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Reynard O, Jacquot F, Evanno G, Mai HL, Salama A, Martinet B, Duvaux O, Bach JM, Conchon S, Judor JP, Perota A, Lagutina I, Duchi R, Lazzari G, Le Berre L, Perreault H, Lheriteau E, Raoul H, Volchkov V, Galli C, Soulillou JP. Anti-EBOV GP IgGs Lacking α1-3-Galactose and Neu5Gc Prolong Survival and Decrease Blood Viral Load in EBOV-Infected Guinea Pigs. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156775. [PMID: 27280712 PMCID: PMC4900587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyclonal xenogenic IgGs, although having been used in the prevention and cure of severe infectious diseases, are highly immunogenic, which may restrict their usage in new applications such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever. IgG glycans display powerful xenogeneic antigens in humans, for example α1–3 Galactose and the glycolyl form of neuraminic acid Neu5Gc, and IgGs deprived of these key sugar epitopes may represent an advantage for passive immunotherapy. In this paper, we explored whether low immunogenicity IgGs had a protective effect on a guinea pig model of Ebola virus (EBOV) infection. For this purpose, a double knock-out pig lacking α1–3 Galactose and Neu5Gc was immunized against virus-like particles displaying surface EBOV glycoprotein GP. Following purification from serum, hyper-immune polyclonal IgGs were obtained, exhibiting an anti-EBOV GP titer of 1:100,000 and a virus neutralizing titer of 1:100. Guinea pigs were injected intramuscularly with purified IgGs on day 0 and day 3 post-EBOV infection. Compared to control animals treated with IgGs from non-immunized double KO pigs, the anti-EBOV IgGs-treated animals exhibited a significantly prolonged survival and a decreased virus load in blood on day 3. The data obtained indicated that IgGs lacking α1–3 Galactose and Neu5Gc, two highly immunogenic epitopes in humans, have a protective effect upon EBOV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Reynard
- Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity, CIRI, INSERM U1111—CNRS UMR5308, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Hoa Le Mai
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Bernard Martinet
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Jean-Marie Bach
- Xenothera, Nantes, France
- IECM, EA4644 Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, USC1383 INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Conchon
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Judor
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Andrea Perota
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Irina Lagutina
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Roberto Duchi
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
- Avantea Foundation, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ludmilla Le Berre
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Hervé Raoul
- Inserm-Jean Mérieux BSL4 Laboratory, US003 Inserm, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
| | - Viktor Volchkov
- Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity, CIRI, INSERM U1111—CNRS UMR5308, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
- Avantea Foundation, Cremona, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
| | - Jean-Paul Soulillou
- Xenothera, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
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Campoli M, Ferris R, Ferrone S, Wang X. Immunotherapy of malignant disease with tumor antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:11-20. [PMID: 20028761 PMCID: PMC2802861 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A few tumor antigen (TA)-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of several major malignant diseases and are commercially available. Once in the clinic, mAbs have an average success rate of approximately 30% and are well tolerated. These results have changed the face of cancer therapy, bringing us closer to more specific and more effective biological therapy of cancer. The challenge facing tumor immunologists at present is represented by the identification of the mechanism(s) underlying the patients' differential clinical response to mAb-based immunotherapy. This information is expected to lead to the development of criteria to select patients to be treated with mAb-based immunotherapy. In the past, in vitro and in vivo evidence has shown that TA-specific mAbs can mediate their therapeutic effect by inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting the targeted antigen function, blocking tumor cell signaling, and/or mediating complement- or cell-dependent lysis of tumor cells. More recent evidence suggests that TA-specific mAb can induce TA-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses by enhancing TA uptake by dendritic cells and cross-priming of T cells. In this review, we briefly summarize the TA-specific mAbs that have received Food and Drug Administration approval. Next, we review the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of TA-specific mAbs with emphasis on the induction of TA-specific cellular immune responses and their potential to contribute to the clinical efficacy of TA-specific mAb-based immunotherapy. Lastly, we discuss the potential negative effect of immune escape mechanisms on the clinical efficacy of TA-specific mAb-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Campoli
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Cancer stem cell-directed therapies: recent data from the laboratory and clinic. Mol Ther 2008; 17:219-30. [PMID: 19066601 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2008.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined by their ability to (i) fully recapitulate the tumor of origin when transplanted into immunodeficient mouse hosts, and (ii) self-renew, demonstrated by their ability to be serially transplanted. These properties suggest that CSCs are required for tumor maintenance and metastasis; thus, it has been predicted that CSC elimination is required for cure. This prediction has profoundly altered paradigms for cancer research, compelling investigators to prospectively isolate CSCs to characterize the molecular pathways regulating their behavior. Many potential strategies for CSC-directed therapy have been proposed, but few studies have rigorously demonstrated their efficacy using in vivo models. Herein, we highlight recent studies that demonstrate the utility of CSC-directed therapies and discuss the implications of the CSC hypothesis to experimental design and therapeutic strategies.
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