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Liu N, Liang H, Hong Y, Lu X, Jin X, Li Y, Tang S, Li Y, Cao W. Gallic acid pretreatment mitigates parathyroid ischemia-reperfusion injury through signaling pathway modulation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12971. [PMID: 38839854 PMCID: PMC11153493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid surgery often results in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) to the parathyroid glands, yet the mechanisms underlying this and how to ameliorate IRI remain incompletely explored. Our study identifies a polyphenolic herbal extract-gallic acid (GA)-with antioxidative properties against IRI. Through flow cytometry and CCK8 assays, we investigate the protective effects of GA pretreatment on a parathyroid IRI model and decode its potential mechanisms via RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis. Results reveal increased apoptosis, pronounced G1 phase arrest, and significantly reduced cell proliferation in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group compared to the hypoxia group, which GA pretreatment mitigates. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis indicate GA's modulation of various signaling pathways, including IL-17, AMPK, MAPK, transient receptor potential channels, cAMP, and Rap1. In summary, GA pretreatment demonstrates potential in protecting parathyroid cells from IRI by influencing various genes and signaling pathways. These findings offer a promising therapeutic strategy for hypoparathyroidism treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianqiu Liu
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmin Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Departments of Laboratory, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokai Lu
- Departments of Ultrasound, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiying Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihan Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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Rao T, Tong H, Li J, Huang J, Yin Y, Zhang J. Exploring the role and mechanism of hyperoside against cardiomyocyte injury in mice with myocardial infarction based on JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155319. [PMID: 38518637 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most deadly diseases in the world. Hyperoside (Hyp) has been shown to have a protective effect on cardiovascular function through various signaling pathways, but whether it can protect myocardial infarction by regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate whether Hyp could protect the heart against myocardial infarction injury in mice by modulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and its potential mechanism. METHODS In vivo experiments, the myocardial infarction model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) of male C57BL/6 mice permanently. The mice were divided into seven groups: sham group, MI group, MI+Hyp (9 mg/kg), MI+Hyp (18 mg/kg) group, MI+Hyp (36 mg/kg) group, MI+Captopril group (15 mg/kg) group and MI+Hyp (36 mg/kg)+AG490 (7.5 mg/kg) group. Each group of animals were given different concentrations of hyperoside, positive control drug or inhibitor of JAK2/STAT3 singaling. After 14 days of administration, the electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography and serum myocardial injury markers were examined; Slices of mouse myocardial tissue were assessed for histopathological changes by HE, Masson and Sirius Red staining. TTC and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the myocardial infarction area and cardiomyocytes apoptosis respectively. The expression of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins were detected by western blot. In vitro experiments, rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were deprived of oxygen and glucose (OGD) to stimulate myocardial ischemia. The experiment was divided into seven groups: Control group, OGD group, OGD+Hyp (20 μM) group, OGD+Hyp (40 μM) group, OGD+Hyp (80 μM), OGD+Captopril (10 μM) group and OGD+Hyp (80 μM)+AG490 (100 μM) group. Myocardial cell damage and redox index were measured 12 h after OGD treatment. ROS content in cardiomyocytes was detected by immunofluorescence. Cardiomyocytes apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway-related proteins, apoptosis and autophagy related proteins were detected by western blot. RESULTS In vivo, hyperoside could ameolirate ECG abnormality, increase cardiac function, reduce myocardial infarction size and significantly reduce myocardial fibrosis level and oxidation level. The experimental results in vitro showed that Hyp could reduce the ROS content in cardiomyocytes, decrease the level of oxidative stress and counteract the apoptosis induced by OGD injury . Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that hyperoside could increase phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3, indicating that hyperoside could play a cardioprotective role by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. It was also shown that hyperoside could increase the autophagy level of cardiomyocytes in vivo and in vitro. However the cardiomyocyte-protective effect of Hyp was abolished in combination with JAK2/ STAT3 signaling pathway inhibitor AG490. These results indicated that the protective effect of Hyp on cardiomyocyte injury was at least partially achieved through the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Hyp can significantly improve cardiac function, ameliorate myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial remodeling in MI mice. The mechanism may be related to improving mitochondrial autophagy of cardiomyocytes to maintain the advantage of autophagy, and blocking apoptosis pathway through phagocytosis, thus suppressing apoptosis level of cardiomyocytes. These effects of Hyp are achieved, at least in part, by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingcai Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Department of School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Vocational College, NO.99 Xirong Road, Dazu, 404100, PR China
| | - Hua Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Department of Fuyang fifth People's Hospital, NO.227 Taihe Road, Yingquan District, Anhui Fuyang, 236000, PR China
| | - Jiahao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Yanyan Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, PR China.
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Kelava M, Milam AJ, Mi J, Alfirevic A, Grady P, Unai S, Elgharably H, McCurry K, Koprivanac M, Duncan A. Arterial Hyperoxemia During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Was Not Associated With Worse Postoperative Pulmonary Function: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Anesth Analg 2024; 138:1003-1010. [PMID: 37733624 PMCID: PMC10994185 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial hyperoxemia may cause end-organ damage secondary to the increased formation of free oxygen radicals. The clinical evidence on postoperative lung toxicity from arterial hyperoxemia during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is scarce, and the effect of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (Pa o2 ) during cardiac surgery on lung injury has been underinvestigated. Thus, we aimed to examine the relationship between Pa o2 during CPB and postoperative lung injury. Secondarily, we examined the relationship between Pa o2 and global (lactate), and regional tissue malperfusion (acute kidney injury). We further explored the association with regional tissue malperfusion by examining markers of cardiac (troponin) and liver injury (bilirubin). METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study including patients who underwent elective cardiac surgeries (coronary artery bypass, valve, aortic, or combined) requiring CPB between April 2015 and December 2021 at a large quaternary medical center. The primary outcome was postoperative lung function defined as the ratio of Pa o2 to fractional inspired oxygen concentration (F io2 ); P/F ratio 6 hours following surgery or before extubation. The association between CPB in-line sample monitor Pa o2 and primary, secondary, and exploratory outcomes was evaluated using linear or logistic regression models adjusting for available baseline confounders. RESULTS A total of 9141 patients met inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 8429 (92.2%) patients had complete baseline variables available and were included in the analysis. The mean age of the sample was 64 (SD = 13), and 68% were men (n = 6208). The time-weighted average (TWA) of in-line sample monitor Pa o2 during CPB was weakly positively associated with the postoperative P/F ratio. With a 100-unit increase in Pa o2 , the estimated increase in postoperative P/F ratio was 4.61 (95% CI, 0.71-8.50; P = .02). Our secondary analysis showed no significant association between Pa o2 with peak lactate 6 hours post CPB (geometric mean ratio [GMR], 1.01; 98.3% CI, 0.98-1.03; P = .55), average lactate 6 hours post CPB (GMR, 1.00; 98.3% CI, 0.97-1.03; P = .93), or acute kidney injury by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria (odds ratio, 0.91; 98.3% CI, 0.75-1.10; P = .23). CONCLUSIONS Our investigation found no clinically significant association between Pa o2 during CPB and postoperative lung function. Similarly, there was no association between Pa o2 during CPB and lactate levels, postoperative renal function, or other exploratory outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kelava
- From the Departments of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
- Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Adam J. Milam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Junhui Mi
- Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences
| | | | | | - Shinya Unai
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Kenneth McCurry
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Andra Duncan
- From the Departments of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
- Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Jia Y, Xiao H, Wang X, Liu Y, Wang J, Xie H, Shang H, Sun G, Tian Y. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of n-butylphthalide and ligustrazine hybrids as potent neuroprotective agents for the treatment of ischemic stroke in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Chem 2024; 142:106961. [PMID: 37956636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel NBP-TMP hybrids with neuroprotective effects were designed and synthesized for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The anti-cerebral ischemic activity of these compounds was screened by evaluating their neuroprotective effects on the oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury model in vitro. Nine compounds 7e, 7h-7i, 7k, 7m-7p and 7r showed better activities on cell viability and LDH levels compared to NBP at the concentration of 6.25 μM. Among them, compound 7m showed the best potency with a percentage of protection 90.2 % compared to NBP (69.2 %) and other compounds. Preliminary structure-activity analysis revealed that the introduction of iodine and N-methylpiperazine groups could significantly improve the neuroprotective effect. Further mechanism research showed that compound 7m could reduce the damage to neuronal mitochondria caused by OGD/R by reducing ROS and increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reduce the apoptosis and necrosis of neurons to play a neuroprotective role. In addition, 7m could regulate the levels of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase 3. Finally, in vivo experiments showed that the compound 7m significantly inhibited ischemia-reperfusion injury and cerebral blood flow in rats, and showed a more significant neuroprotective effect than the positive drug NBP at a dose concentration of 20 mg/kg. In conclusion, our results suggest that 7m may be used as a novel lead compound for the future development of anti-cerebral ischemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Haochen Xie
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wang Z, Tan W, Li B, Zou J, Li Y, Xiao Y, He Y, Yoshida S, Zhou Y. Exosomal non-coding RNAs in angiogenesis: Functions, mechanisms and potential clinical applications. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18626. [PMID: 37560684 PMCID: PMC10407155 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that can be produced by most cells. Exosomes act as important intermediaries in intercellular communication, and participate in a variety of biological activities between cells. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) usually refer to RNAs that do not encode proteins. Although ncRNAs have no protein-coding capacity, they are able to regulate gene expression at multiple levels. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, which is an important physiological process. However, abnormal angiogenesis could induce many diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy and cancer. Many studies have shown that ncRNAs can stably exist in exosomes and play a wide range of physiological and pathological roles including regulation of angiogenesis. In brief, some specific ncRNAs can be enriched in exosomes secreted by cells and absorbed by recipient cells through the exosome pathway, thus activating relevant signaling pathways in target cells and playing a role in regulating angiogenesis. In this review, we describe the physiological and pathological functions of exosomal ncRNAs in angiogenesis, summarize their role in angiogenesis-related diseases, and illustrate potential clinical applications like novel drug therapy strategies and diagnostic markers in exosome research as inspiration for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jingling Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yangyan Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yedi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Wang S, Cai Y, Bu R, Wang Y, Lin Q, Chen Y, Wu C. PPARγ Regulates Macrophage Polarization by Inhibiting the JAK/STAT Pathway and Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vivo. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023:10.1007/s12013-023-01137-0. [PMID: 37129843 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of PPARγ and underlying mechanisms in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). IRI was surgically induced in mice and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). Quantitative genetic analysis and western blotting were performed to assess mRNA and protein levels, respectively, of PPARγ, as well as of different inflammatory, fibrosis, and apoptosis markers in cells and tissues. PPARγ was overexpressed in the heart of mice and NRCMs by viral transfection. Apoptosis and fibrosis were detected by TUNEL and Masson's trichrome staining, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect M1 and M2 macrophage-related inflammatory factors present in mouse sera. PPARγ overexpression significantly inhibited OGD/R- and IRI-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, PPARγ overexpression inhibited IRI-induced secretion of M1-related proinflammatory factors, whereas it supported the secretion of M2-related anti-inflammatory factors. Notably, these events were found to be mediated by the JAK/STAT pathway. In conclusion, PPARγ regulates macrophage polarization upon IRI via the JAK/STAT pathway, which will in turn prevent myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis. Hence, PPARγ may represent a valuable target for myocardial IRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yinlian Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Rongsheng Bu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yaoguo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Qingfan Lin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Youfang Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Chunchun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, 362000, Fujian, China.
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Empagliflozin activates JAK2/STAT3 signaling and protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury under high glucose conditions. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023; 55:116-125. [PMID: 36396837 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular disease are markedly higher in patients with diabetes than in non-diabetic patients, including patients with ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the cardiovascular protective effects of Empagliflozin (EMPA) on IRI in diabetes mellitus have rarely been studied. In this study, we established a cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model to mimic myocardial I/R injuries that occur in vivo. H9C2 cells were subjected to high glucose (HG) treatment plus H/R injury to mimic myocardial I/R injuries that occur in diabetes mellitus. Next, different concentrations of EMPA were added to the H9C2 cells and its protective effect was detected. STAT3 knockdown with recombinant plasmids was used to determine its roles. Our results showed that H/R injury-induced cell apoptosis, necroptosis, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress were further promoted by HG conditions, and HG treatment plus an H/R injury inhibited the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. EMPA was found to protect against H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury under HG conditions and activate JAK2/STAT3 signaling, while down-regulation of STAT3 reversed the protective effect of EMPA. When taken together, these findings indicate that EMPA protects against I/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling under HG conditions. Our results clarified the mechanisms that underlie the cardiovascular protective effects of EMPA in diabetes mellitus and provide new therapeutic targets for IRI in diabetes mellitus.
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Biomolecular Pathways of Cryoinjuries in Low-Temperature Storage for Mammalian Specimens. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100545. [PMID: 36290513 PMCID: PMC9598205 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature preservation could effectively extend in vitro storage of biological materials due to delayed or suspended cellular metabolism and decaying as illustrated by the Arrhenius model. It is widely used as an enabling technology for a variety of biomedical applications such as cell therapeutics, assisted reproductive technologies, organ transplantation, and mRNA medicine. Although the technology to minimize cryoinjuries of mammalian specimens during preservation has been advanced substantially over past decades, mammalian specimens still suffer cryoinjuries under low-temperature conditions. Particularly, the molecular mechanisms underlying cryoinjuries are still evasive, hindering further improvement and development of preservation technologies. In this paper, we systematically recapitulate the molecular cascades of cellular injuries induced by cryopreservation, including apoptosis, necroptosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Therefore, this study not only summarizes the impact of low-temperature preservations on preserved cells and organs on the molecular level, but also provides a molecular basis to reduce cryoinjuries for future exploration of biopreservation methods, materials, and devices.
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Cai J, Chen X, Liu X, Li Z, Shi A, Tang X, Xia P, Zhang J, Yu P. AMPK: The key to ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:4079-4096. [PMID: 36134582 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) refers to a syndrome in which tissue damage is further aggravated and organ function further deteriorates when blood flow is restored after a period of tissue ischemia. Acute myocardial infarction, stress ulcer, pancreatitis, intestinal ischemia, intermittent claudication, acute tubular necrosis, postshock liver failure, and multisystem organ failure are all related to reperfusion injury. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been identified in multiple catabolic and anabolic signaling pathways. The functions of AMPK during health and diseases are intriguing but still need further research. Except for its conventional roles as an intracellular energy switch, emerging evidence reveals the critical role of AMPK in IRI as an energy-sensing signal molecule by regulating metabolism, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, and other progressions. At the same time, drugs based on AMPK for the treatment of IRI are constantly being researched and applied in clinics. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the effects of AMPK in IRI and describe the AMPK-targeting drugs in treatment, hoping to increase the understanding of AMPK in IRI and provide new insights into future clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ao Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
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Greenwood JC, Talebi FM, Jang DH, Spelde AE, Tonna JE, Gutsche JT, Horak J, Acker MA, Kilbaugh TJ, Shofer FS, Augoustides JGT, Bakker J, Brenner JS, Muzykantov VR, Abella BS. Topical nitroglycerin to detect reversible microcirculatory dysfunction in patients with circulatory shock after cardiovascular surgery: an observational study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15257. [PMID: 36088474 PMCID: PMC9464203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19741-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPersistent abnormalities in microcirculatory function are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with circulatory shock. We sought to identify patients with acutely reversible microcirculatory dysfunction using a low-dose topical nitroglycerin solution and handheld videomicroscopy during circulatory shock after cardiac surgery. Forty subjects were enrolled for the study, including 20 preoperative control and 20 post-operative patients with shock. To test whether microcirculatory dysfunction is acutely reversible during shock, the sublingual microcirculation was imaged with incident dark field microscopy before and after the application of 0.1 mL of a 1% nitroglycerin solution (1 mg/mL). Compared to the control group, patients with shock had a higher microcirculation heterogeneity index (MHI 0.33 vs. 0.12, p < 0.001) and a lower microvascular flow index (MFI 2.57 vs. 2.91, p < 0.001), total vessel density (TVD 22.47 vs. 25.90 mm/mm2, p = 0.005), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV 90.76 vs. 95.89%, p < 0.001) and perfused vessel density (PVD 20.44 vs. 24.81 mm/mm2, p < 0.001). After the nitroglycerin challenge, patients with shock had an increase in MFI (2.57 vs. 2.97, p < 0.001), TVD (22.47 vs. 27.51 mm/mm2, p < 0.009), PPV (90.76 vs. 95.91%, p < 0.001), PVD (20.44 vs. 26.41 mm/mm2, p < 0.001), venular RBC velocity (402.2 vs. 693.9 µm/s, p < 0.0004), and a decrease in MHI (0.33 vs. 0.04, p < 0.001. Thirteen of 20 patients showed a pharmacodynamic response, defined as an increase in PVD > 1.8 SD from shock baseline. Hemodynamics and vasoactive doses did not change during the 30-min study period. Our findings suggest a topical nitroglycerin challenge with handheld videomicroscopy can safely assess for localized recruitment of the microcirculatory blood flow in patients with circulatory shock and may be a useful test to identify nitroglycerin responsiveness.
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Elifranji M, Abbas T, Leslie B, Vallasciani S, El Kadhi A, Pippi-Salle JL. Orchio-Septopexy: A new technique to cover and fix detorsed testis undergoing fasciotomy of tunica albuginea. Int Braz J Urol 2022; 48:706-711. [PMID: 35373956 PMCID: PMC9306361 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2022.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Compartment Syndrome (CS) has been recognized as a potential factor that worsens testicular viability after detorsion, especially in borderline cases of prolonged ischemia. Fasciotomy of the testicular tunica albuginea to relieve the pressure associated with CS has been proposed to accommodate edema after detorsion, embracing the raw fasciotomy area with tunica vaginalis flap (TVF) or graft. Fashioning the TVF can be tedious in cases of severe scrotal edema. Herein we present a technique that facilitates and expedites the procedure, maintaining the fasciotomy area decompressed. Materials and Methods In testicular torsion, where the testis remains with dark coloration and questionable viability after detorsion a longitudinal releasing incision is made in the tunica albuginea (fasciotomy) to decrease compartmental pressure. If signs of parenchymal recovery (bleeding points, better color) are seen an orchio-septopexy is performed, suturing the incised albuginea’s edges to the septum with a running suture, avoiding CS as well as re-torsion. Results Orchio-septopexy was performed in 11 cases with a mean age of 11.9 years (3-17). All cases had clinic follow-up and testicular Doppler US with a mean of 9.5 months (6-24). 6/11 cases (54%) were salvaged, with good vascularity in the Doppler US and maintained more than 50% testicular volume compared to the contralateral side. Conclusion Orchio-septopexy after testicular fasciotomy is a simple and fast technique that can be utilized in cases of prolonged testicular ischemia and questionable viability. More than half of the testes recovered, encouraging us to propose its utilization as well as its validation by other surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elifranji
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Urology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tariq Abbas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Urology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bruno Leslie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Urology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Santiago Vallasciani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Urology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abderrahman El Kadhi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Urology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Alemdar A, Yilmaz I, Ozcicek F, Bulut S, Onur Eden A, Gursul C, Sefa Mendi A, Kuzucu M, Altuner D, Suleyman H. Effects of Mirtazapine on Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1093.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Therapeutic Targets for Regulating Oxidative Damage Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Study from a Pharmacological Perspective. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8624318. [PMID: 35450409 PMCID: PMC9017553 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8624318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is damage caused by restoring blood flow into ischemic tissues or organs. This complex and characteristic lesion accelerates cell death induced by signaling pathways such as apoptosis, necrosis, and even ferroptosis. In addition to the direct association between I-R and the release of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, it is involved in developing mitochondrial oxidative damage. Thus, its mechanism plays a critical role via reactive species scavenging, calcium overload modulation, electron transport chain blocking, mitochondrial permeability transition pore activation, or noncoding RNA transcription. Other receptors and molecules reduce tissue and organ damage caused by this pathology and other related diseases. These molecular targets have been gradually discovered and have essential roles in I-R resolution. Therefore, the current study is aimed at highlighting the importance of these discoveries. In this review, we inquire about the oxidative damage receptors that are relevant to reducing the damage induced by oxidative stress associated with I-R. Several complications on surgical techniques and pathology interventions do not mitigate the damage caused by I-R. Nevertheless, these therapies developed using alternative targets could work as coadjuvants in tissue transplants or I-R-related pathologies
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14
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Zhang S, Cao Y, Xu B, Zhang H, Zhang S, Sun J, Tang Y, Wang Y. An antioxidant nanodrug protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7563-7569. [PMID: 35389415 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02689e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation is currently recognized as the only effective therapeutic option for end-stage liver disease. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a major cause of graft damage or dysfunction, and is mediated by the abundant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a complex cascade of inflammation during the reperfusion period. However, no universal antioxidant has been applied in clinical practice due to its low bioavailability and non-specific targeting. Herein, cerium oxide and manganese oxide nanocomposites (CM NCs), with the advantages of high biocompatibility, passive liver-targeting and short-term metabolic excretion, were synthesized as a nanodrug for hepatic IRI therapy. The CM NCs exhibited excellent superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) mimetic activity to scavenge ROS and generate oxygen (O2). Therefore, CM NCs could alleviate oxidative stress, subsequently suppress the activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) and neutrophils, and reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors due to the synergistic effect of ROS scavenging and O2 production. By exploring the underlying mechanisms of the CM NCs in the treatment of hepatic IRI, we suggest that the CM NCs with ROS scavenging and inflammation regulation capacity show clinical potential for hepatic IRI management and provide new perspectives in the treatment of other oxidative-stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Yue Cao
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Xu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Songtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Gastroenterol, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
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15
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Goyal A, Agrawal N, Jain A, Gupta JK, Garabadu D. Role of caveolin-eNOS platform and mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel in abrogated cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning in postmenopausal women. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ankit Jain
- Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, India
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16
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Chen X, Xie Q, Zhu Y, Xu J, Lin G, Liu S, Su Z, Lai X, Li Q, Xie J, Yang X. Cardio-protective effect of tetrahydrocurcumin, the primary hydrogenated metabolite of curcumin in vivo and in vitro: Induction of apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174495. [PMID: 34555398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) is an essential metabolite of curcumin, a major active component of the Curcuma species, which have been used traditionally for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways serve a vital role during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective potential and mechanism of THC. In the in vivo study, an animal model of MI/R was induced by coronary occlusion. Results indicated that THC (50 mg/kg/day) protected the rat hearts from MI/R-induced heart failure by increasing ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) and decreasing left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV). THC also reduced myocardial infarct size and apoptosis. Furthermore, H9c2 cells were incubated with THC (20 μM) to explore its potential effect following exposure to hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R). THC post-treatment significantly augmented cell viability and prevented lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after H/R exposure. THC effectively improved antioxidant activity by increasing SOD and CAT activities and decreasing MDA level. THC also enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited apoptotic cell death, diminished the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 level relative to the H/R model. In addition, THC effectively decreased Beclin1 expression and LC3 II/LC3 I ratio, but increased p62 expression, compared with the H/R model group, and decreased the formation of H/R-induced autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Furthermore, THC promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and induced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) after H/R. However, these effects on H9c2 cells were notably abolished by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. In conclusion, THC effectively inhibited H/R-induced autophagy and apoptosis via, at least partially, activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. THC might have the potential to be further developed into a potential candidate for the treatment of MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qingfeng Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- The Second School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Guoshu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shujun Liu
- The Second School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, PR China.
| | - Qian Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China.
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17
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Ablimit A, Abdureyim Z, Yang P, Azmat R, Shan W, Yao Q. Testicular AQP1 expression in a rat model of testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion injury. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:169.e1-169.e6. [PMID: 33358303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is the archetype of all aquaporins and involved in rapid cellular water fluxes and cell volume regulation. AN OBJECTIVE This study was conducted for the investigation of AQP1 expression in normal testicular tissues and those with I/R injury in a rat model. STUDY DESIGN A TT rat model was established using male Wister rats (4 weeks old, 180-220 g), and AQP1 distribution in the testicular tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The wet/dry (W/D) weight ratios of the testes were determined at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, or 5 days after the establishment of the TT model. At each time point, pathological sections were prepared and the mRNA and protein expression levels of AQP1 were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Immunohistochemical staining indicated that AQP1 distributes in testicular vascular endothelial cells and interstitial connective tissues. The testicular edema was observed 12 and 24 h after TT, as indicated by the increase in wet/dry weight ratio and pathological changes, such as enlarged testicular interstitium, atrophy of spermatogenic tubules, and epineurium tubule exfoliation. Increase in the expression levels of Aqp1 mRNA and AQP1 protein levels peaked at 24 h. Edema was alleviated at 36 and 48 h, as manifested by the gradual thinning of the spermatogenic tubules epithelium with narrowed interstitium and weakened inflammatory cell infiltration. Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein levels of AQP1 dramatically decreased. At 5 days after TT, edema was nearly absent, and the mRNA and protein levels of AQP1 were restored to basal levels. DISCUSSION Testicular torsion increases AQP1 expression and W/D ratios in testis tissues. The upregulation of AQP1 expression and decline in AQP1 level are consistent to the development and alleviation of edema in testis tissues that underwent testicular torsion. CONCLUSION Changes in AQP1 expression were consistent with edema severity in the testes, indicating a close relationship between the expression of AQP1 and the extent of edema in testicular I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abduxukur Ablimit
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Zumrat Abdureyim
- Center of Morphology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Rozjan Azmat
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Weibi Shan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Qiaoling Yao
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
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18
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Del Rio M, Lopez-Cabrera P, Malagón-López P, Del Caño-Aldonza MC, Castello JR, Provencio M. Effect of intravenous lidocaine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in DIEP microsurgical breast reconstruction. A prospective double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020; 74:809-818. [PMID: 33199226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury in free flaps is associated with tissue damage and is one of the main factors causing flap failure in reconstructive microsurgery. The aim of this study is to assess whether any ischemia-reperfusion injury takes place during a microsurgical flap reconstruction as seen through the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and to analyze the effect of lidocaine in this process. METHODS Twenty-four patients operated for immediate breast reconstruction using the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator free flap technique were divided into two groups: one group was treated with a lidocaine intravenous perfusion and the other group with a saline perfusion. MDA and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured at several points before, during, and after surgery. RESULTS There was an increase in MDA levels in both groups, but the lidocaine group experienced a decrease during reperfusion. On the other hand, we observed a rise in SOD levels in both groups, but a decrease during reperfusion in the placebo group. However, these differences between groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The decreased SOD activity and increased MDA content in our research prove a redox imbalance and high reactive oxygen species levels in flaps, indicating that tissues experience ischemia-reperfusion injury during microsurgical reconstruction. Lidocaine may have a protective effect in free flap surgery, but our results were not statistically significant, so further studies will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Del Rio
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera de Canyet s/n, Barcelona 08916, Spain.
| | - P Lopez-Cabrera
- Paloma Lopez-Cabrera, MD, Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Malagón-López
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera de Canyet s/n, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - M C Del Caño-Aldonza
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - J R Castello
- Paloma Lopez-Cabrera, MD, Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Provencio
- Department of Oncology, Autonomous University of Madrid, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Güvenç M, Cellat M, Uyar A, Özkan H, Gokcek İ, İsler CT, Yakan A. Nobiletin Protects from Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Suppressing Inflammatory Cytokines and Regulating iNOS-eNOS Expressions. Inflammation 2020; 43:336-346. [PMID: 31705353 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is an organ failure caused by hypoxia and reperfusion, which is closely associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether nobiletin had protective effects on inflammatory parameters, oxidative damage, iNOS-eNOS expressions, and histopathological structure of renal tissue in rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. For this purpose, 24 rats were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (Control), group 2 (Ischemia-Reperfusion-IR), group 3 (Nobiletin-10 mg/kg p.o.), group 4 (Nobiletin + IR). The study was continued for 7 days. At the end of the study, urea (p < 0.05), creatine (p < 0.05), MDA (p < 0.001), TNF-alpha (p < 0.001), IL-1 beta (p < 0.05), and IL-6 (p < 0.001) levels increased in the IR group; however, a significant decrease occurred in group 4 (Nobiletin + IR) and it reached the control group levels. In the IR group, GSH (p < 0.01) levels, and GSH.Px (p < 0.01) and CAT (p < 0.05) activities decreased whereas they increased significantly in group 4 (Nobiletin + IR) and reached the same levels as the control group. In histopathological analyses, destruction and increased iNOS-eNOS expressions in the IR group showed a significant decrease in group 4 (Nobiletin + IR). As a result, the application of nobiletin has shown that it has protective effects by reducing kidney damage caused by IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Güvenç
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Antakya, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Cellat
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Özkan
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Antakya, Turkey
| | - İshak Gokcek
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Cafer Tayer İsler
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department Surgery, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Akın Yakan
- Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Antakya, Turkey
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Cong R, Yang J, Zhou J, Shi J, Zhu Y, Zhu J, Xiao J, Wang P, He Y, He B. The Potential Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Receptor Type C (CD45) in the Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Comput Biol 2019; 27:1303-1312. [PMID: 31855448 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2019.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to identify several key genes and their functions in preventing or ameliorating intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, which could provide rationale for further exploring the regulatory mechanisms or clinical treatment for intestinal IR injury. The microarray GSE37013 of human intestinal IR injury was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with changes of reperfusion time were screened using Short Time-series Expression Miner, followed by function enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and module construction. Subsequently, the key DEGs were identified with VEEN analysis based on the significant results of function enrichment analysis and PPI module. Finally, the gene-drug interactions were predicted using DGIdb 2.0. The DEGs of intestinal IR injury were significantly divided into three clusters with changes of reperfusion time. The genes in the three clusters were mainly enriched in transmembrane transport, defense responses, and cellular component assembly related pathways, respectively. There were 121 nodes and 281 interactions in PPI network, including one significant submodule. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type C (PTPRC) was a hub code both in PPI network and in submodule. A total of eight key DEGs were identified but only PTPRC was predicted to be interacted with eight drugs, such as infliximab. Totally, eight key genes associated with intestinal IR were identified; PTPRC especially was the most prominent potential drug target. These findings provided several potential therapeutic targets or potential breakthrough area in the study of intestinal IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Cong
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jushun Yang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhua Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yihua Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Ultrasound, Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bosheng He
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and L-Arginine Optimizes Nitric Oxide Bioavailability in Ischemic Tissues Under Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. Ann Plast Surg 2019; 84:106-112. [PMID: 31800556 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms influencing the balance of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in tissues are negatively affected under diabetic and also under ischemic conditions. Free tissue transplantation for diabetic patients has to deal with both ischemic and diabetic circumstances, which lead to a significantly decrease in providing NO, thus increasing ischemia-reperfusion injury. In previous studies, we could prove that enhancing NO bioavailability leads to attenuated ischemia-reperfusion injury macrocirculatory and microcirculatory alterations in healthy and also in diabetes type 2 rats. This study is evaluating the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in different dosages and L-arginine under diabetes type 1 conditions. METHODS Diabetic type 1 conditions were established via streptozotocin over a period of 4 weeks and verified via blood sugar, insulin, and C-peptide levels. Vascular pedicle isolated rat skin flap model that underwent 3 hours of ischemia was used. At 30 minutes before ischemia, normal saline, inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (1/2 IE), and L-arginine (50 mg/kg body weight) were administered systemically. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced alterations were measured 5 days after the operation. RESULTS The inducible NOS (iNOS) attenuated I/R-induced alterations under diabetic type 1 conditions significantly with vitality rates of 16.1% compared with control group (5.5%). Best results could be achieved with the combination of iNOS (1 IE) and L-arginine displaying vitality rates of 43%. Increased dosage of inducible nitric oxide (2 IE) led to decreased vitality rates (22.2%/27.4% without/with L-arginine). CONCLUSIONS Supporting the mechanisms of NO bioavailability via exogenous application of iNOS and L-arginine significantly attenuated I/R-induced alterations in a skin flap rat model. This pharmacologic preconditioning could be an easy and effective interventional strategy to uphold conversation of L-arginine to NO even on ischemic and type 1 diabetic conditions.
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Wang J, Wang L, Lou GH, Zeng HR, Hu J, Huang QW, Peng W, Yang XB. Coptidis Rhizoma: a comprehensive review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:193-225. [PMID: 30963783 PMCID: PMC6461078 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1577466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Coptidis rhizome (CR), also known as Huanglian in Chinese, is the rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., C. deltoidea C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao, or C. teeta Wall (Ranunculaceae). It has been widely used to treat bacillary dysentery, diabetes, pertussis, sore throat, aphtha, and eczema in China. OBJECTIVES The present paper reviews the latest advances of CR, focusing on the botany, phytochemistry, traditional usages, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology and toxicology of CR and its future perspectives. METHODS Studies from 1985 to 2018 were reviewed from books; PhD. and MSc. dissertations; the state and local drug standards; PubMed; CNKI; Scopus; the Web of Science; and Google Scholar using the keywords Coptis, Coptidis Rhizoma, Huanglian, and goldthread. RESULTS Currently, 128 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from CR. Alkaloids are the characteristic components, together with organic acids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids and quinones. The extracts/compounds isolated from CR cover a wide pharmacological spectrum, including antibacterial, antivirus, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticancer and cardioprotective effects. Berberine is the most important active constituent and the primary toxic component of CR. CONCLUSIONS As an important herbal medicine in Chinese medicine, CR has the potential to treat various diseases. However, further research should be undertaken to investigate the clinical effects, toxic constituents, target organs and pharmacokinetics, and to establish criteria for quality control, for CR and its related medications. In addition, the active constituents, other than alkaloids, in both raw and processed products of CR should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan-Hua Lou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-Bo Yang
- Ya'an Xun Kang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ya'an, China
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Ding S, Liu D, Wang L, Wang G, Zhu Y. Inhibiting MicroRNA-29a Protects Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Targeting SIRT1 and Suppressing Oxidative Stress and NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis Pathway. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 372:128-135. [PMID: 31481517 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.256982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its specific mechanisms, we used H9C2 myocardial cells to establish a myocardial ischemia model by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), and microRNA-29a inhibitor was interfered. Annexin V/propidium iodide and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of cell death. C57 mice were used to establish were used to establish the I/R injury model, and H&E staining was used to detect pathologic damage to heart tissues. The expressions of miR-29a silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), as well as pyroptosis-related proteins were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The serum levels of 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), lactate dehydrogenase-1 (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB activity (CK-MB), IMA, and inflammatory factors in I/R rats were significantly up-regulated. In the I/R group, the expression of miR-29a was significantly up-regulated while SIRT1 was remarkably down-regulated. Dual luciferase reporter assay showed SIRT1 was a direct target of miR-29a. Inhibition of miR-29a significantly up-regulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α/nuclear respiratory factor-2 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase while remarkably down-regulating levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and malondialdehyde in I/R. The oxidative stress that was induced by I/R injury was also suppressed by inhibition of miR-29a. All these effects of miR-29a inhibition were reversed by small interfering SIRT1. The in vitro H/R results showed that NLRP3-caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis was activated in H/R but was significantly inhibited by the inhibition of miR-29a. Inhibition of miR-29a improved myocardial I/R injury by targeting SIRT1 through suppressing oxidative stress and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In this study, we showed for the first time that miR-29a could improve myocardial I/R injury through inhibition of pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoukun Ding
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (S.D., L.W., G.W.); Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (D.L.); and Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing (Y.Z.), People's Republic of China
| | - Donghai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (S.D., L.W., G.W.); Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (D.L.); and Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing (Y.Z.), People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (S.D., L.W., G.W.); Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (D.L.); and Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing (Y.Z.), People's Republic of China
| | - Guanggong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (S.D., L.W., G.W.); Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (D.L.); and Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing (Y.Z.), People's Republic of China
| | - Yaobin Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (S.D., L.W., G.W.); Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan (D.L.); and Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing (Y.Z.), People's Republic of China
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Navati MS, Lucas A, Liong C, Barros M, Jayadeva JT, Friedman JM, Cabrales P. Reducing Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by the Targeted Delivery of Nitric Oxide from Magnetic-Field-Induced Localization of S-Nitrosothiol-Coated Paramagnetic Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2907-2919. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahantesh S. Navati
- Department of Albert Einstein College of Medicine Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Alfredo Lucas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Celine Liong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Marcelo Barros
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jyothishree Tholalu Jayadeva
- Department of Albert Einstein College of Medicine Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Joel M. Friedman
- Department of Albert Einstein College of Medicine Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Lee JG, Kim BD, Han CH, Lee KK, Yum KS. Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of a daily dose of 5 mg of tadalafil, over an 8-week period, for improving quality of life among Korean men with andropause symptoms, including erectile dysfunction: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13827. [PMID: 30572547 PMCID: PMC6320193 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a once-a-day 5 mg dose of tadalafil, prescribed for 8 weeks, on the quality of life (QoL) of South Korean men with andropause symptoms, including erectile dysfunction (ED), using a single group, open-labeled, before-and-after preliminary trial. The secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tadalafil for ED. METHODS Forty South Korean men (>35 years of age) with andropause symptoms including ED were enrolled into our trial. Andropause syndrome was defined using the androgen deficiency in aging males (ADAM) questionnaire and other screening tests, including testosterone levels. The following outcome measures were obtained at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks of tadalafil treatment: physical examination, adverse effects, Short Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) score, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and free radical testing. RESULTS Treatment increased the SF-12 Mental component score, used as a proxy measure of quality of life, from baseline to at 4 and 8 weeks (P < .05). In addition, the mean IIEF-5 score, which assesses sexual function, increased from baseline at 4 and 8 weeks (P < .05), with this increase being significant at both time points. No adverse effects were noted. CONCLUSION Tadalafil (5 mg dose, once daily) is a safe and effective treatment to improve ED, and overall QoL, among Korean men with andropause symptoms, including ED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chang Hee Han
- Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu ST. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Color-coded Digital Subtraction Angiography for Assessing Acute Skeletal Muscle Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rabbit Model. Acad Radiol 2018; 25:1609-1616. [PMID: 29699865 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES This paper describes an ongoing investigation of imaging and characterization of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and investigated the use of color-coded digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to assess reperfusion injury or potential injury. METHODS New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to right hindlimb ischemia (IR, n = 24) or sham operation (control, n = 6). After 3 hours, the IR rabbits underwent reperfusion and were assessed at 0, 6, 12, or 24 hours (n = 6 each). DSA of the bilateral vastus lateralis muscle of each animal was performed. The maximum contrast enhancement value of a consistent region of interest in the right and left hind limbs (peak enhancement-R/L) was determined. Associations between the relative ratio of the peak right limb to the peak left limb (peak-R/L) and the following blood indicators of IR injury were analyzed: lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). RESULTS Serum LDH, CK, and MDA values in each IR group were significantly higher than those of the control group and were positively associated with the IR interval, whereas SOD was significantly lower and negatively associated. The mean peak-R/L decreased linearly with the IR interval from 1.07 ± 0.01 in the control group, and 0.93 ± 0.06, 0.79 ± 0.05, 0.65 ± 0.04, and 0.47 ± 0.04 at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours in the IR groups. The coefficients of correlation between the peak-R/L and LDH, CK, MDA, SOD serum levels were -0.885, -0.908, -0.541, and 0.832, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Color-coded DSA may be used for monitoring the dynamics of skeletal muscle IR injury.
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Abstract
Aspartame is a synthetic dipeptide artificial sweetener, frequently used in foods, medications, and beverages, notably carbonated and powdered soft drinks. Since 1981, when aspartame was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, researchers have debated both its recommended safe dosage (40 mg/kg/d) and its general safety to organ systems. This review examines papers published between 2000 and 2016 on both the safe dosage and higher-than-recommended dosages and presents a concise synthesis of current trends. Data on the safe aspartame dosage are controversial, and the literature suggests there are potential side effects associated with aspartame consumption. Since aspartame consumption is on the rise, the safety of this sweetener should be revisited. Most of the literature available on the safety of aspartame is included in this review. Safety studies are based primarily on animal models, as data from human studies are limited. The existing animal studies and the limited human studies suggest that aspartame and its metabolites, whether consumed in quantities significantly higher than the recommended safe dosage or within recommended safe levels, may disrupt the oxidant/antioxidant balance, induce oxidative stress, and damage cell membrane integrity, potentially affecting a variety of cells and tissues and causing a deregulation of cellular function, ultimately leading to systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbind Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Kayiran O, Cuzdan SS, Uysal A, Kocer U. Ethyl pyruvate improves skin flap survival after ischaemia reperfusion injury. Indian J Med Res 2018; 146:369-374. [PMID: 29355144 PMCID: PMC5793472 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1428_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Reperfusion after ischaemia is detrimental to the tissues. The oxidative stress created and cytokines released are mostly responsible in this process. In this study, ethyl pyruvate, a known agent for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, was used to investigate the effects on ischaemia/reperfusion injury on skin island flaps in rats. METHODS Sixty rats were randomly distributed in three groups (non-ischaemic, ischaemic and medication groups). Ethyl pyruvate was administered in the medication group with a dose of 50 mg/kg. After 24 h and one week, the animals were sacrificed, and the flaps were analyzed macroscopically, histopathologically, biochemically (total nitrite, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase). RESULTS Biochemical markers indicating oxidative stress, were found elevated in ischaemic group, whereas medication with ethyl pyruvate significantly reduced these values. There was a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the levels of these markers between ischaemic and medication groups. Ethyl pyruvate improved all the parameters significantly. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Ethyl pyruvate showed strong scavenger activity against reactive oxygen species. It could be a potential candidate to improve the flap viability in reconstructive microsurgery, especially in free tissue transfers. However, more studies are warranted in experimental models to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Kayiran
- Department Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Izmir University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Afsin Uysal
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, TOBB ETU Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Kocer
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Ankara Training & Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Ambrosi N, Guerrieri D, Caro F, Sanchez F, Haeublein G, Casadei D, Incardona C, Chuluyan E. Alpha Lipoic Acid: A Therapeutic Strategy that Tend to Limit the Action of Free Radicals in Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010102. [PMID: 29300330 PMCID: PMC5796052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ replacement is an option to mitigate irreversible organ damage. This procedure has achieved a considerable degree of acceptance. However, several factors significantly limit its effectiveness. Among them, the initial inflammatory graft reaction due to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has a fundamental influence on the short and long term organ function. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during the IRI actively participates in these adverse events. Therapeutic strategies that tend to limit the action of free radicals could result in beneficial effects in transplantation outcome. Accordingly, the anti-oxidant α-lipoic acid (ALA) have been proved to be protective in several animal experimental models and humans. In a clinical trial, ALA was found to decrease hepatic IRI after hepatic occlusion and resection. Furthermore, the treatment of cadaveric donor and recipient with ALA had a protective effect in the short-term outcome in simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplanted patients. These studies support ALA as a drug to mitigate the damage caused by IRI and reinforce the knowledge about the deleterious consequences of ROS on graft injury in transplantation. The goal of this review is to overview the current knowledge about ROS in transplantation and the use of ALA to mitigate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nella Ambrosi
- CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
| | - Diego Guerrieri
- CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
| | - Fiorella Caro
- CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
| | - Francisco Sanchez
- CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
| | - Geraldine Haeublein
- CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
| | - Domingo Casadei
- Instituto de Nefrología de Buenos Aires, Nephrology, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
| | - Claudio Incardona
- GADOR SA, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
- Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
| | - Eduardo Chuluyan
- CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
- Instituto de Nefrología de Buenos Aires, Nephrology, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina.
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Zhang Y, Rong S, Feng Y, Zhao L, Hong J, Wang R, Yuan W. Simvastatin attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury from oxidative stress via targeting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4460-4466. [PMID: 29067120 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the kidneys is commonly encountered in the clinic. The present study assessed the efficacy of simvastatin in preventing I/R-induced renal injury in a rat model and investigated the corresponding molecular mechanisms. Rats were divided into 3 groups, including a sham, I/R and I/R + simvastatin group. The results revealed that in the I/R group, the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly higher than those in the sham group, which was significantly inhibited by simvastatin pre-treatment. I/R significantly decreased superoxide dismutase activity compared with that in the sham group, which was largely rescued by simvastatin. Furthermore, I/R significantly increased the malondialdehyde content compared with that in the sham group, which was reduced by simvastatin. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed no obvious morphological abnormalities in the sham group, while I/R led to notable tubular cell swelling, vacuolization, cast formation and tubular necrosis, which was rescued by simvastatin. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling assay demonstrated that I/R significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells compared with that in the sham group, which was significantly inhibited by simvastatin. Western blot analysis demonstrated that simvastatin upregulated I/R-induced increases of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and anti-oxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR indicated that changes in the mRNA levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were consistent with the western blot results. It was concluded that simvastatin treatment led to upregulation of HO-1 protein levels through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway to ultimately protect the kidneys from I/R-associated oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Intensive Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Shu Rong
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Emergency Intensive Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Zhao
- Department of Emergency Intensive Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Hong
- Department of Emergency Intensive Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Ruilan Wang
- Department of Emergency Intensive Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
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Magyar Z, Molnar A, Nachmias DB, Mann D, Sogor V, Mester A, Peto K, Nemeth N. Impact of groin flap ischemia-reperfusion on red blood cell micro-rheological parameters in a follow-up study on rats. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 79:245-255. [PMID: 28550242 DOI: 10.3233/ch-170277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flap hypoperfusion or ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) may occur during preparation-transposition procedures and by postoperative thrombotic complications. Behind the microcirculatory disturbances micro-rheological alterations are also supposed. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the groin flap I/R with following-up micro-rheological parameters. METHODS Anesthetized rats were subjected to Control or I/R groups. Groin flaps were prepared bilaterally, pedicled on the superficial epigastric vessels. In Control group the flaps were re-sutured after one hour, while in I/R group microvascular clips were applied on the pedicles for 60 minutes, then the flaps were repositioned. Besides daily wound control, before the operation and on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 14th postoperative days blood samples were collected for testing red blood cell (RBC) deformability (rotational ektacytometry) and aggregation (light-transmission aggregometry). RESULTS RBC deformability significantly worsened by the 3rd-7th postoperative day in I/R group. RBC aggregation enhanced significantly by the 1st day, in I/R group it remained elevated on the 3rd day as well. In a complicated case with unilateral flap necrosis, RBC deformability and aggregation worsening was outlined from its group (base, 1st, 3rd day). CONCLUSION Wound healing affected micro-rheological parameters in the early postoperative period. Flap I/R exacerbated the alterations. The parameters markedly worsened in case of flap necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Magyar
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Abel Molnar
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - David Belkin Nachmias
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Din Mann
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Sogor
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Mester
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Peto
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Norbert Nemeth
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Abstract
Objectives: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) contributes to the development acute renal failure. Oxygen free radicals are involved in the pathophysiology of IR injury (IRI). This study was designed to investigate the effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), which is known antioxidant agent, in IR-induced renal injury in rats. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were unilaterally nephrectomized and subjected to 45 min of renal pedicle occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion. 5-ASA (300 mg/kg, i.p) was administered prior to ischemia. After 24 h reperfusion, urine and blood samples were collected for the determination of creatinine (Cr) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and renal samples were taken for the histological evaluation. Results: Treatment with 5-ASA significantly decreased serum Cr and NO levels, also significantly increased urinary Cr level and decreased histopathological changes induced by IR. Conclusion: Treatment with 5-ASA had a beneficial effect on renal IRI. These results may indicate that 5-ASA exerts nephroprotective effects in renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokofeh Banaei
- Department of Physiology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Zhao R, Liang H, Clarke E, Jackson C, Xue M. Inflammation in Chronic Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122085. [PMID: 27973441 PMCID: PMC5187885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 517] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-healing chronic wounds present a major biological, psychological, social, and financial burden on both individual patients and the broader health system. Pathologically extensive inflammation plays a major role in the disruption of the normal healing cascade. The causes of chronic wounds (venous, arterial, pressure, and diabetic ulcers) can be examined through a juxtaposition of normal healing and the rogue inflammatory response created by the common components within chronic wounds (ageing, hypoxia, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, and bacterial colonisation). Wound bed care through debridement, dressings, and antibiotics currently form the basic mode of treatment. Despite recent setbacks, pharmaceutical adjuncts form an interesting area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Zhao
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
| | - Helena Liang
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth Clarke
- Murray Maxwell Biomechanics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
| | - Christopher Jackson
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
| | - Meilang Xue
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
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Zor F, Meric C, Siemionow M. Effects of hPTPβ inhibitor on microcirculation of rat cremaster muscle flap following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Microsurgery 2016; 37:624-631. [PMID: 27859622 DOI: 10.1002/micr.30131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) enhances endothelial receptor tyrosine kinases activation and may have beneficial effects on vessel growth and improve blood flow to ischemic tissue. The purpose of this study is to determine influence of hPTPß inhibitors on ischemia-reperfusion injury in muscle flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following cremaster muscle dissection, 60 rats divided into 10 experimental groups (placebo and treatment groups following 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h of ischemia). Following group-specific treatment (placebo/hPTPß inhibitor, 15 mg/kg), 2 h of reperfusion is initiated. Observations are performed at 4 h after completion of reperfusion and microcirculatory hemodynamics and leukocyte-endothelial activation were recorded. RESULTS Administration of hPTPß inhibitor showed preservation of capillary perfusion in group subjected to 2 h of ischemia when compared with placebo (P < .05). The effect of hPTPβ inhibitor on mean venule diameter was found to be altered by duration of ischemia and this effect was statistically significant (P < .05). Treated ischemic groups (1 h, 2 h, and 3 h) showed decreased activation of rolling, sticking, and transmigrating leukocytes compared to respective placebo groups at all time points. The differences were significant for transmigrating leukocytes after 2 h and 3 h of ischemia (P < .05). Endothelial edema index was also significantly reduced in 2 h ischemia group (P < .05). CONCLUSION Administration of hPTP inhibitors after submission of tissue to subcritical ischemia (1-2 h) improved functional capillary perfusion and decreased leukocyte-endothelial activation after 4 h after reperfusion. These results indicate that hPTP inhibitor has a potential postischemic therapeutic effect applied after tissue ischemia just before the reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Zor
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cem Meric
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.,Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Rote Kreuz Krankenhaus, Kassel, Germany
| | - Maria Siemionow
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.,Department of Orthopedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Ekinci Akdemir FN, Gülçin İ, Karagöz B, Soslu R, Alwasel SH. A comparative study on the antioxidant effects of hesperidin and ellagic acid against skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:114-118. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1220378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Atatürk University, Faculty of Sciences, Erzurum, Turkey,
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Berna Karagöz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağri, Turkey, and
| | - Recep Soslu
- Physical Education and Sports, Bartın University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Saleh H. Alwasel
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
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Banaei S, Ahmadiasl N, Alihemmati A. Comparison of the Protective Effects of Erythropoietin and Melatonin on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Trauma Mon 2016; 21:e23005. [PMID: 27921018 PMCID: PMC5124127 DOI: 10.5812/traumamon.23005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) contributes to the development of acute renal failure (ARF). Oxygen free radicals are considered to be the principal components involved in the pathophysiological tissue alterations observed during renal IR. Objectives In this study, we compared the effects of melatonin (MEL) and erythropoietin (EPO), both known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, on IR-induced renal injury in rats. Materials and Methods Wistar albino rats were unilaterally nephrectomized and then subjected to 45 minutes of renal pedicle occlusion followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. MEL (10 mg/kg, i.p) and EPO (5000 U/kg, i.p) were administered prior to the onset of ischemia. After 24 hours of reperfusion and following decapitation, blood samples were collected for the determination of the hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels. Additionally, renal samples were taken for histological evaluation. Results Ischemia-reperfusion significantly decreased the observed Hb and Hct values. The histopathological findings in the IR group confirmed that there was an increase in the hyaline cast and thickening of the Bowman capsule basement membrane. Treatment with EPO or MEL significantly increased the Hb and Hct values. In the MEL + IR group, the histopathological changes were lower than those found in the EPO + IR group. Conclusions Treatment with EPO and MEL had a beneficial effect on renal IR injury. The results may also indicate that MEL protects against morphological damage better than EPO in renal IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokofeh Banaei
- Department of Physiology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Shokofeh Banaei, Department of Physiology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IR Iran. Tel: +98-4512245526, E-mail:
| | - Nasser Ahmadiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Alireza Alihemmati
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
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Akbas H, Ozden M, Kanko M, Maral H, Bulbul S, Yavuz S, Ozker E, Berki T. Protective Antioxidant Effects of Carvedilol in a Rat Model of Ischaemia-reperfusion Injury. J Int Med Res 2016; 33:528-36. [PMID: 16222886 DOI: 10.1177/147323000503300508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of carvedilol, a potent antioxidant, in a rat model of tourniquet-induced ischaemia-reperfusion injury of the hind limb. Thirty rats were divided equally into three groups: the control group (group 1) was only anaesthetized, without creating an ischaemia-reperfusion injury; group 2 was submitted to ischaemia (4 h), followed by a 2-h reperfusion period; and group 3 was pre-treated with carvedilol (2 mg/kg per day) for 10 days prior to ischaemia-reperfusion. Ischaemia-reperfusion produced a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver, lungs, muscle and serum compared with control treatment, and pre-treatment with carvedilol prevented these changes. Ischaemia-reperfusion caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (NO) levels in liver, lungs, muscle (except NO) and serum compared with control treatment, and carvedilol prevented these changes. In conclusion, it might be inferred that carvedilol could be used safely to prevent oxidative injury during reperfusion following ischaemia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Akbas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Liu J, Wang Y, Zhuang Q, Chen M, Wang Y, Hou L, Han F. Protective effects of cyclosporine A and hypothermia on neuronal mitochondria in a rat asphyxial cardiac arrest model. Am J Emerg Med 2016; 34:1080-5. [PMID: 26993074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2016.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclosporine A (CsA) was neuroprotective in the settings of traumatic brain injury and stroke. We sought to investigate the protective effects of CsA and hypothermia on neuronal mitochondria after cardiac arrest. METHODS AND RESULTS Five groups were included: sham (S), normothermia (N), CsA (C), hypothermia (H), and CsA plus hypothermia (C+H). Cardiac arrest was induced by 10min of asphyxia. CsA (10mg/kg) was administered immediately after return of spontaneous circulation in the CsA groups. Temperature of the rats was maintained at 33±0.5°C after return of spontaneous circulation in the hypothermia groups. Hippocampal mitochondria were measured after 2h of resuscitation. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential was significantly higher in the C, the H, and the C+H groups than in the N group and was higher in the C+H group than in the C and the H groups. Cytosolic cytochrome c was significantly higher in the N group. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly lower in the N group than in the other groups and was higher in the C and the C+H groups than in the H group. Malondialdehyde concentration was significantly higher in the N group. CONCLUSIONS CsA or hypothermia used immediately after resuscitation enhanced mitochondrial transmembrane potential, kept cytochrome c from releasing out of the mitochondria, increased superoxide dismutase activity, and decreased malondialdehyde concentration in hippocampus. Moreover, the protective effects of CsA were reinforced by hypothermia. One of the mechanisms that hypothermia protected neuronal mitochondria from damage was inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 150081
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 150081
| | - Qiwei Zhuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 150081
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 150081
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 150081
| | - Lina Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 150081
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 150081.
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Fiorentini MR, Santos EBD, Longo L, Kliemann LM, Koff WJ, Corso CO. Analysis of the effects of topical renal hypothermia on lung tissue after kidney ischemia and reperfusion in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 30:445-51. [PMID: 26270135 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150070000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether topical renal hypothermia (TRH) at different levels of temperature has protective effects on lung tissue after renal I/R, through an analysis of organ histology and inflammatory markers in lung tissue. METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly allocated across four groups and subjected to renal ischemia at different levels of topical renal temperature: normothermia (no cooling, 37°C), mild hypothermia (26°C), moderate hypothermia (15°C), and deep hypothermia (4°C). To induce I/R, the vessels supplying the left kidney of each animal were clamped for 40 minutes, followed by reperfusion. After four hours, another procedure was performed to harvest the tissues of interest. TNF-α, IL-1β and myeloperoxidase activity were measured in lung tissue. Histological analysis was performed in hematoxylin and eosin-stained lung specimens. RESULTS Induction of renal I/R under deep topical hypothermia resulted in a significant decrease in lung concentrations of TNF-α compared with normothermic I/R (p<0.05). A trend toward significant correlation was found between lung IL-1β concentration and intensity of hypothermia (Spearman r=-0.37; p=0.055). No difference was found in myeloperoxidase activity or histologic injury between groups. CONCLUSION Topical renal hypothermia reduces activation of the inflammatory cascade in the lung parenchyma. However, tissue-protective effects were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Larisse Longo
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Maria Kliemann
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Walter José Koff
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Otávio Corso
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Nicolson GL, de Mattos GF, Settineri R, Costa C, Ellithorpe R, Rosenblatt S, La Valle J, Jimenez A, Ohta S. Clinical Effects of Hydrogen Administration: From Animal and Human Diseases to Exercise Medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2016.71005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Jiang G, Liu X, Wang M, Chen H, Chen Z, Qiu T. Oxymatrine ameliorates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury from oxidative stress through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:422-9. [PMID: 26108031 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150060000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate if oxymatrine pretreatment could ameliorate renal I/R injury induced in rats and explore the possible role of oxymatrine in Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. METHODS Unilaterally nephrectomized rats were insulted by I/R in their left kidney. Twenty four rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, I/R + saline-treated group, I/R + OMT-treated group. Oxymatrine or vehicle solution was administered intraperitoneally injected 60 min before renal ischemia, respectively. Renal function, histology, makers of oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and Nrf2/HO-1 expressions were assessed. RESULTS Oxymatrine pretreatment exhibited an improved renal functional recovery, alleviated histological injury and oxidative stress, inhibiting tubular apoptosis, and accompanied by upregulated the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. CONCLUSION Oxymatrine may attenuate renal ischemia/reperfusion injury, and this renoprotective effect may be through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Qiu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Mendonça LR, Joviliano EE, Ramalho FS, Ramalho LNZ, Evora PRB, Piccinato CE. Bradykinin Impairs and HOE 140 does not Protect Rat Hindlimb Skeletal Muscle Against Tourniquet-induced Reperfusion Injury. J INVEST SURG 2015; 29:13-9. [PMID: 26375056 DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2015.1041656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bradykinin (BK) is used in different tissues. Dose-dependent studies have demonstrated that low doses protect against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury while higher doses lead to adverse effects. Although the beneficial effects of BK infusion were observed in myocardium, its role on the I/R impact in skeletal muscle (SM) has not been fully clarified. OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of BK, administered in the hindlimbs of rats subjected to I/R. METHODS The study design included three experimental groups: Group 1 control (saline), Group 2 (bradykinin), and Group 3 (HOE 140, a BK2 receptor blocker). In all three groups, rats were subjected to hindlimb ischemia for a total of 2 h followed by continuous 4 h of reperfusion with pharmacological interventions. The methods include analysis of enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase-LDH and creatinine phosphokinase-CPK), cell membrane marker of injury (malondialdeyde-MDA), recruitment of neutrophils (myeloperoxidase-MPO), and apoptosis index (immunohistochemistry TUNEL in situ peroxidase dead end). RESULTS Except for the apoptotic index, all parameters studied were shown to be elevated in the reperfusion group intervened with BK. The blocking of BK2 receptors by HOE 140 did not affect the I/R injury. CONCLUSION After 2 h of total ischemia, infusion of bradykinin during 4 h of reperfusion, worsened the I/R injury in the hindlimb skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano R Mendonça
- a Divisions of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo
| | - Edwaldo E Joviliano
- a Divisions of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo
| | - Fernando S Ramalho
- b Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of São Paulo
| | - Leandra N Z Ramalho
- b Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of São Paulo
| | - Paulo R B Evora
- a Divisions of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo
| | - Carlos E Piccinato
- a Divisions of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo
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Young SB, Pires ARC, Boaventura GT, Ferreira AMR, Martinho JMSG, Galhardo MA. Effect of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning on liver regeneration in prepubertal rats. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:1867-71. [PMID: 25131056 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver regeneration has great importance for transplantation, especially in children; however, it has not been studied sufficiently in development animals. Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a problem, and strategies such as ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning are not well defined regarding regeneration. OBJECTIVE This study sought to evaluate liver regeneration with modulation by ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning in prepubertal rats subjected to total ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS Thirty-five 5-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into groups of 7 animals each: control group (SHAM), 70% hepatectomy (HEP), total ischemia 30 minutes before hepatectomy (IR), ischemic preconditioning 10/10 minutes before ischemia (PRE), and two 30/30-second ischemic postconditioning cycles after ischemia and hepatectomy (POS). All animals were subjected to 24-hour reperfusion. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity were measured to evaluate liver damage, and histological analysis, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and regenerated mass liver were used to evaluate liver regeneration. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly lower in conditioned groups than in the IR group. Regarding mitotic index, IR > control group and HEP (P < .05), PRE and POS were not significantly different from IR, and POS > HEP (P < .05). PCNA analysis showed that IR > HEP (P < .01), PRE < IR (P < .01), and no significant differences were observed between POS and IR groups. No significant differences in regenerated mass liver were observed between conditioned groups and HEP. CONCLUSIONS Ischemic postconditioning prevented ischemic injury, promoted greater liver regeneration, and should be further investigated as an alternative better than ischemic preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Young
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - A R C Pires
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - G T Boaventura
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - A M R Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - J M S G Martinho
- Department of General Surgery, and Medical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - M A Galhardo
- Department of General Surgery, Souza Marques School of Medicine, and Medical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil.
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Abstract
Advances in surgical technology have allowed for previously unconsidered therapeutic interventions. However, the complexity and invasiveness of surgical procedures are not without adverse consequences. Nitric oxide's fundamental role in a host of physiological processes, including angiogenesis, wound and bone healing, thromboresistance, smooth muscle relaxation and inflammation makes it a significant player in accelerating wound healing and mitigating the inflammation of ischemia reperfusion injury common to surgical procedures. In addition, the therapeutic properties of NO have been harnessed for the prophylactic treatment of implant infection and graft failure. In this article, we will discuss the mechanism by which NO mediates these processes, and its perioperative translational applications.
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Baharvand B, Esmailidehaj M, Alihosaini J, Bajoovand S, Esmailidehaj S, Hafizie Z. Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Oleuropein on Reperfusion-Induced Arrhythmia in Anesthetized Rat. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 20:41-8. [PMID: 26411972 PMCID: PMC4689281 DOI: 10.7508/ibj.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to reveal that whether i.v. injection of oleuropein, the most potent polyphenolic antioxidant in olive leaf, has any effect on the magnitude of reperfusion arrhythmia in anesthetized rats or not. Methods: Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups of 10 each: groups 1 and 5 were assigned as the prophylactic and treatment control groups, groups 2 and 6 as the prophylactic and treatment groups with lidocaine (10 mg/kg), groups 3 and 4 as the prophylactic groups with 10 and 50 mg/kg oleuropein (i.v.), and groups 7 and 8 as the treatment groups with 10 and 50 mg/kg oleuropein (i.v.), respectively. Reperfusion injury was induced by 5-min regional ischemia and 15-min reperfusion of left anterior descending coronary artery. Heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram were monitored throughout the procedure. Results: blood pressure was significantly decreased by infusion of 50 mg/kg oleuropein in groups 4 and 8, but unlike the lidocaine as a standard anti-arrhythmic drug in groups 2 and 5 had not significant effect on heart rate. The onset of arrhythmia in groups received oleuropein (groups 3, 4, 7, and 8) was significantly delayed. The mortality rate due to irreversible ventricular fibrillation was also significantly reduced in groups 3, 4, 7, and 8. The effect of lidocaine in groups 2 and 5 was more potent than that in oleuropein group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that i.v. injection of oleuropein possibly through its antioxidant activity reduces the magnitude of reperfusion-induced arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Baharvand
- Heart Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Mansour Esmailidehaj
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Jamileh Alihosaini
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shirin Bajoovand
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Zeynab Hafizie
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Jiang G, Wang M, Wang L, Chen H, Chen Z, Guo J, Weng X, Liu X. The protective effect of nesfatin-1 against renal ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats. Ren Fail 2015; 37:882-9. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1015426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tahir M, Arshid S, Heimbecker AMC, Castro MS, Souza Montero EFD, Fontes B, Fontes W. Evaluation of the effects of ischemic preconditioning on the hematological parameters of rats subjected to intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2015; 70:61-8. [PMID: 25672431 PMCID: PMC4321002 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2015(01)11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion often leads to acute lung injury and multiple organ failure. Ischemic preconditioning is protective in nature and reduces tissue injuries in animal and human models. Although hematimetric parameters are widely used as diagnostic tools, there is no report of the influence of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion and ischemic preconditioning on such parameters. We evaluated the hematological changes during ischemia/reperfusion and preconditioning in rats. METHODS Forty healthy rats were divided into four groups: control, laparotomy, intestinal ischemia/reperfusion and ischemic preconditioning. The intestinal ischemia/reperfusion group received 45 min of superior mesenteric artery occlusion, while the ischemic preconditioning group received 10 min of short ischemia and reperfusion before 45 min of prolonged occlusion. A cell counter was used to analyze blood obtained from rats before and after the surgical procedures and the hematological results were compared among the groups. RESULTS The results showed significant differences in hematimetric parameters among the groups. The parameters that showed significant differences included lymphocyte, white blood cells and granulocyte counts; hematocrit; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; red cell deviation width; platelet count; mean platelet volume; plateletcrit and platelet distribution width. CONCLUSION The most remarkable parameters were those related to leukocytes and platelets. Some of the data, including the lymphocyte and granulocytes counts, suggest that ischemic preconditioning attenuates the effect of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion on circulating blood cells. Our work contributes to a better understanding of the hematological responses after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion and IPC, and the present findings may also be used as predictive values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tahir
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Cell Biology Dept, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Samina Arshid
- Laboratory of Surgical Physiopathology (LIM-62), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria C Heimbecker
- Laboratory of Surgical Physiopathology (LIM-62), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana S Castro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Cell Biology Dept, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Edna Frasson de Souza Montero
- Laboratory of Surgical Physiopathology (LIM-62), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Belchor Fontes
- Laboratory of Surgical Physiopathology (LIM-62), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Cell Biology Dept, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
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Ziypak T, Halici Z, Alkan E, Akpinar E, Polat B, Adanur S, Cadirci E, Ferah I, Bayir Y, Karakus E, Mercantepe T. Renoprotective effect of aliskiren on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: electron microscopy and molecular study. Ren Fail 2014; 37:343-54. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.991327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Virag JAI, Lust RM. Circadian influences on myocardial infarction. Front Physiol 2014; 5:422. [PMID: 25400588 PMCID: PMC4214187 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of circadian rhythm maintenance, or "clock genes," are endogenous entrainable oscillations of about 24 h that regulate biological processes and are found in the suprachaismatic nucleus (SCN) and many peripheral tissues, including the heart. They are influenced by external cues, or Zeitgebers, such as light and heat, and can influence such diverse phenomena as cytokine expression immune cells, metabolic activity of cardiac myocytes, and vasodilator regulation by vascular endothelial cells. While it is known that the central master clock in the SCN synchronizes peripheral physiologic rhythms, the mechanisms by which the information is transmitted are complex and may include hormonal, metabolic, and neuronal inputs. Whether circadian patterns are causally related to the observed periodicity of events, or whether they are simply epi-phenomena is not well established, but a few studies suggest that the circadian effects likely are real in their impact on myocardial infarct incidence. Cycle disturbances may be harbingers of predisposition and subsequent response to acute and chronic cardiac injury, and identifying the complex interactions of circadian rhythms and myocardial infarction may provide insights into possible preventative and therapeutic strategies for susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka A I Virag
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Robert M Lust
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
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50
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Arandjelovic P, Kaur P. The regenerative potential of epithelial stem cells in tissue repair. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 56:107-10. [PMID: 25467018 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic wounds encompass devastating injuries with significant physical, emotional and economic costs at both the individual and societal level. The pathogenesis of chronic wounds is as varied as the potential causes; however, contributing factors include repetitive ischaemia/reperfusion injury coupled with bacterial infection, inflammation and matrix degradation at the wound site. Similarly, the acute physical damage of burns may leave patients vulnerable to dehydration and infection, and in certain cases this may be followed by a body-wide systemic response with debilitating consequences. Epithelial stem cells provide a promising avenue for the treatment of burns and chronic wounds. This is exemplified by recent achievements such as the restoration of corneal epithelium using limbal stem cells, and the treatment of epidermolysis bullosa via a gene therapy approach. Nevertheless, many technical and regulatory challenges remain to be addressed. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Regenerative Medicine: the challenge of translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Arandjelovic
- Epithelial Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrew's Place, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Pritinder Kaur
- Epithelial Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrew's Place, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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