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Uchiyama T, Nakamura T, Hiyama M, Kudo T. Theoretical Study of Si/C Equally Mixed Dodecahedrane Analogues. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062769. [PMID: 36985740 PMCID: PMC10052951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To gain insight into the effect of Si/C arrangement on the molecular framework of strained polyhedral compounds, dodecahedrane analogues containing equal numbers of carbon and silicon (Si/C equally mixed dodecahedrane analogues) were investigated using the ab initio molecular orbital method. There are 1648 isomers for which the Si/C arrangement on the molecular framework is different. Based on the geometry optimization of all the isomers as well as the carbon and silicon analogues, the characteristics of the structure, relative energy, and strain energy of the Si/C equally mixed compounds are presented. Then, important factors controlling the relative energy, such as strain energy, are proposed through regression analysis. Also discussed is the correlation between the relative energy and the indices of Si/C dispersion, such as the number of skeletal C-Si single bonds and condensed five-membered rings constituting the polyhedral structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamotsu Uchiyama
- Department of Environmental Engineering Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Taiji Nakamura
- Department of Environmental Engineering Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Miyabi Hiyama
- Department of Environmental Engineering Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Takako Kudo
- Department of Environmental Engineering Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
- Gunma Study Center, The Open University of Japan, Maebashi 371-0032, Japan
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Tsurusaki A, Sato H, Kyushin S. Clusterization Effect on the 29Si NMR Signal of a Spiro Silicon Atom. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Tsurusaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Application Laboratories, Rigaku Corporation, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kyushin
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
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3
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Bamberg M, Bursch M, Hansen A, Brandl M, Sentis G, Kunze L, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Grimme S, Wagner M. [Cl@Si 20H 20] -: Parent Siladodecahedrane with Endohedral Chloride Ion. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10865-10871. [PMID: 34255517 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fullerenes and diamondoids are at the core of nanoscience. Comparable monodisperse silicon analogues are scarce. Herein, we report the synthesis of the parent siladodecahedrane, which represents the largest Platonic solid. It shares its pattern of pentagonal faces with the smallest fullerene, C20, and its saturated, H-terminated skeleton with diamondoids. Similar to endofullerenes, the silicon cage encapsulates a chloride ion ([Cl@Si20H20]-); similar to diamondoids, its Si-H termini offer a wealth of opportunities for further functionalization. Mere treatment with chloromethanes leads to the perchlorinated cluster [Cl@Si20Cl20]-. Both compounds were characterized by mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and quantum-chemical calculations. The experimentally determined 35Cl resonances of the endohedral chloride ions are particularly diagnostic to probe the Cl- → Si20 interaction strength as a function of the different surface substituents, as we have proven by high-level computational analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Bamberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Bursch
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Brandl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sentis
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lukas Kunze
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Marro EA, Folster CP, Press EM, Im H, Ferguson JT, Siegler MA, Klausen RS. Stereocontrolled Syntheses of Functionalized cis- and trans-Siladecalins. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17926-17936. [PMID: 31600060 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of both diastereomers of an all-silicon analog of decalin. Carbocyclic decalin is a ubiquitous bicyclic structural motif. The siladecalin synthesis provides materials functionalized with either Si-Ph or Si-H groups, versatile entry points for further chemical diversification. The synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silanes is significantly less precedented than the synthesis of asymmetric carbon centers, and strategies for control of relative stereochemistry in oligosilanes are hardly described. This study offers insights of potential generality, such as the epimerization of the cis-isomer to the thermodynamically downhill trans-isomer via a hypothesized pentavalent intermediate. Decalin is a classic example in the conformational analysis of organic ring systems, and the carbocyclic diastereomers have highly divergent conformational profiles. Like the carbocycle, we observe different conformational properties in cis- and trans-siladecalins with consequences for NMR spectroscopy, optical properties, and vibrational spectroscopy. This study showcases the utility of targeted synthesis for preparing complex and functionalized polycyclic silanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Marro
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Carlton P Folster
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Eric M Press
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Hoyeon Im
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - John T Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Rebekka S Klausen
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
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5
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Zhao H, Klemmer L, Cowley MJ, Huch V, Zimmer M, Scheschkewitz D. Reactivity of a Peraryl Cyclotrisilene (c
-Si3
R
4
) Toward Chalcogens. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Krupp-Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie; Universität des Saarlandes; Campus, C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Lukas Klemmer
- Krupp-Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie; Universität des Saarlandes; Campus, C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Michael J. Cowley
- Krupp-Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie; Universität des Saarlandes; Campus, C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh; EH9 3JJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp-Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie; Universität des Saarlandes; Campus, C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp-Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie; Universität des Saarlandes; Campus, C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie; Universität des Saarlandes; Campus, C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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Teichmann J, Wagner M. Silicon chemistry in zero to three dimensions: from dichlorosilylene to silafullerane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1397-1412. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As one of the simplest examples of functionalized Si(ii) species, the SiCl2/[SiCl3]− system is not only fundamentally interesting, but also an important starting point for the assembly of oligosilane chains, rings, and clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Teichmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
- 60438 Frankfurt am Main
- Germany
| | - M. Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
- 60438 Frankfurt am Main
- Germany
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7
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Stabilisation of the [6]-prismane structure by silicon substitution. J CHEM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-017-1264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Metalloid Clusters. STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2015_5004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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