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Hildebrandt TB, Holtze S, Colleoni S, Hermes R, Stejskal J, Lekolool I, Ndeereh D, Omondi P, Kariuki L, Mijele D, Mutisya S, Ngulu S, Diecke S, Hayashi K, Lazzari G, de Mori B, Biasetti P, Quaggio A, Galli C, Goeritz F. In vitro fertilization program in white rhinoceros. Reproduction 2023; 166:383-399. [PMID: 37877686 PMCID: PMC10620463 DOI: 10.1530/rep-23-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In brief To save endangered rhinoceros species, assisted reproductive technologies are warranted. We here report in vitro blastocyst generation of the Near-Threatened Southern white rhinoceros and, for the first time, also of the technically Extinct Northern white rhinoceros. Abstract The Anthropocene is marked by a dramatic biodiversity decline, particularly affecting the family Rhinocerotidae. Three of five extant species are listed as Critically Endangered (Sumatran, Javan, black rhinoceros), one as Vulnerable (Indian rhinoceros), and only one white rhino (WR) subspecies, the Southern white rhinoceros (SWR), after more than a century of successful protection is currently classified as Near Threatened by the IUCN, while numbers again are declining. Conversely, in 2008, the SWR's northern counterpart and second WR subspecies, the Northern white rhinoceros (NWR), was declared extinct in the wild. Safeguarding these vanishing keystone species urgently requires new reproductive strategies. We here assess one such strategy, the novel in vitro fertilization program in SWR and - for the first-time NWR - regarding health effects, donor-related, and procedural factors. Over the past 8 years, we performed 65 procedures in 22 white rhinoceros females (20 SWR and 2 NWR) comprising hormonal ovarian stimulation, ovum pick-up (OPU), in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, embryo culture, and blastocyst cryopreservation, at an efficiency of 1.0 ± 1.3 blastocysts per OPU, generating 22 NWR, 19 SWR and 10 SWR/NWR hybrid blastocysts for the future generation of live offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bernd Hildebrandt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) in the Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, Reproduction Management, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße, Berlin, Germany
- Freie Universitat Berlin, Veterinary Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) in the Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, Reproduction Management, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- AVANTEA, Laboratorio di Tecnologie della Riproduzione, Lombardy, Cremona, Italy
| | - Robert Hermes
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) in the Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, Reproduction Management, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Stejskal
- ZOO Dvůr Králové, Communication and International Projects, Štefánikova, Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Isaac Lekolool
- Kenya Wildlife Service, Veterinary and Capture Services, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David Ndeereh
- Wildlife Training and Research Institute, Nakuru County, Naivasha, Kenya
| | - Patrick Omondi
- Kenya Wildlife Service, Veterinary and Capture Services, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Linus Kariuki
- Kenya Wildlife Service, Veterinary and Capture Services, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Domnic Mijele
- Kenya Wildlife Service, Veterinary and Capture Services, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Samuel Mutisya
- Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Conservation Laikipia, Nanyuki, Kenya
| | - Stephen Ngulu
- Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Conservation Laikipia, Nanyuki, Kenya
| | - Sebastian Diecke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- AVANTEA, Laboratorio di Tecnologie della Riproduzione, Lombardy, Cremona, Italy
| | - Barbara de Mori
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy
- Universita degli Studi di Padova, Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, Veneto, Padova, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Biasetti
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) in the Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, Reproduction Management, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße, Berlin, Germany
- Universita degli Studi di Padova, Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, Veneto, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Quaggio
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) in the Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, Reproduction Management, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cesare Galli
- AVANTEA, Laboratorio di Tecnologie della Riproduzione, Lombardy, Cremona, Italy
- Fondazione Avantea, Riproduzione Cremona, Lombardy, Cremona, Italy
| | - Frank Goeritz
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) in the Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, Reproduction Management, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße, Berlin, Germany
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Lazzari G, Münger A, Eggerschwiler L, Borda-Molina D, Seifert J, Camarinha-Silva A, Schrade S, Zähner M, Zeyer K, Kreuzer M, Dohme-Meier F. Effects of Acacia mearnsii added to silages differing in nutrient composition and condensed tannins on ruminal and manure-derived methane emissions of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6816-6833. [PMID: 37500448 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of acacia (extract of Acacia mearnsii) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) as condensed tannin (CT)-rich sources on ruminal and manure methane (CH4) emissions in comparison with non-CT silages characterized by different contents of the cell wall and water-soluble carbohydrates. In a 3 × 6 incomplete Latin square design, 30 Holstein cows (63 ± 23 d in milk; mean ± SD; 33.8 ± 7.6 kg of milk per day, body weight 642 ± 81 kg) were provided with ad libitum access to 1 of 6 total mixed rations comprising 790 g of silage and 210 g of concentrate per kilogram of dry matter (DM). The silages were either rich in sainfoin [neutral detergent fiber (NDF): 349 g/kg of DM], perennial ryegrass (NDF: 420 g/kg of DM), or red clover (NDF: 357 g/kg of DM). Each silage was supplemented with 20 g/kg (of total diet DM) of acacia or straw meal. Feed intake and milk yield were recorded daily. Milk composition and ruminal fluid characteristics and microbiota were analyzed. The individual ruminal CH4 production was determined using the GreenFeed system, and CH4 emissions from the manure of cows fed the same diets were measured in a parallel experiment over 30 d at 25°C using a dynamic flux chamber. The CT sources did not reduce CH4 yield or emission intensity. Acacia reduced milk production (from 26.3 to 23.2 kg/d) and DM intake (from 19.7 to 16.7 kg/d) when supplemented with ryegrass, and both CT sources reduced the milk protein content and yield. Acacia supplementation and ryegrass silage reduced the ruminal acetate:propionate ratio. Furthermore, during acacia treatment, the abundance of Methanobrevibacter archaea tended to be lower and that of Thermoplasmata was higher. Acacia reduced the CH4 emissions from manure for the ryegrass group by 17% but not for the sainfoin and clover groups. Feeding sainfoin silage resulted in the lowest manure-derived CH4 emissions (-47% compared with ryegrass). In conclusion, acacia reduced ruminal CH4 production by 10%, but not emission intensity, and the mitigation effect of sainfoin depended on the silage to which it was compared. Because mitigation was partially associated with animal productivity losses, careful evaluation is required before the implementation of tanniferous feeds in farm practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lazzari
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux and 8356 Ettenhausen, Switzerland; ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8315 Lindau, Switzerland
| | - A Münger
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux and 8356 Ettenhausen, Switzerland
| | - L Eggerschwiler
- Research Contracts Animals, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland
| | - D Borda-Molina
- Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Seifert
- Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A Camarinha-Silva
- Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - S Schrade
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux and 8356 Ettenhausen, Switzerland
| | - M Zähner
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux and 8356 Ettenhausen, Switzerland
| | - K Zeyer
- Empa, Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - M Kreuzer
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8315 Lindau, Switzerland
| | - F Dohme-Meier
- Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, 1725 Posieux and 8356 Ettenhausen, Switzerland.
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Lázaro J, Costanzo M, Sanaki-Matsumiya M, Girardot C, Hayashi M, Hayashi K, Diecke S, Hildebrandt TB, Lazzari G, Wu J, Petkov S, Behr R, Trivedi V, Matsuda M, Ebisuya M. A stem cell zoo uncovers intracellular scaling of developmental tempo across mammals. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:938-949.e7. [PMID: 37343565 PMCID: PMC10321541 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Differential speeds in biochemical reactions have been proposed to be responsible for the differences in developmental tempo between mice and humans. However, the underlying mechanism controlling the species-specific kinetics remains to be determined. Using in vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells, we recapitulated the segmentation clocks of diverse mammalian species varying in body weight and taxa: marmoset, rabbit, cattle, and rhinoceros. Together with mouse and human, the segmentation clock periods of the six species did not scale with the animal body weight, but with the embryogenesis length. The biochemical kinetics of the core clock gene HES7 displayed clear scaling with the species-specific segmentation clock period. However, the cellular metabolic rates did not show an evident correlation. Instead, genes involving biochemical reactions showed an expression pattern that scales with the segmentation clock period. Altogether, our stem cell zoo uncovered general scaling laws governing species-specific developmental tempo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lázaro
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Costanzo
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Sanaki-Matsumiya
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charles Girardot
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Masafumi Hayashi
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sebastian Diecke
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Stoyan Petkov
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Behr
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vikas Trivedi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mitsuhiro Matsuda
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miki Ebisuya
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Umair M, Scheeren VFDC, Beitsma MM, Colleoni S, Galli C, Lazzari G, de Ruijter-Villani M, Stout TAE, Claes A. In Vitro-Produced Equine Blastocysts Exhibit Greater Dispersal and Intermingling of Inner Cell Mass Cells than In Vivo Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119619. [PMID: 37298570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro production (IVP) of equine embryos is increasingly popular in clinical practice but suffers from higher incidences of early embryonic loss and monozygotic twin development than transfer of in vivo derived (IVD) embryos. Early embryo development is classically characterized by two cell fate decisions: (1) first, trophectoderm (TE) cells differentiate from inner cell mass (ICM); (2) second, the ICM segregates into epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PE). This study examined the influence of embryo type (IVD versus IVP), developmental stage or speed, and culture environment (in vitro versus in vivo) on the expression of the cell lineage markers, CDX-2 (TE), SOX-2 (EPI) and GATA-6 (PE). The numbers and distribution of cells expressing the three lineage markers were evaluated in day 7 IVD early blastocysts (n = 3) and blastocysts (n = 3), and in IVP embryos first identified as blastocysts after 7 (fast development, n = 5) or 9 (slow development, n = 9) days. Furthermore, day 7 IVP blastocysts were examined after additional culture for 2 days either in vitro (n = 5) or in vivo (after transfer into recipient mares, n = 3). In IVD early blastocysts, SOX-2 positive cells were encircled by GATA-6 positive cells in the ICM, with SOX-2 co-expression in some presumed PE cells. In IVD blastocysts, SOX-2 expression was exclusive to the compacted presumptive EPI, while GATA-6 and CDX-2 expression were consistent with PE and TE specification, respectively. In IVP blastocysts, SOX-2 and GATA-6 positive cells were intermingled and relatively dispersed, and co-expression of SOX-2 or GATA-6 was evident in some CDX-2 positive TE cells. IVP blastocysts had lower TE and total cell numbers than IVD blastocysts and displayed larger mean inter-EPI cell distances; these features were more pronounced in slower-developing IVP blastocysts. Transferring IVP blastocysts into recipient mares led to the compaction of SOX-2 positive cells into a presumptive EPI, whereas extended in vitro culture did not. In conclusion, IVP equine embryos have a poorly compacted ICM with intermingled EPI and PE cells; features accentuated in slowly developing embryos but remedied by transfer to a recipient mare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mabel M Beitsma
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea srl, Via Porcellasco 7/F, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | | | - Marta de Ruijter-Villani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom A E Stout
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony Claes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Hayashi M, Zywitza V, Naitou Y, Hamazaki N, Goeritz F, Hermes R, Holtze S, Lazzari G, Galli C, Stejskal J, Diecke S, Hildebrandt TB, Hayashi K. Robust induction of primordial germ cells of white rhinoceros on the brink of extinction. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabp9683. [PMID: 36490332 PMCID: PMC9733929 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In vitro gametogenesis, the process of generating gametes from pluripotent cells in culture, is a powerful tool for improving our understanding of germ cell development and an alternative source of gametes. Here, we induced primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) from pluripotent stem cells of the northern white rhinoceros (NWR), a species for which only two females remain, and southern white rhinoceros (SWR), the closest species to the NWR. PGCLC differentiation from SWR embryonic stem cells is highly reliant on bone morphogenetic protein and WNT signals. Genetic analysis revealed that SRY-box transcription factor 17 (SOX17) is essential for SWR-PGCLC induction. Under the defined condition, NWR induced pluripotent stem cells differentiated into PGCLCs. We also identified cell surface markers, CD9 and Integrin subunit alpha 6 (ITGA6), that enabled us to isolate PGCLCs without genetic alteration in pluripotent stem cells. This study provides a first step toward the production of NWR gametes in culture and understanding of the basic mechanism of primordial germ cell specification in a large animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Hayashi
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Vera Zywitza
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Yuki Naitou
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hamazaki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Frank Goeritz
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin 10315, Germany
| | - Robert Hermes
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin 10315, Germany
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin 10315, Germany
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona 26100, Italy
- Fondazione Avantea, Cremona 26100, Italy
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona 26100, Italy
- Fondazione Avantea, Cremona 26100, Italy
| | - Jan Stejskal
- ZOO Dvůr Králové, Dvůr Králové nad Labem 54401, Czech Republic
| | - Sebastian Diecke
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Thomas B. Hildebrandt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin 10315, Germany
- Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin D-14195, Germany
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Biasetti P, Hildebrandt TB, Göritz F, Hermes R, Holtze S, Galli C, Lazzari G, Colleoni S, Pollastri I, Spiriti MM, Stejskal J, Seet S, Zwilling J, Ngulu S, Mutisya S, Kariuki L, Lokolool I, Omondo P, Ndeereh D, de Mori B. Ethical Analysis of the Application of Assisted Reproduction Technologies in Biodiversity Conservation and the Case of White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) Ovum Pick-Up Procedures. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:831675. [PMID: 35591869 PMCID: PMC9113018 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.831675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Originally applied on domestic and lab animals, assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) have also found application in conservation breeding programs, where they can make the genetic management of populations more efficient, and increase the number of individuals per generation. However, their application in wildlife conservation opens up new ethical scenarios that have not yet been fully explored. This study presents a frame for the ethical analysis of the application of ART procedures in conservation based on the Ethical Matrix (EM), and discusses a specific case study—ovum pick-up (OPU) procedures performed in the current conservation efforts for the northern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni)—providing a template for the assessment of ART procedures in projects involving other endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Biasetti
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pierfrancesco Biasetti
| | - Thomas B. Hildebrandt
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany
- Thomas B. Hildebrandt
| | - Frank Göritz
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Hermes
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pollastri
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Maria Michela Spiriti
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Jan Stejskal
- ZOO Dvůr Králové, Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czechia
| | - Steven Seet
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Zwilling
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Barbara de Mori
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
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Lazzari G, D'Alessandro A, Cannalire F, Cramarossa M, D'Andria R, Marangi G, Melucci G, Pisconti S, Silvano G. PO-1224 The radiation oncologist’s relevance in the Breast Unit team up-front discussion: our experience. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zywitza V, Rusha E, Shaposhnikov D, Ruiz-Orera J, Telugu N, Rishko V, Hayashi M, Michel G, Wittler L, Stejskal J, Holtze S, Göritz F, Hermes R, Wang J, Izsvák Z, Colleoni S, Lazzari G, Galli C, Hildebrandt TB, Hayashi K, Diecke S, Drukker M. Naïve-like pluripotency to pave the way for saving the northern white rhinoceros from extinction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3100. [PMID: 35260583 PMCID: PMC8904600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07059-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The northern white rhinoceros (NWR) is probably the earth’s most endangered mammal. To rescue the functionally extinct species, we aim to employ induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate gametes and subsequently embryos in vitro. To elucidate the regulation of pluripotency and differentiation of NWR PSCs, we generated iPSCs from a deceased NWR female using episomal reprogramming, and observed surprising similarities to human PSCs. NWR iPSCs exhibit a broad differentiation potency into the three germ layers and trophoblast, and acquire a naïve-like state of pluripotency, which is pivotal to differentiate PSCs into primordial germ cells (PGCs). Naïve culturing conditions induced a similar expression profile of pluripotency related genes in NWR iPSCs and human ESCs. Furthermore, naïve-like NWR iPSCs displayed increased expression of naïve and PGC marker genes, and a higher integration propensity into developing mouse embryos. As the conversion process was aided by ectopic BCL2 expression, and we observed integration of reprogramming factors, the NWR iPSCs presented here are unsuitable for gamete production. However, the gained insights into the developmental potential of both primed and naïve-like NWR iPSCs are fundamental for in future PGC-specification in order to rescue the species from extinction using cryopreserved somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Zywitza
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ejona Rusha
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dmitry Shaposhnikov
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Orera
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Narasimha Telugu
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valentyna Rishko
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Masafumi Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Geert Michel
- FEMTransgenic Technologies, Charité, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Wittler
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Stejskal
- ZOO Dvůr Králové, Štefánikova 1029, 544 01, Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Göritz
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Hermes
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jichang Wang
- Mobile DNA, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Izsvák
- Mobile DNA, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, 26100, Cremona, Italy.,Fondazione Avantea, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Cesare Galli
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, 26100, Cremona, Italy.,Fondazione Avantea, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Thomas B Hildebrandt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sebastian Diecke
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Micha Drukker
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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9
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Itta F, Bruno A, Becci D, Ciraci C, De Zisa M, Verdolino E, Terlizzi A, Leo M, Lazzari G, Silvano G, Mola D. Accounting for skin flashing in tomotherapy breast cancer treatment planning via organ motion based robust optimization: a feasibility study. Phys Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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10
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Barandalla M, Colleoni S, Duchi R, Benedetti M, Perota A, Galli C, Lazzari G. 73 Preimplantation genetic diagnosis of glycogen branching enzyme deficiency and sex determination in equine in vitro-produced embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:272-273. [PMID: 35231329 DOI: 10.1071/rdv34n2ab73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Barandalla
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - S Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - R Duchi
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - M Benedetti
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - A Perota
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - C Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - G Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
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11
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Lazzari G, Colleoni S, Barandalla M, Benedetti M, Duchi R, Galli C. 57 Influence of donor mare age on pre- and postimplanation embryo development within an equine ovum pick-up-intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (OPU-ICSI-ET) program over a three-year period. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:264. [PMID: 35231312 DOI: 10.1071/rdv34n2ab57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - S Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - M Barandalla
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - M Benedetti
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - R Duchi
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - C Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
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12
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Lazzari G, Becci D, Bruno A, Verdolino E, Itta F, Mola D, Silvano G. PO-1716 Neoprene wet suit hood bolus in total scalp helical tomotherapy: does it work? Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Galli C, Lazzari G. 25th ANNIVERSARY OF CLONING BY SOMATIC-CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER: Current applications of SCNT in advanced breeding and genome editing in livestock. Reproduction 2021; 162:F23-F32. [PMID: 33852430 DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCNT (somatic cell nuclear transfer) has complemented the toolbox of ARTs offering yet another technique to reproduce animals in an unprecedented way. Despite remarkable achievements, SCNT suffers low efficiency, high pregnancy losses and higher than normal stillbirth rates that makes it an expensive technique to reproduce animals. Moreover, due to welfare issues associated with gestation and the newborn offspring, it is banned in some countries. It has become evident that these problems are of epigenetic nature associated with incomplete genome reprogramming, observed more frequently in ruminants and less often and of minor degree in pigs and horses. Genome editing is enormously benefiting from SCNT to turn genome edited cells into animals, even if zygote microinjection of CRISPR/Cas9 will become an alternative route in some occasions. SCNT will also be a route to reprogram somatic cell to pluripotency since bona fide iPSC in livestock are missing while embryonic stem cells have been now established. This opens the way to other technologies like the development of artificial gametes or interspecies nuclear transfer. To strengthen its commercial applications, SCNT will face three major challenges, that is, intellectual property (extremely unclear in genome editing), regulatory approval by the relevant authorities of the resuting potential products and finally, acceptance by the public who will eventually decide with its behavior the life or the death of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Galli
- Avantea and Fondazione Avantea Onlus, Cremona, Italy
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14
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de Mori B, Spiriti MM, Pollastri I, Normando S, Biasetti P, Florio D, Andreucci F, Colleoni S, Galli C, Göritz F, Hermes R, Holtze S, Lazzari G, Seet S, Zwilling J, Stejskal J, Mutisya S, Ndeereh D, Ngulu S, Vigne R, Hildebrandt TB. An Ethical Assessment Tool (ETHAS) to Evaluate the Application of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Mammals' Conservation: The Case of the Northern White Rhinoceros ( Ceratotherium simum cottoni). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:312. [PMID: 33530613 PMCID: PMC7911958 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) can make a difference in biodiversity conservation. Their application, however, can create risks and raise ethical issues that need addressing. Unfortunately, there is a lack of attention to the topic in the scientific literature and, to our knowledge, there is no tool for the ethical assessment of ARTs in the context of conservation that has been described. This paper reports the first applications of the Ethical Assessment Tool (ETHAS) to trans-rectal ovum pick-up (OPU) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures used in a northern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni) conservation project. The ETHAS consists of two checklists, the Ethical Evaluation Sheet and the Ethical Risk Assessment, and is specifically customized for each ART procedure. It provides an integrated, multilevel and standardized self-assessment of the procedure under scrutiny, generating an ethical acceptability ranking (totally, partially, not acceptable) and a risk rank (low, medium, high), and, hence, allows for implementing measures to address or manage issues beforehand. The application of the ETHAS to the procedures performed on the northern white rhinoceros was effective in ensuring a high standard of procedures, contributing to the acceptability and improved communication among the project's partners. In turn, the tool itself was also refined through an iterative consultation process between experts and stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara de Mori
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (M.M.S.); (I.P.)
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (D.F.); (F.A.)
| | - Maria Michela Spiriti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (M.M.S.); (I.P.)
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (D.F.); (F.A.)
| | - Ilaria Pollastri
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (M.M.S.); (I.P.)
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (D.F.); (F.A.)
| | - Simona Normando
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (M.M.S.); (I.P.)
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (D.F.); (F.A.)
| | - Pierfrancesco Biasetti
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (D.F.); (F.A.)
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany; (F.G.); (R.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Daniela Florio
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (D.F.); (F.A.)
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Andreucci
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation and Animal Welfare, University of Padua, 35020 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (D.F.); (F.A.)
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.L.)
- Avantea Foundation, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Frank Göritz
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany; (F.G.); (R.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Robert Hermes
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany; (F.G.); (R.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany; (F.G.); (R.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.L.)
- Avantea Foundation, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Steven Seet
- Science Communication, Science Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany; (S.S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jan Zwilling
- Science Communication, Science Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany; (S.S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jan Stejskal
- ZOO Dvůr Králové, 54401 Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czech Republic;
| | - Samuel Mutisya
- Ol Pejeta Wildlife Conservancy, Nanyuki 10400, Kenya; (S.M.); (S.N.); (R.V.)
| | | | - Stephen Ngulu
- Ol Pejeta Wildlife Conservancy, Nanyuki 10400, Kenya; (S.M.); (S.N.); (R.V.)
| | - Richard Vigne
- Ol Pejeta Wildlife Conservancy, Nanyuki 10400, Kenya; (S.M.); (S.N.); (R.V.)
| | - Thomas B. Hildebrandt
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315 Berlin, Germany; (F.G.); (R.H.); (S.H.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Hildebrandt TB, Holtze S, Biasetti P, Colleoni S, de Mori B, Diecke S, Göritz F, Hayashi K, Hayashi M, Hermes R, Kariuki L, Lazzari G, Mijele D, Mutisya S, Ndeereh D, Ngulu S, Seet S, Zwilling J, Zywitza V, Stejskal J, Galli C. Conservation Research in Times of COVID-19 – The Rescue of the Northern White Rhino. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/25889567-bja10009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
COVID-19 has changed the world at unprecedented pace. The measures imposed by governments across the globe for containing the pandemic have severely affected all facets of economy and society, including scientific progress. Сonservation research has not been exempt from these negative effects, which we here summarize for the BioRescue project, aiming at saving the northern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni), an important Central African keystone species, of which only two female individuals are left. The development of advanced assisted reproduction and stem-cell technologies to achieve this goal involves experts across five continents. Maintaining international collaborations under conditions of national shut-down and travel restrictions poses major challenges. The associated ethical implications and consequences are particularly troublesome when it comes to research directed at protecting biological diversity – all the more in the light of increasing evidence that biodiversity and intact ecological habitats might limit the spread of novel pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B. Hildebrandt
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin D-14195, Berlin Germany
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin Germany
| | - Pierfrancesco Biasetti
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin Germany
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, Università degli Studi di Padova 35020 Padova Italy
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies 26100, Cremona Italy
- Fondazione Avantea 26100, Cremona Italy
| | - Barbara de Mori
- Ethics Laboratory for Veterinary Medicine, Conservation, and Animal Welfare, Università degli Studi di Padova 35020 Padova Italy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Università degli Studi di Padova 35020 Padova Italy
| | - Sebastian Diecke
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092 Berlin Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178 Berlin Germany
| | - Frank Göritz
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin Germany
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka, 812-0054 Japan
| | - Masafumi Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka, 812-0054 Japan
| | - Robert Hermes
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies 26100, Cremona Italy
- Fondazione Avantea 26100, Cremona Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Steven Seet
- Science Management, Public Relations, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Zwilling
- Science Management, Public Relations, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin Germany
| | - Vera Zywitza
- Technology Platform Pluripotent Stem Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092 Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Stejskal
- Zoo Dvůr Králové Štefánikova 1029, 544 01, Dvůr Králové nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies 26100, Cremona Italy
- Fondazione Avantea 26100, Cremona Italy
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16
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Claes A, Cuervo-Arango J, Colleoni S, Lazzari G, Galli C, Stout TA. Speed of in vitro embryo development affects the likelihood of foaling and the foal sex ratio. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:468-473. [PMID: 32172777 DOI: 10.1071/rd19298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of invitro embryo production (IVEP) in horses has increased considerably during recent years, but little is known about the effect of the speed of invitro embryo development. Blastocysts (n=390) were produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection of IVM oocytes from warmblood mares, cryopreserved, thawed and transferred into recipient mares on Days 3, 4, 5 or 6 after ovulation. The time required for invitro-produced (IVP) embryos to reach the blastocyst stage was recorded (Day 7 vs Day 8). The likelihood of foaling was affected by the speed of invitro embryo development and recipient day after ovulation at transfer. The odds ratio for foaling was ~0.63 for transfer of Day 8 (46%) compared with Day 7 (56%) IVP blastocysts. The highest likelihood of pregnancy (72%) and foaling (60%) was observed when IVP blastocysts were transferred to recipient mares on Day 4 after ovulation. Finally, the sex (colt:filly) ratio was higher after transfer of Day 7 (71%:29%) than Day 8 (54%:46%) IVP blastocysts, suggesting that the speed of embryo development is sex dependent. In conclusion, the speed of invitro embryo development in our IVEP system affects the likelihood of foaling and the sex of the foal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Claes
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Corresponding author.
| | - J Cuervo-Arango
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco, 7/F, 26100 Cremona CR, Italy
| | - G Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco, 7/F, 26100 Cremona CR, Italy; and Fondazione Avantea, Via Cabrini, 12 26100 Cremona CR, Italy
| | - C Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco, 7/F, 26100 Cremona CR, Italy; and Fondazione Avantea, Via Cabrini, 12 26100 Cremona CR, Italy
| | - T A Stout
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Lazzari G, Terlizzi A, Leo M, Silvano G. PD-0294: Hypothyroidism in IMRT-VMAT breast cancer supraclavicular radiotherapy : a retrospective study. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Lazzari G, Monis M, Porrazzo G, Clarizio M, Becci D, Bruno A, De Zisa G, Mola D, Silvano G. PO-1492: VMAT modalities scenarios in ESTRO-ACROP consensus guidelines postmastectomy implants radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Lodde V, Colleoni S, Tessaro I, Corbani D, Lazzari G, Luciano AM, Galli C, Franciosi F. A prematuration approach to equine IVM: considering cumulus morphology, seasonality, follicle of origin, gap junction coupling and large-scale chromatin configuration in the germinal vesicle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 31:1793-1804. [PMID: 31630726 DOI: 10.1071/rd19230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies report that a two-step culture where mammalian oocytes are first kept under meiosis-arresting conditions (prematuration) followed by IVM is beneficial to embryo development. The most promising results were obtained by stratifying the oocyte population using morphological criteria and allocating them to different culture conditions to best meet their metabolic needs. In this study, horse oocytes were characterised to identify subpopulations that may benefit from prematuration. We investigated gap-junction (GJ) coupling, large-scale chromatin configuration and meiotic competence in compact and expanded cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) according to follicle size (<1, 1-2, >2cm) and season. Then we tested the effect of cilostamide-based prematuration in compact COCs collected from follicles <1 and 1-2cm in diameter on embryo development. Meiotic competence was not affected by prematuration, whereas COCs from follicles 1-2cm in diameter yielded embryos with a higher number of cells per blastocyst than oocytes that underwent direct IVM (P<0.01, unpaired Mann-Whitney test), suggesting improved developmental competence. Oocytes collected from follicles <1cm in diameter were not affected by prematuration. This study represents an extensive characterisation of the functional properties of immature horse oocytes and is the first report of the effects of cilostamide-based prematuration in horse oocyte IVM on embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lodde
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare 'Carlo Cantoni', Reproductive and Developmental Biology Lab, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, Cremona, Via Porcellasco, 7f 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Irene Tessaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare 'Carlo Cantoni', Reproductive and Developmental Biology Lab, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Corbani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare 'Carlo Cantoni', Reproductive and Developmental Biology Lab, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, Cremona, Via Porcellasco, 7f 26100 Cremona, Italy; and Fondazione Avantea, Via Porcellasco, 7f 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Alberto M Luciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare 'Carlo Cantoni', Reproductive and Developmental Biology Lab, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cesare Galli
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, Cremona, Via Porcellasco, 7f 26100 Cremona, Italy; and Fondazione Avantea, Via Porcellasco, 7f 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Federica Franciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare 'Carlo Cantoni', Reproductive and Developmental Biology Lab, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano, Italy; and Corresponding author.
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Barandalla M, Benedetti M, Colleoni S, Perota A, Galli C, Lazzari G. Genetic diagnosis of Warmblood Fragile Foal Syndrome in equine in vitro produced preimplantation embryos. J Equine Vet Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Lazzari G, Colleoni S, Crotti G, Turini P, Fiorini G, Barandalla M, Landriscina L, Dolci G, Benedetti M, Duchi R, Galli C. Laboratory Production of Equine Embryos. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 89:103097. [PMID: 32563445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Assisted reproduction technologies (ART) are well developed in humans and cattle and are gaining momentum also in the equine industry because of the fact that the mare does not respond to superovulation but can donate large numbers of oocytes through ovum pick up (OPU). After collection, the oocytes can be fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using a variety of stallion semen samples, even of poor quality, and the resulting embryos can establish high pregnancy rates after cryopreservation and transfer. The discoveries that equine oocytes can be held at room temperature without loss of viability and that an increase in vitro maturation time can double the number of embryos produced are fueling the uptake of the OPU technique by several clinics that are shipping oocytes of their client's mares to specialized ICSI laboratories for embryo production and freezing. In this article, we present a retrospective analysis of 10 years of work at Avantea with a special focus on the last 3 years. Based on our data, an average production of 1.7 to 2 embryos per OPU-ICSI procedure can be obtained from warmblood donor mares with a pregnancy rate of 70% and a foaling rate in excess of 50%. OPU-ICSI offers the added value of freezing embryos that allows the development of embryo commercialization worldwide to the benefit of top horse breeders who are endorsing this technology as never before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Cremona, Italy; Fondazione Avantea Onlus, Cremona, Italy; Equigea, Ocala, FL.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Cremona, Italy; Fondazione Avantea Onlus, Cremona, Italy; Equigea, Ocala, FL
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22
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Perota A, Lagutina I, Duchi R, Zanfrini E, Lazzari G, Judor JP, Conchon S, Bach JM, Bottio T, Gerosa G, Costa C, Galiñanes M, Roussel JC, Padler-Karavani V, Cozzi E, Soulillou JP, Galli C. Generation of cattle knockout for galactose-α1,3-galactose and N-glycolylneuraminic acid antigens. Xenotransplantation 2019; 26:e12524. [PMID: 31115108 PMCID: PMC6852128 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Two well‐characterized carbohydrate epitopes are absent in humans but present in other mammals. These are galactose‐α1,3‐galactose (αGal) and N‐glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) which are introduced by the activities of two enzymes including α(1,3) galactosyltransferase (encoded by the GGTA1 gene) and CMP‐Neu5Gc hydroxylase (encoded by the CMAH gene) that are inactive in humans but present in cattle. Hence, bovine‐derived products are antigenic in humans who receive bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) or those that suffer from red meat syndrome. Using programmable nucleases, we disrupted (knockout, KO) GGTA1 and CMAH genes encoding for the enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of αGal and Neu5Gc, respectively, in both male and female bovine fibroblasts. The KO in clonally selected fibroblasts was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Selected fibroblasts colonies were used for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to produce cloned embryos that were implanted in surrogate recipient heifers. Fifty‐three embryos were implanted in 33 recipients heifers; 3 pregnancies were carried to term and delivered 3 live calves. Primary cell cultures were established from the 3 calves and following molecular analyses confirmed the genetic deletions. FACS analysis showed the double‐KO phenotype for both antigens confirming the mutated genotypes. Availability of such cattle double‐KO model lacking both αGal and Neu5Gc offers a unique opportunity to study the functionality of BHV manufactured with tissues of potentially lower immunogenicity, as well as a possible new clinical approaches to help patients with red meat allergy syndrome due to the presence of these xenoantigens in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perota
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Irina Lagutina
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Roberto Duchi
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Elisa Zanfrini
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy.,Fondazione Avantea, Cremona, Italy
| | - Jean Paul Judor
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Conchon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean Marie Bach
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Tomaso Bottio
- Cardiac Surgery Unit - Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health - Padova University School of Medicine and CORIS, Padova, Italy
| | - Gino Gerosa
- Cardiac Surgery Unit - Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health - Padova University School of Medicine and CORIS, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Costa
- Infectious Diseases and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Galiñanes
- Reparative Therapy of the Heart, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Autonomous University of Barcelona (AUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean Christian Roussel
- Department of Thoracic and CardioVascular Surgery, Nantes Hospital University, Nantes, France
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Emanuele Cozzi
- Transplant Immunology Unit, Padua General Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Jean Paul Soulillou
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy.,Fondazione Avantea, Cremona, Italy
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23
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Lazzari G, Terlizzi A, Silvano G. EP-1597 Radiotherapy of monstrous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and scalp in elderly: our series. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Lazzari G, De Cillis M, Terlizzi A, Silvano G. PO-142 Swallowing tests and aspiration pneumonia in advanced head and neck cancer: preliminary data. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Claes A, Cuervo‐Arango J, Broek J, Galli C, Colleoni S, Lazzari G, Deelen C, Beitsma M, Stout TA. Factors affecting the likelihood of pregnancy and embryonic loss after transfer of cryopreserved in vitro produced equine embryos. Equine Vet J 2018; 51:446-450. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Claes
- Department of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - J. Cuervo‐Arango
- Department of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - J. Broek
- Department of Farm Animal Health Section of Epidemiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - C. Galli
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies Avantea Cremona Italy
- Fondazione Avantea Cremona Italy
| | - S. Colleoni
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies Avantea Cremona Italy
| | - G. Lazzari
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies Avantea Cremona Italy
- Fondazione Avantea Cremona Italy
| | - C. Deelen
- Department of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - M. Beitsma
- Department of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - T. A. Stout
- Department of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
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26
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Bernardo AS, Jouneau A, Marks H, Kensche P, Kobolak J, Freude K, Hall V, Feher A, Polgar Z, Sartori C, Bock I, Louet C, Faial T, Kerstens HHD, Bouissou C, Parsonage G, Mashayekhi K, Smith JC, Lazzari G, Hyttel P, Stunnenberg HG, Huynen M, Pedersen RA, Dinnyes A. Mammalian embryo comparison identifies novel pluripotency genes associated with the naïve or primed state. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.033282. [PMID: 30026265 PMCID: PMC6124576 DOI: 10.1242/bio.033282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During early mammalian development, transient pools of pluripotent cells emerge that can be immortalised upon stem cell derivation. The pluripotent state, ‘naïve’ or ‘primed’, depends on the embryonic stage and derivation conditions used. Here we analyse the temporal gene expression patterns of mouse, cattle and porcine embryos at stages that harbour different types of pluripotent cells. We document conserved and divergent traits in gene expression, and identify predictor genes shared across the species that are associated with pluripotent states in vivo and in vitro. Amongst these are the pluripotency-linked genes Klf4 and Lin28b. The novel genes discovered include naïve- (Spic, Scpep1 and Gjb5) and primed-associated (Sema6a and Jakmip2) genes as well as naïve to primed transition genes (Dusp6 and Trip6). Both Gjb5 and Dusp6 play a role in pluripotency since their knockdown results in differentiation and downregulation of key pluripotency genes. Our interspecies comparison revealed new insights of pluripotency, pluripotent stem cell identity and a new molecular criterion for distinguishing between pluripotent states in various species, including human. Summary: Interspecies comparison of mouse, bovine and pig embryos revealed conserved genes which distinguish between naïve and primed pluripotency states, including in human. Some of these genes interfere with the pluripotency network and lead to differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S Bernardo
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK .,Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alice Jouneau
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Hendrik Marks
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Kensche
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kristine Freude
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Vanessa Hall
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Anita Feher
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary
| | | | - Chiara Sartori
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy.,Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Istvan Bock
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary
| | - Claire Louet
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Tiago Faial
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Hindrik H D Kerstens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Camille Bouissou
- Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Gregory Parsonage
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK.,Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kaveh Mashayekhi
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary.,Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - James C Smith
- Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Poul Hyttel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hendrik G Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Huynen
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roger A Pedersen
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Andras Dinnyes
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary .,Molecular Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Szent István University, H-2100 Godollo, Gödöllő, Hungary.,Departments of Equine Sciences and Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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27
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Hildebrandt TB, Hermes R, Colleoni S, Diecke S, Holtze S, Renfree MB, Stejskal J, Hayashi K, Drukker M, Loi P, Göritz F, Lazzari G, Galli C. Embryos and embryonic stem cells from the white rhinoceros. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2589. [PMID: 29973581 PMCID: PMC6031672 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04959-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The northern white rhinoceros (NWR, Ceratotherium simum cottoni) is the most endangered mammal in the world with only two females surviving. Here we adapt existing assisted reproduction techniques (ART) to fertilize Southern White Rhinoceros (SWR) oocytes with NWR spermatozoa. We show that rhinoceros oocytes can be repeatedly recovered from live SWR females by transrectal ovum pick-up, matured, fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and developed to the blastocyst stage in vitro. Next, we generate hybrid rhinoceros embryos in vitro using gametes of NWR and SWR. We also establish embryonic stem cell lines from the SWR blastocysts. Blastocysts are cryopreserved for later embryo transfer. Our results indicate that ART could be a viable strategy to rescue genes from the iconic, almost extinct, northern white rhinoceros and may also have broader impact if applied with similar success to other endangered large mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Hildebrandt
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315, Berlin, Germany. .,Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Robert Hermes
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Sebastian Diecke
- Max Delbrück Center, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marilyn B Renfree
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jan Stejskal
- ZOO Dvůr Králové, Štefánikova 1029, 544 01, Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-0054, Japan
| | - Micha Drukker
- Institute of Stem Cell Research and the Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pasqualino Loi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Frank Göritz
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, D-10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100, Cremona, Italy.,Fondazione Avantea, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100, Cremona, Italy. .,Fondazione Avantea, 26100, Cremona, Italy.
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28
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Stout T, Claes A, Colleoni S, Lazzari G, Galli C, Cuervo-Arango J. Mare and Stallion Effects on Blastocyst Production in a Commercial OPU-ICSI Program. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Galli C, Colleoni S, Turini P, Crotti G, Lazzari G. Prolonged In Vitro Maturation Time and Increased Intensity of Piezo Pulses During ICSI Enhance Cleavage and Embryo Development in the Horse. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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30
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Claes A, Cuervo-Arango J, Colleoni S, Lazzari G, Galli C, Stout T. Production and Sex Ratio of Foals After Transfer of Frozen-thawed In Vitro Produced Embryos. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Quadalti C, Brunetti D, Lagutina I, Duchi R, Perota A, Lazzari G, Cerutti R, Di Meo I, Johnson M, Bottani E, Crociara P, Corona C, Grifoni S, Tiranti V, Fernandez-Vizarra E, Robinson AJ, Viscomi C, Casalone C, Zeviani M, Galli C. SURF1 knockout cloned pigs: Early onset of a severe lethal phenotype. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2131-2142. [PMID: 29601977 PMCID: PMC6018622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) associated with cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is an early onset, fatal mitochondrial encephalopathy, leading to multiple neurological failure and eventually death, usually in the first decade of life. Mutations in SURF1, a nuclear gene encoding a mitochondrial protein involved in COX assembly, are among the most common causes of LS. LSSURF1 patients display severe, isolated COX deficiency in all tissues, including cultured fibroblasts and skeletal muscle. Recombinant, constitutive SURF1-/- mice show diffuse COX deficiency, but fail to recapitulate the severity of the human clinical phenotype. Pigs are an attractive alternative model for human diseases, because of their size, as well as metabolic, physiological and genetic similarity to humans. Here, we determined the complete sequence of the swine SURF1 gene, disrupted it in pig primary fibroblast cell lines using both TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing systems, before finally generating SURF1-/- and SURF1-/+ pigs by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT). SURF1-/- pigs were characterized by failure to thrive, muscle weakness and highly reduced life span with elevated perinatal mortality, compared to heterozygous SURF1-/+ and wild type littermates. Surprisingly, no obvious COX deficiency was detected in SURF1-/- tissues, although histochemical analysis revealed the presence of COX deficiency in jejunum villi and total mRNA sequencing (RNAseq) showed that several COX subunit-encoding genes were significantly down-regulated in SURF1-/- skeletal muscles. In addition, neuropathological findings, indicated a delay in central nervous system development of newborn SURF1-/- piglets. Our results suggest a broader role of sSURF1 in mitochondrial bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Quadalti
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona 26100, Italy; Dept. of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - D Brunetti
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK
| | - I Lagutina
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona 26100, Italy
| | - R Duchi
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona 26100, Italy
| | - A Perota
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona 26100, Italy
| | - G Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona 26100, Italy; Fondazione Avantea, Cremona, Italy
| | - R Cerutti
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK
| | - I Di Meo
- Neurologic Institute Carlo Besta, Via G. Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M Johnson
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK
| | - E Bottani
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK
| | - P Crociara
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, Torino 10154, Italy
| | - C Corona
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, Torino 10154, Italy
| | - S Grifoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, Torino 10154, Italy
| | - V Tiranti
- Neurologic Institute Carlo Besta, Via G. Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - E Fernandez-Vizarra
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK
| | - A J Robinson
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK
| | - C Viscomi
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK
| | - C Casalone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, Torino 10154, Italy
| | - M Zeviani
- University of Cambridge/MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB20XY, UK.
| | - C Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona 26100, Italy; Dept. of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
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32
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D'Arrigo A, Lazzari G, Fornari G, Vineis C, Costalaia L, Ajmone F. Hodgkin's Disease Developing in A Patient with Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy with Dysproteinemia - A Case Report. Tumori 2018; 71:305-10. [PMID: 4024285 DOI: 10.1177/030089168507100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The case of a woman presenting the clinical and pathologic phenomena of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) with dysproteinemia is reported. The patient developed lesions in the lymph nodes, skin, lungs, liver and spleen, and her response to steroid and cyclophosphamide therapy was poor. At autopsy, microscopic findings in the mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes were consistent with the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. Whereas the development of immunoblastic lymphoma is frequent in AILD, Hodgkin's disease is far less common. It is argued that malignant lymphoma in AILD may be the consequence of chronically depressed lymphocyte functions.
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33
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Loi P, Galli C, Lazzari G, Matsukawa K, Fulka J, Goeritz F, Hildebrandt TB. Development to term of sheep embryos reconstructed after inner cell mass/trophoblast exchange. J Reprod Dev 2018; 64:187-191. [PMID: 29445070 PMCID: PMC5902907 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report in vitro and term development of sheep embryos after the inner cell mass (ICM) from one set of sheep blastocysts were injected into the trophoblast vesicles
of another set. We also observed successful in vitro development of chimeric blastocysts made from sheep trophoblast vesicles injected with bovine ICM. First, we dissected
ICMs from 35 sheep blastocysts using a stainless steel microblade and injected them into 29 re-expanded sheep trophoblastic vesicles. Of the 25 successfully micromanipulated trophoblastic
vesicles, 15 (51.7%) re-expanded normally and showed proper ICM integration. The seven most well reconstructed embryos were transferred for development to term. Three ewes receiving
manipulated blastocysts were pregnant at day 45 (42.8%), and all delivered normal offspring (singletons, two females and one male, average weight: 3.54 ± 0.358 kg). Next, we monitored
in vitro development of sheep trophoblasts injected with bovine ICMs. Of 17 injected trophoblastic vesicles, 10 (58.8%) re-expanded after 4 h in culture, and four (40%)
exhibited integrated bovine ICM. Our results indicate that ICM/trophoblast exchange is feasible, allowing full term development with satisfactory lambing rate. Therefore, ICM exchange is a
promising approach for endangered species conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualino Loi
- Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea srl., Laboratorio di Tecnologie della Riproduzione, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea srl., Laboratorio di Tecnologie della Riproduzione, Cremona, Italy
| | - Kazutsugu Matsukawa
- Research and Education Faculty, Multidisciplinary Science Cluster, Life and Environmental Medicine Science Unit, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Josef Fulka
- Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frank Goeritz
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo & Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
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Lagutina I, Lazzari G, Galli C. 35 Interspecies Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos that Form Nucleoli do not Always Activate Mitochondrial Functional Differentiation at the Time of Embryonic Genome Activation. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv30n1ab35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic genome activation (EGA) is a complex process that needs a good orchestration of all biochemical processes at the time of maternal-to-embryonic transition. Mitochondria are strictly dependent on the nucleus for their correct activity as ~1500 mitochondrial genes have nuclear localisation. The finding of transcriptional activation and accumulation of mRNAs related to mitochondrial biogenesis (Mtango et al. 2008 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20, 846-859) around the time of EGA confirmed the role of nucleus in this process. Studying mitochondria behaviour in interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) embryos (Lagutina et al. 2010 Reproduction 140, 273-285), we have found that at the time of EGA, mitochondria activation could be demonstrated by JC-1 accumulation. We suggested that comparison of the mean green fluorescence intensity (FI) that corresponds to the fluorescence of the monomeric form of the dye and correlates to relative mitochondrial mass (Mancini et al. 1997) in iSCNT and control nuclear transfer (NT) could serve as a test to assess EGA in iSCNT embryos. The aim of this study was to estimate nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction in iSCNT embryos that formed nucleoli at the time of EGA (Lagutina et al. 2011 Reproduction 141, 453-465) such as embryos derived from bovine oocytes and bovine (control), buffalo or ovine donor nuclei, and from porcine oocytes and porcine (control), horse, or rabbit nuclei. Embryos 72 h after activation were stained with 2 μM JC-1 in SOF-HEPES with 10% FCS at 37°C for 1 h. Images were collected using a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) filter and analysed with Adobe Photoshop Elements 2 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, CA, USA). The data are presented as mean FI of the embryo. To demonstrate the effect of EGA inhibition on mitochondria, bovine and porcine NT embryos were cultured in medium supplemented with 25 μg/mL α-amanitin (AA) from 48 to 72 h after activation. The analyses of mean FI of the embryos showed that ovine and buffalo nuclei were able to support mitochondrial mass accumulation in iSCNT embryos with bovine oocytes equal to control bovine NT embryos (35 ± 11.2; 41.9 ± 14.8; 36.2 ± 7.6, respectively) that was significantly higher than in bovine embryos treated with AA (15.4 ± 4.9; P < 0.05). In the iSCNT embryos composed of porcine oocytes and equine or rabbit nuclei, mean FI values (20 ± 13.4; 18.3 ± 5.5, respectively) were comparable with those in porcine NT embryos treated with AA (16.2 ± 6.2), and were significantly lower than in porcine control (91 ± 47.7; P < 0.05) NT embryos, demonstrating the inability of equine and rabbit nuclei to properly govern the porcine mitochondria mass growth at the time of EGA. In conclusion, nucleolus formation and activation of nuclear encoded mitochondrial genes at the time of EGA cannot serve, per se, as a marker of correct embryonic genome activation in iSCNT embryos, because, in our conditions, no iSCNT embryos developed to blastocyst (Lagutina et al. 2010 Reproduction 140, 273-285). This knowledge about behaviour of different embryo compartments at the time of EGA could extend our understanding of the whole process.
This work was funded by Translink (EU FP7 no. 603049) and Xenoislet projects (EU FP7 no. 601827).
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Daverio I, Barandalla M, Galli C, Lazzari G. 171 Protective Effect of Sodium Pyruvate Against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Bovine and Swine Oocytes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv30n1ab171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study from our laboratory (Ramos-Ibeas et al. 2017 Mol. Cell. Biochem. 429, 137-150, 10.1007/s11010-017-2942-z) described the protective effect of sodium pyruvate (SP) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in somatic and embryonic stem cells. In this study, we tested the same experimental conditions on bovine and swine oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM). To this aim, cumulus-enclosed oocytes (COC) recovered from bovine and swine ovaries were treated for 1 h with different concentrations of H2O2 and then matured in serum-free TCM-199 with and without SP supplementation. All experiments were done in 3 replicates using 12 to 20 oocytes per experimental group; data were analysed by two-way ANOVA. As a first step, we determined the dose-response curve of H2O2 treatment during IVM, using the reaching of metaphase 2 as endpoint. We found that swine COC were more sensitive to H2O2 damage than bovine COC: indeed, they tolerated a range of concentrations from 128 to 512 μM, whereas the range for bovine COC was between 1024 and 4096 μM. The COC from both species were treated for 1 h with 128 μM (swine) or 2048 μM (bovine) H2O2 and then matured with or without different concentrations of SP. Control COC, unexposed to H2O2, were also matured with and without SP supplementation. We found that the addition of 25 mM SP to swine COC reduced the maturation rate both in control and H2O2-treated groups. Instead, reducing the addition of SP to 10 mM we observed a beneficial effect because the metaphase II level in treated oocytes increased from 38% (15/40) to 67% (24/36) and the difference was statistically significant. In bovine COC, the addition of 25 mM SP did not affect control oocytes during IVM but decreased maturation rate in treated oocytes, whereas 10 mM SP had no effect on the control group and showed a tendency to increase maturation rate in treated oocytes. In a second set of experiments, to determine if cumulus cells acted as a barrier for SP to reach the oocyte, the COC were denuded after H2O2 treatment and matured with or without SP. In swine denuded oocytes (DO) matured with SP, the rate of metaphase II increased significantly both in control [from 71% (34/48) to 92% (44/48)] and in treated groups [from 48% (23/48) to 72% (36/50)]. In bovine DO, the supplementation of SP did not increase the maturation rate significantly (25/41 v. 29/41 in control groups, 12/36 v. 18/40 in treated groups). In conclusion, we found that toxic H2O2 concentrations were approximately 10-fold higher for bovine than for swine, indicating that bovine COC were more resistant to oxidative stress. This could explain why SP supplementation had a significant protective effect in swine but only a minor effect in bovine. Moreover, the difference in SP effect between bovine and swine COC could be due to their morphology because bovine cumulus is often larger and more compact than swine cumulus and this difference could influence how SP reaches the inner oocyte and how it is metabolized.
This work was funded by projects EpiHealth FP7 n. 278418, EpiHealthNet FP7-PEOPLE-2012-ITN n. 317146 and Fecund FP7 n. 312097.
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Ruggeri E, DeLuca KF, Galli C, Lazzari G, DeLuca JG, Stokes JE, Carnevale EM. Use of Confocal Microscopy to Evaluate Equine Zygote Development After Sperm Injection of Oocytes Matured In Vivo or In Vitro. Microsc Microanal 2017; 23:1197-1206. [PMID: 29208065 PMCID: PMC5976488 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927617012740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Confocal microscopy was used to image stages of equine zygote development, at timed intervals, after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of oocytes that were matured in vivo or in vitro. After fixation for 4, 6, 8, 12, or 16 h after ICSI, zygotes were incubated with α/β tubulin antibodies and human anticentromere antibody (CREST/ACA), washed, incubated in secondary antibodies, conjugated to either Alexa 488 or Alexa 647, and incubated with 561-Phalloidin and Hoechst 33258. An Olympus IX81 spinning disk confocal microscope was used for imaging. Data were analyzed using χ 2 and Fisher's exact tests. Minor differences in developmental phases were observed for oocytes matured in vivo or in vitro. Oocytes formed pronuclei earlier when matured in vivo (67% at 6 h and 80% at 8 h) than in vitro (13% at 6 and 8 h); 80% of oocytes matured in vitro formed pronuclei by 12 h. More (p=0.04) zygotes had atypical phenotypes, indicative of a failure of normal zygote development, when oocyte maturation occurred in vitro versus in vivo (30 and 11%, respectively). Some potential zygotes from oocytes matured in vivo had normal phenotypes, although development appeared to be delayed or arrested. Confocal microscopy provided a feasible method to assess equine zygote development using limited samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ruggeri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 1693 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Keith F DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, 1870 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Cesare Galli
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, Via Porcellasco 7f, 26100, Cremona, Italy
- Fondazione Avantea, Via Porcellasco 7f, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Avantea, Via Porcellasco 7f, 26100, Cremona, Italy
- Fondazione Avantea, Via Porcellasco 7f, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Jennifer G DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, 1870 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Joanne E Stokes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 1693 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Elaine M Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 1693 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Lazzari G, Terlizzi A, Leo MG, Silvano G. VMAT radiation-induced nausea and vomiting in adjuvant breast cancer radiotherapy: The incidental effect of low-dose bath exposure. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2017; 7:43-48. [PMID: 29594228 PMCID: PMC5862677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose To investigate the hypothesis on low-dose bath exposure related to radiation-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV) in adjuvant breast volumetric modulated arch therapy (VMAT). Methods and materials A total of 106 consecutive breast cancer patients (pts) treated with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) with VMAT from January 2013 to May 2016 were evaluated retrospectively. For each pt, a planning CT was reimported and the coeliac plexus and gastroesophageal junction with gastric mouth (GEJCPs) were contoured as a new organ at risk (OAR) in the upper abdominal area. RINV was associated with Dmax and Dmean to GEJCPs. Univariate analysis with χ2, t-test, and Pearson’s covariance was used for statistical analysis. Results Of 106 pts, 64% complained of acute RINV according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03. RINV was related to Dmax > 10 Gy and Dmean > 3 Gy to GEJCPs (P < 0.005). The radiation breast side and planning target volume (PTV) correlated with RINV. Conclusions RINV in VMAT breast radiotherapy could be a new emerging acute side effect due to a low dose bath to upper abdominal structures such as the GEJCPs. A Dmax < 10 Gy and Dmean < 3 Gy to GEJCPs should be constrained in VMAT planning to minimize RINV risk in breast radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lazzari
- Radiation Oncology Unit, S. Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, Str. Per Martina Franca, 74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - A Terlizzi
- Physic Department, S. Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, Str. Per Martina Franca, 74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - M G Leo
- Physic Department, S. Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, Str. Per Martina Franca, 74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - G Silvano
- Radiation Oncology Unit, S. Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, Str. Per Martina Franca, 74100 Taranto, Italy
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Naso F, Stefanelli U, Buratto E, Lazzari G, Perota A, Galli C, Gandaglia A. Alpha-Gal Inactivated Heart Valve Bioprostheses Exhibit an Anti-Calcification Propensity Similar to Knockout Tissues. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:1181-1195. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Naso
- Biocompatibility Innovation, Medical Device Biocompatibility Laboratory, Padova, Italy
| | - Ugo Stefanelli
- Biocompatibility Innovation, Medical Device Biocompatibility Laboratory, Padova, Italy
| | - Edward Buratto
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Andrea Perota
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technology, Cremona, Italy
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technology, Cremona, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Fondazione Avantea, Cremona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gandaglia
- Biocompatibility Innovation, Medical Device Biocompatibility Laboratory, Padova, Italy
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Barandalla M, Shi H, Xiao H, Colleoni S, Galli C, Lio P, Trotter M, Lazzari G. Global gene expression profiling and senescence biomarker analysis of hESC exposed to H 2O 2 induced non-cytotoxic oxidative stress. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:160. [PMID: 28676096 PMCID: PMC5497375 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0602-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) potentially offer new routes to study, on the basis of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept, how the maternal environment during pregnancy influences the offspring’s health and can predispose to chronic disease in later life. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant defences and cellular redox status play a key function in gene expression regulation and are involved in diabetes and metabolic syndromes as in ageing. Methods We have, therefore, designed an in vitro cell model of oxidative stress by exposing hESCs to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) during 72 h, in order to resemble the period of preimplantation embryonic development. Results We have analysed the global gene expression profiles of hESCs (HUES3) exposed to non-cytotoxic H2O2 concentrations, using Illumina microarray HT-12 v4, and we found the differential expression of 569 upregulated and 485 downregulated genes. The most affected gene ontology categories were those related with RNA processing and splicing, oxidation reduction and sterol metabolic processes. We compared our findings with a published RNA-seq profiling dataset of human embryos developed in vitro, thereupon exposed to oxidative stress, and we observed that one of the common downregulated genes between this publication and our data, NEDD1, is involved in centrosome structure and function. Conclusions Therefore, we assessed the presence of supernumerary centrosomes and showed that the percentage of cells with more than two centrosomes increased acutely with H2O2 treatment in hESCs (HUES3 and 7) and in a control somatic cell line (Hs27), inducing a premature entry into senescence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0602-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Barandalla
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/F, Cremona, 26100, Italy.
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hui Xiao
- Computer laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/F, Cremona, 26100, Italy
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/F, Cremona, 26100, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Lio
- Computer laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew Trotter
- Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe (CITRE), Seville, Spain
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/F, Cremona, 26100, Italy
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Lazzari G, Terlizzi A, Turi B, Leo M, Becci D, Silvano G. EP-1158: Vmat radiation induced nausea/vomiting in adjuvant breast cancer radiotherapy: dosimetrical issues. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31594-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ruggeri E, DeLuca KF, Galli C, Lazzari G, DeLuca JG, Carnevale EM. Cytoskeletal alterations associated with donor age and culture interval for equine oocytes and potential zygotes that failed to cleave after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 27:944-56. [PMID: 25798646 DOI: 10.1071/rd14468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an established method to fertilise equine oocytes, but not all oocytes cleave after ICSI. The aims of the present study were to examine cytoskeleton patterns in oocytes after aging in vitro for 0, 24 or 48h (Experiment 1) and in potential zygotes that failed to cleave after ICSI of oocytes from donors of different ages (Experiment 2). Cytoplasmic multiasters were observed after oocyte aging for 48h (P<0.01). A similar increase in multiasters was observed with an increased interval after ICSI for young mares (9-13 years) but not old (20-25 years) mares. Actin vesicles were observed more frequently in sperm-injected oocytes from old than young mares. In the present study, multiasters appeared to be associated with cell aging, whereas actin vesicles were associated with aging of the oocyte donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ruggeri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 1601 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Keith F DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, 1870 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Cesare Galli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia (Bologna), Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7f, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Jennifer G DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, 1870 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Elaine M Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 1601 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Salama A, Mosser M, Lévêque X, Perota A, Judor JP, Danna C, Pogu S, Mouré A, Jégou D, Gaide N, Abadie J, Gauthier O, Concordet JP, Le Bas-Bernardet S, Riochet D, Le Berre L, Hervouet J, Minault D, Weiss P, Guicheux J, Brouard S, Bosch S, Lagutina I, Duchi R, Lazzari G, Cozzi E, Blancho G, Conchon S, Galli C, Soulillou JP, Bach JM. Neu5Gc and α1-3 GAL Xenoantigen Knockout Does Not Affect Glycemia Homeostasis and Insulin Secretion in Pigs. Diabetes 2017; 66:987-993. [PMID: 28082457 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Xenocell therapy from neonate or adult pig pancreatic islets is one of the most promising alternatives to allograft in type 1 diabetes for addressing organ shortage. In humans, however, natural and elicited antibodies specific for pig xenoantigens, α-(1,3)-galactose (GAL) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), are likely to significantly contribute to xenoislet rejection. We obtained double-knockout (DKO) pigs lacking GAL and Neu5Gc. Because Neu5Gc-/- mice exhibit glycemic dysregulations and pancreatic β-cell dysfunctions, we evaluated islet function and glucose metabolism regulation in DKO pigs. Isolation of islets from neonate piglets yielded identical islet equivalent quantities to quantities obtained from control wild-type pigs. In contrast to wild-type islets, DKO islets did not induce anti-Neu5Gc antibody when grafted in cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase KO mice and exhibited in vitro normal insulin secretion stimulated by glucose and theophylline. Adult DKO pancreata showed no histological abnormalities, and immunostaining of insulin and glucagon was similar to that from wild-type pancreata. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, the insulin-to-glucagon ratio, and HOMA-insulin resistance in fasted adult DKO pigs and blood glucose and C-peptide changes after intravenous glucose or insulin administration were similar to wild-type pigs. This first evaluation of glucose homeostasis in DKO pigs for two major xenoantigens paves the way to their use in (pre)clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apolline Salama
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
- Société d'Accélération du Transfert de Technologies Ouest Valorisation, Rennes, France
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mathilde Mosser
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Xavier Lévêque
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Andrea Perota
- Avantea Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Jean-Paul Judor
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Corentin Danna
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Sylvie Pogu
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Mouré
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Jégou
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Gaide
- Animal cancers as Models for Research in comparative Oncology (AMaROC), Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Abadie
- Animal cancers as Models for Research in comparative Oncology (AMaROC), Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Gauthier
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Center for Research and Preclinical Investigation, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Concordet
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 7196, Paris, France
- INSERM U1154, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Le Bas-Bernardet
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - David Riochet
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ludmilla Le Berre
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jérémy Hervouet
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - David Minault
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Pierre Weiss
- INSERM UMRS 791, Laboratoire d'ingénierie Ostéo-Articulaire et Dentaire (LIOAD), Nantes, France; University of Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes, France
- Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- INSERM UMRS 791, Laboratoire d'ingénierie Ostéo-Articulaire et Dentaire (LIOAD), Nantes, France; University of Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes, France
- Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre d'investigation clinique (CIC) Biotherapy, Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Steffi Bosch
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Irina Lagutina
- Avantea Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Roberto Duchi
- Avantea Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
- Avantea Foundation, Cremona, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cozzi
- Transplantation Immunology Unit, Department of Transfusion Medicine, University of Padua-Ospedale Giustinianeo, Padua, Italy
- CORIT (Consortium for Research in Organ Transplantation), Padua, Italy
| | - Gilles Blancho
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre d'investigation clinique (CIC) Biotherapy, Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Conchon
- INSERM CRTI UMR 1064, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institute of Transplantation, Urology and Nephrology (ITUN), Nantes University Hospital-CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
- Avantea Foundation, Cremona, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Marie Bach
- IECM, Immuno-endocrinology, EA4644 Oniris, University of Nantes, USC1383 INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
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Ramos-Ibeas P, Barandalla M, Colleoni S, Lazzari G. Pyruvate antioxidant roles in human fibroblasts and embryonic stem cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 429:137-150. [PMID: 28247212 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been related to multiple diseases, especially during early embryonic development, when environmental alterations can lead to long-term deleterious effects. In vitro studies of oxidative stress have been mainly focused on somatic cells, but embryonic stem cells (ESCs) represent a promising model of early embryonic development as they are the in vitro equivalent to pluripotent cells in the embryo. Human fibroblasts and ESCs were exposed to different pro-oxidant agents (hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), and rotenone) and antioxidants (sodium pyruvate, N-acetylcysteine, Trolox, and sodium selenite) during a 72 h oxidative stress treatment. Then, cell viability, oxidative stress, mitochondrial activity, and gene expression were analyzed, focusing on the antioxidant effect of pyruvate. Pyruvate protected both somatic and pluripotent cells against different pro-oxidant agents, showing strong ROS scavenging capacity, protecting mitochondrial membrane potential, and regulating gene expression and cell metabolism through different mechanisms in fibroblasts and ESCs. In fibroblasts, pyruvate avoided NFKβ nuclear translocation and the upregulation of genes related to the oxidative stress response, while in ESCs pyruvate stimulated the expression of genes involved in anaerobic glycolysis. Fibroblasts and ESCs reacted in different ways to oxidative stress and antioxidant treatment, and pyruvate was the most complete antioxidant, protecting both cell types at different levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Barandalla
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Silvia Colleoni
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, 26100, Cremona, Italy
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Barandalla M, Colleoni S, Galli C, Lazzari G. 126 EXPRESSION OF THE RECEPTOR FOR ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS IN BOVINE OOCYTES AND EMBRYOS CULTURED IN LOW AND HIGH OXYGEN. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that binds a broad repertoire of advanced glycation end products ligands. It is constitutively expressed at a high level during embryonic development, but its levels decrease in adult tissues. The RAGE-ligand interaction induces a series of signal transduction cascades and leads to the activation of several inflammatory signalling pathways. This is why RAGE is frequently associated with pro-inflammatory responses and it is implicated as an underlying condition in immune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and cancer. However, the physiological function of RAGE during embryogenesis and in aging is largely undefined. The aim of this work was to determine the basal levels on RAGE expression in bovine oocytes (germinal vesicle, GV, and in vitro-matured metaphase II) and in vitro-derived embryos developed in SOF medium, by qPCR (3 replicates each containing pooled RNA from 20 oocytes or embryos, t-test P < 0.05) and immunostaining. The expression of RAGE was similar in bovine oocytes, in cleaving embryos up to morula, and afterward declined at the blastocyst stage. However, a more detailed investigation, by the separation of the inner cell mass (ICM) from the trophoblast, indicated that expression decreased only in the trophoblast (over 5-fold) while it was maintained high in the isolated ICM. In the trophoblast, compared to the ICM, this finding coincided with an elevated expression of PSMA6 gene, which encodes for the 20S proteasome subunit, and ubiquitin (UBB) gene, suggesting a link between proteasome activity and RAGE expression. Then we investigated the expression of RAGE and the proteasome-ubiquitin system in embryos cultured under different oxygen concentrations [i.e. physiological (5%) or high (20%) O2 levels]. Preliminary results showed that RAGE expression was lower in embryos cultured in 20% O2 and conversely the expression of PSMA6 and UBB genes was higher. Thus, these results indicate that the activity of RAGE-mediated stress response pathway in pre-implantation bovine embryos is affected by O2 tension during in vitro culture.
This work was funded by projects Epihealth FP7 n. 278418, EpiHealthNet FP7-PEOPLE-2012-ITN n. 317146, and Fecund FP7 n. 312097.
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Perota A, Lagutina I, Quadalti C, Duchi R, Turini P, Crotti G, Colleoni S, Conchon S, Concordet JP, Lazzari G, Soulillou JP, Galli C. 203 SINGLE-STEP GENE EDITING OF 3 XENOANTIGENS IN PORCINE FIBROBLASTS USING PROGRAMMABLE NUCLEASES. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmable nucleases (ZFN, Tal Effector Nucleases, and CRISPR) opened a new era for mammal genome editing, in particular for the pigs used for xenotransplantation. Multiple gene editing events are required both for knockout (KO) of xenoantigens and for targeted integration of human protective genes (Perota et al. 2016 J. Genet. Genomics 43, 233–23). The objective of the present work was to edit selected pig lines to KO the enzymes coding for the most relevant xenoantigens (i.e. GGTA1, CMAH, and B4GalNT2), combining Talens and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies to magnetic beads selection (Li et al. 2013 Xenotransplantation 22, 20–31). Primary porcine adult fibroblasts were transfected using Nucleofector (V-024 program). In a single reaction 2 × 106 fibroblasts were co-transfected using 2 different sets of TALENS (4 μg/set) specific for CMAH (Conchon et al., 2013) and GGTA1 (Perota et al., 2015) genes together with B4GalNT2-specific CRISPR/Cas9 expression vector (2 μg; pX330-B4GalNT2; Estrada et al., 2015). Eight days post-transfection (DPT), Gal–/– cells were selected initially using biotin-conjugated IB4 lectin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) and magnetic beads (Dynabeads M-280, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). The selected cells were then plated on 150-mm Petri dishes (200 cells/dish) and cultured for 10 days. Selected colonies were expanded for PCR analysis and cryopreserved for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). All colonies were analysed by PCR for CMAH gene and their resulting products were digested with HindIII (HindIII-RFLP). Colonies that lost wild-type HindIII as a consequence of Talens effected deletion were PCR characterised for GGTA1, selecting those that had detectable Indels after gel electrophoresis and finally analysed by PCR for B4GalNT2. All PCR products were validated by sequencing for all the 3 genes of interest (TopoTA, Thermo Fisher Scientific). Selected colonies were used as nuclear donors for SCNT (Lagutina et al., 2006). Eight DPT we obtained 3.45 ×106 cells. About 6.0 × 103 Gal-negative cells (0.17%) were collected from the supernatant after magnetic beads separation. Eighteen DPT, 120 colonies were picked up and their HindIII-RFLP analyses on CMAH gene revealed that 22 colonies (18.3%) were KO for both CMAH alleles. Of these 22 colonies following electrophoretic analyses of GGTA1-PCR products, 13 colonies had detectable Indels. These 13 colonies were finally PCR analysed and sequenced for B4GalNT2 and sequenced. Final sequencing results confirmed that 2 colonies (1.6%) resulted in KO for the 3 genes. Three different zona-free SCNT experiments were done and 579 reconstructed embryos were obtained. On Day 7, 322 morulae or blastocysts (56%) were transferred in 3 synchronised sows and 2 (66%) became pregnant. In conclusion, after gene editing with programmable nucleases, combining beads-mediated selection with well-designed molecular analyses, we developed a multistep assay that can be used efficiently to detect desired gene edited events in cell colonies suitable for the SCNT. Embryos generated after SCNT were able to establish pregnancies at a high rate.
This work is supported by European FP7 grants Translink (n° 603049) and Xenoislet (n° 601827).
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Quadalti C, Galli C, Lazzari G. Development of an in vitro test battery for the screening of the receptor-mediated mechanism and the spindle-poison mode of action of estrogenic compounds. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 48:245-252. [PMID: 27846407 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of the REACH regulation has imposed the urgent need of developing alternative testing methods to screen large number of compounds more quickly and at lower costs. In this study, a battery of tests, suitable for reproductive toxicology testing, was developed with the objective of detecting the mechanism of action of estrogenic and xenoestrogenic compounds. With this aim, two compounds known for their estrogenic activity, diethylstilbestrol and 17β-estradiol, were used to set up four different in vitro tests: 1) bovine oocyte in vitro maturation assay, 2) bovine preimplantation embryo in vitro culture assay and 3) MCF-7 and 4) BALB/3T3 cell lines proliferation and cytotoxicity assay, respectively. The results show that this battery of tests allows to identify and to distinguish between two major mechanisms of action of (xeno)estrogenic compounds: the receptor-mediated mechanism and the spindle-poison effect on microtubules polimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Quadalti
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona, 26100, Italy; Dept. of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy.
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona, 26100, Italy; Dept. of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy; Fondazione Avantea, Cremona, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7/f, Cremona, 26100, Italy; Fondazione Avantea, Cremona, Italy.
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Rubio A, Luoni M, Giannelli SG, Radice I, Iannielli A, Cancellieri C, Di Berardino C, Regalia G, Lazzari G, Menegon A, Taverna S, Broccoli V. Rapid and efficient CRISPR/Cas9 gene inactivation in human neurons during human pluripotent stem cell differentiation and direct reprogramming. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37540. [PMID: 27857203 PMCID: PMC5114606 DOI: 10.1038/srep37540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a rapid and customizable tool for gene editing in mammalian cells. In particular, this approach has widely opened new opportunities for genetic studies in neurological disease. Human neurons can be differentiated in vitro from hPSC (human Pluripotent Stem Cells), hNPCs (human Neural Precursor Cells) or even directly reprogrammed from fibroblasts. Here, we described a new platform which enables, rapid and efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome targeting simultaneously with three different paradigms for in vitro generation of neurons. This system was employed to inactivate two genes associated with neurological disorder (TSC2 and KCNQ2) and achieved up to 85% efficiency of gene targeting in the differentiated cells. In particular, we devised a protocol that, combining the expression of the CRISPR components with neurogenic factors, generated functional human neurons highly enriched for the desired genome modification in only 5 weeks. This new approach is easy, fast and that does not require the generation of stable isogenic clones, practice that is time consuming and for some genes not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Rubio
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Luoni
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena G. Giannelli
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Radice
- Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy Bio-Imaging Centre, Experimental Imaging Centre, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Iannielli
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Cancellieri
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Regalia
- Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy Bio-Imaging Centre, Experimental Imaging Centre, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Neuroengineering and medical robotics laboratory, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Via Porcellasco 7f, 26100 Cremona, Fondazione Avantea, Cremona
| | - Andrea Menegon
- Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy Bio-Imaging Centre, Experimental Imaging Centre, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Taverna
- Neuroimmunology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
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Barandalla M, Colleoni S, Lazzari G. Differential Response of Human Embryonic Stem and Somatic Cells to Non-Cytotoxic Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure: An Attempt to Model In Vitro the Effects of Oxidative Stress on the Early Embryo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 5. [PMID: 27774366 DOI: 10.4172/2168-9296.1000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) potentially offer a unique in vitro model to study how an adverse environment during the early developmental stages post-fertilization can affect the physiology of the undifferentiated embryonic stem cells existing in the early embryo and predispose to long term effects on the offspring, according to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept. A number of unfavourable conditions can affect the development of the early embryo inducing oxidative stress both in vivo, for instance in gestational diabetes and in vitro, when embryos are derived from Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Therefore, the aim of this study was the development of a novel in vitro model to analyse the effects of oxidative stress and the antioxidant response against Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in embryonic stem cells in comparison with somatic cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. To this purpose we designed an in vitro protocol based on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment of 72 h, in order to better resemble the period of embryonic development from the early cleavages to the blastocyst stage. We demonstrate that H2O2 treatment induces the modification of crucial oxidative stress biomarkers like ROS and lipid peroxidation levels, and mobilizes several antioxidant enzymes through NFkβ translocation. Moreover we show differences between somatic and embryonic cells in their antioxidant response towards H2O2 induced damage. Therefore this study presents a promising in vitro model to investigate the effects of oxidative stress conditions on early human embryonic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barandalla
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, via Porcellasco 7/f, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - S Colleoni
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, via Porcellasco 7/f, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - G Lazzari
- Avantea srl, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, via Porcellasco 7/f, 26100 Cremona, Italy
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Galli C, Colleoni S, Duchi R, Lazzari G. Male Factors Affecting the Success of Equine In Vitro Embryo Production by Ovum Pickup-Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in a Clinical Setting. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Reynard O, Jacquot F, Evanno G, Mai HL, Salama A, Martinet B, Duvaux O, Bach JM, Conchon S, Judor JP, Perota A, Lagutina I, Duchi R, Lazzari G, Le Berre L, Perreault H, Lheriteau E, Raoul H, Volchkov V, Galli C, Soulillou JP. Anti-EBOV GP IgGs Lacking α1-3-Galactose and Neu5Gc Prolong Survival and Decrease Blood Viral Load in EBOV-Infected Guinea Pigs. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156775. [PMID: 27280712 PMCID: PMC4900587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyclonal xenogenic IgGs, although having been used in the prevention and cure of severe infectious diseases, are highly immunogenic, which may restrict their usage in new applications such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever. IgG glycans display powerful xenogeneic antigens in humans, for example α1–3 Galactose and the glycolyl form of neuraminic acid Neu5Gc, and IgGs deprived of these key sugar epitopes may represent an advantage for passive immunotherapy. In this paper, we explored whether low immunogenicity IgGs had a protective effect on a guinea pig model of Ebola virus (EBOV) infection. For this purpose, a double knock-out pig lacking α1–3 Galactose and Neu5Gc was immunized against virus-like particles displaying surface EBOV glycoprotein GP. Following purification from serum, hyper-immune polyclonal IgGs were obtained, exhibiting an anti-EBOV GP titer of 1:100,000 and a virus neutralizing titer of 1:100. Guinea pigs were injected intramuscularly with purified IgGs on day 0 and day 3 post-EBOV infection. Compared to control animals treated with IgGs from non-immunized double KO pigs, the anti-EBOV IgGs-treated animals exhibited a significantly prolonged survival and a decreased virus load in blood on day 3. The data obtained indicated that IgGs lacking α1–3 Galactose and Neu5Gc, two highly immunogenic epitopes in humans, have a protective effect upon EBOV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Reynard
- Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity, CIRI, INSERM U1111—CNRS UMR5308, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Hoa Le Mai
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Bernard Martinet
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Jean-Marie Bach
- Xenothera, Nantes, France
- IECM, EA4644 Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, USC1383 INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Conchon
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Judor
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Andrea Perota
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Irina Lagutina
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Roberto Duchi
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
- Avantea Foundation, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ludmilla Le Berre
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Hervé Raoul
- Inserm-Jean Mérieux BSL4 Laboratory, US003 Inserm, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
| | - Viktor Volchkov
- Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity, CIRI, INSERM U1111—CNRS UMR5308, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
| | - Cesare Galli
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, Italy
- Avantea Foundation, Cremona, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
| | - Jean-Paul Soulillou
- Xenothera, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- * E-mail: (JPS); (VV); ; (HR)
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