1
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Cassiano TSA, Pereira ML, E Silva GM, de Oliveira Neto PH, Ribeiro LA. Large polarons in two-dimensional fullerene networks: the crucial role of anisotropy in charge transport. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2337-2346. [PMID: 38086667 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04920e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The recent synthesis of a two-dimensional quasi-hexagonal-phase monolayer network of C60 molecules, known as qHPC60, holds significant promise for future semiconductor applications. However, the mechanism behind charge transport in these networks remains unknown. In this study, we developed a Holstein-Peierls Hamiltonian model to investigate charge transport in qHPC60, incorporating both local and non-local electron-phonon couplings. Our computational approach involved identifying suitable semi-empirical parameters to realize the formation of stable polarons in this material. The results unveiled the formation of stable large polarons as the primary carriers in the charge transport throughout qHPC60. To explore polaron transport properties, we conducted dynamic simulations within the picosecond time scale while subjecting the system to an external electric field. Our analysis emphasized the substantial influence of anisotropy on shaping mobile polarons, with an anisotropy coefficient of at least 50%. The polarons exhibited velocities within the acoustic regime ranging from 0.5-1.5 nm ps-1. While these velocities are comparable to those observed in high-end organic molecular crystals, they are considerably lower than those in graphene and conducting polymers. With qHPC60 possessing a semiconducting band gap of approximately 1.6 eV, our findings shed light on its potential application in flat electronics, overcoming the null-gap predicament of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S A Cassiano
- University of Brasília, Institute of Physics, 70.910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
| | - M L Pereira
- International Center of Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, Faculty of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil
| | - G M E Silva
- University of Brasília, Institute of Physics, 70.910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
| | | | - L A Ribeiro
- University of Brasília, Institute of Physics, 70.910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
- Computational Materials Laboratory, LCCMat, Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil
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2
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Wei Y, Wang R, Wang M, Hu L, Zhang X, Xu Y, Liu Y, Lan F, Chen J. Research status and prospects of organic photocatalysts in algal inhibition and sterilization: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:5013-5031. [PMID: 38147259 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
An increasing amount of sewage has been discharged into water bodies in the progression of industrialization and urbanization, causing serious water pollution. Meanwhile, the increase of nutrients in the water induces water eutrophication and rapid growth of algae. Photocatalysis is a common technique for algal inhibition and sterilization. To improve the utilization of visible light and the conversion efficiency of solar energy, more organic photocatalytic materials have been gradually developed. In addition to ultraviolet light, partial infrared light and visible light could also be used by organic photocatalysts compared with inorganic photocatalysts. Simultaneously, organic photocatalysts also exhibit favorable stability. Most organic photocatalysts can maintain a high degradation rate for algae and bacteria after several cycles. There are various organic semiconductors, mainly including small organic molecules, such as perylene diimide (PDI), porphyrin (TCPP), and new carbon materials (fullerene (C60), graphene (GO), and carbon nanotubes (CNT)), and large organic polymers, such as graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene (PTH), polyaniline (PANI), and polyimide (PI). In this review, the classification and synthesis methods of organic photocatalytic materials were elucidated. It was demonstrated that the full visible spectral response (400-750 nm) could be stimulated by modifying organic photocatalysts. Moreover, some problems were summarized based on the research status related to algae and bacteria, and corresponding suggestions were also provided for the development of organic photocatalytic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lan
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Wang M, Jin Y, Zhang W, Zhao Y. Single-crystal polymers (SCPs): from 1D to 3D architectures. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8165-8193. [PMID: 37929665 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00553d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystal polymers (SCPs) with unambiguous chemical structures at atomic-level resolutions have attracted great attention. Obtaining precise structural information of these materials is critical as it enables a deeper understanding of the potential driving forces for specific packing and long-range order, secondary interactions, and kinetic and thermodynamic factors. Such information can ultimately lead to success in controlling the synthesis or engineering of their crystal structures for targeted applications, which could have far-reaching impact. Successful synthesis of SCPs with atomic level control of the structures, especially for those with 2D and 3D architectures, is rare. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the synthesis of SCPs, including 1D, 2D, and 3D architectures. Solution synthesis, topochemical synthesis, and extreme condition synthesis are summarized and compared. Around 70 examples of SCPs with unambiguous structure information are presented, and their synthesis methods and structural analysis are discussed. This review offers critical insights into the structure-property relationships, providing guidance for the future rational design and bottom-up synthesis of a variety of highly ordered polymers with unprecedented functions and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsen Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Yinghua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.
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4
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Adsorption and electronic properties of pristine and Al-doped C60 fullerenes using N2O molecule: A theoretical study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Ma Y, Zhang JR, Wang RY, Wang SY, Wang CK, Song XN. Structural recognition of three significant C 88 isomers and its chlorinated derivatives by X-ray spectroscopy. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1725670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ma
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Rong Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Yu Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Yu Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Neng Song
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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6
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Vishnoi R, Gupta S, Dwivedi UK, Singhal R. Optical and structural modifications of copper-fullerene nanocomposite thin films by 120 MeV Au ion irradiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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8
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Nezakati T, Seifalian A, Tan A, Seifalian AM. Conductive Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges in Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6766-6843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Nezakati
- Google Inc.., Mountain View, California 94043, United States
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Tan
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander M. Seifalian
- NanoRegMed Ltd. (Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre), The London Innovation BioScience Centre, London NW1 0NH, United Kingdom
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9
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Baei MT, Soltani A, Rajabzadeh H, Tazikeh-Lemeski E. Structural and electronic properties of XY-doped (AlN, AlP, GaN, GaP) C58 fullerenes: a DFT study. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023617080034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Renzler M, Kranabetter L, Goulart M, Scheier P, Echt O. Positively and Negatively Charged Cesium and (C 60) m Cs n Cluster Ions. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:10817-10823. [PMID: 28572870 PMCID: PMC5447244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b11928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on the formation and ionization of cesium and C60Cs clusters in superfluid helium nanodroplets. Size distributions of positively and negatively charged (C60) m Cs n± ions have been measured for m ≤ 7, n ≤ 12. Reproducible intensity anomalies are observed in high-resolution mass spectra. For both charge states, (C60) m Cs3± and (C60) m Cs5± are particularly abundant, with little dependence on the value of m. Distributions of bare cesium cluster ions also indicate enhanced stability of Cs3± and Cs5±, in agreement with theoretical predictions. These findings contrast with earlier reports on highly Cs-doped cationic fullerene aggregates which showed enhanced stability of C60Cs6 building blocks attributed to charge transfer. The dependence of the (C60) m Cs3- anion yield on electron energy shows a resonance that, surprisingly, oscillates in strength as m increases from 1 to 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Renzler
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lorenz Kranabetter
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcelo Goulart
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Olof Echt
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department
of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
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11
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Takabayashi Y, Prassides K. Unconventional high-Tc superconductivity in fullerides. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2016; 374:rsta.2015.0320. [PMID: 27501971 PMCID: PMC4978744 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A3C60 molecular superconductors share a common electronic phase diagram with unconventional high-temperature superconductors such as the cuprates: superconductivity emerges from an antiferromagnetic strongly correlated Mott-insulating state upon tuning a parameter such as pressure (bandwidth control) accompanied by a dome-shaped dependence of the critical temperature, Tc However, unlike atom-based superconductors, the parent state from which superconductivity emerges solely by changing an electronic parameter-the overlap between the outer wave functions of the constituent molecules-is controlled by the C60 (3-) molecular electronic structure via the on-molecule Jahn-Teller effect influence of molecular geometry and spin state. Destruction of the parent Mott-Jahn-Teller state through chemical or physical pressurization yields an unconventional Jahn-Teller metal, where quasi-localized and itinerant electron behaviours coexist. Localized features gradually disappear with lattice contraction and conventional Fermi liquid behaviour is recovered. The nature of the underlying (correlated versus weak-coupling Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory) s-wave superconducting states mirrors the unconventional/conventional metal dichotomy: the highest superconducting critical temperature occurs at the crossover between Jahn-Teller and Fermi liquid metal when the Jahn-Teller distortion melts.This article is part of the themed issue 'Fullerenes: past, present and future, celebrating the 30th anniversary of Buckminster Fullerene'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Takabayashi
- World Premier International-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kosmas Prassides
- World Premier International-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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12
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Kubozono Y, Eguchi R, Goto H, Hamao S, Kambe T, Terao T, Nishiyama S, Zheng L, Miao X, Okamoto H. Recent progress on carbon-based superconductors. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:334001. [PMID: 27351938 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/33/334001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews new superconducting phases of carbon-based materials. During the past decade, new carbon-based superconductors have been extensively developed through the use of intercalation chemistry, electrostatic carrier doping, and surface-proving techniques. The superconducting transition temperature T c of these materials has been rapidly elevated, and the variety of superconductors has been increased. This review fully introduces graphite, graphene, and hydrocarbon superconductors and future perspectives of high-T c superconductors based on these materials, including present problems. Carbon-based superconductors show various types of interesting behavior, such as a positive pressure dependence of T c. At present, experimental information on superconductors is still insufficient, and theoretical treatment is also incomplete. In particular, experimental results are still lacking for graphene and hydrocarbon superconductors. Therefore, it is very important to review experimental results in detail and introduce theoretical approaches, for the sake of advances in condensed matter physics. Furthermore, the recent experimental results on hydrocarbon superconductors obtained by our group are also included in this article. Consequently, this review article may provide a hint to designing new carbon-based superconductors exhibiting higher T c and interesting physical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kubozono
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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13
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Shirmovsky SE. Quantum dynamics of a hole migration through DNA: A single strand DNA model. Biophys Chem 2016; 217:42-57. [PMID: 27497061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A model predicting the behavior of a hole acting on the DNA strand was investigated. The hole-DNA interaction on the basis of a quantum-classical, non-linear DNA single strand model was described. The fact that a DNA molecule is formed by a furanose ring as its sugar, phosphate group and bases was taken into consideration. Based on the model, results were obtained for the probability of a hole location on the DNA base sequences, such as GTTGGG, GATGTGGG, GTTGTTGGG as well as on the sugar-phosphate groups mated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Eh Shirmovsky
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8 Sukhanov St., Vladivostok 690950, Russia.
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14
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Spisak SN, Li J, Rogachev AY, Wei Z, Papaianina O, Amsharov K, Rybalchenko AV, Goryunkov AA, Petrukhina MA. From Corannulene to Indacenopicene: Effect of Carbon Framework Topology on Aromaticity and Reduction Limits. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Olena Papaianina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Amsharov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexey V. Rybalchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Goryunkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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15
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Dunn JL, Alqannas HS, Lakin AJ. Jahn–Teller effects and surface interactions in multiply-charged fullerene anions and the effect on scanning tunneling microscopy images. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Lebedeva MA, Chamberlain TW, Khlobystov AN. Harnessing the Synergistic and Complementary Properties of Fullerene and Transition-Metal Compounds for Nanomaterial Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11301-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Lebedeva
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrei N. Khlobystov
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Nanotechnology & Nanoscience Centre, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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17
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Pischedda V, Yao M, Debord R, Gabarino G, San-Miguel A. High pressure study of Li-doped fullerides, Li(x)C60 (x = 4,12), by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:365302. [PMID: 25134418 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/36/365302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article we study the alkali metal-intercalated 2D polymeric Li4C60 and the monomeric Li12C60 under pressure up to 40 GPa at room temperature, using x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Li4C60 undergoes several transitions in the studied pressure range. At pressures lower than 8 GPa, we observed changes in both diffraction patterns and Raman scattering spectra, probably due to the displacement of Li atoms. At 8 GPa another structural and electronic transition occurs. We observe an enhancement of background and a broadening of diffraction peaks. Raman modes weaken and broaden considerably. An important structural transition occurs at around 16 GPa, in which new Raman bands exhibit features similar to those of a reported 3D C60 polymeric structure. The XRD data shows a collapse in volume with the simultaneous formation of amorphous material. The cell parameters deviate from their early pressure evolution and become less compressible. The high pressure study of highly doped monomeric Li12C60 shows that its structural integrity is retained up to 13 GPa, with increasing pressure-induced structural distortion and disorder. Above 13 GPa, Li12C60 transforms to a highly disordered state.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pischedda
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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18
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Lee S, Lee JY, Lee KH. Analysis of Nonclassical Fullerene C 24Regioisomers Encapsulating H 2O using Hybrid Density Functional Methods B3LYP and M06-2X. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.3.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Potočnik A, Ganin AY, Takabayashi Y, McDonald MT, Heinmaa I, Jeglič P, Stern R, Rosseinsky MJ, Prassides K, Arčon D. Jahn–Teller orbital glass state in the expanded fcc Cs3C60 fulleride. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00670d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magic-angle-spinning NMR measurements on fcc Cs3C60 to cryogenic temperatures reveal freezing-out of the C603¬ Jahn–Teller dynamics and emergence of an electronic orbital glass state guided by the C603¬ merohedral disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Potočnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A. Y. Ganin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Y. Takabayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Durham University
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - M. T. McDonald
- Department of Chemistry
- Durham University
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - I. Heinmaa
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
- 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - P. Jeglič
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- EN-FIST Centre of Excellence
- 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - R. Stern
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
- 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - M. J. Rosseinsky
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - K. Prassides
- Department of Chemistry
- Durham University
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
- WPI Research Center
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research
| | - D. Arčon
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
- University of Ljubljana
- 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kromer A, Wedig U, Roduner E, Jansen M, Amsharov KY. Counterintuitive Anisotropy of Electron Transport Properties in KC60(THF)5⋅2 THF Fulleride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Kromer A, Wedig U, Roduner E, Jansen M, Amsharov KY. Counterintuitive Anisotropy of Electron Transport Properties in KC60(THF)5⋅2 THF Fulleride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12610-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Echt O, Kaiser A, Zöttl S, Mauracher A, Denifl S, Scheier P. Adsorption of Polar and Nonpolar Molecules on Isolated Cationic C 60 , C 70 , and Their Aggregates. Chempluschem 2013; 78:910-920. [PMID: 31986748 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Physisorption on graphite, graphene, nanotubes, and other graphitic structures has been the subject of numerous studies, partly driven by interest in the nature of order in two-dimensional systems, their phase transitions, and the use of graphitic scaffolds for reversible storage of hydrogen at high volumetric density and low mass. In contrast, physisorption on individual fullerenes or small aggregates of fullerenes has remained largely unexplored, last but not least, because of technical challenges. A summary of recent progress in identifying specific adsorption sites on positively charged C60 , C70 , and their aggregates is given in this Minireview. Adsorption energies and storage capacities for helium, hydrogen, methane, oxygen, nitrogen, water, and ammonia are determined. Mass spectrometric data reveal the formation of a commensurate phase in which all hollow sites of C60 or C70 are occupied. This phase is identified for all nonpolar molecules, including oxygen, which does not form a commensurate phase on planar graphite. The polar molecules, on the other hand, do not wet fullerenes and they do not form this commensurate phase. A hierarchy of other distinct adsorption sites are identified for nonpolar molecules, namely, groove sites for fullerene dimers and beyond, and dimple sites for fullerene trimers and beyond. Furthermore, evidence is presented for the preferential adsorption of hydrogen and methane in registered sites on fullerene dimers. The interpretation of experimental data that merely count the number of preferred adsorption sites is aided by molecular dynamics simulations, which utilize interaction potentials derived from ab initio calculations to determine adsorption energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Echt
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Techniker Strasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria).,Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 (USA)
| | - Alexander Kaiser
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Techniker Strasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Samuel Zöttl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Techniker Strasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Andreas Mauracher
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Techniker Strasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Stephan Denifl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Techniker Strasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Techniker Strasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
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23
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Stolar M, Baumgartner T. Organic n-type materials for charge transport and charge storage applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:9007-24. [PMID: 23674178 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51379c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated materials have attracted much attention toward applications in organic electronics in recent years. These organic species offer many advantages as potential replacement for conventional materials (i.e., silicon and metals) in terms of cheap fabrication and environmentally benign devices. While p-type (electron-donating or hole-conducting) materials have been extensively reviewed and researched, their counterpart n-type (electron-accepting or electron-conducting) materials have seen much less popularity despite the greater need for improvement. In addition to developing efficient charge transport materials, it is equally important to provide a means of charge storage, where energy can be used on an on-demand basis. This perspective is focused on discussing a selection of representative n-type materials and the efforts toward improving their charge-transport efficiencies. Additionally, this perspective will also highlight recent organic materials for battery components and the efforts that have been made to improve their environmental appeal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stolar
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Solar Materials, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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24
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Tzirakis MD, Orfanopoulos M. Radical reactions of fullerenes: from synthetic organic chemistry to materials science and biology. Chem Rev 2013; 113:5262-321. [PMID: 23570603 DOI: 10.1021/cr300475r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manolis D Tzirakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71003 Voutes, Heraklion, Greece.
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25
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Katiyar R, Bag DS, Nigam I. Radical copolymerization of fullerene (C60) and n-butyl methacrylate (BMA) using triphenylbismuthonium ylide and characterization of C60-BMA copolymers. INT J CHEM KINET 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Zaragoza IP, Vergara J, Pérez-Manríquez L, Salcedo R. A DFT study of addition reaction between fragment ion (CH₂) units and fullerene (C₆₀) molecule. J Mol Model 2011; 17:1035-40. [PMID: 20658255 PMCID: PMC3094659 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical study of the interaction between CH(2) and fullerene (C(60)) suggests the existence of an addition reaction mechanism; this feature is studied by applying an analysis of electronic properties. Several different effects are evident in this interaction as a consequence of the particular electronic transfer which occurs during the procedure. The addition or insertion of the methylene group results in a process, where the inclusion of CH(2) into a fullerene bond produces the formation of several geometric deformations. A simulation of these procedures was carried out, taking advantage of the dynamic semi-classical Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Dynamic aspects were analyzed at different speeds, for the interaction between the CH(2) group and the two bonds: CC (6, 6) and CC (6, 5) respectively on the fullerene (C(60)) rings. All calculations which involved electrons employed DFT as well as exchange and functional correlation. The results indicate a tendency for the CH(2) fragment to attack the CC (6, 5) bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irineo Pedro Zaragoza
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Acatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Juan Totoltepec s/n, Santa Cruz Acatlán, Naucalpan, 53150 Estado de México México
| | - Jaime Vergara
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Acatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Juan Totoltepec s/n, Santa Cruz Acatlán, Naucalpan, 53150 Estado de México México
| | - Liliana Pérez-Manríquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Departamento de Polímeros, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510 México D.F Mexico
| | - Roberto Salcedo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Departamento de Polímeros, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510 México D.F Mexico
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27
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Rajagopalan M, Oh IK. Fullerenol-based electroactive artificial muscles utilizing biocompatible polyetherimide. ACS NANO 2011; 5:2248-2256. [PMID: 21332175 DOI: 10.1021/nn103521g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Two essential functional requirements for electroactive artificial muscles, which can be used for biomedical active devices, are biocompatibility and sufficient range of motion. Fullerenol nanoparticles and their derivatives have been validated as potential candidates to be used for nanobiomaterials and biomedical applications because of their excellent proton conductivity, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility. We developed fullerenol-based electroactive artificial muscles utilizing biocompatible polyetherimide. By using a solvent recasting method, present ionic networking membranes have been successfully synthesized with homogeneous dispersion of polyhydroxylated fullerene (PHF) nanoparticles into a sulfonated polyetherimide (SPEI) matrix. In comparison with pure SPEI membranes, the PHF-SPEI nanocomposite membranes show much higher water uptake and proton conductivity, which are both essential characteristics for high-performance ionic polymer actuators. The developed PHF-SPEI actuator shows over three times larger motion ranges and two times higher blocking forces than the pure SPEI actuator. The excellent biocompatibility of PHF and SPEI makes these actuators promising candidate materials for biomedical devices such as active stents and catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendran Rajagopalan
- Division of Ocean Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Systems Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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28
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Peng S, Li XJ. DFT study of structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of D6d endohedral fullerenes: X@C24H12 (X=Li+, Na+, K+). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 73:67-71. [PMID: 19243989 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Based on the D6d-symmetrical C24H12, the equilibrium geometries, electronic structures, Infrared and Raman spectra, reaction energies, the energy gaps, and BSSE- and Zero-Point-corrected binding energies of endohedral fullerenes X@C24H12 (X=Li+, Na+, K+) have been calculated by first-principle density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. The results suggest that the average bond lengths of endohedral fullerenes are longer than those of the empty cage. And in the endohedral fullerenes, Li+@C24H12 is only favorable in energy, and can stably exist. The stable order of three endohedral fullerenes is Li+@C24H12>Na+@C24H12>K+@C24H12, this indicates that the reaction energies and binding energies are in excellent agreement with the energy gaps between the frontier orbitals in the aspect of stability. All may provide a theoretical reference for further applications in the fields of materials physics and chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated No. 4 Hospital of Suzhou University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, PR China.
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29
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Fourmigué M. Magnetic Properties of Radical, Crystalline Mixed Cyclopentadienyl/Dithiolene Complexes. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-00408-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Wang Z, Su K, Fan H, Li Y, Wen Z. Mechanical and electronic properties of endofullerene Ne@C60studied via structure distortions. Mol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970801941791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Prassides K, Takabayashi Y, Nakagawa T. Mixed valency in rare-earth fullerides. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2008; 366:151-61. [PMID: 17827121 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2007.2147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-valence phenomena associated with the highly correlated narrow-band behaviour of the 4f electrons in rare earths are well documented for a variety of rare-earth chalcogenides, borides and intermetallics (Kondo insulators and heavy fermions). The family of rare-earth fullerides with stoichiometry RE2.75C60 (RE=Sm, Yb, Eu) also displays an analogous phenomenology and a remarkable sensitivity of the rare-earth valency to external stimuli (temperature and pressure) making them the first known molecular-based members of this fascinating class of materials. Using powerful crystallographic and spectroscopic techniques which provide direct indications of what is happening in these materials at the microscopic level, we find a rich variety of temperature- and pressure-driven abrupt or continuous valence transitions-the electronically active fulleride sublattice acts as an electron reservoir that can accept electrons from or donate electrons to the rare-earth 4f/5d bands, thereby sensitively modulating the valence of the rare-earth sublattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosmas Prassides
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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32
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Chibotaru L. Spin–vibronic superexchange and dynamical vibronic order in ammoniated cubic fullerides. J Mol Struct 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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34
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Abstract
This review article focuses on the structures and properties of novel hybrid nanocarbon materials, which are created by incorporating atoms and molecules into the hollow spaces of carbon nanotubes (CNTs); thus they are called nanopeapods. After dealing with synthesis procedures, we discuss the structures and electronic properties of the hybrid materials based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), X-ray and electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and field-effect transistor transport measurements. Utilization of the low-dimensional nanosized spaces of CNTs to produce novel low-dimensional nanocluster, nanowire, and nanotube materials is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kitaura
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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35
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Sparta M, Børve KJ, Jensen VR. Structure and Stability of Networked Metallofullerenes of the Transition Metals. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:11711-6. [PMID: 17034165 DOI: 10.1021/jp064071h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A DFT investigation of substitutionally doped fullerenes MC59 of second- and third-row transition metals shows that their stability increases toward the right-hand side of the d-block. Whereas the structural deviation from that of C60 depends on the size of the metal atom, stability is governed by electronic properties of the transition metal atom. A range of MC59 compounds of group 6-8 metals are predicted to have sufficient stability for experimental observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sparta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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36
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Margadonna S, Pontiroli D, Belli M, Shiroka T, Ricco M, Brunelli M. Li4C60: A Polymeric Fulleride with a Two-Dimensional Architecture and Mixed Interfullerene Bonding Motifs. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:15032-3. [PMID: 15547992 DOI: 10.1021/ja044838o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
All known fullerene polymers have interfullerene connections via either [2 + 2] cycloaddition or single C-C bonds. The high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction technique was employed here to determine the crystal structure of the Li4C60 fulleride. We find that the ground state of Li4C60 is a two-dimensional polymer with monoclinic crystal symmetry and an unprecedented architecture, combining both the [2 + 2] cycloaddition and the single C-C bridging motifs. The small size of the Li+ cations is crucial in stabilizing the resulting tightly packed polymeric structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Margadonna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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37
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Bendikov M, Wudl F, Perepichka DF. Tetrathiafulvalenes, Oligoacenenes, and Their Buckminsterfullerene Derivatives: The Brick and Mortar of Organic Electronics. Chem Rev 2004; 104:4891-946. [PMID: 15535637 DOI: 10.1021/cr030666m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1269] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bendikov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Exotic Materials Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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38
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Gallagher SH, Thompson KC, Armstrong RS, Lay PA. The Unusual Intensity Behavior of the 281-cm-1 Resonance Raman Band of C60: A Complex Tale of Vibronic Coupling, Symmetry Reduction, Solvatochromism, and Jahn−Teller Activity. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp036834w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean H. Gallagher
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2006
| | | | | | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2006
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39
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Arvanitidis J, Papagelis K, Margadonna S, Prassides K, Fitch AN. Temperature-induced valence transition and associated lattice collapse in samarium fulleride. Nature 2003; 425:599-602. [PMID: 14534581 DOI: 10.1038/nature01994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2003] [Accepted: 08/12/2003] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The different degrees of freedom of a given system are usually independent of each other but can in some materials be strongly coupled, giving rise to phase equilibria sensitively susceptible to external perturbations. Such systems often exhibit unusual physical properties that are difficult to treat theoretically, as exemplified by strongly correlated electron systems such as intermediate-valence rare-earth heavy fermions and Kondo insulators, colossal magnetoresistive manganites and high-transition temperature (high-T(c)) copper oxide superconductors. Metal fulleride salts-metal intercalation compounds of C60--and materials based on rare-earth metals also exhibit strong electronic correlations. Rare-earth fullerides thus constitute a particularly intriguing system--they contain highly correlated cation (rare-earth) and anion (C60) sublattices. Here we show, using high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements, that cooling the rare-earth fulleride Sm2.75C60 induces an isosymmetric phase transition near 32 K, accompanied by a dramatic isotropic volume increase and a samarium valence transition from (2 + epsilon) + to nearly 2 +. The negative thermal expansion--heating from 4.2 to 32 K leads to contraction rather than expansion--occurs at a rate about 40 times larger than in ternary metal oxides typically exhibiting such behaviour. We attribute the large negative thermal expansion, unprecedented in fullerene or other molecular systems, to a quasi-continuous valence transition from Sm(2+) towards the smaller Sm((2+epsilon)+), analogous to the valence or configuration transitions encountered in intermediate-valence Kondo insulators like SmS (ref. 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Arvanitidis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
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Durand P, Darling GR, Dubitsky Y, Zaopo A, Rosseinsky MJ. The Mott-Hubbard insulating state and orbital degeneracy in the superconducting C60(3-) fulleride family. NATURE MATERIALS 2003; 2:605-610. [PMID: 12907941 DOI: 10.1038/nmat953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2003] [Accepted: 07/03/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Electron correlation controls the properties of important materials such as superconducting and magnetoresistive transition metal oxides and heavy fermion systems. The role of correlation in driving metal-to-insulator transitions assumes further importance because many superconducting materials are located close to such transitions. The nature of the insulating ground state often reveals the dominant interactions in the superconductor, as shown by the importance of the properties of La2CuO4 in understanding the high-temperature-superconducting cuprates. The A3C60 alkali metal fullerides are superconducting systems in which the role of correlation in both the normal state and the superconducting pairing mechanism is controversial, because no magnetic insulator comparable to the superconducting materials has been identified. We describe the first example of a cubic C60(3-) system with degenerate orbitals that adopts the Mott-Hubbard insulating localized electron ground state. Electron repulsion is identified as the interaction that is suppressed on the transition to metallic and superconducting behaviour in the fullerides. This observation is combined with ab initio calculations to demonstrate that it is the orbital degeneracy that allows the superconducting cubic A3C60 fullerides to remain metallic while provoking electron localization in systems with lower symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Durand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
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