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Luo C, Alegre-Requena JV, Sujansky SJ, Pajk SP, Gallegos LC, Paton RS, Bandar JS. Mechanistic Studies Yield Improved Protocols for Base-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Alcohol Addition Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9586-9596. [PMID: 35605253 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic anti-Markovnikov addition of alcohols to simple alkenes is a longstanding synthetic challenge. We recently disclosed the use of organic superbase catalysis for the nucleophilic addition of alcohols to activated styrene derivatives. This article describes mechanistic studies on this reversible reaction, including thermodynamic and kinetic profiling as well as computational modeling. Our findings show the negative entropy of addition is counterbalanced by an enthalpy that is most favored in nonpolar solvents. However, a large negative alcohol rate order under these conditions indicates excess alcohol sequesters the active alkoxide ion pairs, slowing the reaction rate. These observations led to an unexpected solution to a thermodynamically challenging reaction: use of less alcohol enables faster addition, which in turn allows for lower reaction temperatures to counteract Le Chatelier's principle. Thus, our original method has been improved with new protocols that do not require excess alcohol stoichiometry, enable an expanded alkene substrate scope, and allow for the use of more practical catalyst systems. The generality of this insight for other challenging hydroetherification reactions is also demonstrated through new alkenol cyclization and oxa-Michael addition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaosheng Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Juan V Alegre-Requena
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Stephen J Sujansky
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Spencer P Pajk
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Liliana C Gallegos
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Robert S Paton
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Bandar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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2
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Kennemur J, Maji R, Scharf MJ, List B. Catalytic Asymmetric Hydroalkoxylation of C-C Multiple Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14649-14681. [PMID: 34860509 PMCID: PMC8704240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric hydroalkoxylation of alkenes constitutes a redox-neutral and 100% atom-economical strategy toward enantioenriched oxygenated building blocks from readily available starting materials. Despite their great potential, catalytic enantioselective additions of alcohols across a C-C multiple bond are particularly underdeveloped, especially compared to other hydrofunctionalization methods such as hydroamination. However, driven by some recent innovations, e.g., asymmetric MHAT methods, asymmetric photocatalytic methods, and the development of extremely strong chiral Brønsted acids, there has been a gratifying surge of reports in this burgeoning field. The goal of this review is to survey the growing landscape of asymmetric hydroalkoxylation by highlighting exciting new advances, deconstructing mechanistic underpinnings, and drawing insight from related asymmetric hydroacyloxylation and hydration. A deep appreciation of the underlying principles informs an understanding of the various selectivity parameters and activation modes in the realm of asymmetric alkene hydrofunctionalization while simultaneously evoking the outstanding challenges to the field moving forward. Overall, we aim to lay a foundation for cross-fertilization among various catalytic fields and spur further innovation in asymmetric hydroalkoxylations of C-C multiple bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manuel J. Scharf
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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3
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Sustainable hydration of alkynes promoted by first row transition metal complexes. Background, highlights and perspectives. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Temkin ON. “Golden Age” of Homogeneous Catalysis Chemistry of Alkynes: Dimerization and Oligomerization of Alkynes. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158419060120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Lee Z, Jones BR, Nkengbeza N, Phillips M, Valentine K, Stewart A, Sellers B, Shuber N, Aiken KS. Iodine-mediated hydration of alkynes on keto-functionalized scaffolds: mechanistic insight and the regiospecific hydration of internal alkynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2747-2752. [PMID: 31807207 PMCID: PMC6880791 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An iodine-mediated hydration reaction of alkynes serves as a green alternative to metal-catalyzed procedures. Previous work has shown that this method works well with terminal alkynes on keto-functionalized scaffolds, including 1,3-dicarbonyls and their heteroatom analogues. It was hypothesized that the reaction proceeds through a 5-exo-dig neighboring group participation (NGP) cyclization and an α-iodo intermediate. The work described herein probes the existence of the intermediate through NMR investigations and explores the scope of the hydration process with internal alkynes. The NMR experiments confirm the existence of the α-iodo intermediate, and methodology studies demonstrate that alkyl-capped, asymmetric, internal alkynes undergo a regiospecific hydration, also via the 5-exo-dig NGP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Lee
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Brandon R Jones
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Nyochembeng Nkengbeza
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Michael Phillips
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Kayla Valentine
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Alexis Stewart
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Brandon Sellers
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Nicholas Shuber
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Karelle S Aiken
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8064, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
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6
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Kakiuchi F, Takano S, Kochi T. Catalytic Reactions of Terminal Alkynes Using Rhodium(I) Complexes Bearing 8-Quinolinolate Ligands. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Kakiuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shotaro Takano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Kochi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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7
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Luo C, Bandar JS. Superbase-Catalyzed anti-Markovnikov Alcohol Addition Reactions to Aryl Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3547-3550. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaosheng Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Bandar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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8
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Metal-Catalyzed Intra- and Intermolecular Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Alkynes in Aqueous Media: A Review. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7110328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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9
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Bolotin DS, Bokach NA, Demakova MY, Kukushkin VY. Metal-Involving Synthesis and Reactions of Oximes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13039-13122. [PMID: 28991449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review classifies and summarizes the past 10-15 years of advancements in the field of metal-involving (i.e., metal-mediated and metal-catalyzed) reactions of oximes. These reactions are diverse in nature and have been employed for syntheses of oxime-based metal complexes and cage-compounds, oxime functionalizations, and the preparation of new classes of organic species, in particular, a wide variety of heterocyclic systems spanning small 3-membered ring systems to macroheterocycles. This consideration gives a general outlook of reaction routes, mechanisms, and driving forces and underlines the potential of metal-involving conversions of oxime species for application in various fields of chemistry and draws attention to the emerging putative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Ya Demakova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Sarbajna A, Pandey P, Rahaman SMW, Singh K, Tyagi A, Dixneuf PH, Bera JK. A Triflamide-Tethered N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Rhodium(I) Catalyst for Hydroalkoxylation Reactions: Ligand-Promoted Nucleophilic Activation of Alcohols. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Sarbajna
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Pragati Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - S. M. Wahidur Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Akshi Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Pierre H. Dixneuf
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes France
| | - Jitendra. K. Bera
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
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11
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Xie JB, Bao JJ, Li HX, Tan DW, Li HY, Lang JP. An efficient approach to the ammoxidation of alcohols to nitriles and the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes in water using Cu(ii)/pypzacac complexes as catalysts. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11743c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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12
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Espinosa-Jalapa NÁ, Ke D, Nebra N, Le Goanvic L, Mallet-Ladeira S, Monot J, Martin-Vaca B, Bourissou D. Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Indenediide Palladium Pincer Complexes for Cycloisomerization: Efficient Synthesis of Alkylidene Lactams. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs5010322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Ángel Espinosa-Jalapa
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118
route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA UMR5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Diandian Ke
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118
route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA UMR5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Noel Nebra
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118
route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA UMR5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Lucas Le Goanvic
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118
route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA UMR5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse, FR2599, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Monot
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118
route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA UMR5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Blanca Martin-Vaca
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118
route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA UMR5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118
route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA UMR5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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13
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Tan DW, Xie JB, Li Q, Li HX, Li JC, Li HY, Lang JP. Syntheses and structures of copper complexes of 3-(6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrazol-1-ide and their excellent performance in the syntheses of nitriles and aldehydes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:14061-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01765j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Giglio BC, Alexanian EJ. Alkene Hydrofunctionalization Using Hydroxamic Acids: A Radical-Mediated Approach to Alkene Hydration. Org Lett 2014; 16:4304-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C. Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Erik J. Alexanian
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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15
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Temkin ON. Anti-Markovnikov hydration of α-olefins and the other pathways to n-alcohols. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158414020128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Cristian L, Nica S, Pavel OD, Mihailciuc C, Almasan V, Coman SM, Hardacre C, Parvulescu VI. Novel ruthenium–terpyridyl complex for direct oxidation of amines to nitriles. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00209h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Alkyne and Alkene Insertion into Metal–Heteroatom and Metal–Hydrogen Bonds: The Key Stages of Hydrofunctionalization Process. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2012_54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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