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Ferrick L, Lee YSL, Gardner DK. Reducing time to pregnancy and facilitating the birth of healthy children through functional analysis of embryo physiology†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:1124-1139. [PMID: 30649216 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An ever-increasing number of couples rely on assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in order to conceive a child. Although advances in embryo culture have led to increases in the success rates of clinical ART, it often takes more than one treatment cycle to conceive a child. Ensuring patients conceive as soon as possible with a healthy embryo is a priority for reproductive medicine. Currently, selection of embryos for transfer relies predominantly on the morphological assessment of the preimplantation embryo; however, morphology is not an absolute link to embryo physiology, nor the health of the resulting child. Non-invasive quantitation of individual embryo physiology, a key regulator of both embryo viability and health, could provide valuable information to assist in the selection of the most viable embryo for transfer, hence reducing the time to pregnancy. Further, according to the Barker Hypothesis, the environment to which a fetus is exposed to during gestation affects subsequent offspring health. If the environment of the preimplantation period is capable of affecting metabolism, which in turn will affect gene expression through the metaboloepigenetic link, then assessment of embryo metabolism should represent an indirect measure of future offspring health. Previously, the term viable embryo has been used in association with the potential of an embryo to establish a pregnancy. Here, we propose the term healthy embryo to reflect the capacity of that embryo to lead to a healthy child and adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferrick
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - David K Gardner
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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2
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Castaño N, Cordts SC, Nadeau KC, Tsai M, Galli SJ, Tang SKY. Microfluidic methods for precision diagnostics in food allergy. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2020; 14:021503. [PMID: 32266046 PMCID: PMC7127910 DOI: 10.1063/1.5144135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy has reached epidemic proportions and has become a significant source of healthcare burden. Oral food challenge, the gold standard for food allergy assessment, often is not performed because it places the patient at risk of developing anaphylaxis. However, conventional alternative food allergy tests lack a sufficient predictive value. Therefore, there is a critical need for better diagnostic tests that are both accurate and safe. Microfluidic methods have the potential of helping one to address such needs and to personalize the diagnostics. This article first reviews conventional diagnostic approaches used in food allergy. Second, it reviews recent efforts to develop novel biomarkers and in vitro diagnostics. Third, it summarizes the microfluidic methods developed thus far for food allergy diagnosis. The article concludes with a discussion of future opportunities for using microfluidic methods for achieving precision diagnostics in food allergy, including multiplexing the detection of multiple biomarkers, sampling of tissue-resident cytokines and immune cells, and multi-organ-on-a-chip technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Castaño
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Seth C. Cordts
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Department of Pediatrics—Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Mindy Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | - Sindy K. Y. Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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3
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Yang J, Hurth C, Nordquist A, Smith S, Zenhausern F. Integrated Microfluidic System for Rapid DNA Fingerprint Analysis: A Miniaturized Integrated DNA Analysis System (MiDAS)-Swab Sample-In to DNA Profile-Out. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1906:207-224. [PMID: 30488395 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8964-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A fully automated rapid DNA analysis system requires integrating several operational elements performing multiple steps onto one single microfluidic platform. The functions to include on the microfluidic platform consist of substrate lysis, lysate DNA extraction, single or multiplexed PCR amplification, amplicon separation, and product readout. Here we describe a fully automated integrated system for forensic short tandem repeat (STR) analysis of reference samples, achieving buccal swab-in and DNA profile-out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Yang
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Cedric Hurth
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Alan Nordquist
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Stan Smith
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Frederic Zenhausern
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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4
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Microfluidics: innovative approaches for rapid diagnosis of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Essays Biochem 2017; 61:91-101. [PMID: 28258233 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20160059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a major global health concern. Rapid and accurate diagnostic strategies to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile prior to antibiotic prescription and treatment are critical to control drug resistance. The standard diagnostic procedures for the detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which rely mostly on phenotypic characterization, are time consuming, insensitive and often require skilled personnel, making them unsuitable for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis. Various molecular techniques have therefore been implemented to help speed up the process and increase sensitivity. Over the past decade, microfluidic technology has gained great momentum in medical diagnosis as a series of fluid handling steps in a laboratory can be simplified and miniaturized on to a small platform, allowing marked reduction of sample amount, high portability and tremendous possibility for integration with other detection technologies. These advantages render the microfluidic system a great candidate to be developed into an easy-to-use sample-to-answer POC diagnosis suitable for application in remote clinical settings. This review provides an overview of the current development of microfluidic technologies for the nucleic acid based and phenotypic-based detections of antibiotic resistance.
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Han JP, Sun J, Wang L, Liu P, Zhuang B, Zhao L, Liu Y, Li CX. The Optimization of Electrophoresis on a Glass Microfluidic Chip and its Application in Forensic Science. J Forensic Sci 2017; 62:1603-1612. [PMID: 28168694 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic chips offer significant speed, cost, and sensitivity advantages, but numerous parameters must be optimized to provide microchip electrophoresis detection. Experiments were conducted to study the factors, including sieving matrices (the concentration and type), surface modification, analysis temperature, and electric field strengths, which all impact the effectiveness of microchip electrophoresis detection of DNA samples. Our results showed that the best resolution for ssDNA was observed using 4.5% w/v (7 M urea) lab-fabricated LPA gel, dynamic wall coating of the microchannel, electrophoresis temperatures between 55 and 60°C, and electrical fields between 350 and 450 V/cm on the microchip-based capillary electrophoresis (μCE) system. One base-pair resolution could be achieved in the 19-cm-length microchannel. Furthermore, both 9947A standard genomic DNA and DNA extracted from blood spots were demonstrated to be successfully separated with well-resolved DNA peaks in 8 min. Therefore, the microchip electrophoresis system demonstrated good potential for rapid forensic DNA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun P Han
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, China.,Forensic Science and Technology Department of Chaoyang Sub-bureau, Beijing Public Security Bureau, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Le Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bin Zhuang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Cai X Li
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, China
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Wimbles R, Melling LM, Shaw KJ. Combining Electro-Osmotic Flow and FTA ® Paper for DNA Analysis on Microfluidic Devices. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:E119. [PMID: 30404292 PMCID: PMC6190317 DOI: 10.3390/mi7070119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
FTA® paper can be used to protect a variety of biological samples prior to analysis, facilitating ease-of-transport to laboratories or long-term archive storage. The use of FTA® paper as a solid phase eradicates the need to elute the nucleic acids from the matrix prior to DNA amplification, enabling both DNA purification and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA amplification to be performed in a single chamber on the microfluidic device. A disc of FTA® paper, containing a biological sample, was placed within the microfluidic device on top of wax-encapsulated DNA amplification reagents. The disc containing the biological sample was then cleaned up using Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer, which was passed over the disc, via electro-osmotic flow, in order to remove any potential inhibitors of downstream processes. DNA amplification was successfully performed (from buccal cells, whole blood and semen) using a Peltier thermal cycling system, whereupon the stored PCR reagents were released during the initial denaturing step due to the wax barrier melting between the FTA® disc and PCR reagents. Such a system offers advantages in terms of a simple sample introduction interface and the ability to process archived samples in an integrated microfluidic environment with minimal risk of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Wimbles
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Louise M Melling
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Kirsty J Shaw
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
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Yang M, Yin C, Lv Y, Yang Y, Chen J, Yu Z, Liu X, Xu M, Chen F, Wu H, Yan J. Development of a rapid 21-plex autosomal STR typing system for forensic applications. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2789-2799. [PMID: 27066765 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
DNA-STR genotyping technology has been widely used in forensic investigations. Even with such success, there is a great need to reduce the analysis time. In this study, we established a new rapid 21-plex STR typing system, including 13 CODIS loci, Penta D, Penta E, D12S391, D2S1338, D6S1043, D19S433, D2S441 and Amelogenin loci. This system could shorten the amplification time to a minimum of 90 min and does not require DNA extraction from the samples. Validation of the typing system complied with the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) and the Chinese National Standard (GA/T815-2009) guidelines. The results demonstrated that this 21-plex STR typing system was a valuable tool for rapid criminal investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Caiyong Yin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yuexin Lv
- Beijing Microread Genetics Co., Ltd, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yaran Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zailiang Yu
- Beijing Microread Genetics Co., Ltd, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xu Liu
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing, P. R. China.,Beijing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Gene Sequencing and Gene Function Analysis, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Meibo Xu
- Beijing Microread Genetics Co., Ltd, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing, P. R. China. .,Beijing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Gene Sequencing and Gene Function Analysis, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Jiangwei Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
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8
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Romsos EL, Vallone PM. Rapid PCR of STR markers: Applications to human identification. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2015; 18:90-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Jeong Y, Choi J, Lee KH. Technology advancement for integrative stem cell analyses. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 20:669-82. [PMID: 24874188 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Scientists have endeavored to use stem cells for a variety of applications ranging from basic science research to translational medicine. Population-based characterization of such stem cells, while providing an important foundation to further development, often disregard the heterogeneity inherent among individual constituents within a given population. The population-based analysis and characterization of stem cells and the problems associated with such a blanket approach only underscore the need for the development of new analytical technology. In this article, we review current stem cell analytical technologies, along with the advantages and disadvantages of each, followed by applications of these technologies in the field of stem cells. Furthermore, while recent advances in micro/nano technology have led to a growth in the stem cell analytical field, underlying architectural concepts allow only for a vertical analytical approach, in which different desirable parameters are obtained from multiple individual experiments and there are many technical challenges that limit vertically integrated analytical tools. Therefore, we propose--by introducing a concept of vertical and horizontal approach--that there is the need of adequate methods to the integration of information, such that multiple descriptive parameters from a stem cell can be obtained from a single experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jeong
- 1 BK21+ Department of BioNano Technology, Hanyang University , Seoul Campus, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Németh N, Kerékgyártó M, Sasvári-Székely M, Rónai Z, Guttman A. Rapid identification of human SNAP-25 transcript variants by a miniaturized capillary electrophoresis system. Electrophoresis 2013; 35:379-84. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Németh
- Department of Medical Chemistry; Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Márta Kerékgyártó
- Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Mária Sasvári-Székely
- Department of Medical Chemistry; Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsolt Rónai
- Department of Medical Chemistry; Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - András Guttman
- Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- MTA-PE Translational Glycomics Group; University of Pannonia; Veszprém Hungary
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13
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14
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Profiling in situ microbial community structure with an amplification microarray. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 79:799-807. [PMID: 23160129 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02664-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to unify amplification, labeling, and microarray hybridization chemistries within a single, closed microfluidic chamber (an amplification microarray) and verify technology performance on a series of groundwater samples from an in situ field experiment designed to compare U(VI) mobility under conditions of various alkalinities (as HCO(3)(-)) during stimulated microbial activity accompanying acetate amendment. Analytical limits of detection were between 2 and 200 cell equivalents of purified DNA. Amplification microarray signatures were well correlated with 16S rRNA-targeted quantitative PCR results and hybridization microarray signatures. The succession of the microbial community was evident with and consistent between the two microarray platforms. Amplification microarray analysis of acetate-treated groundwater showed elevated levels of iron-reducing bacteria (Flexibacter, Geobacter, Rhodoferax, and Shewanella) relative to the average background profile, as expected. Identical molecular signatures were evident in the transect treated with acetate plus NaHCO(3), but at much lower signal intensities and with a much more rapid decline (to nondetection). Azoarcus, Thaurea, and Methylobacterium were responsive in the acetate-only transect but not in the presence of bicarbonate. Observed differences in microbial community composition or response to bicarbonate amendment likely had an effect on measured rates of U reduction, with higher rates probable in the part of the field experiment that was amended with bicarbonate. The simplification in microarray-based work flow is a significant technological advance toward entirely closed-amplicon microarray-based tests and is generally extensible to any number of environmental monitoring applications.
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Chandler DP, Bryant L, Griesemer SB, Gu R, Knickerbocker C, Kukhtin A, Parker J, Zimmerman C, George KS, Cooney CG. Integrated Amplification Microarrays for Infectious Disease Diagnostics. MICROARRAYS 2012; 1:107-24. [PMID: 27605339 PMCID: PMC5003434 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays1030107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This overview describes microarray-based tests that combine solution-phase amplification chemistry and microarray hybridization within a single microfluidic chamber. The integrated biochemical approach improves microarray workflow for diagnostic applications by reducing the number of steps and minimizing the potential for sample or amplicon cross-contamination. Examples described herein illustrate a basic, integrated approach for DNA and RNA genomes, and a simple consumable architecture for incorporating wash steps while retaining an entirely closed system. It is anticipated that integrated microarray biochemistry will provide an opportunity to significantly reduce the complexity and cost of microarray consumables, equipment, and workflow, which in turn will enable a broader spectrum of users to exploit the intrinsic multiplexing power of microarrays for infectious disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrell P Chandler
- Akonni Biosystems, Inc., 400 Sagner Avenue, Suite 300, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
| | - Lexi Bryant
- Akonni Biosystems, Inc., 400 Sagner Avenue, Suite 300, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
| | - Sara B Griesemer
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - Rui Gu
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | | | - Alexander Kukhtin
- Akonni Biosystems, Inc., 400 Sagner Avenue, Suite 300, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
| | - Jennifer Parker
- Akonni Biosystems, Inc., 400 Sagner Avenue, Suite 300, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
| | - Cynthia Zimmerman
- Akonni Biosystems, Inc., 400 Sagner Avenue, Suite 300, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
| | - Kirsten St George
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - Christopher G Cooney
- Akonni Biosystems, Inc., 400 Sagner Avenue, Suite 300, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
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Foudeh AM, Fatanat Didar T, Veres T, Tabrizian M. Microfluidic designs and techniques using lab-on-a-chip devices for pathogen detection for point-of-care diagnostics. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:3249-66. [PMID: 22859057 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40630f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Effective pathogen detection is an essential prerequisite for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Despite recent advances in biosensors, infectious diseases remain a major cause of illnesses and mortality throughout the world. For instance in developing countries, infectious diseases account for over half of the mortality rate. Pathogen detection platforms provide a fundamental tool in different fields including clinical diagnostics, pathology, drug discovery, clinical research, disease outbreaks, and food safety. Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices offer many advantages for pathogen detection such as miniaturization, small sample volume, portability, rapid detection time and point-of-care diagnosis. This review paper outlines recent microfluidic based devices and LOC design strategies for pathogen detection with the main focus on the integration of different techniques that led to the development of sample-to-result devices. Several examples of recently developed devices are presented along with respective advantages and limitations of each design. Progresses made in biomarkers, sample preparation, amplification and fluid handling techniques using microfluidic platforms are also covered and strategies for multiplexing and high-throughput analysis, as well as point-of-care diagnosis, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir M Foudeh
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
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Pjescic I, Crews N. Genotyping from saliva with a one-step microdevice. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:2514-2519. [PMID: 22534758 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc00010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a disposable microfluidic device for on-chip lysing, PCR, and analysis in one continuous-flow process. Male-female sex determination was performed with human saliva in less than 20 min from spit to finish, and requiring only seconds of manual sample handling. This genetic analysis was based on the amplification and detection of the DYZ1 repeat region unique to the Y-chromosome. The flow-through microfluidic chip consisted of a single serpentine channel designed to guide samples through 42 heating and cooling cycles. Cycling was performed by matching the local channel geometry to a steady-state temperature gradient established across the microfluidic chip. 38 channel segments were designed for rapid low volume PCR, and four were optimized for spatial DNA melting analysis. Fluorescence detection was used to monitor the amplification and to capture the melting signature of the amplicon was performed with a basic 8-bit CCD camera. The microfluidic device itself was fabricated from microscope slides and a double-sided tape. The simplicity of the system and its robust performance combine in an elegant solution for lab-on-a-chip genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilija Pjescic
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, USA
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18
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Miniaturized nucleic acid amplification systems for rapid and point-of-care diagnostics: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 733:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Roche PJR, Beitel LK, Khan R, Lumbroso R, Najih M, Cheung MCK, Thiemann J, Veerasubramanian V, Trifiro M, Chodavarapu VP, Kirk AG. Demonstration of a plasmonic thermocycler for the amplification of human androgen receptor DNA. Analyst 2012; 137:4475-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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