1
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Hoard DJ, Sutar Y, Demchenko AV. Direct Synthesis of Glycosyl Chlorides from Thioglycosides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6865-6876. [PMID: 38669055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Reported herein is a new method for the direct synthesis of glycosyl chlorides from thioglycosides using sulfuryl chloride at rt. A variety of thioglycosides and thioimidates could be used as substrates. Both acid- and base-sensitive protecting groups were found compatible with these reaction conditions. Preliminary investigation of the reaction mechanism indicates chlorination of the leaving group at the anomeric sulfur as the key step of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hoard
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Yogesh Sutar
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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2
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Walke G, Kasdekar N, Pati S, Taillefer M, Jaroschik F, Hotha S. Activation of glycosyl methylpropiolates by TfOH. Carbohydr Res 2024; 539:109106. [PMID: 38640704 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Activation of glycosyl methylpropiolates by TfOH was investigated. Armed and superarmed glycosyl donors can be activated by use of 0.2 equivalent TfOH whereas 1.0 equivalent of TfOH was required for the activation of the disarmed glycosyl donors. All the glycosidations gave very good yields. The method is suitable for synthesis of glycosides and disaccharides and it may result in the hydrolysis of the interglycosidic bond if the sugar at the non-reducing end is armed or superarmed. These problems are not seen when gold-catalyzed activation procedures are invoked for the activation of glycosyl alkynoates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulab Walke
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune, 411 008, India
| | - Niteshlal Kasdekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune, 411 008, India
| | | | - Marc Taillefer
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune, 411 008, India.
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3
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Sano K, Ishiwata A, Takamori H, Kikuma T, Tanaka K, Ito Y, Takeda Y. Synthesis of Sucrose-Mimicking Disaccharide by Intramolecular Aglycone Delivery. Molecules 2024; 29:1771. [PMID: 38675593 PMCID: PMC11051705 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rare sugars are known for their ability to suppress postprandial blood glucose levels. Therefore, oligosaccharides and disaccharides derived from rare sugars could potentially serve as functional sweeteners. A disaccharide [α-d-allopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-psicofuranoside] mimicking sucrose was synthesized from rare monosaccharides D-allose and D-psicose. Glycosylation using the intermolecular aglycon delivery (IAD) method was employed to selectively form 1,2-cis α-glycosidic linkages of the allopyranose residues. Moreover, β-selective psicofuranosylation was performed using a psicofuranosyl acceptor with 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzoyl groups. This is the first report on the synthesis of non-reducing disaccharides comprising only rare d-sugars by IAD using protected ketose as a unique acceptor; additionally, this approach is expected to be applicable to the synthesis of functional sweeteners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Sano
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (K.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Akihiro Ishiwata
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako 351-0198, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.I.)
| | - Hiroto Takamori
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (K.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takashi Kikuma
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (K.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako 351-0198, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.I.)
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yukishige Ito
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako 351-0198, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.I.)
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoichi Takeda
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (K.S.); (T.K.)
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4
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Deng LF, Wang Y, Xu S, Shen A, Zhu H, Zhang S, Zhang X, Niu D. Palladium catalysis enables cross-coupling-like S N2-glycosylation of phenols. Science 2023; 382:928-935. [PMID: 37995215 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite their importance in life and material sciences, the efficient construction of stereo-defined glycosides remains a challenge. Studies of carbohydrate functions would be advanced if glycosylation methods were as reliable and modular as palladium (Pd)-catalyzed cross-coupling. However, Pd-catalysis excels in forming sp2-hybridized carbon centers whereas glycosylation mostly builds sp3-hybridized C-O linkages. We report a glycosylation platform through Pd-catalyzed SN2 displacement from phenols toward bench-stable, aryl-iodide-containing glycosyl sulfides. The key Pd(II) oxidative addition intermediate diverges from an arylating agent (Csp2 electrophile) to a glycosylating agent (Csp3 electrophile). This method inherits many merits of cross-coupling reactions, including operational simplicity and functional group tolerance. It preserves the SN2 mechanism for various substrates and is amenable to late-stage glycosylation of commercial drugs and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hangping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dawen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Forsythe N, Liu L, Kashiwagi GA, Demchenko AV. Activation of thioglycosides under mild alkylation conditions. Carbohydr Res 2023; 531:108872. [PMID: 37348387 PMCID: PMC10528260 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is the development of a novel method for the activation of thioglycosides and thioimidates using benzyl trichloroacetimidate in the presence of catalytic triflic acid. Excellent yields have been achieved with reactive substrates, whereas efficiency of reactions with unreactive glycosyl donors and/or acceptors was modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Forsythe
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
| | - Leah Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
| | - Gustavo A Kashiwagi
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA.
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6
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Xie J, Lan F, Liu X, Weng W, Ding N. The Synthesis of Fluorinated Carbohydrates Using Sulfuryl Fluoride as the Deoxyfluorination Reagent. Org Lett 2023; 25:3796-3799. [PMID: 37191445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluorination of carbohydrates has been one of the strategies to increase their enzymatic and chemical stabilities and reduce their hydrophilicities, making this modification attractive for drug discovery purposes. The synthesis of monofluorinated carbohydrates was achieved under mild conditions by using SO2F2 as the deoxyfluorination reagent in the presence of a base without extra fluoride additives. This method features low toxicity, easy availability, low cost, and high efficiency and can be subjected to diverse sugar units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fangzhou Lan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuyuan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weizhao Weng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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7
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Abronina PI, Podvalnyy NM, Kononov LO. The use of silyl groups in the synthesis of arabinofuranosides. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3371-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Streamlined access to carbohydrate building blocks: Methyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-α-d-glucopyranoside. Carbohydr Res 2022; 511:108482. [PMID: 34856429 PMCID: PMC8792249 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Presented herein is an improved synthesis of a common 3-OH glycosyl acceptor. This compound is a building block that is routinely synthesized by many research groups to be used in glycosylation refinement studies. The only known direct synthesis by Koto lacks regioselectivity and relies on chromatography separation using hazardous solvents. Our improved synthetic approach relies on Koto's selective benzylation protocol, but it is followed by acylation-purification-deacylation sequence. Although this approach involves additional manipulations, it provides consistent results and is superior to other indirect strategies. Also obtained, albeit in minor quantities, is 4-OH acceptor, another common building block.
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9
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Rahaman Molla M, Thakur R. C2‐(1
N
/2
N
‐Methyl‐tetrazole)methyl Ether (MeTetMe) as a Stereodirecting Group for 1,2‐
trans
‐β‐
O
‐Glycosylation. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mosidur Rahaman Molla
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Patna Ashok Rajpath Patna 800 005 Bihar
| | - Rima Thakur
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Patna Ashok Rajpath Patna 800 005 Bihar
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10
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Mai-Linde Y, Linker T. Radical Clock Probes to Determine Carbohydrate Radical Stabilities. Org Lett 2020; 22:1525-1529. [PMID: 32009406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate radical stabilities in the 1- and 2-position have been determined by a radical clock approach, starting from cyclopropanated sugars with xanthates as precursors. Various hexoses and pentoses afforded 1-deoxy sugars as main products, indicating that anomeric radicals are more stable than radicals in the 2-position. An additional influence of the configurations on radical stabilities has been observed. Our results should be interesting for the understanding of 1,2-radical rearrangements in carbohydrate chemistry and offer an easy access to deoxy-vinyl sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Mai-Linde
- Department of Chemistry , University of Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 , 14476 Golm , Germany
| | - Torsten Linker
- Department of Chemistry , University of Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 , 14476 Golm , Germany
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11
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Jeanneret RA, Dalton CE, Gardiner JM. Synthesis of Heparan Sulfate- and Dermatan Sulfate-Related Oligosaccharides via Iterative Chemoselective Glycosylation Exploiting Conformationally Disarmed [2.2.2] l-Iduronic Lactone Thioglycosides. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15063-15078. [PMID: 31674785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) are l-iduronic acid containing glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) which are implicated in a number of biological processes and conditions including cancer and viral infection. Chemical synthesis of HS and DS is required to generate structurally defined oligosaccharides for a biological study. Herein, we present a new synthetic approach to HS and DS oligosaccharides using chemoselective glycosylation which relies on a disarmed [2.2.2] l-ido lactone motif. The strategy provides a general approach for iterative-reducing end chain extension, using only shelf-stable thioglycoside building blocks, exploiting a conformational switch to control reactivity, and thus requires no anomeric manipulation steps between glycosylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Jeanneret
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology , The University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , U.K
| | - Charlotte E Dalton
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology , The University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , U.K
| | - John M Gardiner
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology , The University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , U.K
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12
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Poulsen LT, Heuckendorff M, Jensen HH. On the generality of the superarmament of glycosyl donors. Org Biomol Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We establish that the electronic superarmament of 2-OBz thioglucoside glycosyl donors under NIS/TfOH activation is not a general phenomenon.
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13
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Kitowski A, Jiménez-Moreno E, Salvadó M, Mestre J, Castillón S, Jiménez-Osés G, Boutureira O, Bernardes GJL. Oxidative Activation of C–S Bonds with an Electropositive Nitrogen Promoter Enables Orthogonal Glycosylation of Alkyl over Phenyl Thioglycosides. Org Lett 2017; 19:5490-5493. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Kitowski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649−028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ester Jiménez-Moreno
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Míriam Salvadó
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Mestre
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillón
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Osés
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis
Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Omar Boutureira
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649−028 Lisboa, Portugal
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14
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Dhanju S, Blazejewski BW, Crich D. Synthesis of Trialkylhydroxylamines by Stepwise Reduction of O-Acyl N,N-Disubstituted Hydroxylamines: Substituent Effects on the Reduction of O-(1-Acyloxyalkyl)hydroxylamines and on the Conformational Dynamics of N-Alkoxypiperidines. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5345-5353. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Dhanju
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | | | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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15
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Meng B, Zhu Z, Baker DC. 1,2-cis Alkyl glycosides: straightforward glycosylation from unprotected 1-thioglycosyl donors. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:5182-91. [PMID: 24915049 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00626g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 1,2-cis-alkyl glycosidation protocol that makes use of unprotected phenyl 1-thioglycosyl donors is reported. Glycosylation of various functionalized alcohols was accomplished in moderate to high yield and selectivity to give the 1,2-cis-glycosides. In order to quickly develop optimum glycosylation conditions, an FIA (flow injection analysis)-ESI-TOF-MS method was developed that enabled rapid and quantitative evaluation of yield on small scale. This methodology, coupled with NMR spectroscopy, allowed for rapid evaluation of the overall reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Meng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, USA.
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16
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Ueda T, Hayashi M, Ikeuchi Y, Nakajima T, Numagami E, Kobayashi S. Synthesis of an α-Amylase Inhibitor: Highly Stereoselective Glycosidation and Regioselective Manipulations of Hydroxyl Groups in Carbohydrate Derivatives. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op500306p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Ueda
- Process Technology Research
Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1 Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0014, Japan
| | - Masaki Hayashi
- Process Technology Research
Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1 Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0014, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ikeuchi
- Process Technology Research
Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1 Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0014, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakajima
- Process Technology Research
Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1 Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0014, Japan
| | - Eiji Numagami
- Process Technology Research
Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1 Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0014, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Process Technology Research
Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1 Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0014, Japan
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17
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Kancharla PK, Kato T, Crich D. Probing the influence of protecting groups on the anomeric equilibrium in sialic acid glycosides with the persistent radical effect. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5472-80. [PMID: 24606062 PMCID: PMC4004215 DOI: 10.1021/ja501276r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A method for the investigation of the influence of protecting groups on the anomeric equilibrium in the sialic acid glycosides has been developed on the basis of the equilibration of O-sialyl hydroxylamines by reversible homolytic scission of the glycosidic bond following the dictates of the Fischer-Ingold persistent radical effect. It is found that a trans-fused 4O,5N-oxazolidinone group stabilizes the equatorial glycoside, i.e., reduces the anomeric effect, when compared to the 4O,5N-diacetyl protected systems. This effect is discussed in terms of the powerful electron-withdrawing nature of the oxazolidinone system, which in turn is a function of its strong dipole moment in the mean plane of the pyranose ring system. The new equilibration method displays a small solvent effect and is most pronounced in less polar media consistent with the anomeric effect in general. The unusual (for anomeric radicals) poor kinetic selectivity of anomeric sialyl radicals is discussed in terms of the planar π-type structure of these radicals and of competing 1,3-diaxial interactions in the diastereomeric transition states for trapping on the α- and β-faces of the radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K Kancharla
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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18
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Basu N, Mukherjee MM, Ghosh R. Synthetic routes toward the trisaccharide related to the lipopolysaccharide of Burkholderia sp. HKI-402 (B4). RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03954h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A stepwise and one-pot sequential synthesis of the trisaccharide are reported, using trichloroacetimidate and thioglycosyl donors and a 3-(N-benzyloxycarbonyl) propyl glycoside acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabamita Basu
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032, India
| | | | - Rina Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032, India
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19
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Della Felice F, Rúveda EA, Stortz CA, Colombo MI. Differential O-3/O-4 selectivity in the glycosylation of N-dimethylmaleoyl-protected hexosamine acceptors: effect of a conformationally armed (superarmed) glycosyl donor. Carbohydr Res 2013; 380:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Moumé-Pymbock M, Furukawa T, Mondal S, Crich D. Probing the influence of a 4,6-O-acetal on the reactivity of galactopyranosyl donors: verification of the disarming influence of the trans-gauche conformation of C5-C6 bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14249-55. [PMID: 23984633 PMCID: PMC3814037 DOI: 10.1021/ja405588x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a 4,6-O-alkylidene acetal on the rate of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl galactopyranosides and of spontaneous hydrolysis of 2,4-dinitrophenyl galactopyranosides has been studied through the synthesis and hydrolysis of analogs in which O6 is replaced by a methoxymethylene unit in which the methoxy group adopts either an equatorial or an axial position according to the configuration. Consistent with earlier studies under both acid-catalyzed and spontaneous hydrolysis conditions, the alkylidene acetal, or its 7-carba analog, retards hydrolysis with respect to comparable systems lacking the cyclic protecting group. The configuration at C6 in the 7-carba analogs does not influence the rate of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis but has a minor influence on the rate of spontaneous hydrolysis of the 2,4-dinitrophenyl galactosides, confirming earlier studies on the role played by the hydroxymethyl group conformation on glycoside reactivity. The benzylidene acetal is found to stabilize the α-anomer of galactopyranose derivatives relative to monocyclic analogs. Reasons for the α-selectivity of 4,6-O-benzylidene-protected galactopyranosyl donors bearing neighboring group-active protecting groups at O2 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriame Moumé-Pymbock
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Takayuki Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Sujit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
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Fenger TH, Madsen R. Regioselective Glycosylation of Unprotected Phenyl 1-Thioglycopyranosides with Phenylboronic Acid as a Transient Masking Group. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Wang S, Lafont D, Rahkila J, Picod B, Leino R, Vidal S. Glycosylation of ‘basic’ alcohols: methyl 6-(hydroxymethyl)picolinate as a case study. Carbohydr Res 2013; 372:35-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Maggi A, Madsen R. Stannylene-Mediated Regioselective 6-O-Glycosylation of Unprotected Phenyl 1-Thioglycopyranosides. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Anjum S, Vetter ND, Rubin JE, Palmer DR. Synthesis of 3,3′-neotrehalosadiamine and related 1,1′-aminodisaccharides using disarmed, armed, and superarmed building blocks. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Kancharla PK, Navuluri C, Crich D. Dissecting the influence of oxazolidinones and cyclic carbonates in sialic acid chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11105-9. [PMID: 22976809 PMCID: PMC3489474 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
At a moment's notice: Thermal equilibration of 1 and mass spectral analysis of sialyl phosphates suggest that the 4O,5N-oxazolidinone and the 4,5-O-carbonate systems influence the anomeric effect and the mechanisms of sialidation by virtue of their dipole moment in the mean plane of the pyranose ring. The electron-withdrawing effect destabilizes 2 and promotes associative glycosylation mechanisms. TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K Kancharla
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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26
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Kancharla PK, Navuluri C, Crich D. Dissecting the Influence of Oxazolidinones and Cyclic Carbonates in Sialic Acid Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Yu F, Nguyen HM. Studies on the selectivity between nickel-catalyzed 1,2-cis-2-amino glycosylation of hydroxyl groups of thioglycoside acceptors with C2-substituted benzylidene N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidates and intermolecular aglycon transfer of the sulfide group. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7330-43. [PMID: 22838405 PMCID: PMC3436940 DOI: 10.1021/jo301050q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of saccharide thioglycosides containing 1,2-cis-2-amino glycosidic linkages is challenging. In addition to the difficulties associated with achieving high α-selectivity in the formation of 1,2-cis-2-amino glycosidic bonds, the glycosylation reaction is hampered by undesired transfer of the anomeric sulfide group from the glycosyl acceptor to the glycosyl donor. Overcoming these obstacles will pave the way for the preparation of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates bearing the 1,2-cis-2-amino glycosidic linkages because the saccharide thioglycosides obtained can serve as donors for another coupling iteration. This approach streamlines selective deprotection and anomeric derivatization steps prior to the subsequent coupling event. We have developed an efficient approach for the synthesis of highly yielding and α-selective saccharide thioglycosides containing 1,2-cis-2-amino glycosidic bonds, via cationic nickel-catalyzed glycosylation of thioglycoside acceptors bearing the 2-trifluoromethylphenyl aglycon with N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidate donors. The 2-trifluoromethylphenyl group effectively blocks transfer of the anomeric sulfide group from the glycosyl acceptor to the C(2)-benzylidene donor and can be easily installed and activated. The current method also highlights the efficacy of the nickel catalyst selectively activating the C(2)-benzylidene imidate group in the presence of the anomeric sulfide group on the glycosyl acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Hien M. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
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28
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Whitfield DM. Plausible transition states for glycosylation reactions. Carbohydr Res 2012; 356:180-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Heuckendorff M, Pedersen CM, Bols M. Rhamnosylation: diastereoselectivity of conformationally armed donors. J Org Chem 2012; 77:5559-68. [PMID: 22639871 DOI: 10.1021/jo300591k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The α/β-selectivity of super-armed rhamnosyl donors have been investigated in glycosylation reactions. The solvent was found to have a minor influence, whereas temperature was crucial for the diastereoselectivity. At very low temperature, a modest β-selectivity could be obtained, and increasing temperature gave excellent α-selectivity. The donors were highly reactive, and activation was observed at temperatures as low as -107 °C. Different promoter systems and leaving groups were investigated, and only activation with a heterogeneous catalyst increased the amount of the β-anomer significantly. By introducing an electron-withdrawing nonparticipating group, benzyl sulfonyl, on 2-O, an increase in β-product was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Heuckendorff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Sau A, Panchadhayee R, Ghosh D, Misra AK. Synthesis of a tetrasaccharide analog corresponding to the repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide of Salmonella enterica O59: unexpected stereo outcome in glycosylation. Carbohydr Res 2012; 352:18-22. [PMID: 22398254 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Premathilake HD, Demchenko AV. 2-Allylphenyl glycosides as complementary building blocks for oligosaccharide and glycoconjugate synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:597-605. [PMID: 22563357 PMCID: PMC3343285 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The O-allylphenyl (AP) anomeric moiety was investigated as a new leaving group that can be activated for chemical glycosylation under a variety of conditions, through both direct and remote pathways. Differentiation between the two activation pathways was achieved in a mechanistic study. The orthogonal-type activation of the AP moiety along with common thioglycosides allows for the execution of efficient oligosaccharide assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemali D Premathilake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
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Carbohydrate synthesis and biosynthesis technologies for cracking of the glycan code: recent advances. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 31:17-37. [PMID: 22484115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The glycan code of glycoproteins can be conceptually defined at molecular level by the sequence of well characterized glycans attached to evolutionarily predetermined amino acids along the polypeptide chain. Functional consequences of protein glycosylation are numerous, and include a hierarchy of properties from general physicochemical characteristics such as solubility, stability and protection of the polypeptide from the environment up to specific glycan interactions. Definition of the glycan code for glycoproteins has been so far hampered by the lack of chemically defined glycoprotein glycoforms that proved to be extremely difficult to purify from natural sources, and the total chemical synthesis of which has been hitherto possible only for very small molecular species. This review summarizes the recent progress in chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex glycans and their protein conjugates. Progress in our understanding of the ways in which a particular glycoprotein glycoform gives rise to a unique set of functional properties is now having far reaching implications for the biotechnology of important glycodrugs such as therapeutical monoclonal antibodies, glycoprotein hormones, carbohydrate conjugates used for vaccination and other practically important protein-carbohydrate conjugates.
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33
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Gouliaras C, Lee D, Chan L, Taylor MS. Regioselective activation of glycosyl acceptors by a diarylborinic acid-derived catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:13926-9. [PMID: 21838223 DOI: 10.1021/ja2062715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A derivative of diphenylborinic acid promotes catalytic, regioselective Koenigs-Knorr glycosylations of carbohydrate derivatives bearing multiple secondary hydroxyl groups. Robust levels of selectivity for the equatorial OH group of cis-1,2-diol motifs are demonstrated in reactions of seven acceptors derived from galactose, mannose, fucose, and arabinose using a variety of glycosyl halide donors. Catalyst control presents a new means of generating defined glycosidic linkages from unprotected or minimally protected carbohydrate feedstocks.
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