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Improved Electronic Transport in Ion Complexes of Crown Ether Based Columnar Liquid Crystals. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9020074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Li+- and K+-complexes of new discotic mesogens, where two n-alkoxy-substituted triphenylene cores are connected by a central crown ether (12-crown-4 and 18-crown-6), provide interesting structural and electronic properties. The inter- and intra-columnar structure was investigated by small and wide angle X-ray scattering. The electronic and ionic transports were studied by temperature dependent photoconductivity and impedance spectroscopy, respectively. Besides a strong increase of the stability and the width of the columnar phases the presence of soft anions (iodide, thiocyanate, tetrafluoroborate) leads to an improved intra-columnar order. The hereby shortened stacking-distance of the triphenylene cores leads to a significant increase of the photoconductivity in the columnar mesophase. Furthermore, the ionic conductivity of the new materials was investigated on macroscopically aligned thin films. The existence of channels for fast cation transport formed by the stacked crown ether moieties in the centre of each column can be excluded. The cations are coordinated strongly and therefore contributing only little to the conductivity. The ionic conductivity is dominated by the anisotropic migration of the non-coordinated anions through the liquid, like side chains favouring the propagation parallel to the columns. Iodide migrates about 20 times faster than thiocyanate and 100 times faster than tetrafluoroborate.
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2
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Ehni P, Guy K, Ebert M, Beardsworth S, Bader K, Forschner R, Bühlmeyer A, Dumait N, Roiland C, Molard Y, Laschat S. Luminescent liquid crystalline hybrid materials by embedding octahedral molybdenum cluster anions with soft organic shells derived from tribenzo[18]crown-6. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14340-14351. [PMID: 30187902 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03254h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Crown ethers and their derivatives are versatile building blocks for the design of supramolecular materials. They can be functionalized at will and are well known for their abilities to complex with alkali cations. Here, we show that emissive lanthanide free hybrid materials can be generated by using such building blocks. The organic tribenzo[18]crown-6 central core was functionalized via six-fold Suzuki cross-coupling as a key reaction with three o-terphenyl units which could be converted into their corresponding triphenylenes by the Scholl reaction, leading to novel liquid-crystalline columnar materials. Selected tribenzo[18]crown-6 o-terphenyls could interact with emissive ternary metal cluster compound salts to generate hybrid materials combining the properties of both moieties. Due to synergistic effects and despite the anisometry of the cluster compounds, individual properties such as liquid-crystalline phase stability of the organic part and emission abilities of its inorganic counter-part are enhanced in the hybrid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ehni
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Guy K, Ehni P, Paofai S, Forschner R, Roiland C, Amela‐Cortes M, Cordier S, Laschat S, Molard Y. Lord of The Crowns: A New Precious in the Kingdom of Clustomesogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11692-11696. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Guy
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR—UMR 6226, ScanMAT—UMS 2001 35000 Rennes France
| | - Philipp Ehni
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Serge Paofai
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR—UMR 6226, ScanMAT—UMS 2001 35000 Rennes France
| | - Robert Forschner
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Claire Roiland
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR—UMR 6226, ScanMAT—UMS 2001 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Stéphane Cordier
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR—UMR 6226, ScanMAT—UMS 2001 35000 Rennes France
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Yann Molard
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR—UMR 6226, ScanMAT—UMS 2001 35000 Rennes France
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Guy K, Ehni P, Paofai S, Forschner R, Roiland C, Amela-Cortes M, Cordier S, Laschat S, Molard Y. Lord of The Crowns: A New Precious in the Kingdom of Clustomesogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Guy
- Univ Rennes; CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Philipp Ehni
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Serge Paofai
- Univ Rennes; CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Robert Forschner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Claire Roiland
- Univ Rennes; CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001; 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Stéphane Cordier
- Univ Rennes; CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Yann Molard
- Univ Rennes; CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001; 35000 Rennes France
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Cozan V, Ardeleanu R, Airinei A, Timpu D. Crystalline smectic E phase revisited in case of symmetrical dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether azomethine dimers. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bader K, Neidhardt MM, Wöhrle T, Forschner R, Baro A, Giesselmann F, Laschat S. Amino acid/crown ether hybrid materials: how charge affects liquid crystalline self-assembly. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:8379-8391. [PMID: 29063090 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01484h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To probe the influence of electrostatic interactions on the mesomorphic self-assembly and phase behaviour of hybrid liquid crystals a series of crown ether/tyrosine hybrid systems was prepared by Steglich esterification of alkyl N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-l-tyrosinates with 4-carboxybenzo[15]crown-5 and 4-carboxybenzo[18]crown-6. The obtained derivatives allowed further manipulations at the NH functional group and complexation of the crown ether unit with NaI to give neutral or charged hybrid materials. All compounds were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Neither the variation of the N-protecting group, introduction of charge at the N-terminus nor anion exchange (Cl vs. I) resulted in mesomorphism. In contrast, N-Boc-protected and unprotected hybrids formed rectangular columnar (Colr) mesophases with phase widths up to 35 K. NaI complexation switched these neutral thermotropic derivatives into ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) and induced a change of mesophase type from Colr to smectic A (SmA). A comparison of experimentally obtained layer distances and theoretically calculated molecular lengths indicated bilayer SmA formation with interdigitated alkyl chains. Packing models for both mesophase types are proposed and discussed with respect to stabilizing interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korinna Bader
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Kirres J, Schmitt K, Wurzbach I, Giesselmann F, Ludwigs S, Ringenberg M, Ruff A, Baro A, Laschat S. Tuning liquid crystalline phase behaviour in columnar crown ethers by sulfur substituents. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00077d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing side chains in the periphery ofo-terphenyl or triphenylene units of crown ethers induce room-temperature columnar mesophases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Kirres
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Katharina Schmitt
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Iris Wurzbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Sabine Ludwigs
- Institut für Polymerchemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Mark Ringenberg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Adrian Ruff
- Institut für Polymerchemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
- Analytische Chemie – Elektroanalytik & Sensorik
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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Laschat S, Baro A, Wöhrle T, Kirres J. Playing with nanosegregation in discotic crown ethers: from molecular design to OFETs, nanofibers and luminescent materials. LIQUID CRYSTALS TODAY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1358314x.2016.1206286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Byun IJ, Lee M, Han YK. Synthesis of new Azo-based liquid crystalline polymers and their selective sensing behaviors to alkali metal ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- In-Joon Byun
- Department of Chemistry; Hanyang University; 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Minjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Kunsan National University; 558 Daehak-Ro Gunsan-Si 54150 Korea
| | - Yang-Kyoo Han
- Department of Chemistry; Hanyang University; 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu Seoul 04763 Korea
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Wöhrle T, Wurzbach I, Kirres J, Kostidou A, Kapernaum N, Litterscheidt J, Haenle JC, Staffeld P, Baro A, Giesselmann F, Laschat S. Discotic Liquid Crystals. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1139-241. [PMID: 26483267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wöhrle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Wurzbach
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Kirres
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Antonia Kostidou
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadia Kapernaum
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Juri Litterscheidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Christian Haenle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Staffeld
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Nayak SK, Amela-Cortes M, Roiland C, Cordier S, Molard Y. From metallic cluster-based ceramics to nematic hybrid liquid crystals: a double supramolecular approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3774-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10085a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent bulky anionic inorganic species are directly integrated in a liquid crystalline material by a double supramolecular approach combining host–guest and electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta K. Nayak
- Université de Rennes 1 – CNRS UMR 6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Maria Amela-Cortes
- Université de Rennes 1 – CNRS UMR 6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Claire Roiland
- Université de Rennes 1 – CNRS UMR 6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Stéphane Cordier
- Université de Rennes 1 – CNRS UMR 6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Yann Molard
- Université de Rennes 1 – CNRS UMR 6226 “Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
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Wöhrle T, Kirres J, Kaller M, Mansueto M, Tussetschläger S, Laschat S. Pushing Steric Bias in the Scholl Reaction to Access Liquid Crystalline Crown Ethers. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10143-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501790d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wöhrle
- Institut
für Organische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Kirres
- Institut
für Organische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Kaller
- Institut
für Organische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Mansueto
- Institut
für Organische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut
für Organische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Mihelj T, Tomašić V, Biliškov N, Liu F. Temperature-dependent IR spectroscopic and structural study of 18-crown-6 chelating ligand in the complexation with sodium surfactant salts and potassium picrate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 124:12-20. [PMID: 24457933 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
18-crown-6 ether (18C6) complexes with the following anionic surfactants: sodium n-dodecylsulfate (18C6-NaDS), sodium 4-(1-pentylheptyl)benzenesulfonate (18C6-NaDBS); and potassium picrate (18C6-KP) were synthesized and studied in terms of their thermal and structural properties. Physico-chemical properties of new solid 1:1 coordination complexes were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and microscopic observations. The strength of coordination between Na(+) and oxygen atoms of 18C6 ligand does not depend on anionic part of the surfactant, as established by thermodynamical parameters obtained by temperature-dependent IR spectroscopy. Each of these complexes exhibit different kinds of endothermic transitions in heating scan. Diffraction maxima obtained by SAXS and WAXS, refer the behavior of the compounds 18C6-NaDS and 18C6-NaDBS as smectic liquid crystalline. Distortion of 18C6-NaDS and 18C6-KP complexes occurs in two steps. Temperature of the decomplexation of solid crystal complex 18C6-KP is considerably higher than of mesophase complexes, 18C6-NaDS, and 18C6-NaDBS. The structural and liquid crystalline properties of novel 18-crown-ether complexes are function of anionic molecule geometry, type of chosen cation (Na(+), K(+)), as well as architecture of self-organized aggregates. A good combination of crown ether unit and amphiphile may provide a possibility for preparing new functionalized materials, opening the research field of ion complexation and of host-guest type behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Mihelj
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, POB 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vlasta Tomašić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, POB 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Biliškov
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, POB 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Stroganov V, Ryabchun A, Bobrovsky A, Shibaev V. A Novel Type of Crown Ether-Containing Metal Ions Optical Sensors Based on Polymer-Stabilized Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Films. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:1875-81. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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