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Ye G, Sun G, Cheng Z, Zhang L, Hu K, Xia X, Zhou Y. p55PIK regulates alpha-fetoprotein expression through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Life Sci 2017; 191:104-110. [PMID: 28970114 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is regarded as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the regulation of AFP expression in HCC remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which AFP expression is regulated by p55PIK, an isoform of PI3K. MAIN METHODS Human HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Huh-7) were treated with p55PIK specific competitive inhibitor or shRNA, or p55PIK overexpression vector, in the absence or presence of NF-κB inhibitor PDTC. AFP expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. NF-κB responsive elements in AFP enhancer region were characterized by luciferase reporter assay. KEY FINDINGS p55PIK significantly stimulated the expression of AFP by activating NF-κB signaling pathway in HCC cells. Furthermore, two NF-κB binding sites in AFP enhancer region were identified to be primarily responsible for p55PIK mediated upregulation of AFP expression. SIGNIFICANCE p55PIK/NF-κB signaling plays an important role in the upregulation of AFP expression in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoguo Ye
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Ge Sun
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Zhikui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Kanghong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xianmin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Yin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
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Cao X, Yang M, Wei RC, Zeng Y, Gu JF, Huang WD, Yang DQ, Li HL, Ding M, Wei N, Zhang KJ, Xu B, Liu XR, Qian QJ, Liu XY. Cancer targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy of liver carcinoma by dual-regulated oncolytic adenovirus armed with TRAIL gene. Gene Ther 2011; 18:765-77. [PMID: 21412282 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2011.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer is a common and aggressive malignancy, but available treatment approaches remain suboptimal. Cancer targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy (CTGVT) has shown excellent anti-tumor effects in a preclinical study. CTGVT takes advantage of both gene therapy and virotherapy by incorporating an anti-tumor gene into an oncolytic virus vector. Potent anti-tumor activity is achieved by virus replication and exogenous expression of the anti-tumor gene. A dual-regulated oncolytic adenoviral vector designated Ad·AFP·E1A·E1B (Δ55) (Ad·AFP·D55 for short thereafter) was constructed by replacing the native viral E1A promoter with the simian virus 40 enhancer/α-fetoprotein (AFP) composite promoter (AFPep) based on an E1B-55K-deleted construct, ZD55. Ad·AFP·D55 showed specific replication and cytotoxicity in AFP-positive hepatoma cells. It also showed enhanced safety in normal cells when compared with the mono-regulated vector ZD55. To improve the anti-hepatoma activities of the virus, the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) gene was introduced into Ad·AFP·D55. Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL exhibited remarkable anti-tumor activities in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL can induce both autophagy owing to the Ad·AFP·D55 vector and caspase-dependent apoptosis owing to the TRAIL protein. Therefore, Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL could be a potential anti-hepatoma agent with anti-tumor activities due to AFP-specific replication and TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Shi YJ, Gong JP, Liu CA, Li XH, Mei Y, Mi C, Huo YY. Construction of a targeting adenoviral vector carrying AFP promoter for expressing EGFP gene in AFP producing hepatocarcinoma cell. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:186-9. [PMID: 14716819 PMCID: PMC4717000 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i2.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct a recombinant adenoviral vector carrying AFP promoter and EGFP gene for specific expression of EGFP gene in AFP producing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HepG2 cells.
METHODS: Based on the Adeno-XTM expression system, the human immediate early cytomegalovirus promoter (PCMV IE) was removed from the plasmid, pshuttle, and replaced by a 0.3 kb α-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter that was synthesized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene was inserted into the multi-clone site (MCS), and then the recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the 0.3 kb AFP promoter and EGFP gene was constructed. Cells of a normal liver cell line (LO2), a hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2) and a cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) were transfected with the adenovirus. Northern blot and fluorescence microscopy were used to detect the expression of the EGFP gene at mRNA or protein level in three different cell lines.
RESULTS: The 0.3 kb AFP promoter was synthesized through PCR from the human genome. The AFP promoter and EGFP gene were directly inserted into the plasmid pshuttle as confirmed by restriction digestion and DNA sequencing. Northern blot showed that EGFP gene was markedly transcribed in HepG2 cells, but only slightly in LO2 and HeLa cells. In addition, strong green fluorescence was observed in HepG2 cells under a fluorescence microscopy, but fluorescence was very weak LO2 and HeLa cells.
CONCLUSION: Under control of the 0.3 kb human AFP promoter, the recombinant adenovirus vector carrying EGFP gene can be specially expressed in AFP-producing HepG2 cells. Therefore, this adenovirus system can be used as a novel, potent and specific tool for gene-targeting therapy for the AFP positive primary hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jun Shi
- Department of General Surgery, the Second College of Clinical Medicine and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400010, China
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Tomizawa M, Yu L, Wada A, Tamaoki T, Kadomatsu K, Muramatsu T, Matsubara S, Watanabe K, Ebara M, Saisho H, Sakiyama S, Tagawa M. A promoter region of the midkine gene that is frequently expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma can activate a suicide gene as effectively as the alpha-fetoprotein promoter. Br J Cancer 2003; 89:1086-90. [PMID: 12966430 PMCID: PMC2376946 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the expression of the midkine (MK) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) genes in 15 paired human specimens obtained from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the corresponding noncancerous regions of the same patients. A total of 14 HCC but none of the noncancerous specimens were positive for the MK mRNA. In contrast, three HCC specimens and one corresponding noncancerous sample out of the three AFP-positive HCC cases expressed the AFP gene. A 2.3-kb genomic fragment in the regulatory region of the MK gene could activate a fused reporter gene in both AFP-producing and -nonproducing HCC lines, and the MK fragment-mediated transcriptional activity was comparable to the AFP enhancer-linked AFP promoter in AFP-producing cell lines. The AFP-producing but not AFP-nonproducing HCC cell lines that were transfected with the MK promoter-linked herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene became susceptible to a prodrug ganciclovir to a similar degree of the HCC transfected with the enhancer-linked AFP promoter-fused HSV-TK gene. These data suggest that the MK promoter can activate a therapeutic gene preferentially in HCC and is as useful as the AFP promoter in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tomizawa
- Division of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2, Nitona, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - L Yu
- Division of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2, Nitona, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - A Wada
- Division of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2, Nitona, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - T Tamaoki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N4 N1
| | - K Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University, School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - T Muramatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University, School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - S Matsubara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2, Nitona, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - M Ebara
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - H Saisho
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - S Sakiyama
- Division of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2, Nitona, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - M Tagawa
- Division of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2, Nitona, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2, Nitona, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan. E-mail:
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Gérolami R, Uch R, Bréchot C, Mannoni P, Bagnis C. Gene therapy of hepatocarcinoma: a long way from the concept to the therapeutical impact. Cancer Gene Ther 2003; 10:649-60. [PMID: 12944984 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent histological form of primary liver cancer is one of the most frequent cancer worldwide. This pathology still requires the development of new therapeutical approaches. Gene therapy strategies focusing on the genetic manipulation of accessory cells involved in the immune reaction against cancer cells, or on the direct transduction of tumor cells with transgenes able to "suicide" cancer cells have been largely developed for more than ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Gérolami
- Département de thérapie cellulaire et génique, EFS Alpes Méditerranée, Marseille, France
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Guilhon E, Voisin P, de Zwart JA, Quesson B, Salomir R, Maurange C, Bouchaud V, Smirnov P, de Verneuil H, Vekris A, Canioni P, Moonen CTW. Spatial and temporal control of transgene expression in vivo using a heat-sensitive promoter and MRI-guided focused ultrasound. J Gene Med 2003; 5:333-42. [PMID: 12692867 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the techniques used to induce and control gene expression, a non-invasive, physical approach based on local heat in combination with a heat-sensitive promoter represents a promising alternative but requires accurate temperature control in vivo. MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRI-FUS) with real-time feedback control allows automatic execution of a predefined temperature-time trajectory. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate temporal and spatial control of transgene expression based on a well-defined local hyperthermia generated by MRI-FUS. METHODS Expression of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene was used. Two cell lines were derived from C6 glioma cells. The GFP expression of the first one is under the control of the CMV promoter, whereas it is under the control of the HSP70 promoter in the second one and thus inducible by heat. Subcutaneous tumours were generated by injection in immuno-deficient mice and rats. Tumours were subjected to temperatures varying from 42 to 50 degrees C for 3 to 25 min controlled by MRI-FUS and analyzed 24 h after the heat-shock. Endogenous HSP70 expression and C6 cell distribution were also analyzed. RESULTS The results demonstrate strong expression at 50 degrees C applied during a short time period (3 min) without affecting cell viability. Induced expression was also clearly shown for temperature in the range 44-48 degrees C but not at 42 degrees C. CONCLUSIONS Heating with MRI-FUS allows a tight and non-invasive control of transgene expression in a tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Guilhon
- Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 CNRS/Victor Segalen Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France
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Nacer-Cherif H, Bois-Joyeux B, Rousseau GG, Lemaigre FP, Danan JL. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6 stimulates transcription of the alpha-fetoprotein gene and synergizes with the retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor alpha-4. Biochem J 2003; 369:583-91. [PMID: 12379144 PMCID: PMC1223101 DOI: 10.1042/bj20021229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2002] [Revised: 09/27/2002] [Accepted: 10/15/2002] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The rat alpha-fetoprotein ( afp ) gene is controlled by three enhancers whose function depends on their interaction with liver-enriched transcription factors. The afp enhancer III, located at -6 kb, is composed of three regions that act in synergy. Two of these regions, called s1 and s2, contain a putative binding site for hepatocyte nuclear factor-6 (HNF-6). This factor is the prototype of the ONECUT family of cut-homoeodomain proteins and is a known regulator of liver gene expression in adults and during development. We show here that the two splicing isoforms of HNF-6 bind to a site in the s1 region and in the s2 region. The core sequence of the s1 site corresponds to none of the known HNF-6 binding sites. Nevertheless, the binding properties of the s1 site are identical with those of the s2 site and of previously characterized HNF-6 binding sequences. The HNF-6 consensus should therefore be rewritten as DRRTCVATND. Binding of HNF-6 to the s1 and s2 sites requires both the cut and the homoeo domains, is co-operative and induces DNA bending. HNF-6 strongly stimulates the activity of the afp enhancer III in transient transfection experiments. This effect requires the stereo-specific alignment of the two HNF-6 sites. Moreover, HNF-6 stimulates the enhancer in synergy with the retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORalpha), which binds to a neighbouring site in the s1 region. Thus expression of the afp gene requires functional interactions between HNF-6 molecules and between HNF-6 and RORalpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Nacer-Cherif
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Endocrinologie Moléculaire et le Développement, CNRS UPR 9078, 9 rue Jules Hetzel, F 92190 Meudon, France
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