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Albericio G, Higuera M, Araque P, Sánchez C, Herrero D, García-Brenes MA, Formentini L, Torán JL, Mora C, Bernad A. Development of a Bmi1+ Cardiac Mouse Progenitor Immortalized Model to Unravel the Relationship with Its Protective Vascular Endothelial Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8815. [PMID: 39201501 PMCID: PMC11354400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart has been demonstrated to be endowed with low but real turnover capacity, especially for cardiomyocytes, the key functional cell type. The source, however, of that turnover capacity remains controversial. In this regard, we have defined and characterized a resident multipotent cardiac mouse progenitor population, Bmi1+DR (for Bmi1+ Damage-Responsive cells). Bmi1+DR is one of the cell types with the lowest ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) levels in the adult heart, being particularly characterized by their close relationship with cardiac vessels, most probably involved in the regulation of proliferation/maintenance of Bmi1+DR. This was proposed to work as their endothelial niche. Due to the scarcity of Bmi1+DR cells in the adult mouse heart, we have generated an immortalization/dis-immortalization model using Simian Vacuolating Virus 40-Large Antigen T (SV40-T) to facilitate their in vitro characterization. We have obtained a heterogeneous population of immortalized Bmi1+DR cells (Bmi1+DRIMM) that was validated attending to different criteria, also showing a comparable sensitivity to strong oxidative damage. Then, we concluded that the Bmi1-DRIMM population is an appropriate model for primary Bmi1+DR in vitro studies. The co-culture of Bmi1+DRIMM cells with endothelial cells protects them against oxidative damage, showing a moderate depletion in non-canonical autophagy and also contributing with a modest metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Albericio
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
- Molecular Biology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Higuera
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
| | - Paula Araque
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
| | - Cristina Sánchez
- Molecular Biology Department, Molecular Biology Center Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Herrero
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
| | - Miguel A. García-Brenes
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
| | - Laura Formentini
- Molecular Biology Department, Molecular Biology Center Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Torán
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
| | - Carmen Mora
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Cardiac Stem Cells Lab, Immunology and Oncology Department, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (G.A.); (M.H.); (P.A.); (J.L.T.)
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Zheng X, Zhao D, Liu Y, Jin Y, Liu T, Li H, Liu D. Regeneration and anti-inflammatory effects of stem cells and their extracellular vesicles in gynecological diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115739. [PMID: 37862976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many gynecological diseases, among which breast cancer (BC), cervical cancer (CC), endometriosis (EMs), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common and difficult to cure. Stem cells (SCs) are a focus of regenerative medicine. They are commonly used to treat organ damage and difficult diseases because of their potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation. SCs are also commonly used for difficult-to-treat gynecological diseases because of their strong directional differentiation ability with unlimited possibilities, their tendency to adhere to the diseased tissue site, and their use as carriers for drug delivery. SCs can produce exosomes in a paracrine manner. Exosomes can be produced in large quantities and have the advantage of easy storage. Their safety and efficacy are superior to those of SCs, which have considerable potential in gynecological treatment, such as inhibiting endometrial senescence, promoting vascular reconstruction, and improving anti-inflammatory and immune functions. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of the regenerative and anti-inflammatory capacity of SCs and exosomes in incurable gynecological diseases and the current progress in their application in genetic engineering to provide a foundation for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Ye Jin
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Tianjia Liu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Baicheng Medical College, Baicheng 137000, China.
| | - Huijing Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Da Liu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
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Yasmeen R, Pham Q, Fukagawa NK, Wang TTY. Individual Variabilities in Adipose Stem Cell Proliferation, Gene Expression and Responses to Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12534. [PMID: 36293398 PMCID: PMC9604277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are reported to play a role in normal physiology as well as in inflammation and disease. The objective of this work was to elucidate inter-individual differences in growth, gene expression and response to inflammatory stimuli in ASCs from different donors. Human ASC1 (male donor) and ASC2 (female donor) were purchased from Lonza (Walkersville, MD). Cell proliferation was determined by the sulforhodamine B assay. After time-dependent treatment of ASCs with or without bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), marker gene mRNAs for proliferation, steroid hormones, and xenobiotic and immune pathways were determined using RT-PCR, and secreted cytokine levels in media were measured using the Bio-Plex cytokine assay kit. ASCs from both donors expressed androgen receptors but not estrogen receptors. ASC2 had a 2-fold higher proliferation rate and a 6-fold higher level of proliferation marker Ki67 mRNA than ASC1. ASC2 exhibited significantly greater fold induction of TNF-α and CCL2 by LPS compared to ASC1. TNF-α and GM-CSF protein levels were also significantly higher in the LPS-induced ASC2 media, but IL-6 secretion was higher in the LPS-induced ASC1 media. Our findings suggest that inter-individual variability and/or possible sex differences exist in ASCs, which may serve as a key determinant to inflammatory responses of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Yasmeen
- Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
- Division of Food Labeling & Standards, Office of Nutrition and Food Labeling, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Quynhchi Pham
- Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Naomi K. Fukagawa
- Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Thomas T. Y. Wang
- Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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Stem cell membrane-coated abiotic nanomaterials for biomedical applications. J Control Release 2022; 351:174-197. [PMID: 36103910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale materials have been extensively employed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, the developed nanosystems still suffer from some limitations, namely the rapid elimination by the immune system, lack of targeting to specific cells, and insufficient biocompatibility. Therefore, novel strategies based upon a biomimetic approach have received attention to improving the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of nanosystems. One promising strategy is the application of a biomimetic coating consisting of cell membranes derived from different cell types onto nanoparticle cores. Stem cells have been investigated to develop targeted nanodevices owing to their excellent intrinsic tissue-specific homing features, protecting them from the immune system to reach the sites of inflammation. This targeting ability is conferred by a surface repertoire of stem cell-associated biomolecules. Such nanoscopical materials offer sustained circulation and boosted drug accumulation at target sites, augmenting therapeutic efficacy and safety. Additionally, the coating of nanoparticles with cell membranes acts as a camouflage mechanism to increase their circulation time. The current review explores the particular features of stem cell membrane coating as multifunctional biomimetic surface functionalization agents to camouflage nanoparticle cores. Biomedical applications of engineered stem cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, challenges in clinical translation, and their future prospects are addressed.
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Di SJ, Wu SY, Liu TJ, Shi YY. Stem cell therapy as a promising strategy in necrotizing enterocolitis. Mol Med 2022; 28:107. [PMID: 36068527 PMCID: PMC9450300 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease that affects newborns, particularly preterm infants, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. No effective therapeutic strategies to decrease the incidence and severity of NEC have been developed to date. Stem cell therapy has been explored and even applied in various diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders. Animal studies on stem cell therapy have made great progress, and the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and intestinal barrier enhancing effects of stem cells may be protective against NEC clinically. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic mechanisms through which stem cells may function in the treatment of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Di
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Si-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Tian-Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yong-Yan Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs that widely exist in eukaryotes. As a new focus in the field of molecular regulation, circRNAs have attracted much attention in recent years. Previous studies have confirmed that circRNAs are associated with many physiological and pathological processes. CircRNAs also participate in the regulation of stem cells. Stem cells have the properties of self-renewal and differentiation, which make stem cell therapy popular. CircRNAs may serve as new targets in stem cell therapy due to their regulation in stem cells. However, the underlying relationships between circRNAs and stem cells are still being explored. In this review, we briefly summarize the effects of circRNAs on stem cells, in the context of biological activities, aging and apoptosis, and aberrant changes. Moreover, we also examine the biological roles of stem cell-derived exosomal circRNAs. We believe our review will provide insights into the effects of circRNAs on stem cells.
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The Vascular Niche for Adult Cardiac Progenitor Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050882. [PMID: 35624750 PMCID: PMC9137669 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on cardiac progenitor cell populations has generated expectations about their potential for cardiac regeneration capacity after acute myocardial infarction and during physiological aging; however, the endogenous capacity of the adult mammalian heart is limited. The modest efficacy of exogenous cell-based treatments can guide the development of new approaches that, alone or in combination, can be applied to boost clinical efficacy. The identification and manipulation of the adult stem cell environment, termed niche, will be critical for providing new evidence on adult stem cell populations and improving stem-cell-based therapies. Here, we review and discuss the state of our understanding of the interaction of adult cardiac progenitor cells with other cardiac cell populations, with a focus on the description of the B-CPC progenitor population (Bmi1+ cardiac progenitor cell), which is a strong candidate progenitor for all main cardiac cell lineages, both in the steady state and after cardiac damage. The set of all interactions should be able to define the vascular cardiac stem cell niche, which is associated with low oxidative stress domains in vasculature, and whose manipulation would offer new hope in the cardiac regeneration field.
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Potential for Stem Cell-Based Therapy in the Road of Treatment for Neurological Disorders Secondary to COVID-19. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 8:355-369. [PMID: 34746370 PMCID: PMC8555723 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has led to the worldwide pandemic named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has caused a significant increase in the number of cases and mortalities since its first diagnosis in December 2019. Although COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system, neurological involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system has been also reported. Herein, the higher risk of neurodegenerative diseases in COVID-19 patients in future is also imaginable. Neurological complications of COVID-19 infection are more commonly seen in severely ill individuals; but, earlier diagnosis and treatment can lead to better long-lasting results. In this respect, stem cell biotechnologies with considerable self-renewal and differentiation capacities have experienced great progress in the field of neurological disorders whether in finding out their underlying processes or proving them promising therapeutic approaches. Herein, many neurological disorders have been found to benefit from stem cell medicine strategies. Accordingly, in the present review, the authors are trying to discuss stem cell-based biotechnologies as promising therapeutic options for neurological disorders secondary to COVID-19 infection through reviewing neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and current stem cell-based biotechnologies for neurological disorders. Lay Summary Due to the substantial burden of neurological disorders in the health, economic, and social system of society, the emergence of neurological manifestations following COVID-19 (as a life-threatening pandemic) creates the need to use efficient and modern methods of treatment. Since stem cell-based methods have been efficient for a large number of neurological diseases, it seems that the use of mentioned methods is also effective in the process of improving neurological disorders caused by COVID-19. Hereupon, the current review aims to address stem cell-based approaches as treatments showing promise to neurological disorders related to COVID-19.
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Zhang N, Zhao L, Liu D, Hu C, Wang Y, He T, Bi Y, He Y. Characterization of Urine-Derived Stem Cells from Patients with End-Stage Liver Diseases and Application to Induced Acute and Chronic Liver Injury of Nude Mice Model. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:1126-1138. [PMID: 34549601 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are adult stem cells isolated from urine with strong proliferative ability and differentiation potentials. Cell transplantation of USCs could partly repair liver injury. It has been reported that the proliferative ability of bone mesenchymal stem cells in patients with chronic liver failure is significantly lower than in patients without liver disease. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the biological characteristics of USCs from end-stage liver disease patients (LD-USCs, USCs from patients with liver disease) compared with those from normal healthy individuals (N-USCs, USCs from normal individuals), with a view to determining whether autologous USCs can be applied to the treatment of liver disease. In this study USCs were isolated from urine samples of male patients with end-stage liver disease. Adherent USCs exhibit a spindle- or rice grain-like morphology, and express CD24, CD29, CD73, CD90, and CD146 surface markers, but not CD31, CD34, CD45, and CD105. We observed no differences in cell morphology or cell surface marker profile between LD-USCs and N-USCs. LD-USCs exhibited similar proliferative, colony-forming, apoptotic, and migratory abilities to N-USCs. Both USCs demonstrated similar capacities for osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. When USCs were transplanted into CCl4 treatment-induced acute and chronic liver fibrosis mouse models, we observed a decrease in liver index, recovery of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, alleviation of liver tissue injury, and dramatic improvement of liver tissue structure. USC transplantation can effectively recover liver function and improve liver tissue damage in acute or chronic liver injury mouse models. According to the results, we concluded that the biological characteristics of LD-USCs are not affected by basic liver disease. This study provides further evidence of the stem cell characteristics and liver repair function of LD-USCs, which may serve as a theoretical and experimental foundation for autologous USC transplantation technology in the treatment of liver failure and end-stage liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daijiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaoqun Hu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tongchuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yang Bi
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun He
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Dhillon VS, Deo P, Bonassi S, Fenech M. Lymphocyte micronuclei frequencies in skin, haematological, prostate, colorectal and esophageal cancer cases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 787:108372. [PMID: 34083057 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Micronucleus (MN) assay has been widely used as a biomarker of DNA damage, chromosomal instability, cancer risk and accelerated aging in many epidemiological studies. In this narrative review and meta-analysis we assessed the association between lymphocyte micronuclei (MNi) and cancers of the skin, blood, digestive tract, and prostate. The review identified nineteen studies with 717 disease subjects and 782 controls. Significant increases in MRi for MNi were observed in the following groups: subjects with blood cancer (MRi = 3.98; 95 % CI: 1.98-7.99; p = 0.000) and colorectal cancer (excluding IBD) (MRi = 2.69; 95 % CI: 1.82-3.98, p < 0.000). The results of this review suggest that lymphocyte MNi are a biomarker of DNA damage and chromosomal instability in people with haematological or colorectal cancers. However, the MRi for lymphocyte MNi in subjects with cancers of skin, prostate, esophagus was not significantly increased. More case-control and prospective studies are warranted to further verify the observed trends and to better understand the role of lymphocyte MNi as a biomarker of cancer risk in blood, skin, digestive tract and prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinderpal S Dhillon
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000, Australia.
| | - Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy; Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000, Australia; Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Feng X, Xia K, Ke Q, Deng R, Zhuang J, Wan Z, Luo P, Wang F, Zang Z, Sun X, Xiang AP, Tu X, Gao Y, Deng C. Transplantation of encapsulated human Leydig-like cells: A novel option for the treatment of testosterone deficiency. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 519:111039. [PMID: 32980418 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that the transplantation of alginate-poly-ʟ-lysine-alginate (APA)-encapsulated rat Leydig cells (LCs) provides a promising approach for treating testosterone deficiency (TD). Nevertheless, LCs have a limited capacity to proliferate, limiting the efficacy of LC transplantation therapy. Here, we established an efficient differentiation system to obtain functional Leydig-like cells (LLCs) from human stem Leydig cells (hSLCs). Then we injected APA-encapsulated LLCs into the abdominal cavities of castrated mice without an immunosuppressor. The APA-encapsulated cells survived and partially restored testosterone production for 90 days in vivo. More importantly, the transplantation of encapsulated LLCs ameliorated the symptoms of TD, such as fat accumulation, muscle atrophy and adipocyte accumulation in bone marrow. Overall, these results suggest that the transplantation of encapsulated LLCs is a promising new method for testosterone supplementation with potential clinical applications in TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Ke
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongda Deng
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory CO., LTD, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jintao Zhuang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi Wan
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fulin Wang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Zang
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangzhou Sun
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang'an Tu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yong Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Xu Y, Liu J, Chen WJ, Ye QQ, Chen WT, Li CL, Wu HT. Regulation of N6-Methyladenosine in the Differentiation of Cancer Stem Cells and Their Fate. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:561703. [PMID: 33072746 PMCID: PMC7536555 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.561703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common internal RNA modifications in eukaryotes. It is a dynamic and reversible process that requires an orchestrated participation of methyltransferase, demethylase, and methylated binding protein. m6A modification can affect RNA degradation, translation, and microRNA processing. m6A plays an important role in the regulation of various processes in living organisms. In addition to being involved in normal physiological processes such as sperm development, immunity, fat differentiation, cell development, and differentiation, it is also involved in tumor progression and stem cell differentiation. Curiously enough, cancer stem cells, a rare group of cells present in malignant tumors, retain the characteristics of stem cells and play an important role in the survival, proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence of cancers. Recently, studies demonstrated that m6A participates in the self-renewal and pluripotent regulation of these stem cells. However, considering that multiple targets of m6A are involved in different physiological processes, the exact role of m6A in cancer progression remains controversial. This article focuses on the mechanism of m6A and its effects on the differentiation of cancer stem cells, to provide a basis for elucidating the tumorigenesis mechanisms and exploring new potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Jia Chen
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ye
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Tian Chen
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chun-Lan Li
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Hua-Tao Wu,
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