues of this fibronectin-like domain involved in the interaction with IL-6 are described. Chemical shift mapping data with 15N-labeled IL-6R-D3 and unlabeled IL-6 coupled with recent structural data clearly reveal the epitope within the IL-6R-D3 responsible for mediating the high affinity interaction with its cognate cytokine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schwantner
- Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
We have assembled references of 700 articles published in 2001 that describe work performed using commercially available optical biosensors. To illustrate the technology's diversity, the citation list is divided into reviews, methods and specific applications, as well as instrument type. We noted marked improvements in the utilization of biosensors and the presentation of kinetic data over previous years. These advances reflect a maturing of the technology, which has become a standard method for characterizing biomolecular interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wen CY, Ito M, Matsuu M, Fukuda E, Shichijo K, Nakashima M, Nakayama T, Sekine I. Mechanism of the antiulcerogenic effect of IL-11 on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Life Sci 2002; 70:2997-3005. [PMID: 12138013 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing effect of interleukin-11 (IL-11) on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Gastric ulcers were induced in male Wistar rats by applying acetic acid to the fundus of the stomach. Recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11 100 microg/kg/twice daily, subcutaneously) was administered starting on the 2nd day before ulcer induction up through the 7th day after ulcer induction. Control rats were injected with bovine serum albumin. At 12 hours and 7 days after ulcer induction, the animals were sacrificed, and the ulcer index, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, and IL-11alpha receptor expression in the gastric tissues were studied. The ulcer index of the rhIL-11-treated rats was significantly lower than that of the control rats at the 7th day. The expression of PCNA as evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, was enhanced in both the mucosal proliferative zone and proper muscle layer of the rhIL-11-treated rats in comparison with that in the control rats. IL-11alpha receptor expression was observed in the mucosal neck cells of the rhIL-11-treated rats and control rats. These findings suggest that IL-11 accelerates ulcer healing by inducing the proliferation of mucosal and muscular cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang Wen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang XM, Wilkin JM, Boisteau O, Harmegnies D, Blanc C, Vandenbussche P, Montero-Julian FA, Jacques Y, Content J. Engineering and use of (32)P-labeled human recombinant interleukin-11 for receptor binding studies. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2002; 269:61-8. [PMID: 11784299 DOI: 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2002.02622.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human interleukin-11 (hIL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is involved in numerous biological activities such as hematopoiesis, osteoclastogenesis, neurogenesis and female fertility. IL-11 is obviously a key reagent to study the IL-11 receptors. However, conventional radio-iodination techniques lead to a loss of IL-11 bioactivity. Here, we report the construction and the production of a new recombinant human IL-11 (FP Delta IL-11). In this molecule, a specific phosphorylation site (RRASVA) has been introduced at the N-terminus of rhIL-11. It can be specifically phosphorylated by bovine heart protein kinase and accordingly, easily radiolabeled with (32)P. A high radiological specific activity (250,000 c.p.m x ng(-1) of protein) was obtained with the retention of full biological activity of the protein. The binding of (32)P-labeled FP Delta IL-11 to Ba/F3 cells stably transfected with plasmids encoding human IL-11 receptors alpha and beta chains (IL-11R alpha and gp130) was specific and saturable with a high affinity as determined from Scatchard plot analysis. Availability of this new ligand should prompt further studies on IL-11R structure, expression and regulation.
Collapse
|