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Heravi MM, Zadsirjan V, Hamidi H, Daraie M, Momeni T. Recent applications of the Wittig reaction in alkaloid synthesis. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 84:201-334. [PMID: 32416953 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Wittig reaction is the chemical reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with a triphenyl phosphonium ylide (the Wittig reagent) to afford an alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide. Noteworthy, this reaction results in the synthesis of alkenes in a selective and predictable fashion. Thus, it became as one of the keystone of synthetic organic chemistry, especially in the total synthesis of natural products, where the selectivity of a reaction is paramount of importance. A literature survey disclosed the existence of vast numbers of related reports and comprehensive reviews on the applications of this important name reaction in the total synthesis of natural products. However, the aim of this chapter is to underscore, the applications of the Wittig reaction in the total synthesis of one the most important and prevalent classes of natural products, the alkaloids, especially those showing important and diverse biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Hamidi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Daraie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Momeni
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Chavan LN, Mainkar PS, Chandrasekhar S. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Tetrahydrofuran and 1,2-Dihydrobenzofuran Scaffolds. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lahu N. Chavan
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); 201 002 Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India
| | - Prathama S. Mainkar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); 201 002 Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India
| | - S. Chandrasekhar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); 201 002 Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India
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Yadav A, Srivastava A, Mobin SM, Samanta S. L-Proline-Catalyzed One-Pot Diastereoselective Synthesis of Cyclohexanols from β-Aryl-γ-nitroketones and α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes: A New Route to 2,3,4,6-Tetrasubstituted Phenols. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anubha Yadav
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Indore; 453552 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Anvita Srivastava
- Nanhi Pari Seemant Engineering Institute Pithoragarh; Uttarakhand 262501 India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Indore; 453552 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Sampak Samanta
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Indore; 453552 Madhya Pradesh India
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Brown C, Kong T, Britten JF, Werstiuk NH, McNulty J, D’Aiuto L, Demers M, Nimgaonkar VL. Asymmetric Entry into 10 b-aza-Analogues of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids Reveals a Pronounced Electronic Effect on Antiviral Activity. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11469-11476. [PMID: 30320263 PMCID: PMC6173499 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of a chiral pool-based synthesis of 10b-aza-analogues of biologically active Amaryllidaceae alkaloids is described, involving a concise reductive amination and condensation sequence, leading to ring-B/C-modified, fully functionalized ring-C derivatives. Differentiated anticancer and antiviral activities of these analogues are presented. Despite complete conformational and functional group overlap, the 10b-aza-analogues have diminished anticancer activity and no antiviral activity. These unprecedented electronic effects suggest a possible role for π-type secondary orbital interactions with the biological target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla
E. Brown
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Tiffany Kong
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - James F. Britten
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Nick H. Werstiuk
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - James McNulty
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Leonardo D’Aiuto
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, 3811
O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Matthew Demers
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, 3811
O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, 3811
O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Varró G, Hegedűs L, Simon A, Balogh A, Grün A, Leveles I, Vértessy BG, Kádas I. The First Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-trans-Dihydronarciclasine. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1909-1917. [PMID: 28581297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A feasible and enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-trans-dihydronarciclasine [(-)-1], a highly biologically active alkaloid, was devised starting from vanillin (8). The key step of this new synthesis was an asymmetric, organocatalytic Michael addition, in which an optically active nitropentanone [(-)-13] was obtained from a butenone derivative (12). Excellent enantioselectivity (>99% ee) was achieved using the (8S,9S)-9-amino(9-deoxy)epiquinine (16) organocatalyst. The target molecule can be prepared in 13 steps from compound (-)-13. The total synthesis has provided a facile and first access to the ent-form of naturally occurring (+)-trans-dihydronarciclasine, a highly potent cytostatic alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Varró
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hegedűs
- MTA-BME Organic Chemical Technology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Simon
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Balogh
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alajos Grün
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Leveles
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta G Vértessy
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Kádas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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Rana NK, Joshi H, Jha RK, Singh VK. Enantioselective Tandem Oxidation/Michael-Aldol Approaches to Tetrasubstituted Cyclohexanes. Chemistry 2017; 23:2040-2043. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal K. Rana
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal, M.P.- 462 066 India
| | - Harshit Joshi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur, U.P.- 208 016 India
| | - Rupesh K. Jha
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur, U.P.- 208 016 India
| | - Vinod K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal, M.P.- 462 066 India
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur, U.P.- 208 016 India
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Revu O, Zepeda-Velázquez C, Nielsen AJ, McNulty J, Yolken RH, Jones-Brando L. Total Synthesis of the Natural Product (+)-trans-Dihydronarciclasine via an Asymmetric Organocatalytic [3+3]-Cycloaddition and discovery of its potent anti-Zika Virus (ZIKV) Activity. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Revu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - Carlos Zepeda-Velázquez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - Alex J. Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - James McNulty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - Robert H. Yolken
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; 600 North Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Lorraine Jones-Brando
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; 600 North Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
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Diamond A, Desgagné-Penix I. Metabolic engineering for the production of plant isoquinoline alkaloids. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:1319-1328. [PMID: 26503307 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Several plant isoquinoline alkaloids (PIAs) possess powerful pharmaceutical and biotechnological properties. Thus, PIA metabolism and its fascinating molecules, including morphine, colchicine and galanthamine, have attracted the attention of both the industry and researchers involved in plant science, biochemistry, chemical bioengineering and medicine. Currently, access and availability of high-value PIAs [commercialized (e.g. galanthamine) or not (e.g. narciclasine)] is limited by low concentration in nature, lack of cultivation or geographic access, seasonal production and risk of overharvesting wild plant species. Nevertheless, most commercial PIAs are still extracted from plant sources. Efforts to improve the production of PIA have largely been impaired by the lack of knowledge on PIA metabolism. With the development and integration of next-generation sequencing technologies, high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics analyses and bioinformatics, systems biology was used to unravel metabolic pathways allowing the use of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches to increase production of valuable PIAs. Metabolic engineering provides opportunity to overcome issues related to restricted availability, diversification and productivity of plant alkaloids. Engineered plant, plant cells and microbial cell cultures can act as biofactories by offering their metabolic machinery for the purpose of optimizing the conditions and increasing the productivity of a specific alkaloid. In this article, is presented an update on the production of PIA in engineered plant, plant cell cultures and heterologous micro-organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Diamond
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Isabel Desgagné-Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Groupe de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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Coya E, Sotomayor N, Lete E. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Heck-Heck Cascade Reactions: Ready Access to the Tetracyclic Core of Lycorane Alkaloids. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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McNulty J, Zepeda-Velázquez C. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael/Aldol Sequence: Anticancer Natural Product (+)-trans-Dihydrolycoricidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8450-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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12
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McNulty J, Zepeda-Velázquez C. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael/Aldol Sequence: Anticancer Natural Product (+)-trans-Dihydrolycoricidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Griffen JA, Kenwright SJ, Abou-Shehada S, Wharry S, Moody TS, Lewis SE. Benzoate dioxygenase fromRalstonia eutrophaB9 – unusual regiochemistry of dihydroxylation permits rapid access to novel chirons. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3qo00057e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of benzoic acid by a microorganism expressing benzoate dioxygenase leads to the formation of an unusualipso,orthoarenecis-diol in sufficient quantities to be useful for synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Griffen
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down, UK
| | - Sarah J. Kenwright
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down, UK
| | - Sarah Abou-Shehada
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down, UK
| | - Scott Wharry
- Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry
- Almac Group Ltd
- Craigavon, UK
| | - Thomas S. Moody
- Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry
- Almac Group Ltd
- Craigavon, UK
| | - Simon E. Lewis
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down, UK
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Schrittwieser JH, Resch V. The role of biocatalysis in the asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids. RSC Adv 2013; 3:17602-17632. [PMID: 25580241 PMCID: PMC4285126 DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42123f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are not only one of the most intensively studied classes of natural products, their wide spectrum of pharmacological activities also makes them indispensable drug ingredients in both traditional and modern medicine. Among the methods for their production, biotechnological approaches are gaining importance, and biocatalysis has emerged as an essential tool in this context. A number of chemo-enzymatic strategies for alkaloid synthesis have been developed over the years, in which the biotransformations nowadays take an increasingly 'central' role. This review summarises different applications of biocatalysis in the asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids and discusses how recent developments and novel enzymes render innovative and efficient chemo-enzymatic production routes possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg H Schrittwieser
- Department of Biotechnology , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628 BL Delft , The Netherlands . ; ; ; Tel: +31 152 782683
| | - Verena Resch
- Department of Biotechnology , Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136 , 2628 BL Delft , The Netherlands . ; ; ; Tel: +31 152 782683
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Abstract
Covering: July 2010 to June 2012. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2011, 28, 1126-1142. Recent progress on the isolation, identification, biological activity and synthetic studies of structurally diverse alkaloids from plants of the family Amaryllidaceae is summarized in this review. In addition, the structurally related alkaloids isolated from Sceletium species are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Griffen JA, White JC, Kociok-Köhn G, Lloyd MD, Wells A, Arnot TC, Lewis SE. New aminocyclitols with quaternary stereocentres via acylnitroso cycloaddition with an ipso,ortho arene dihydrodiol. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gao N(Y, Ma X, Petit L, Schwartz BD, Banwell MG, Willis AC, Cade IA, Rae AD. Synthetic Studies Concerning the Crinine Alkaloid Haemultine. Aust J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/ch12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The racemic form, (±)-1, of the structure originally assigned to the crinine alkaloid haemultine has been prepared for the first time. A key step involved the conversion of compound (±)-4 into the isomeric cis-C3a-arylhexahydroindole (±)-3 using a Pd0-catalysed intramolecular Alder-ene reaction. The amino-alcohol (±)-2 derived from the latter compound reacted with paraformaldehyde in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid to give, via a Pictet–Spengler reaction, the target (±)-1. The diastereoisomeric Mosher esters 15 and 16 obtained by coupling the racemate (±)-1 with the R-form, 14, of the Mosher acid could be separated chromatographically and then reductively cleaved to give the enantiomerically pure compounds (+)-1 and (–)-1, respectively. The physical and spectroscopic data derived from the former enantiomer are consistent with the proposition that the title natural product is, in fact, a mixture of (+)-1 and its Δ2,3-double bond isomer.
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Ali Khan M, Mahon MF, Lowe JP, Stewart AJW, Lewis SE. Valuable New Cyclohexadiene Building Blocks from Cationic η5-Iron-Carbonyl Complexes Derived from a Microbial Arene Oxidation Product. Chemistry 2012; 18:13480-93. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Candito DA, Dobrovolsky D, Lautens M. Development of an intramolecular aryne ene reaction and application to the formal synthesis of (±)-crinine. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15572-80. [PMID: 22906167 DOI: 10.1021/ja306881u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A general and high yielding annulation strategy for the synthesis of various carbo- and heterocycles, based on an intramolecular aryne ene reaction is described. It was found that the geometry of the olefin is crucial to the success of the reaction, with exclusive migration of the trans-allylic-H taking place. Furthermore, the electronic nature of the aryne was found to be important to the success of the reaction. Deuterium labeling studies and DFT calculations provided insight into the reaction mechanism. The data suggests a concerted asynchronous transition state, resembling a nucleophilic attack on the aryne. This strategy was successfully applied to the formal synthesis of the ethanophenanthridine alkaloid (±)-crinine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Candito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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